【聚焦中考】2017中考英语(四川)总复习-第二轮 语法考点聚焦 第25讲 数词 (2份打包)

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名称 【聚焦中考】2017中考英语(四川)总复习-第二轮 语法考点聚焦 第25讲 数词 (2份打包)
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更新时间 2016-11-26 08:33:23

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(共17张PPT)
第25讲 数 词
中考对数词的考查主要有以下四点:
1.基数词和序数词的用法;
2.日期、时间、年龄、编号等的用法;
3.分数的表达;
4.hundred,thousand,million,billion的用法。
1.基数词的构成
①1~12独立成词:one,two,three,four,five,six,seven,eight,nine,ten,eleven,twelve。
②13~19的基数词以 teen结尾。要注意thirteen,fifteen,eighteen的拼写。
③表示整“十”的基数词:20~90的基数词都以 ty结尾。其中特别要注意twenty,thirty,forty,fifty,ninety的正确写法。
④21~99的写法是:十位数加个位数,中间用连字符号“ ”连接。如:26
twenty six;57
fifty seven。
⑤101~999的构成是:百位数与十位数之间用and连接。如:123 one
hundred
and
twenty three。
⑥hundred,thousand,million,billion等词在表示确定数目的时候,直接在前面加基数词;表示不确定数目时,要在它们后面加s,其后还要加of。如:
three
hundred
students三百名学生
thousands
of
students成千上万的学生
高频考向一 基数词
2.基数词的用法
①表示数量的多少。
②表示年份。1988读作nineteen
eighty eight
③表示时刻。7:00读作seven
o'clock
8:30读作half
past
eight/eight
thirty
3:05读作five
past
three/three
five
5:48读作twelve
to
six/five
forty eight
④表示顺序。单数名词+基数词,名词的第一个字母通常要大写。如:
Class
Two;Room
12;No.3
Middle
School
注:“单数名词+基数词”可转换成“the+序数词+单数名词”,此时名词的第一个字母不大写。如:
Lesson
Three=the
third
lesson。
高频考向一 基数词
⑤“数词+单数名词”相当于合成形容词作定语(如:a
three year old
girl)。合成形容词中的名词一定是单数。合成形容词不能作表语,后面必须跟所修饰的名词。
⑥与表示时间、距离、长度的名词一起构成“数词+单位名词+形容词”,表示事物的形状、年代及距离等。如:ten
years
old,3600
meters
long。
⑦“几十”的基数词复数形式可用来表示某人约几十岁或年代。如:
In
his
sixties,he
rode
a
bike
round
the
world.
The
light
was
invented
in
the
1870s.
⑧与another,more连用时,表示在已有基础上再增加—定数量。如:
another
three
hours,two
more
cakes。
高频考向一 基数词
【例1】
A
quarter
to
four
is
________.(2015,张家界)
A.3:15   B.3:45   C.4:15   
解析:a
quarter
to
four表示四点差一刻,即3:45。
答案:____
【例2】
Please
turn
to
page
________
and
take
a
look
at
the
picture
on
it.(2016,广东)
A.the
eightieth
B.eighty
C.eighties
D.eightieth
解析:结合题干和选项可知,此处应用数词构成编号,结构应为“page+基数词”。
答案:____
高频考向一 基数词
B
B
【例3】
Tony's
mum
looks
young
and
beautiful.It's
hard
to
imagine
she
is
already
in
her
________.(2015,苏州)
A.fifties
B.fifty
C.fiftieths
D.fiftieth
解析:表示某人约几十岁的时候,应用基数词的复数形式。
答案:____
高频考向一 基数词
A
1.序数词的构成
①序数词多数是由“基数词+th”构成。如:six→sixth,seven→seventh等。
②以y结尾的整十的数词,先将y改为i,再加 eth。如:fifty→fiftieth,seventy→seventieth等。
③21以上的非整十的数词,将末位数(即个位数)改为序数词,其他的位数仍用基数词。如:
twenty one→twenty first,thirty two→thirty second,two
hundred
and
ninety eight→two
hundred
and
ninety eighth等。
④少数的序数词属于特殊情况,而且这类词也常常是考点,大家要特别注意记忆。如:
one→first,two→second,three→third,five→fifth,eight→eighth,twelve→twelfth。
注:fourteenth(第十四),fortieth(第四十),ninth(第九),nineteenth(第十九),ninetieth(第九十)。
高频考向二 序数词
2.序数词的用法
①表示顺序。序数词表顺序时,其前须用定冠词the,后接单数名词。
如:I'm
the
first
one
to
arrive
here.
注:如序数词前出现人称代词,则不加the。定语从句中先行词之前有序数词时,则关系代词只能用that。如:
Today
is
my
thirtieth
birthday.
②用于最高级前。如:
John
is
the
second
tallest
boy
in
our
class.
③分数。分子用基数词,分母用序数词。分子为1,分母用单数,分子大于1,分母用复数。如:
one
fifth,three
fifths。
—些习惯用法:1/4也可表示为a
quarter,3/4也可表示为three
quarters,1/2也可表示为a
half。
高频考向二 序数词
④带分数的词组作句子的主语时,谓语动词的单复数与分数后的名词保持一致。如:
Two
fifths
of
the
apple
is
eaten.这个苹果被吃了五分之二。
Two
fifths
of
the
apples
are
red.五分之二的苹果是红的。
⑤表示数量上再增加“一”,用:a(an)+序数词+单数名词。如:
She
had
a
second
child.她有了第二个孩子。
高频考向二 序数词
【例4】—The________Brazil's
Olympic
games
will
be
held
on
August
5.(2016,咸宁)
—________exciting
news
for
the
long
summer
vacation!
A.thirty one;How
a
B.thirty first;What
C.thirty first;What
an
D.thirty one;How
解析:句意:——第三十一届巴西奥运会将在8月5日举行。——对于漫长的暑假来说,这是多么激动人心的消息啊!第一空作定语,修饰名词,表示次数,故用序数词thirty first。感叹句的结构:What+形容词+名词+主谓语!How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语!第二空是感叹句,修饰名词短语exciting
news,故用词what。
答案:____
高频考向二 序数词
B
【例5】
Kate
is
a
school
girl.She
got
many
presents
on
her
________
birthday.(2015,凉山)
A.nine
B.the
ninth
C.ninetieth
D.ninth
解析:表示某人的第几个生日应用序数词,且前面已有代词修饰,故不能再用定冠词。
答案:____
高频考向二 序数词
D
①hundred,thousand,million,billion的运用。在构成具体的数字时,用单数形式。如:two
hundred
students,表达不具体的多数时用其复数。如:thousands
of
students(成千上万的学生)。
②与another,more连用时,表示在已有基础上再增加一定数量。如:another
three
hours或three
more
hours。
③“一两天”可表达为:a
day
or
two或one
or
two
days;
有关“半”的表达:three
years
and
a
half或three
and
a
half
years三年半;half
an
hour半小时;one
hour
and
a
half/one
and
a
half
hours一个半小时。
高频考向三 数词中的难点
【例6】It's
reported
that
people
throw
________
plastic
bags
along
this
street
every
day.(2015,南充)
A.hundred
B.hundreds
C.hundred
of
D.hundreds
of
解析:hundreds
of为固定结构,意为“许多的;大量的”。
答案:____
高频考向三 数词中的难点
D
【例7】________
Kobe’s
fans
watched
his
final
match
and
________
of
them
were
men.(2016,乌鲁木齐)
A.Million
of;three
fourths
B.Three
millions;third
four
C.Millions
of;three
fourths
D.Three
million;third
fours
解析:当表达分数时,分子用基数词,分母用序数词。分子大于1时,分母(序数词)加 s。million与具体数字连用时,其后不加 s,也不加of;million与of连用时,表示不确切的数目,其后加 s。
答案:____
高频考向三 数词中的难点
C考点跟踪突破25 数词
1.More
than
two
__A__
trees
are
planted
in
our
neighborhood
every
year.(2016,淮安)
A.hundred
B.hundreds
C.hundreds
of
D.hundred
of
2.There
are
__C__
tourists
visiting
the
island
on
May
Day
every
year.(2016,新疆)
A.two
thousands
of
B.two
thousands
C.thousands
of
D.thousand
of
3.Meimei
is
going
to
be
an
older
sister.Her
parents
are
planning
to
have
their
__D__
child.(2016,重庆)
A.one
B.two
C.first
D.second
4.—Welcome
to
Los
Angeles.Have
you
ever
been
here
—Sure.I
visited
this
city
three
years
ago
so
this
is
my
__B__
time
here.(2016,温州)
A.first
B.second
C.third
D.fourth
5.There
are
__C__
doctors
in
this
hospital,________
of
them
are
women
doctors.
A.two
hundred,two
fifth
B.two
hundreds,two
fifth
C.two
hundred,two
fifths
D.two
hundreds,two
fifths
6.In
this
test,we're
asked
to
write
a
passage
of
about
__C__.
A.80 words
B.80 word
C.80
words
D.80
words'
7.The
workers
will
complete
the
new
bridge
in
__A__.(2016,郴州)
A.two
and
a
half
months
B.two
months
and
half
C.two
and
a
half
month
8.—Excuse
me,sir.Here's
a
package
for
Lin
Tao.Which
room
does
he
live
in
—__B__.
A.380
Room
B.Room
380
C.The
Room
308
D.The
308
Room
9.—“Food
Safety”
has
become
one
of
the
hottest
topics
recently.
—Yeah,it
receives
__C__
Internet
hits(点击)
a
day.
A.thousands
B.thousand
of
C.thousands
of
D.ten
thousands
10.They
are
the
students
of
__B__.
A.grade
7
B.Grade
7
C.7th
grade
D.Grade
7th
11.—How
was
your
weekend
—Great!It
was
my
grandfather's
__B__
birthday.We
enjoyed
ourselves.
A.seventy
B.seventieth
C.the
seventieth
D.seventeenth
12.The
number
of
the
cars
in
our
neighbourhood
is
about
eight
__A__,and
________
of
them
are
new
cars.
A.hundred;two
thirds
B.hundred;two
third
C.hundreds;two
thirds
D.hundreds;two
third
13.—Is
this
your
__C__
visit
to
my
hometown,Zhengzhou
—No,I've
been
here
for
many
times.
A.one
B.the
first
C.first
D.once
14.—We
will
have
a
__A__
holiday
next
month,let's
have
a
trip
to
Mount
Emei.
—That's
great.
A.three day  B.three days  C.three days'
15.There
are
__B__
days
in
a
year.
A.three
hundred
sixty
and
five
B.three
hundred
and
sixty five
C.three
hundreds
and
sixty five
D.three
hundreds
sixty five
16.—How
many
hours
do
you
sleep
every
night
—About
__A__
hours
from
9:00
p.m
to
6:00
a.m.(2016,济南)
A.nine
B.nineteen
C.ninth
D.ninety
17.__D__,my
grandfather
was
a
worker
in
a
shoe
factory.
A.In
1970's
B.In
1970s
C.In
the
1970s'
D.In
the
1970s
18.Tom,a
__C__
boy,can
speak
English
quite
well.He
wants
to
learn
________
language
next
term.
A.twelve years old;second
B.twelve
year
old;the
second
C.twelve year old;a
second
19.—Excuse
me.How
many
students
in
your
class
want
to
work
as
teachers
in
the
future
—__A__.
A.Twelve
B.The
twelve
C.Twelfth
D.The
twelfth
20.—I've
cut
the
cake
into
__D__
pieces.Which
piece
do
you
want
—The
________
one.
A.five;two
B.fifth;two
C.fifth;second
D.five;second