2017最新高三总复习（专题攻略）之词汇、短语与句型：高考英语词汇、短语与句型—锁定高考

高考英语词汇、短语与句型—锁定高考（一）生活
1.【2016天津卷】4.
It
is
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )important
to
pay
your
electricity
bill
on
time,
as
late
payments
may
affect
your
______.
A.
condition
B.
income
C.
credit
D.
status
2.【2016江苏卷】24.—
Can
y
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ou
tell
us
your_____for
happiness
and
a
long
life
—
Living
every
day
to
the
full,
definitely.
A.
recipe
B.
record
C.
range
D.
receipt
3
.【2015·浙江】15.
One
o
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )f
the
most
effective
ways
to
reduce
_____
is
to
talk
about
feeling
with
someone
you
trust.
A.
production
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
B.
stress
C.
energy
D.
passive
4.（2014江西卷）33.
It
i
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s
unbelievable
that
Mr.
Lucas
leads
a
simple
life
__his
great
wealth
.
A.
without
B.
despite
C.
in
D.
to
5.（2014江苏卷）24.
To
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )m
always
goes
jogging
in
the
morning
and
he
usually
does
push-ups
too
to
stay____.
A.
in
place
B.
in
order
C.
in
shape
D.
in
fashion
6.【2016天津卷】I
live
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
next
door
to
a
couple
children
______often
make
a
lot
of
noise.
A.whose
B.why
C.where
D.which
7.【2016北京卷】The
most
pl
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )easant
thing
of
the
rainy
season
is
_____
one
can
be
entirely
free
from
dust.
A.
what
B.
that
C.
whether
D.
why
8.【2015·福建】29
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ).
—I
wonder
______
Mary
has
kept
her
figure
after
all
these
years.
—By
working
out
every
day.
A.
where
B.
how
C.
why
D.
If
9.（2014天津卷）4
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )._______
you
start
eating
in
a
healthier
way,
weight
control
will
become
much
easier.
A.
unless
B.
Although
C.
Before
D.
Once
10.（2014浙江卷）15.
Cat
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hy
had
quit
her
job
when
her
son
was
born
_______
she
could
stay
home
and
raise
her
family.
A.now
that
B.
as
if
C.
only
if
D.
so
that
【答案与解析】
1.【答案】C
【解析】试题分析：句意：
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )准时付电费很重要，因为付晚了会影响你的信用。Condition条件；income收入；credit学分，信用（卡）。根据句意故选C。
2.【答案】A
【解析】试题分析：考
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )查名词词义辨析。名词recipe秘诀，食谱，药方；record记录；range范围；receipt收据，收条；根据句意知A项意为“秘诀”，与上下文相符。
3.【答案】B【解析】考查名词。句意：
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )一种最有效的减压方法就是和你觉得信任的人说说你的感受。A产品，B压力，C能源，D力量。考查4个名词的词义辨析，需要正确理解该句的语义。根据常识可以知道，和别人谈心应该来说是减压。故选B压力。
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
6.【答案】A【解析】试题分析
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )：题目考查定语从句的关系词。a
couple是先行词，这对夫妻的孩子很吵，children和couple是所属关系，故用whose作定语，相当于the
children
of
whom，故选A。
7.【答案】B
【解析】试题分析：题目
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )考查表语从句。句意：雨季最令人愉悦的就是人们可以完全不再受到沙尘的困扰。Is后跟从句作表语，即表语从句，表语从句不缺少主语、谓语和宾语，因此用that，只起引导作用，故选B。
8.【答案】B【解析】考查宾语从句。句中I
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )是主语，wonder是谓语，how引导的宾语从句在整个句子中做宾语。连接副词how是宾语从句中的方式状语。答句用表示方式的介词by介词短语来回答，所以是针对方式题提问的，故用how。根据句意：—我想知道玛丽在这些年是怎么保持她的身材的。—通过每天锻炼(来保持的)。故选C。
9.【答案】D【解析】考察状
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )语从句连词辨析。
unless除非…；如果…不…；although尽管；before在…之前；once一旦，曾经；句义：一旦你开始以一种健康的方式吃饭，控制体重就会变得更加容易。根据句义可知once表示“一旦”，引导条件状语从句。故D正确。
10.【答案】D【解析】考察状语从句连
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )词辨析。本题中的连词短语now
that既然；as
if似乎，好像；only
if只要…；so
that以至于，结果是；句意：当Cathy的儿子出生的时候，Cathy一句辞职了，以至于他可以待在家里抚养孩子。根据句意可知本句中的so
that引导的是一个目的状语从句，从句中常常会有其他动词can等。根据句意说明D项正确。
（二）校园
1.【2016天津卷】I
love
t
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he
weekend,because
I_____
get
up
early
on
Saturdays
and
Sundays.
A.
needn’t
B.
mustn’t
C.
wouldn’t
D.
shouldn’t
2.【2015·江苏】32.
Some
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )schools
will
have
to
make
______
in
agreement
with
the
national
soccer
reform.
A.
judgments
B.
adjustments
C.
comments
D.
achievements
3.【2015·江苏】22.
Sch
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ools
should
be
lively
places
where
individuals
are
encouraged
to
______
to
their
greatest
potential.
A.
accelerate
B.
improve
C.
perform
D.
develop
4.（2014陕西卷）14.
The
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Scottish
girl
_____
blue
eyes
won
the
first
prize
in
the
Fifth
Chinese
Speech
Contest.
A.
by
B.
of
C.
in
D.
with
5.（2014浙江卷）13.
The
a
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )im
of
education
is
to
teach
young
people
to
think
for
themselves
and
not
follow
others
_
.
A.
blindly
B.
unwillingly
C.
closely
D.
carefully
6.（2014大纲卷）27.
Ra
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ymond’s
parents
wanted
him
to
have
______
possible
education.
A.
good
B.
better
C.
best
D.
the
best
7.（2014福建卷）25.
It
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )is
widely
acknowledged
that
students
should
be
____
in
terms
of
overall
quality.
A.
supported
B.
matched
C.
evaluated
D.
controlled
8.（2014天津卷）9.
My
pa
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rents
always
_______
great
importance
to
my
getting
a
good
education.
A.
have
B.
attach
C.
accept
D.
pay
9.【2016天津卷】2.
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )The
dictionary
is
______:
many
words
have
been
added
to
the
language
since
it
was
published.
A.
out
of
c
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ontrol
B.
out
of
date
C.
out
of
sight
D.
out
of
reach
10.（2014福建卷）22.
Our
c
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )lub
is
open
to
everyone
____
age,
sex
or
educational
background.
A.
due
to
B.
except
for
C.
along
with
D.
regardless
of
11.（2016浙江卷）--Are
you
sure
you're
ready
for
the
best
--_________.
I'm
well
prepared
for
it.
A.
I'm
afraid
not
B.
No
problem
C.
Hard
to
say
D.
Not
really
12.（2014安徽卷）21．—Reading
is
the
best
way
to
pass
time
on
the
train.
—______,
I
never
go
traveling
without
a
book.
A．You
are
joking
B．That's
true
C．I
don't
think
so
D．It
sounds
like
fun
13.（2014陕西卷）11.
—
I
got
that
job
I
wanted
at
the
public
library.
—
___________!
That’s
good
news.
A.
Go
ahead
B.
Cheers
C.
Congratulations
D.
Come
on
14.（2014天津卷）10
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ).
---How
long
have
you
been
learning
English ——About
four
months.
----_________!
Your
English
is
so
good.
A.
You
can’t
be
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )serious
B.
You
got
it
C.
I
couldn’t
agree
more
D.
I’m
stuck
15.【2015·陕西】16.
—Sir,
could
I
hand
in
my
homework
a
bit
late
—
______,
since
you’ve
been
unwell
these
days.
A.
You
can’t
be
serio
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )us
B.
I’m
afraid
not
C.
Good
idea
D.
Well,
all
right
【答案与解析】
1.【答案】A
【解析】试题分析：题目
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )考查情态动词。句意：我喜欢周末，因为周六和周日我不需要早起。A.
needn’t不需要；B.
mustn’t禁止；C.
wouldn’t不愿；D.
shouldn’t不应该。根据句意可知，周六、周日不用早起，故选A。
2.【答案】B【解析】考查名词。句
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )意：为了与国家的足球改革相适应，一些学校必须做出调整。A判断，决断；B调整；C评价，评论；D成就。故选B。本题侧重考査在特定的语境中辨析名词词义的能力。四选项都能跟前面的动词make搭配。因此，除了要充分利用特定语境理解词义，还应注意多积累可以跟同一动词搭配的名词。另外还可利用固定搭配排除C.make
comments
on对……做出评价评论，缩小正确答案的范围。
3.【答案】D【解析】考查动词。句意：学校应该是鼓励个体最大限度地发展潜能的地方。A加速，加快；B改善，提高；C表现；D发展。故选D。
4.【答案】D【解析】考察介词短
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )语。本题中的with表示有，佩戴；其余三个介词都没有这个用法。句义：能够长着蓝眼睛的苏格拉女孩在第五届汉语演讲比赛里得到了第一名。故D正确。
5.【答案】A【解析】考察副词词义辨析
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )。副词blindly盲目地，没有目的地；
unwillingly不愿意地；closely亲密地；紧密地；carefully细心地；句意：教育的目的是教会别人自己思考而不是盲目地追随他人。根据句意说明A正确。
6.【答案】D【解析】考察形容词用
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )法和常识。句义：Raymond的父母亲想要他得到最好的可能的教育。本句是常识，父母亲当然希望自己的孩子能够得到最好的教育，有最好的发展前途。故D正确。
7.【答案】C【解析】本题考察的是动
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )词词义辨析。Support支持；match相配，比得上；evaluate评价，估价；control控制；句义：广泛认为应该根据全面素质来评价学生。根据句义可知C项符合上下文语境。
8.【答案】B【解析】本题考察的是动词
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )固定搭配。Have拥有；attach使…附着；accept接受；pay付钱；B项构成固定搭配attach
sth
to
sth把…依附到…之上；
attach
importance
to重视…；句义：我的父母亲很重视让我得到良好的教育。根据句义说明B正确。
9.【答案】B
【解析】
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )试题分析：句意：这本字典过时了：自从它被出版，很多单词背增加到这个语言中。A.失去控制；B.过时的；C看不见的；D.够不着的。根据句意，故选B。
10.【答案】D【解析】本题考察的
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )是介词短语辨析。Due
to由于，因为；except
for除…之外（强调整体与局部的关系）；along
with和…一起；regardless
of不管…不顾…（侧重于不考虑，不关注…）；句义：不管年龄，性别或教育程度，我们俱乐部向所有人开放。根据句义可知D项符合上下文语境。
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
13.【答案】C【解析】
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )本题四个选项中的交际用语都是平时常考的内容。A去做吧！B举杯敬酒的用语；谢谢；再见；振作起来；C祝贺你；D加油；得了吧！加油：—我得到了公立图书馆里的那份我想要的工作。—祝贺你。根据句义可知对方梦想成真。所以要祝贺对方。故C正确。
14.【答案】A【解析】本题考察的
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )是交际用语。A你不是认真的吧！B你明白了。C我非常同意；D我被难住了。句义：—你学英语多长时间了？—大约4个月。—你不是认真的吧！你的英语太好了。根据句义说明A正确。
15.【答案】D【解析】考查交际
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )用语。句意：—老师，我可以迟一些交我的作业吗？—好的，因为你最近身体一直不好。You
can’t
be
serious你一定是开玩笑吧!；I’m
afraid
not恐怕不行；Good
idea好主意；Well，all
right好啊，行。所以选D。
（三）旅游交通
1.【2015·安徽】22.
If
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
you
come
to
visit
China,
you
will
______
a
culture
of
amazing
depth
and
variety.
A.
develop
B.
create
C.
substitute
D.
experience
2.【2015·北京】21
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ).
______
the
early
flight,we
ordered
a
taxi
in
advance
and
got
up
very
early.
A.Catching.
B.Caught.
C.To
catch.
D.Catch
3.（2014重庆卷）7.
S
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he
drove
so
fast
at
the
turn
that
the
car
almost
went
___
the
road.
A.on
B.
along
C.from
D.
off
4.（2014天津卷）15.
________
the
morning
train,
he
would
not
have
been
late
for
the
meeting.
A.
Did
he
catch
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )B.
should
be
catch
C.
has
he
caught
D.
Had
he
caught
5.【2015·陕西】2
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )5.
Peter
will
______
his
post
as
the
head
of
the
travel
agency
at
the
end
of
next
month.
A.
take
up
B.
put
up
C.
add
up
D.
break
up
6.【2015·重庆】5.
—I
can
drive
you
home.
—______,
but
are
you
sure
it’s
not
too
much
trouble 21世纪教育网
A.
That
woul
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d
be
great
B.
Don’t
bother
C.
I’m
afraid
not
D.
Take
care
7.【2015·浙江】20.
—Wh
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y
don’t
you
consider
a
trip
to,
say,
Beijing
or
Hangzhou
一______.
A.
I
wouldn’t
mind
that
B.
Then
we’ll
get
there
quickly
C.
Let’s
call
it
a
day
D.
It’s
not
a
requirement
8.【2015·重庆】8.
We
mu
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )st
find
out
______
Karl
is
coming,
so
we
can
book
a
room
for
him.
A.when
B.
how
C.
where
D.
why
9.【2015·湖南】26.
You
h
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ave
to
know
______
you’re
going
if
you
are
to
plan
the
best
way
of
getting
there.
A.
what
B.
that
C.
where
D.
who
10.（2014北京卷）29._______
the
forest
park
is
far
away,
a
lot
of
tourists
visit
it
every
year.
A.
As
B.
When
C.
Even
though
D.
In
case
【答案与解析】
1.【答案】D【解析】考查动词。句意：如果你
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )来中国旅游，你将会体验到一种博大精深的文化。A.发展，培养；B.创造;
C.代替；D.经历。故选D项。本题考査动词辨析。四个选项都是常见的动词，考生不难理解其意思，另外，句意也较为简单，结合句意不难看出是“体验中国文化的深度和多样性”。
2.【答案】C【解析】考查非谓
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )语动词。句意：为了赶上早班的飞机，我们提前叫了出租车并且起得很早。这里逻辑主语是we，空中用不定式作目的状语，表示提前叫出
3.【答案】D【解析】本题考察的是
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )动词go加上不同的介词或副词构成的动词短语的意义辨析。短语go
on进行；go
along进行，进展，沿着….；go
off停止运转，突然大作（铃声）；句意：在拐弯处他开得如此之快，以至于他的汽车几乎在路上停了下来（由于甩尾）。根据句意可知D项符合上下文。
4.【答案】D【解析】本题实
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )际上是一个条件状语从句的虚拟语气，表示与过去事实相反。条件句中使用“过去完成式”，主句使用“情态动词+have
done”；当条件句中的if省略的时候，要把had提前形成部分倒装。句义：如果他赶上了早班火车，他就不会开会迟到了。故D正确。
5.【答案】A【解析】考查动词短语。句意：彼
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )得在这个月底将从事旅行社负责人的职位。A拿起，开始从事；B竖立；搭建；C加起来；D结束，分解。故选A。
6.【答案】A【解析】考查交际用语。句意：
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )—我搭载你回家。—太好了，但你确定没给你添麻烦吗？根据“are
you
sure
it’s
not
too
much
trouble ”可知表示同意，故选A。
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
8.【答案】A
【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )我们必须弄明白卡尔什么时候来，以便我们能给他预定房间。find
out
后面跟着宾语从句。根据句意宾语从句用when。
9.【答案】C【解祈】考查宾语
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )从句。分祈可知：know后接宾语从句。宾语从句的连接词有连接代词和连接副词，连接代词有：who,
whom,
whose,
which,
what,
在句中做主语、宾语、定语或表语。连接副词有：when,
where,
why,
how,在句中做状语。“You’re
going
if
you
are
to
plan
the
best
way
of
getting
there.”是完整句，故应用连接副词来引导从句。句意：若你要计划去那里的最隹方案，那你就得知道你要去什么地方。故选C。
10.【答案】C【解析】本题的状语从句连词都
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )是常用的连词。As由于，因为；随着；when当…时；even
though即使，尽管；in
case以防；句意：即使那个森林公园很遥远，但是每年都有很多游客到那里参观。根据句意可知上下文之间有转折关系，所以使用even
though表示让步转折关系。故C正确。