2026届高考英语复习 重难点 10 阅读理解 （含解析）

重难点 10 阅读理解
内容导航 速度提升 技巧掌握 手感养成 重难考向聚焦 锁定目标 精准打击：本专项核心考查方向与高考高频难点是阅读理解，梳理近 3 年高考该题型的重难考点分布。 重难技巧突破 授予利器 瓦解难点： 1.阅读理解之应用文 2.阅读理解之记叙文 3.阅读理解之说明文 4.阅读理解之议论文 重难保分练 稳扎稳打 必拿分数：聚焦 4 种类型可稳拿分数题目，确保重难点基础分值 重难抢分练 突破瓶颈 争夺高分：聚焦 4 种类型中高难度题目，争夺关键分数 重难冲刺练 模拟实战 挑战顶尖：挑战高考和模拟综合题型，养成稳定攻克难题的“题感”。
考点 三年考情（2023-2025） 命题趋势
考点 1 应用文（3年 12 考） 2025 全国一卷---交通领域碳排放及应对方案；2025 全国二卷---英国四个市场小镇特色； 2025 八省联考卷---英国东约克郡四个景点； 2025 浙江 1 月卷---图书馆间互借服务（ILL）； 2024 全国甲卷—艺术节展览项目； 1. 讲述中国智慧： 语 篇会巧妙融合传统文 化(如围棋)、当代发展 (如绿色能源)与科技进 步，体现文化自信。2. 探讨全球议题：涉及气 候变化、生态保护等人 类命运共同体话题，考
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2024 浙江 1 月卷—名作改编为音乐剧； 2024 新课标 I 卷—栖息地恢复团队招募； 2023 新课标 II 卷—黄石公园护林员项目； 2023 浙江 1 月卷—探险家营地； 2023 新课标 I 卷—自行车租赁与旅行； 2023 全国甲卷—泰国曼谷饮食之旅； 2023 全国乙卷—四位从医者生平与事迹； 查多视角分析能力。 3. 关注成长发展：围绕人与自我、社会、自然，选取贴近生活的故事，启迪积极人生态度。 4. 文本真实多元：材料多直接选自外刊、网 站、科普读物等， 体裁包括论述文、报告、书评等。 5. 语言难度体现在语境：长难句、逻辑衔接词是理解关键。熟词生义、一词多义现象普 遍，需结合语境判断。 6. 语言难度体现在语境：长难句、逻辑衔接词是理解关键。熟词生义、一词多义现象普 遍，需结合语境判断。
考点 2 记叙文（3年 9 考） 2025 全国二卷---医院学校学生益处；2025浙江 1 月卷--帮孩子建立健康饮食习惯； 2025 全国一卷---写作教师教学认知突破之旅; 2025 八省联考卷—退休邮递员被铭记； 2024 新课标 I 卷—中医针灸治疗动物； 2023 新课标 II 卷—学校科学项目； 2023 全国甲卷—DIY 成为女性新宠； 2023 全国乙卷—风景摄影师趣闻； 2023 浙江 1 月卷—家中零浪费生活方式；
考点 3 说明文（3年 21 考） 2025 全国二卷--餐厅创意改造被丢弃食材； 2025 八省联考卷—独特的城市社区； 2025 全国一卷--减少自来水中微塑料； 2025 全国二卷--室内植物利于身心； 2025 浙江 1 月卷--矩阵式种植方法； 2025 八省联考卷--体育锻炼促进记忆； 2024 新课标 I 卷—科学记录生物多样性； 2024 新课标 II 卷—人工智能安全发展； 2024 全国甲卷—医疗列车巡回服务； 2024 浙江 1 月卷—棉花糖测试的背后； 2024 新课标 I 卷—巴比伦微农场；
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2024 全国甲卷—对猫的行为研究； 2024 浙江 1 月卷—农民担心冰雹计划； 2023 全国甲卷—保护灰熊新问题； 2023 浙江 1 月卷—太阳能农场； 2023 新课标 I 卷—极简生活方式； 2023 新课标 I 卷—群体智慧效应； 2023 新课标 II 卷—纸质书籍和阅读； 2023 新课标 II 卷—保护城市野生生态； 2023 全国甲卷—书评； 2023 全国乙卷—电视烹饪节目影响；
考点 4 议论文（3年 5 考） 2025 全国一卷—重视城市宜居性；2025 八省联考卷---产品设计去性别化； 2024 新课标 I 卷—数字阅读与纸质阅读； 2024 全国甲卷—小说结局引起的思考； 2023 全国乙卷—研究历史需要物证；
考点一：阅读理解之应用文
【2025 全国一卷】
The greening of planes, trains and automobiles
Moving goods and people around the world is responsible for a large part of global CO2
emissions (排放). As the world races to decarbonize everything, it faces particular problems with transportation — which accounts for about a quarter of our energy-related greenhouse gas
emissions. Here’s the breakdown of the emissions in 2018 for different modes of transport.
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The fuels for transport need to be not just green, cheap and powerful, but also lightweight and safe enough to be carried around. Each mode of transport has its specific fuel needs. Much is still to be settled, but here are some of the solutions to get us going green.
PLANES — Synthetic hydrocarbonsThe hardest sector to decarbonize is aviation. One long-term option for sustainable fuel for planes is to make hydrocarbons from recycled air. CARS — BatteriesBatteries are energy-efficient and electric cars can plug into existing systems and services. New solid-state batteries will take a car farther on a single charge.
TRAINS — ElectricitySome trains are already electrified through rails or wires; others can be made electric in pretty simple ways. TRUCKS — Hydrogenfuel cells Hydrogen fuel cells are a lighter choice than batteries for trucks, but making green hydrogen is expensive. SHIPS — Liquid ammoniaLiquid ammonia is easy to keep and transport, but it is hard to ignite (点燃) and requires an engine redesign.
This energy transition (变革) is global, and the amount of renewable energy the world will need is “a little bit mind-blowing,” says mechanical engineer Keith Wipke at the National
Renewable Energy Laboratory. It’s estimated that the global demand for electricity could more
than double by 2050. Fortunately, analyses suggest that renewables are up to the task. “We need to speed up the development of green energy, and it will all get used,” says Wipke.
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1 ．What percentage of global transport emissions did road vehicles account for in 2018
A ．11.6%. B ．45. 1%. C ．74.5%. D ．86. 1%.
2 ．Which mode of transport can go green comparatively easily
A ．Planes. B ．Trucks. C ．Trains. D ．Ships.
3 ．What does Wipke suggest regarding energy transition
A ．Limiting fuel consumption. B ．Putting more effort into renewables.
C ．Improving energy efficiency. D ．Making electricity more affordable.
高考英语阅读理解——应用文（广告/通知/海报/行程/手册）解题技巧一、应用文总解题步骤（万能流程） 1. 先看题干，不先读文章 2. 圈定位词：大写人名、地名、数字、年份、专有名词、特殊项目名 3. 回原文快速扫读定位，只看对应段落 4. 答案几乎都是原文原词、同义替换 5. 简单计算、比较、排除，直接出答案 二、应用文 3 类题型 + 逐类技巧 1. 细节查找题（占 70%，最简单） 考法：多少钱、什么时候、在哪里、谁能参加、提供什么、怎么联系 解题技巧： - 只找数字、价格、时间、地点、联系方式 - 看到：date / time / fee / price / address / contact / include 就重点盯 - 答案 90%是原文原词或简单同义改写，不推理、不引申【高考高频定位词】 - on Monday / at 9:00 / for free - cost / fee / price / charge - address / phone / email / website - open from…to … - available to sb.（对谁开放）
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2. 数字计算题 考法：单人多少钱、两人多少钱、优惠、折扣、总费用 技巧： - 先圈：adult / child / family / discount / free / percent - 只看价格区域，画清楚： 成人价、儿童价、是否免费、有无优惠 - 只做简单加减乘除，不会考复杂数学 【高考常考】 - 2 adults + 1 child - buy one, get one free 买一送一 - 10% off 九折 3. 推理判断题考法： - Who is the text for 写给谁看？ - Where is the text probably taken from 出处？ - What can we learn 技巧： 1. 写给谁看（target readers） - 学生 → notice / competition / camp - 游客 → travel / tour - 家长 → parent guide 2. 文章出处 - 广告、活动 → website / poster / brochure - 学校通知 → noticeboard / school website 3. 绝不主观脑补， 能从原文直接推出的才对，推太远必错。
考点二：阅读理解之记叙文
【2025 全国一卷】
In my ninth-grade writing class last year, I met a cowboy who saved his town, a strict father
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who demanded his son earn straight A’s, and a modern-day Juliet who died of heartbreak after her parents rejected the love of her young life. More than once, I found myself wondering just how
my students, who’d created these people, knew their subjects so well.
But things were different for their first essay, which was about the question: “Why is
writing important ” Most of the essays filled less than one page, and few contained a sentence that could be interpreted as a thesis (论点) statement. I was shocked. Then I realized that the problem was the question itself. They could have written pages on the necessity of computers, but writing, in and of itself, simply didn’t strike them as important. This would have to change.
As a new unit started, I asked everyone to write a persuasive piece on a health-related topic of their choice. This time they found the exercise much more interesting. For the next two
assignments, a personal-narrative unit followed by a creative-writing workshop, I only required that the piece meet the specifications of its genre (体裁) and that it contain a thesis. The results were staggering. The students took on diverse topics and turned in stories, 10 to 20 pages each, with characters that broadened my view and touched my heart.
I walked into class believing that writing is important as a means of communication.
However, my students demonstrated something more important to me. When the final bell rang in June, I walked away with a yearbook full of messages about writing’s most powerful significance — the ability to connect people, to put us in another’s skin, to teach us what it means to be human.
4 ．Who are the people mentioned at the beginning of paragraph 1
A ．Ninth graders. B ．Students’ parents.
C ．Modern writers. D ．Fictional characters.
5 ．Why did the students perform poorly in writing their first essay
A ．They were not given enough time. B ．They had a very limited vocabulary.
C ．They misunderstood the question. D ．They had little interest in the topic.
6 ．What does the underlined word “staggering” in paragraph 3 mean
A ．Mixed. B ．Amazing. C ．Similar. D ．Disturbing.
7 ．What does the author’s experience show
A ．Teaching is learning. B ．Still waters run deep.
C ．Knowledge is power. D ．Practice makes perfect.
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高考英语阅读理解——记叙文解题技巧 （一）细节理解题（最简单，送分）问法：What did sb. do when... Why did... 技巧： 1. 题干找关键词 → 回原文定位句子。 2. 答案一般就是： 原文原句 / 同义替换。 3. 凡是：夸大、无中生有、偷换概念、拼凑原文单词，一律排除。 （二）词义猜测题（必考一道） 问法：What does the underlined word “ ...” probably mean 技巧（完全不用背单词）： 1. 看上下文逻辑： 并列（and）→ 意思相近 转折（but/however/yet）→ 意思相反 2. 看感彩： 上下文是积极，就猜积极；消极就猜消极。 3. 看因果、解释： 后面往往有 that is, in other words, which 等解释。 4. 千万别只看字面意思，一定要看语境。 （三）推理判断题（最容易丢分）问法：What can we infer... What does the author suggest... What can we learn from 高考铁律：原文直接照搬的句子，不选（那是细节，不是推理）。 推理必须：基于原文，一步推理，不联想、不脑补、不道德说教。 正确选项特点：委婉、客观、符合逻辑。 错误选项：绝对化（only, all, never, must）、过度推断、与原文相反。 （四）人物情感/态度题 问法：How did the author feel...
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What was his attitude 高考常考情感词（必须认识）： 积极：grateful 感激的 relieved 释然的 optimistic 乐观的 satisfied 满意的 消极：disappointed 失望的 anxious 焦虑的 guilty 内疚的 中性：objective 客观的 doubtful 怀疑的 抓文中：smile, sigh, cry, hesitate, rush, quietly, sadly 这些动作、副词、语气，直接判断情绪。 （五）主旨大意 / 写作意图题（最后做） 问法：What is the main idea of the text What is the author’s purpose in writing... 技巧（绝杀）： 1. 重点看三个位置： - 第一段末尾 - 最后一段（全文主旨都在这） - 转折词后面（but, however, actually） 2. 记叙文主旨只有三类： - 歌颂：善良、爱心、助人 - 成长：勇气、坚持、努力、自信 - 感悟：亲情、陪伴、理解、改变 3. 排除： 太细节、太片面、只概括一段内容的，都不选。
考点三：阅读理解之说明文
【2025 八省联考卷】
Want to learn a new language or get A’s in college exams Previous studies have shown that exercise can help stimulate the areas of the brain that convert (转换) new information into long-term memory. A new study has taken this information one step further and found the best time when exercise can help maximize learning.
Building upon past research that found exercise releases biochemicals that improve mental function, scientists at Radboud University and the University of Edinburgh conducted a study to
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determine when exercise was most beneficial to learning.
Participants — 72 healthy male and female adults — were first asked to perform a
computer test that challenged their visual and spatial learning. After the test, all of the subjects
watched nature documentaries, but two-thirds of them also exercised. Half of the exercisers did
circuit training on an exercise bike for 35 minutes immediately after the test. The other half did the same exercise but not until four hours after they had been tested.
Two days later, all of the participants returned to the lab for a recall test, and they were
connected to MRI (磁共振成像) machines to assess their brain activity. The participants who
exercised four hours after taking the computer test were able to recall what they had learned most accurately. Their brainwaves also showed more consistent levels of activity, indicating that their brains were less taxed to remember what they had learned.
According to this research, the best time to exercise to improve learning is four hours after studying. But why That’s one question the researchers have yet to answer. Another question left unanswered is the level of exercise that might best improve learning. I’ve run enough marathons to prove the fact that my brain is anything but sharp during or after a tough workout. But the
researchers noted that light workouts might not give the brain enough of a biochemical boost to improve learning.
8 ．What did the new study aim to explore
A ．When exercise is best for learning. B ．What biochemicals are good for health.
C ．How brainwaves should be measured. D ．Which area of the brain is the most active.
9 ．What were all the participants asked to do during the experiment
A ．Train on bicycles. B ．Do mathematics exercises.
C ．Play computer games. D ．Watch films about nature.
10 ．Why did the participants return to the lab two days later
A ．To do a medical examination. B ．To have their memory tested.
C ．To get their workouts recorded. D ．To finish their previous tasks.
11 ．What might the author’s marathon running prove
A ．The findings ofthe study are reliable. B ．Long-distance runners are often smart.
C ．Studies on the marathon are not enough. D ．Hard exercise may not sharpen the brain.
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高考英语说明文解题技巧 1. 细节理解题（占比最高） 题干特征：- According to Paragraph X - What is - Why - How 技巧：题干关键词 → 精准定位段落句子 正确答案：原文同义替换 错误答案：无中生有，偷换概念，扩大/缩小范围，绝对化词（all, only, never） 2. 词义/指代猜测题 问法：What does “it / they / this / that” refer to 技巧： 指代题：答案一定在前面一句，很少往后找 生词题：看：因果、转折、定义、举例and / also 前后相近 but / however 前后相反 that is / namely 后面是解释 3. 推理判断题（最难） 问法： What can be inferred What does the author think What can we learn 高考铁律： 原文原句照搬 → 不选 推理只能推一步，不许脑补 正确选项：委婉、客观、科学 错误选项：绝对化、主观臆断、过度拔高、与研究相反 4. 主旨大意题（放最后做） 问法： What is the text mainly about Best title 绝杀技巧：
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1. 重点看： 第一段首尾 每段第一句 最后一段结论 2. 说明文主旨 = 说明对象 + 主要内容/意义 3. 排除： 只讲一段的细节 太大、太空、太小带个人情感的 四、说明文最核心结构（看懂=秒做） 1. 现象 → 原因 → 影响 → 对策 2. 问题 → 实验 → 结果 → 结论 3. 新事物 → 特点 → 优势 → 应用看到这些词立刻盯重点： 研究：study, research, find, show, suggest, conclude 转折重点：but, however, yet, actually 因果：because, therefore, thus, lead to, result in 列举：for example, such as
考点四：阅读理解之议论文
【2025 全国一卷】
While safety improvements might have been made to our streets in recent years, transport
studies also show declines in pedestrian (行人) mobility, especially among young children. Many parents say there’s too much traffic on the roads for their children to walk safely to school, so they pack them into the car instead.
Dutch authors Thalia Verkade and Marco te Br mmelstroet are bothered by facts like these. In their new book Movement: How to Take Back Our Streets and Transform Our Lives, they call for a rethink of our streets and the role they play in our lives.
Life on city streets started to change decades ago. Whole neighbourhoods were destroyed to make way for new road networks and kids had to play elsewhere. Some communities fought back.
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Most famously, a Canadian journalist who had moved her family to Manhattan in the early 1950s led a campaign to stop the destruction of her local park. Describing her alarm at its proposed
replacement with an expressway, Jane Jacobs called on her mayor (市长) to champion “New York as a decent place to live, and not just rush through.” Similar campaigns occurred in Australia in
the late 1960s and 1970s as well.
Although these campaigns were widespread, the reality is that the majority of the western cities were completely redesigned around the needs of the motor car. The number of cars on roads has been increasing rapidly. In Australia we now have over twenty million cars for just over
twenty-six million people, among the highest rate of car ownership in the world.
We invest a lot in roads that help us rush through, but we fail to account for the true costs. Do we really recognise what it costs us as a society when children can’t move safely around our
communities The authors of Movement have it right: it’s time to think differently about that street outside your front door.
12 ．What phenomenon does the author point out in paragraph 1
A ．Cars often get stuck on the road. B ．Traffic accidents occur frequently.
C ．People walk less and drive more. D ．Pedestrians fail to follow the rules.
13 ．What were the Canadian journalist and other campaigners trying to do
A ．Keep their cities livable. B ．Promote cultural diversity.
C ．Help the needy families. D ．Make expressways accessible.
14 ．What can be inferred about the campaigns in Australia in the late 1960s and 1970s
A ．They boosted the sales of cars. B ．They turned out largely ineffective.
C ．They won government support. D ．They advocated building new parks.
15 ．What can be a suitable title for the text
A ．Why the Rush B ．What’s Next
C ．Where to Stay D ．Who to Blame
议论文解题技巧 1. 主旨大意题（必考第一题）问法：
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- What is the main idea of the text - What is the author’s main argument - The best title for the text is 技巧： 1. 重点看三处：第一段最后一句每段首句 最后一段总结 2. 正确答案 = 作者核心观点 3. 排除： 只讲一段的细节太宽泛、太空 只讲别人观点，不是作者观点 2. 作者态度题（高频必考） 问法： What is the author’s attitude towards The author thinks 高考必考态度词（必须背）： 支持：supportive, favorable, positive, approving 反对：negative, critical, disapproving 客观：objective, neutral 怀疑：doubtful, skeptical 乐观/悲观：optimistic, pessimistic技巧： 1. 抓情感词： 好：good, beneficial, valuable坏：bad, harmful, worrying 2. 别人的观点 ≠ 作者态度 只要看到 but / however ，后面才是作者真态度。
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3. 推理判断题（最难） 问法： What can we infer from the text What does the author suggest 铁律： 原文直接抄的句子不选 只合理推一步，不脑补、不道德拔高正确：委婉、客观、理性 错误：绝对化（all, only, must, never）、偏激、主观 4. 细节/论据题问法： Why does the author mention … What is the reason for 技巧： 作者举例子、讲故事、引用研究，只有一个目的：证明自己的观点。答案永远往： 支持论点 / 反对错误观点 / 引出话题 上靠。 四、议论文必抓信号词（看到就圈） 1. 转折（真正观点）：but, however, yet, actually, in fact 2. 因果：because, therefore, thus, as a result 3. 观点：argue, claim, suggest, believe, insist 4. 总结：in short, in conclusion, generally speaking
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一、2025 年高考真题练习
【2025 全国二卷】
English Market Towns to Visit in the UK
English market towns come in many shapes and sizes. Each has a personality shaped by the
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goods and services produced and traded for centuries. But each town has more to do than shop.
Hereford, Herefordshire
Hereford has remained a lively market town since 1189. Skirting the town square, you’ll
find lovely shops, eateries, and the Black and White House Museum. The Hereford Cathedral is
the most impressive building in town. It’s also home to an ancient library. One of the four original copies of the Magna Carta is displayed there.
Ludlow, Shropshire
Ludlow is known as the Foodie Center of England. Butcher shops, greengrocers, bakeries, and cheese shops line the town square. Bordering the square, the Ludlow Castle is a “must
explore” medieval stronghold. The three-day Ludlow Food Festival is held each September.
Shrewsbury, Shropshire
Getting to Shrewsbury Town Center from London is challenging but worth the anxiety. The River Severn has a significant turn through town, almost making an island of Shrewsbury Town
Center. The shape creates a perfect market where goods could be shipped and received using the river as a highway. Flowers are everywhere-hanging baskets, window boxes, and planters-just
what you imagine in an attractive English market town.
Mevagissey, Cornwall
Even if you haven’t been to the small fishing village Mevagissey, you’ve probably seen it in a movie or British TV show. The working harbor (港口) took shape in 1774. Fishermen go out to sea daily and sell their fish in harbor-side markets. Don’t leave the harbor without a traditional Cornish pie. It’s delicious.
16 ．Where can you find an original copy of the Magna Carta
A ．In the Ludlow Castle. B ．In the Foodie Center of England.
C ．In the Hereford Cathedral. D ．In the Black and White House Museum.
17 ．What is a feature of Shrewsbury Town Center
A ．It’s situated near a big island. B ．It’s almost surrounded by water.
C ．It’s known for its flower festival. D ．It’s easily accessible from London.
18 ．What does the author suggest visitors do in Mevagissey
A ．Try the Cornish pie. B ．Watch a British TV show.
C ．Go fishing in the sea. D ．Take pictures of the harbor.
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【2025 八省联考卷】
Jim Johnson, a mail carrier, was an institution in the leafy Westmoreland, Westhaven and
Westover Hills neighborhoods, just north of downtown Wilmington, where he delivered much
more than the mail. He knew all the kids and their pets by name; he carried in the groceries; he
took note of unlocked doors, offered gardening advice, and taught more than a few young boys the art of the curveball. When he wasn’t doing all that, Jim was running across a checkerboard of
green lawns (草坪) to ensure the local postal service did not fall short of its daily promise.
Though the postal service is often disparaged now, the trust in local postal service lives on. In many communities, that trust is won every day when life-saving medicine, greeting cards,
social security checks, college acceptance letters-even the bills-appear in mailboxes in front of the houses.
After more than three decades, Jim approached his final days on the job much like any
other. He drove a boxy postal truck to North DuPont Road for the first unofficial stop of the day. Butch, a dog who belonged to one of the neighbors, was waiting just like every day before. And just like every day before, he got into the jump seat and they were off. On the route, Jim and
Butch had become inseparable. Now, the dog and the mailman would ride off to retirement
together. At every stop, Jim accepted the parting good wishes of families that had become his own. There were tears and laughter, and hugs filled with warm memories.
It’s been 33 years since Jim left the route, but we are still reminded of the deep bond
established between community and letter carrier. That’s what the postal service means to us.
19 ．What do we know about Jim Johnson from the first paragraph
A ．He’s open-minded. B ．He’s sharp-eyed. C ．He’s warm-hearted. D ．He’s strong-willed. 20 ．What does the underlined word “disparaged” in Paragraph 2 mean
A ．Refused. B ．Criticized. C ．Investigated. D ．Suspended.
21 ．What did Jim do besides daily delivery on his final days of work
A ．He drove Butch to its owner. B ．He sent presents to his friends.
C ．He prepared a retirement party. D ．He said goodbye to the neighbors.
22 ．What is the author’s purpose in writing the text
A ．To remember a respected mail carrier. B ．To record an unforgettable experience.
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C ．To raise funds for the postal service. D ．To call for harmony in the community.
【2025 浙江 1 月卷】
A novel design approach to gardening has been gaining in popularity worldwide. Referred to as matrix planting, this approach aims for nature to do a lot more of the heavy lifting in the
garden, and even some of the designing. Eschewing fertilizers (化肥) and power tools, it’s based on an elegantly simple principle: to garden more like nature does.
The concept was born when German city planners sought to plant large areas of parkland after World War II in a reproducible way that would need minimal maintenance. Planners created planting mixes that could be used modularly (模块化). In a matrix garden, plants with similar
cultural needs are grouped so that they will grow together above and below ground, forming a cooperative ecosystem that conserves water and discourages weeds.
Dutch plantsman and designer Piet Oudolf’s gardens popularized this style, adding artistic flavors to the planting mixes while playing with color and form, including four-season interest and serving the needs of wildlife. Beautiful year-round, they invite you to enjoy the smallest detail,
from the sound of grasses in the gentle wind to the sculpture of odd-looking seed heads.
It takes a lot of thought to look this natural. While matrix gardens appear wild, they are
carefully planned, with cultural needs the first consideration. Led by the concept of“right plant, right place,” they match plants that enjoy the same soil, sun and weather conditions, and arrange them according to their patterns of growth.
The benefits are substantial for both gardener and planet. With human inputs dramatically reduced, the garden’s ecology can develop well. Established matrix gardens should not need the life support we give most gardens: fertilizer, dividing, regular pared to traditional garden plots, they increase carbon absorption, reduce stormwater runoff and boost habitat and
biodiversity significantly.
23 ．What does the underlined word “Eschewing” in the first paragraph mean
A ．Running out of. B ．Keeping away from.
C ．Putting up with. D ．Taking advantage of.
24 ．Why was the idea of matrix planting introduced
A ．To control weeds in large gardens. B ．To bring in foreign species of plants.
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C ．To conserve soil and water resources. D ．To develop low-maintenance parkland.
25 ．Which of the following best describes Piet Oudolf’s gardens
A ．Traditional. B ．Odd-looking.
C ．Tasteful. D ．Well-protected.
26 ．Which of the following can be a suitable title for the text
A ．The future of gardening is WILD. B ．Nature treats all lives as EQUALS.
C ．Matrix gardens need more CARE. D ．Old garden plots work WONDERS.
【2025 浙江 I 月卷】
As new technologies take on increasingly humanlike qualities, there’s been a push to make them genderless. “People are stereotyping (形成刻板印象) their gendered objects in very
traditional ways,” says Ashley Martin, a Stanford associate professor of organizational behavior. Removing gender from the picture altogether seems like a simple way to fix this. Yet as Martin has found in her work, gender is one of the fundamental ways people form connections with
objects, particularly those designed with human characteristics.
In her study, Martin asked participants to rate their attachment to male, female, and
genderless versions of a digital voice assistant and a self-driving car known as “Miuu.” It was found that gender increased users’ feelings of attachment to these devices and their interest in purchasing them. For example, participants said they would be less likely to buy a genderless voice assistant than versions with male or female voices.
While gendering a product may be good marketing, it may also strengthen outdated or
harmful ideas about power and identity. The stereotypes commonly associated with men, such as competitiveness and dominance, are more valued than those associated with women. These
qualities, in turn, are mapped onto products that have been assigned a gender.
Martin’s study also found that creating a genderless object was difficult. For instance, if an object’s name was meant to sound genderless, like Miuu, participants would still assign a gender to it — they would assume Miuu was a “he” or “she.”
Martin sees a silver lining, however: She believes that anthropomorphism (拟人化)
“provides an opportunity to change stereotypes.” When women are put into positions of leadership like running companies, it reduces negative stereotypes about women. Similarly,
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anthropomorphized products could be created to take on stereotype-inconsistent roles — a male robot that assists with nursing or a female robot that helps do calculations, for instance.
27 ．What is the purpose of making new technologies genderless
A ．To reduce stereotypes. B ．To meet public demand.
C ．To cut production costs. D ．To encourage competition.
28 ．What were the participants probably asked to do in the study
A ．Design a product. B ．Respond to a survey.
C ．Work as assistants. D ．Take a language test.
29 ．Why is it difficult to create genderless objects
A ．They cannot be mass-produced. B ．Naming them is a challenging task.
C ．People assume they are unreliable. D ．Gender is rooted in people’s mind.
30 ．What does the last paragraph mainly talk about
A ．The quality of genderless products. B ．The upside of gendering a product.
C ．The meaning of anthropomorphism. D ．The stereotypes of men and women.
二、高考模拟真题
Passage1
（2026·山东东营·一模）
Edinburgh, Scotland’s capital, is famous for its lively summer festival and moody gothic architecture — but a short break here offers plenty more besides. This walkable city packs
unforgettable experiences into a single day, from literary trails to fine dining and historic pubs.
8 a.m.: Explore the old town
Craft your own literary trail starting in the Grassmarket. Climb the Miss Jean Brodie Steps to view Edinburgh Castle framed by narrow lanes, and then wander into Greyfriars Kirkyard, a
17th-century cemetery. Sharp-eyed Harry Potter fans will spot familiar names on gravestones, including ones that inspired You-Know-Who.
11 a.m.: Dive into the past
Across from the cemetery is the National Museum of Scotland, whose galleries cover time and continents with a focus on Scottish history and culture. Don’t miss Alexander Graham Bell’s original telephone and a Trainspotting screenplay signed by Ewan McGregor. For a different
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experience, visit Surgeons’ Hall, which showcases Edinburgh’s medical history.
2 p.m.: Head for the river
After morning culture, take a short tram from Princes Street to Leith, which holds a quarter of Scotland’s Michelin-starred restaurants, including Tom Kitchin’s The Kitchin. Its lunch menu features seasonal Scottish fare, such as the lobster from just three bus stops down the coast, which tastes all the better for it. Little wonder Welsh himself is a regular.
7 p.m.: Drink up
No Edinburgh day is complete without a pub stop, and the New Town has great options.
Sherlock Holmes fans should seek out The Conan Doyle, a historic pub near the author’s
birthplace. Step inside and enjoy a refreshing local ale or whisky to wind down after a busy day of exploration.
31 ．Which place will fantasy fiction lovers want to visit
A ．Princes Street. B ．Surgeons’ Hall.
C ．Greyfriars Kirkyard. D ．The New Town.
32 ．Why is Welsh a regular at the Kitchin
A ．It offers fresh lobster. B ．It serves tasty seasonal local food.
C ．It is within walking distance. D ．It is a Michelin-starred restaurant.
33 ．What is the author’s purpose in writing the text
A ．To share personal travel experiences.
B ．To compare Edinburgh’s tourist attractions.
C ．To recommend a one-day trip to Edinburgh.
D ．To advertise Edinburgh’s festival and architecture.
Passage2
（2026·辽宁·一模）
On a cool November 2025 evening, Su Bingtian held up his track shoes after the 15th
National Games men’s 4x100m relay, marking the end of a pioneering career that redefined Asian sprinting (短跑).
Born in 1989, Su started his athletic journey with constant effort to pursue excellence, a trait that would push him to break down long-standing barriers. Prior to 2015, no Chinese male
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sprinter had ever gone below the 10-second mark in the 100m, a milestone widely regarded as the limit of world-class speed. That barrier broke at the 2015 Diamond League in Eugene, United
States, when Su clocked an astonishing 9.99 seconds, becoming the first Chinese man to break through this psychological and physical limit.
His rise to greatness continued uninterrupted. In 2018, at the World Challenge in Madrid,
Su matched the existing Asian record of 9.91 seconds, a feat (功绩) that strengthened his position as a dominant force in international sprinting. Yet, it was at the 2021 Tokyo Olympics that Su
achieved his most important milestone. In the men’s 100m semifinal, he raced through the track in 9.83 seconds — breaking his previous Asian record and becoming the first Chinese male athlete to qualify for an Olympic 100m final. Though he finished sixth in the final, the significance of his
achievement resonated far beyond the result: it proved that Asian sprinters could compete at the
top levels of a sport long dominated by Western athletes. Additionally, Su and his teammates won the bronze medal in the 4 x 100m relay, marking China’s first Olympic medal in a men’s sprint
relay event.
After two decades in the sport, Su announced his retirement in December 2025. His legacy goes beyond records to perseverance — maintaining top form into his mid-30s, an age when most athletes decline, inspired countless young athletes. He transformed Asian sprinting’s global
standing, proving that with perseverance and scientific training, even the toughest barriers can be overcome.
34 ．What was the significance of Su’s run at the 2015 Diamond League
A ．It qualified him for his first Olympic final.
B ．It earned him a bronze medal in the relay event.
C ．It matched the existing Asian record at that time.
D ．It witnessed the first Chinese man breaking the barrier.
35 ．What can be inferred from Su’s performance at the 2021 Tokyo Olympics
A ．He won a gold medal in the men’s 100m final.
B ．Asian sprinters can compete in the men’s 100m final.
C ．He set a new world record in the men’s 100m semifinal.
D ．Asian sprinters took part in the 100m semifinal for the first time.
36 ．What does the underlined word “resonated” in paragraph 3 mean
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A ．Paused. B ．Mattered.
C ．Differed. D ．Faded.
37 ．What is the main idea of the passage
A ．The records and milestones Su set during his career.
B ．Su’s retirement ceremony at the 15th National Games.
C ．The impact of Su Bingtian’s career on Asian athletics.
D ．Su’s journey from a young athlete to a global sprinting legend.
Passage 3
（2026·甘肃武威·模拟预测）
Wildfires are not always harmful to forests. In many ecosystems, fire helps remove
accumulated debris (堆积的枯落物), returns nutrients to the soil, and supports healthy
regeneration. For more than 100 years, the United States has invested billions of dollars in
suppressing (压制) wildfires to protect communities, infrastructure, and sensitive landscapes.
While this approach has reduced immediate risks, it has also limited the natural fires that forests depend on, increasing the likelihood of larger and more intense fires in the future.
New research shows that nearly 38 million hectares of land in the western United States have burned less often than they historically should have. Researchers describe this widespread shortfall as a “fire deficit”.
“Conditions are getting so warm and dry that it’s causing huge amounts of fire compared to the historical record,” said Winslow Hansen, director of the Western Fire and Forest Resilience
Collaborative and scientist at Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies. “However, we are still
observing the tradition of 150 years of fire suppression. Together, drying conditions and overly dense fuels indicate a more challenging and fiery future.”
To identify where fire has been missing, researchers relied on geospatial evidence including soil samples. The data helped establish historical fire return periods, which were then constructed using the Landfire program to compare past fire activity with modern patterns. The researchers
found that 74% of the western United States is now in a “fire deficit”.
Closing that gap will require roughly 3.8 million hectares of forest to burn each year for the next decade. Although the scale of needed burning is daunting, Hansen and his co-workers say it
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can be addressed using a mix of approaches. These include mechanical thinning to remove excess vegetation and leaving some wildfires burning under controlled conditions.
“There are still lots of wildfires that burn today... that are reducing our fuel loads and
revitalizing ecosystems,” said Hansen. “Instead of suppressing those fires and putting them out, we’ve got to let them do good ecological work to help us tackle this challenge when risk is low.”
38 ．What can constantly suppressing wildfires lead to according to paragraph 1
A ．Increased immediate risks. B ．Healthier soil regeneration.
C ．Naturally stable ecosystems. D ．More dangerous future fires.
39 ．What does the new research find about the western United States
A ．Conditions are getting less warm. B ．Fire suppression brings many benefits.
C ．Over half of its land is in need of wildfires. D ．A century-old tradition is left behind.
40 ．Which of the following can replace the underlined word “daunting” in paragraph 5
A ．Unpredictable. B ．Alarming. C ．Artificial. D ．Inappropriate.
41 ．What is Hansen’s advice for addressing low-risk wildfires
A ．Take preventive measures. B ．Call for joint efforts.
C ．Prioritize suppressing them. D ．Let nature take its course.
Passage 4
（2026·黑龙江哈尔滨·一模）
“Individuals ofall ages who have empathy understand that sometimes telling little white
lies can protect other people from getting hurt,” says Barbara Greenberg, a clinical psychologist in Connecticut. “Most people that I have come across tell these little white lies because they
understand that 100 percent honesty all the time is not beneficial.” A white lie, she explains, spares people from unnecessary hurt.
At the same time, Dr. Julia Breur, a marriage and family therapist in Florida, emphasizes the importance of paying attention to the way we respond to someone. The fact is that not telling the truth can result in something unpleasant on you; it’s not just about the person the white lie is being told to. For example, she says someone who always tells others that “all is good” when it
comes to a sick parent in an effort to avoid discussions about how serious their health issue really is, can eventually face stressful experiences. When that parent eventually passes away without a
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chance to plan his or her final life, the person who always gave an “all is good” response ends up emotionally broken.
Sometimes, telling white lies often depends on the situation, Dr. Breur says. For example, consider a woman who has not seen her mother for several months. The daughter has gained
noticeable weight, yet the mother responds by excitedly declaring that she looks great. “I
emphasize during psychotherapy sessions with my patients that context helps define meaning,” Dr. Breur says. “So when we look at the context of a mother saying you look great when she
clearly sees that her daughter has gained weight, it can be acceptable. It reflects the intention of the white lie which is kindness, protection and unconditional love. Otherwise, white lies —
especially when told to avoid personal responsibility — can start a cycle of mistrust between people, ultimately compromising integrity,” she adds.
Therefore, it’s important to ask ourselves when it is and isn’t appropriate to deliver the
honest truth, and when it’s best to step back and offer a more delicate response. More often than not, it’s about finding a balance between the two.
42 ．What can be learned about white lies according to Barbara Greenberg
A ．They are common. B ．They are unidentifiable.
C ．They are trouble-making. D ．They are short-lived.
43 ．What does Dr. Breur want to convey by using the example in paragraph 2
A ．It’s wrong to tell white lies to a seriously ill parent.
B ．White lies can harm both the liars and the listeners.
C ．We must respond to our family members truthfully.
D ．The “all is good” response is effective in dealing with patients.
44 ．Which of the following white lies may Dr. Breur support
A ．A student claims his homework was left at home.
B ．A Dad tells his son their lost pet is living happily on a farm.
C ．An employee blames traffic jam for being late.
D ．A nurse says she has to work overtime so as to decline an invitation.
45 ．Which of the following is the best title for the text
A ．East or West, White Lies Are the Best B ．White Lies Signify Unconditional Love
C ．Think Twice Before Telling White Lies D ．Tell White Lies to Show Your Sympathy
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1 ．C 2 ．C 3 ．B
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了 2018 年不同交通方式的温室气体排放占比，以及飞机、汽车等各类交通工具的未来绿色燃料路径。
1 ．细节理解题。根据图表信息 ROAD VEHICLES 部分中“ROAD (PASSENGER) 45. 1% (道路(客运)45. 1%)” 以及“ROAD (GOODS) 29.4% (道路(货运)29.4%)”可知，道路车辆总占比为45. 1%+29.4%=74.5% ，即道路车辆在 2018 年全球交通排放中占比 74.5% 。故选 C 项。
2．细节理解题。根据图表信息 TRAINS — Electricity 部分中“Some trains are already electrified through rails or wires; others can be made electric in pretty simple ways. (一些列车已经通过轨道或电线实现了电气化；其他火车可以通过非常简单的方式实现电动化)”可知，火车相较其他交通方式更易实现绿色化。故选 C 项。
3 ．细节理解题。根据最后一段中““We need to speed up the development of green energy and it will all get used,” says Wipke. (Wipke 说：“我们需要加速绿色能源的开发，而且这些能源都 会被利用起来。”)”可知，Wipke 建议加大对可再生能源的投入，即加大对绿色能源的投入。故选 B 项。
4 ．D 5 ．D 6 ．B 7 ．A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者作为一名写作课老师，通过教学实践逐渐认识到学生写作动力的来源以及写作真正意义的成长故事。
4 ．细节理解题。根据文章第一段中“In my ninth-grade writing class last year, I met a cowboy who saved his town, a strict father who demanded his son earn straight A’s, and a modern-day
Juliet who died of heartbreak after her parents rejected the love of her young life. More than once, I found myself wondering just how my students, who’d created these people, knew their subjects so well. (去年，在我九年级的写作课上，我结识了一位拯救了自己小镇的牛仔、一位要求儿子门门功课全得 A 的严厉父亲，还有一位现代版的朱丽叶——她在父母拒绝其年少挚爱后心碎而逝。不止一次，我暗自琢磨，这些塑造了这些人物的学生，究竟是如何如此深谙他们笔下的角色的)”可知，这里提到的牛仔、严厉的父亲和现代版的朱丽叶都是学生在写作中创造出来的虚构人物。故选 D。
5 ．推理判断题。根据文章第二段中“Most of the essays filled less than one page, and few
contained a sentence that could be interpreted as a thesis (论点) statement. I was shocked. Then I realized that the problem was the question itself. They could have written pages on the necessity of computers, but writing, in and of itself, simply didn’t strike them as important. (大多数文章篇
答案第 1 页，共 11 页
幅不足一页，几乎没有包含可被视为论点的句子。我感到震惊。随后我意识到问题出在题目本身。他们本可以就电脑的必要性写下数页内容，但写作本身根本没让他们觉得重要)”可推知，学生们在写第一篇作文时表现不佳，是因为他们对写作这个话题本身不感兴趣。故选 D。
6 ．词句猜测题。根据文章第三段中划线词下文“The students took on diverse topics and turned in stories, 10 to 20 pages each, with characters that broadened my view and touched my heart. (学生们选取了多样的主题，交上来的故事每篇都有 10 到 20 页长，其中的人物拓宽了我的视野，也触动了我的心)”可推知，此处指学生们写出了内容丰富、打动人心的故事，与之前的表现形成强烈对比。划线词“staggering”意为“令人惊叹的、惊人的” ，与 B 选项“Amazing (惊人 的)”语义一致。故选 B。
7．推理判断题。通读全文，再根据文章最后一段中“I walked into class believing that writing is important as a means of communication. However, my students demonstrated something more
important to me. When the final bell rang in June, I walked away with a yearbook full of messages about writing’s most powerful significance — the ability to connect people, to put us in another’s
skin, to teach us what it means to be human. (我走进教室时坚信写作作为一种交流方式至关重 要。然而，学生们向我展示了更为重要的东西。当六月的下课铃响起时，我带着一本满是留言的年鉴离开——这些留言诉说着写作最强大的意义：它能连接人与人，让我们换位思考，教会我们身为人类的真谛)”结合全文内容可知，文章通过作者的教学经历，说明她在教导学生的同时， 自己也领悟到写作的真正意义，这一过程体现了“教学相长” 的理念。选项
A“Teaching is learning (教学相长)”符合文中描述的作者通过教学获得的新认识。故选 A。
8 ．A 9 ．D 10 ．B 11 ．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新研究——锻炼可以帮助刺激大脑将新信息转化为长期记忆的区域，以及进行锻炼以最大程度提高学习的最佳时间。
8．细节理解题。根据第一段中“A new study has taken this information one step further and found the best time when exercise can help maximize learning.(一项新的研究更进一步，找到了锻炼有助于最大化学习效果的最佳时间)”可知，新研究旨在探索什么时候锻炼最有利于学习。故选A 项。
9．细节理解题。根据第三段中“After the test, all of the subjects watched nature documentaries(测试后，所有受试者都观看了自然纪录片)”可知，实验要求所有受试者在实验过程中观看自然纪录片。故选 D 项。
答案第 2 页，共 11 页
10 ．细节理解题。根据第四段中“Two days later, all of the participants returned to the lab for a recall test(两天后，所有参与者返回实验室进行回忆测试)”可知，参与者两天后返回实验室是为了进行记忆测试。故选 B 项。
11 ．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“I’ve run enough marathons to prove the fact that my brain is anything but sharp during or after a tough workout.(我已经跑了足够多的马拉松来证明这样一个事实：在艰苦的锻炼过程中或之后，我的大脑一点也不敏锐)”可知，作者通过自己跑马拉松的经历证明，剧烈的锻炼可能不会使大脑变得敏锐。故选 D 项。
12 ．C 13 ．A 14 ．B 15 ．A
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要介绍了西方城市过度围绕汽车设计导致行人流动性下降，尤其是儿童步行减少的现象，并通过历史案例和现状分析呼吁反思街道功能，重视城市宜居性。
12 ．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“While safety improvements might have been made to our
streets in recent years, transport studies also show declines in pedestrian (行人) mobility,
especially among young children. Many parents say there’s too much traffic on the roads for their children to walk safely to school, so they pack them into the car instead. (虽然近年来我们的街道可能已经改善了安全性，但交通研究也表明行人的流动性下降，尤其是年轻儿童。许多家长说，路上的交通太拥挤，他们的孩子无法安全步行上学，所以他们把孩子塞进车里)”可知，作者指出的现象是人们步行减少、开车增多。故选 C。
13 ．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Most famously, a Canadian journalist who had moved her family to Manhattan in the early 1950s led a campaign to stop the destruction of her local park.
Describing her alarm at its proposed replacement with an expressway, Jane Jacobs called on her
mayor (市长) to champion “New York as a decent place to live, and not just rush through.” (最著名的是，一位加拿大记者在 20 世纪 50 年代初举家迁往曼哈顿，她领导了一场阻止当地公园被毁的运动。在描述她对用高速公路取代公园的提议感到震惊时，Jane Jacobs 呼吁她的市长捍卫“纽约作为适宜居住的地方，而不仅是匆匆穿过的通道”)”可推知，加拿大记者和其他运动参与者旨在保持城市宜居性。故选 A。
14 ．推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“Although these campaigns were widespread, the reality is that the majority of the western cities were completely redesigned around the needs of the motor car. The number of cars on roads has been increasing rapidly. (尽管这些运动很普遍，但现实是 大多数西方城市完全围绕汽车需求重新设计。道路上的汽车数量一直在迅速增加)”可推知，
答案第 3 页，共 11 页
20 世纪 60 年代末和70 年代澳大利亚的竞选活动未能阻止汽车发展，基本上没有效果。故
(
。
)选 B
15 ．主旨大意题。通读全文，并根据文章最后一段“We invest a lot in roads that help us rush through, but we fail to account for the true costs. Do we really recognise what it costs us as a
society when children can’t move safely around our communities (我们在帮助我们快速通过的道路上投入了大量资金，但我们没有考虑到真正的成本。我们真的认识到当孩子们不能在我们的社区安全地移动时，我们作为一个社会将会付出什么代价吗)”可推知，本文批判城市过度追求交通效率、忽视行人需求的现象，A 项“Why the Rush (为何匆匆？)”质问“rush through (匆匆通行)”的规划理念，契合主旨，最适合作为本文标题。故选 A。
16 ．C 17 ．B 18 ．A
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了英国值得一游的四个市场小镇及其特色和亮点。
16 ．细节理解题。根据 Hereford, Herefordshire 部分中“The Hereford Cathedral is the most
impressive building in town. It’s also home to an ancient library. One of the four original copies of the Magna Carta is displayed there. (赫里福德大教堂是镇上最令人印象深刻的建筑。它还拥有一座古老的图书馆，《大宪章》的四份原始副本之一便陈列于此)”可知，在赫里福德大教堂可以找到《大宪章》的原始副本。故选 C 项。
17 ．细节理解题。根据 Shrewsbury, Shropshire 部分中“The River Severn has a significant turn through town, almost making an island of Shrewsbury Town Center. The shape creates a perfect
market where goods could be shipped and received using the river as a highway. (塞文河在流经小镇时出现一个明显的转弯，几乎将什鲁斯伯里镇中心变成一座孤岛。这种地形造就了一个绝佳的集市，在这里，人们可以借助这条河流作为运输通道来收发货物)”可知，什鲁斯伯里镇中心几乎被水包围。故选 B 项。
18．细节理解题。根据 Mevagissey, Cornwall 部分中“Don’t leave the harbor without a traditional Comish pie. It’s delicious. (离开港口前一定要尝尝传统的康沃尔馅饼。它很美味)”可知，作者建议游客在梅瓦吉西一定要尝尝康沃尔馅饼。故选 A 项。
19 ．C 20 ．B 21 ．D 22 ．A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了邮递员吉姆·约翰逊在三十多年的邮递生涯中，不仅投递邮件，还与社区居民建立了深厚的情感联系，展现了邮递员与社区之间的深厚情谊。
19 ．推理判断题。根据第一段中“He knew all the kids and their pets by name; he carried in the groceries; he took note of unlocked doors, offered gardening advice, and taught more than a few
答案第 4 页，共 11 页
young boys the art of the curveball.(他知道所有孩子和他们的宠物的名字；他帮忙搬运杂货；
他会注意没有锁的门，提供园艺建议，还教了不少小男孩曲线球的技巧)”可知，吉姆·约翰逊不仅投递邮件，还关心社区居民的生活，提供各种帮助，由此可推知，他是一个热心肠的人。故选 C 项。
20．词句猜测题。根据划线词所在句“Though the postal service is often disparaged now, the trust in local postal service lives on.(尽管现在邮政服务经常受到 disparaged ，但人们对当地邮政服务的信任依然存在)”可知，句中前后文之间是转折关系，“is often disparaged now”与“the
trust...lives on”形成对比。结合选项可推知，disparaged 意为“批评” ，与“信任依然存在”形成对比。故选 B 项。
21．细节理解题。根据第三段中“At every stop, Jim accepted the parting good wishes of families that had become his own. There were tears and laughter, and hugs filled with warm memories.(在每一站，吉姆都接受了那些已经成为他家人的家庭的离别祝福。有泪水，有欢笑，还有充满温暖回忆的拥抱)”可知，吉姆在工作最后几天除了日常投递邮件外，还与邻居们告别。故选D 项。
22 ．推理判断题。根据第一段中“Jim Johnson, a mail carrier, was an institution in the leafy
Westmoreland, Westhaven and Westover Hills neighborhoods, just north of downtown
Wilmington, where he delivered much more than the mail.(邮递员吉姆·约翰逊堪称威尔明顿市中心以北韦斯特莫兰、西黑文及韦斯托弗山绿树成荫街区的标志性人物——他递送的远不止是邮件)” 、最后一段“It’s been 33 years since Jim left the route, but we are still reminded of the
deep bond established between community and letter carrier. That’s what the postal service means to us.(吉姆离开这条路线已经 33 年了，但我们仍然记得社区和邮递员之间建立的深厚联系。这就是邮政服务对我们的意义)”以及全文对吉姆·约翰逊邮递生涯的描述可推知，作者写这 篇文章的目的是为了纪念这位受人尊敬的邮递员。故选 A 项。
23 ．B 24 ．D 25 ．C 26 ．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种新型园艺设计方法——矩阵种植。
23 ．词句猜测题。根据上文“Referred to as matrix planting, this approach aims for nature to do a lot more of the heavy lifting in the garden, and even some of the designing.(这种被称为矩阵种植的方法旨在让大自然在花园中承担更多繁重的工作，甚至承担一些设计工作)”可知，矩阵种植是让大自然自身承接更多的工作；结合常识和划线词所在句“Eschewing fertilizers (化肥) and power tools, it’s based on an elegantly simple principle: to garden more like nature
答案第 5 页，共 11 页
(
、
)does.(Eschewing 化肥和电动工具，它基于一个极其简单的原则：更像大自然那样进行园艺种植)”中“to garden more like nature does”可推知，要像大自然那样进行园艺种植，让大自然自身承接更多的工作，就不需要使用化肥和电动工具。所以划线词“Eschewing” 的意思是“避开远离” ，与“Keeping away from.” 同义。故选 B 项。
24 ．细节理解题。根据第二段中“The concept was born when German city planners sought to
plant large areas of parkland after World War II in a reproducible way that would need minimal
maintenance.(这个概念诞生于二战后，当时德国城市规划者试图以一种可复制且需要最少维护的方式种植大片公园绿地)”可知，引入矩阵种植的想法是为了开发低维护成本的公园绿地。故选 D 项。
25．推理判断题。根据第三段中“Dutch plantsman and designer Piet Oudolf’s gardens popularized this style, adding artistic flavors to the planting mixes while playing with color and form,
including four season interest and serving the needs of wildlife.(荷兰植物学家兼设计师 Piet
Oudolf 的花园推广了这种风格，在种植组合中增添了艺术气息，同时玩转色彩和形态，四 季都有看点，还满足了野生动物的需求)”可知，Piet Oudolf 的花园有艺术气息，很有品味。故选 C 项。
26．主旨大意题。通读全文，根据第一段中“Referred to as matrix planting, this approach aims for nature to do a lot more of the heavy lifting in the garden, and even some of the designing.
Eschewing fertilizers (化肥) and power tools, it’s based on an elegantly simple principle: to
garden more like nature does.(这种被称为矩阵种植的方法旨在让大自然在花园中承担更多繁重的工作，甚至承担一些设计工作。它避开化肥和电动工具，基于一个极其简单的原则：更像大自然那样进行园艺种植)”和最后一段中“With human inputs dramatically reduced, the
garden’s ecology can develop well. Established matrix gardens should not need the life support we give most gardens: fertilizer, dividing, regular pared to traditional garden plots,
they increase carbon absorption, reduce stormwater runoff and boost habitat and biodiversity
significantly.(随着人类投入的大幅减少，花园的生态系统可以良好发展。成熟的矩阵花园不需要我们给予大多数花园的维持手段：化肥、分株、定期浇水。与传统花园地块相比，它们增加了碳吸收，减少了雨水径流，并显著改善了栖息地和生物多样性)”可知，文章主要介绍了矩阵种植这种新型园艺设计方法，它让花园更接近自然、野生的状态，未来园艺可能会朝着这种更自然、野生的方向发展。故 A 项“The future of gardening is WILD(园艺的未来是自然的)”能概括文章主旨，适合做文章标题。故选 A 项。
答案第 6 页，共 11 页
27 ．A 28 ．B 29 ．D 30 ．B
【导语】本文为说明文。文章讲述了新技术呈现人类特质时人们试图使其去性别化，但性别是人们与物体建立联系的基本方式，且创造无性别物体很难，拟人化或能改变刻板印象。
27．细节理解题。根据第一段中“‘People are stereotyping (形成刻板印象) their gendered objects in very traditional ways, ’ says Ashley Martin, a Stanford associate professor of organizational
behavior. Removing gender from the picture altogether seems like a simple way to fix this. (斯坦福大学组织行为学副教授阿什利·马丁说：“人们以非常传统的方式对有性别的物品形成刻板印象。”完全去除物品的性别似乎是解决这个问题的简单方法)”可知，人们对有性别的物品存在刻板印象，让新技术无性别化的目的是减少这种刻板印象。故选 A 项。
28．细节理解题。根据第二段中“In her study, Martin asked participants to rate their attachment to male, female, and genderless versions of a digital voice assistant and a self driving car known as
‘Miuu. ’ (在她的研究中，马丁让参与者对数字语音助手和名为‘Miuu’ 的自动驾驶汽车的男性、女性和无性别版本的喜爱程度进行评分)”可知，参与者被要求对不同版本的产品进行评价，这类似于对调查做出回应。故选 B 项。
29 ．细节理解题。根据第四段中“Martin’s study also found that creating a genderless object was difficult. For instance, if an object’s name was meant to sound genderless, like Miuu, participants would still assign a gender to it — they would assume Miuu was a ‘he’ or ‘she.’ (马丁的研究还发现，创造无性别对象很困难。例如，如果一个物品的名字听起来是无性别化的，比如
Miuu，参与者仍然会给它赋予一个性别——他们会认为 Miuu 是‘他’或‘她’)”可知，因为性别观念根深蒂固在人们的脑海中，所以即使物品本身试图设计成无性别，人们还是会赋予其性别，这导致创造无性别对象很困难。故选 D 项。
30 ．主旨大意题。根据最后一段中“Martin sees a silver lining, however: She believes that
anthropomorphism (拟人化) ‘provides an opportunity to change stereotypes. ’ (然而，马丁看到了一线希望：她认为拟人化‘提供了改变刻板印象的机会’)” 以及后文所举的例子可知，最后一段主要讲了赋予产品性别有积极的一面，即可以通过拟人化改变刻板印象。故选 B 项。
31 ．C 32 ．B 33 ．C
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要为读者推荐了爱丁堡一日游的行程，介绍了当地的文学景点、文化博物馆、特色美食和历史酒吧。
31 ．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Craft your own literary trail starting in the Grassmarket. Climb the Miss Jean Brodie Steps to view Edinburgh Castle framed by narrow lanes, and then
答案第 7 页，共 11 页
wander into Greyfriars Kirkyard, a 17th-century cemetery. Sharp-eyed Harry Potter fans will spot familiar names on gravestones, including ones that inspired You-Know-Who.(从格拉斯市场出发，开启您的文学之旅吧。爬上 Miss Jean Brodie Steps，欣赏被狭窄小巷环绕的爱丁堡城堡美景。然后漫步进入 Greyfriars Kirkyard ，那里是 17 世纪的公墓。眼光敏锐的《哈利·波特》粉丝们会发现墓碑上有着熟悉的名字，其中包括一些给了“神秘人”灵感的名字。)”可知，奇幻小说爱好者会想去 Greyfriars Kirkyard 。故选 C。
32 ．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Its lunch menu features seasonal Scottish fare, such as the
lobster from just three bus stops down the coast, which tastes all the better for it. Little wonder
Welsh himself is a regular.(餐厅的午间菜单主打苏格兰时令风味，例如来自海岸线外仅三站公交距离的龙虾，因产地之近而愈发鲜美。难怪 Welsh 本人也是常客)”可知，Welsh 是餐厅常客，是因为这里提供美味的时令当地食物。故选 B。
33 ．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“This walkable city packs unforgettable experiences into a
single day, from literary trails to fine dining and historic pubs.(这座适合步行的城市在一天内就能带来难忘的体验，从文学步道到精致餐饮再到历史酒吧。)” 以及全文按时间顺序介绍爱丁堡一日游的各个环节，可推知作者写这篇文章的目的是推荐爱丁堡一日游行程。故选 C。
34 ．D 35 ．B 36 ．B 37 ．D
【导语】本文是一篇人物传记类记叙文。文章主要讲述了苏炳添从年轻运动员成长为全球短跑传奇人物的职业生涯历程、取得的成就及影响。
34 ．细节理解题。根据第二段中“That barrier broke at the 2015 Diamond League in Eugene,
United States, when Su clocked an astonishing 9. 99 seconds, becoming the first Chinese man to
break through this psychological and physical limit.(在美国尤金举行的 2015 年钻石联赛上，这一障碍被打破，当时苏炳添跑出了惊人的 9.99 秒，成为第一个突破这一心理和身体极限的中国男子)”可知，苏炳添在 2015 年钻石联赛上的表现意义在于见证了第一个中国男子突破极限。故选 D。
35 ．推理判断题。根据第三段中“Though he finished sixth in the final, the significance of his
achievement resonated far beyond the result: it proved that Asian sprinters could compete at the
top levels of a sport long dominated by Western athletes.(尽管他在决赛中获得了第六名，但他所取得成就的意义远远超出了比赛结果：这证明了亚洲短跑运动员可以在一项长期以来由西方运动员主导的运动中竞争顶级水平)”可知，从苏炳添在 2021 年东京奥运会上的表现可以推断出亚洲短跑运动员可以参加男子 100 米决赛。故选 B。
答案第 8 页，共 11 页
36 ．词句猜测题。根据第三段中“Though he finished sixth in the final, the significance of his
achievement resonated far beyond the result: it proved that Asian sprinters could compete at the
top levels of a sport long dominated by Western athletes.(尽管他在决赛中获得了第六名，但他所取得成就 resonated 远远超出比赛结果：这证明了亚洲短跑运动员可以在一项长期以来由西方运动员主导的运动中竞争顶级水平)”可知，尽管苏炳添在决赛中排名第六，但他成就的意义远超出了比赛结果，即其意义重大，B 选项 mattered“重要，有关系”符合语境。故选 B。
37．主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第一段中“On a cool November 2025 evening, Su Bingtian held up his track shoes after the 15th National Games men’s 4x100m relay, marking the end of a
pioneering career that redefined Asian sprinting (短跑).(2025 年 11 月一个凉爽的傍晚，在第 15届全运会男子 4x100 米接力赛后，苏炳添举起了他的跑鞋，标志着他重新定义了亚洲短跑的开创性职业生涯的结束)”可知，文章主要讲述了苏炳添从年轻运动员成长为全球短跑传奇人物的职业生涯历程、取得的成就及影响。故选 D。
38 ．D 39 ．C 40 ．B 41 ．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。美国长期投入巨资扑灭野火，虽降低了短期风险，却导致其西部 74%的地区出现“火灾赤字”。研究指出，气候变干燥与可燃物过度堆积共同加剧了未来火灾风险。科学家建议，未来十年需通过机械疏伐和可控焚烧相结合，以平衡生态并降低灾害隐患。
38 ．细节理解题。根据第一段“While this approach has reduced immediate risks, it has also
limited the natural fires that forests depend on, increasing the likelihood of larger and more intense fires in the future.(虽然这种方法降低了当前的火灾风险，但同时也限制了森林所需的自然火灾的发生，从而增加了未来发生更大规模、更猛烈火灾的可能性)”可知，不断压制野火可能会导致未来发生更危险的火灾。故选 D。
39 ．细节理解题。根据第二段“Researchers describe this widespread shortfall as a “fire
deficit” .(研究人员将这种普遍存在的不足现象称为“火灾赤字”)”及第四段“The researchers
found that 74% of the western United States is now in a “fire deficit” .(研究人员发现，如今美国西部地区有 74%的区域处于“火灾赤字”状态)”可知，新研究发现，美国西部一半以上的地方存在“火灾赤字”情况。故选 C。
40 ．词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“Closing that gap will require roughly 3.8 million hectares of forest to burn each year for the next decade.(要弥合这一差距，未来十年每年大约需要有 380 万公顷的森林被烧毁)”以及 although 表示转折，可推断，未来十年每年大约需要有 380 万公顷
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的森林被烧毁，故以及画线词所在句的句意是“尽管所需焚烧的规模令人担忧，但 Hansen 及其同事表示，可以通过多种方法相结合来解决”。故画线词的意思与“令人担忧” 的意思接近。故选 B。
41 ．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Instead of suppressing those fires and putting them out, we’ve got to let them do good ecological work to help us tackle this challenge when risk is low.(与其试图扑灭这些火势并将其扑灭，不如让我们允许它们