课件19张PPT。第32讲 非谓语动词中考对非谓语动词的考查主要有：
1．动名词和动词不定式作主语；
2．动名词和动词不定式作表语，宾语；
3．动词不定式作宾语补足语；
4．动词不定式作目的状语；
5．固定短语搭配。高频考向一 动词不定式
1．构成：to＋动词原形，即：to do形式。其否定形式为：not to do。如：
The teacher tells me to finish my homework after school.老师告诉我放学后完成我的家庭作业。
2．动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，因此在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语。高频考向一 动词不定式?作主语
To help the old is our duty.帮助老人是我们的职责。
注意：动词不定式作主语时，为了保持句子的平衡，往往用it作形式主语，而把不定式短语置于谓语动词之后。
①“It's＋ adj.＋of sb.＋不定式”表示“某人(做某事)……”。这一句型中常用表示性质、品格的形容词，常用的有good(好的)，kind(友善的)，nice(好的)，polite(有礼貌的)，clever(聪明的)，foolish(愚蠢的)，lazy(懒惰的)，careful(细心的)，careless(粗心的)，right(正确的)，wrong(错误的)等。如：
It‘s kind of you to help me.你帮了我，你真好。
②“It's＋ adj.＋for sb.＋不定式”表示“做某事对某人来说……”。常用的形容词有difficult(困难的)，easy(容易的)，hard(艰难的)，dangerous(危险的)，safe(安全的)，useful(有用的)，pleasant(舒适的)，interesting(有趣的)等。如：
It's dangerous for you to climb that tall tree.对你来说，爬上那棵高树是危险的。高频考向一 动词不定式
?作表语
To eat is to live，but to live is not to eat.吃饭是为了活着，但活着并不是为了吃饭。
?作宾语
常接不定式作宾语的动词有：decide(决定)，expect(期望)，forget(忘记)，hope(希望)，pretend(假装)，try(尽力)等。如：
I want to borrow your bike.我想借你的自行车。高频考向一 动词不定式?作宾语补足语
常接不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：ask(要求)，tell(告诉)，want(想要)，teach(教)，wish(希望)，help(帮助)，warn(警告)，invite(邀请)，encourage(鼓励)等。如：
Tina told her sister to turn down the TV.蒂娜告诉她的姐姐把电视机的音量调小点。
She asked me to answer the phone while she was out.当她出去的时候，她叫我接电话。高频考向一 动词不定式?作定语
动词不定式作定语时，常置于被修饰名词之后作后置定语，且被修饰的名词与不定式的动词有动宾关系或介宾关系。如：
He wants some water to drink.他想要些水喝。(动宾)
He has no friends to talk with.他没有可以与之交谈的朋友。(介宾)
注意：①当不定式修饰的名词是time，place或way时，不定式后的介词习惯省去。如：
He had no place to live(in)．他没地方住。
②有些名词常用不定式作定语。如：
a chance to go to school上学的机会
no time to think about rest没时间考虑休息
a way to learn(of learning)English学习英语的一种方法高频考向一 动词不定式?作状语
They ran over to welcome us.(表目的)
他们跑过来欢迎我们。
Paul is too excited to say anything.(表结果)
保罗激动得说不出话来。
I'm sorry to trouble you.(表原因)
很抱歉打扰你。
注意：有些动词不定式在使用时，要省去to。具体有：
①在动词let，feel，see，look at，watch，have，make，notice，hear等动词后，动词不定式作宾语时，要省略to。但在变被动语态时，省略的to要加上。如：
I heard someone knock at the door.我听到有人在敲门。
We saw him enter the room.我们看到他进了房间。高频考向一 动词不定式②在would you please，had better，why not，would rather等结构的句型后，要用不带to的不定式。如：
Would you please make your bed？请整理下你的床，好吗？
You'd better go to bed early.你最好早点睡觉。高频考向一 动词不定式3．特殊疑问词＋动词不定式
能接不定式的疑问词有：what，which，how，who，when，where等。它们可以在句中作主语、宾语和表语。如：
I don't know what to do.我不知道该做什么。
I don't know how to do it.我不知道该怎么去做这事。
I don't know what to do about it.关于这件事，我不知道该做些什么。
The question is who to go.问题是谁去。高频考向一 动词不定式【例1】 We should thank the man.He always does what he can ________ us.(2016，眉山)
A．helps B．to help C．help D．helping
解析：考查动词不定式做目的状语。句意为“我们应该感谢那个人。他总是尽他所能来帮助我们。”动词不定式做目的状语。
答案：____
【例2】 I can't tell you what she said.I've promised ________ it a secret.(2016，上海)
A．keep B．to keep C．keeping D．kept
解析：此处考查动词短语promise to do sth，保证做某事，promise后接不定式。
答案：____BB高频考向一 动词不定式【例3】 —What does the sign mean?
—It tells us________in public.(2016，咸宁)
A．didn't smoke B．don't smoke
C．not to smoke D．not smoke
解析：句意：——这个标志是什么意思？——它告诉我们在公众场所不要吸烟。根据短语tell sb not to do sth“告诉某人不要做某事”，故此处为动词不定式not to smoke。
答案：____C高频考向二 动名词动名词具有名词的性质，在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、定语等。如：
Saying so much is useless.说那么多没用。(主语)
My greatest pleasure is traveling.我最大的乐趣是旅游。(表语)
She enjoys going to the cinema.她喜爱看电影。(宾语)
There is a swimming pool here.这儿有一个游泳池。(定语)
注意：(1)初中阶段常见的接动名词的动词或动词短语有：enjoy(喜欢)，finish(完成)，keep(保持)，practice(练习)，mind(介意)，suggest(建议)，avoid(避免)，be busy(忙于)；be worth(值得)，can't help(禁不住)，give up(放弃)，be used to(习惯于)，stop/prevent/keep...from(阻止)，look forward to(盼望)；feel like(想要)；be good at(擅长)；be interested in(对……感兴趣)；succeed in(成功)等。高频考向二 动名词(2)有些动词既可接不定式也可接动名词形式作宾语，但表达的意思不同。如：高频考向二 动名词高频考向二 动名词【例4】 —You look tired!
—Why not ________ a rest？(2016，攀枝花)
A．stop to have B．stopping having
C．stop having D．stopping to have
解析：“why not＋动词原形”意为“为什么不……”；stop to do sth.“停下来做另一件事情，”stop doing sth.“停止做正在做的事情。”由句意可知，是停下工作去休息。答案：____ A高频考向二 动名词【例5】 After she finished ________ the story，Alice wrote a review for her school newspaper.(2016，上海)
A．read B．reads C．to read D．reading
解析：本题考查固定短语finish doing sth，表示结束做某事。后一句是Alice写了一篇读后感，表示是做另一件事，after为时间介词，引导的句子做时间状语，因此可推知是结束了做某事之后，应该为finish doing sth。
答案：____D考点跟踪突破32 非谓语动词
1．I hope everyone can care about __A__ the environment and stop ________ things.(2016，西宁)
A．protecting；wasting B．protecting；to waste
C．protect；wasting D．protect；to waste
2．I bought a big box __B__ books for kids in poor areas.(2016，长春)
A．collects B．to collect
C．collect D．collected
3．—Jane's spoken English is pretty good.
—Yeah，she works hard and practices __C__ it both in and out of class.(2016，长沙)
A．spoke B．to speak C．speaking
4．Seeing their teacher __D__ into the classroom，they stopped ________ at once.
A．walk；telling B．entering；to speak
C．enter；to tell D．walking；talking
5．Can you hear someone __C__ in the classroom？It is Mary.(2015，威海)
A．sing B．sings C．singing D．sang
6．So far the exchange program has brought many foreigners to China __B__ Chinese.
A．study B．to study
C．studying D．studied
7．Tom's mother told him __B__ eating too much meat.
A．stopping B．to stop
C．stops D．stopped
8．Sarah，you'd better drink more water after __D__ for such a long time.(2016，广州)
A．run B．runs C．to run D．running
9．—Where is Tom?
—He is practicing __B__ English ________ he can win the speech competition.(2016，木鲁木齐)
A．to speak；in order to B．speaking；so that
C．speaking；in order to D．to speak；so that
10．When you leave，please turn off the light __D__ energy.
A．save B．saving C．saved D．to save
11．—Why don't you watch TV at home?
—I'd love to，but my mother doesn't allow me __C__ that.(2015，呼和浩特)
A．do B．did C．to do D．doing
12．—Mum，I'm afraid I can't win the competition.
—Believe in yourself，my boy，and tell yourself
__B__.
A．to give up B．not to give up
C．to give away D．not to give away
13．Why not __C__ your teacher for help when you can't finish ________ the story by yourself？(2015，乌鲁木齐)
A．to ask；write B．to ask；writing
C．ask；writing D．asking；to write
14．—What would you like __C__ for your mum on Mother's Day?
—A dress.
A．buy B．buying C．to buy D．buys
15．Don't forget __D__ thanks when other people help you.
A．accept B．to accept
C．say D．to say
16．—We don't have enough money for our field trip.What shall we do?
—The best way __B__ money is to sell newspapers.
A．raise B．to raise C．raising
17．—Would you like __B__ camping with me?
—I'd like to.But I'm busy ________ my homework.
A．to go；to do B．to go；doing
C．going；to do D．going；doing
18．—What do you usually have for breakfast?
—I used to __A__ dumplings，but these days，I'm used to ________ bread and milk.(2016，滨州)
A．eat；having B．eating；having
C．eating；have D．eat；have
19．Many old men prefer __B__ in the peaceful countryside.
A．to liveing B．living
C．live D．lived
20．—What should I do __D__ the animals?
—Why not ________ up a program?
A．save；to set B．to save；to set
C．to save；to set D．to save；set
21．—Hi，Mr.Zhang，do you often come here to climb the mountain?
—Yes，__A__ exercise.You see，I'm healthier than before.(2016，鄂州)
A．to get B．getting C．get D．gets
22．—I tried to make Alice__D__her mind but I found it difficult.(2016，呼和浩特)
—Well，I saw you________ that when I went past.
A．changed；do B．changes；doing
C．change；to do D．change；doing
23．This weekend our class will go to a mountain near our city __C__ trees.(2016，资阳)
A．plant B．planted
C．to plant D．planting
24．How kind you are！You always do what you can __D__ others.(2016，绵阳)
A．help B．helping C．helps D．to help
25．These rules are made __B__ the disabled.(2016，兰州)
A．protect B．to protect
C．protected D．protecting
