课件15张PPT。第38讲 定语从句中考对定语从句的考查主要集中在定语从句的功能，结构和关系词的用法上，重点考查由that，which，who引导的定语从句。高频考向一 定语从句的关系词定语从句在句中作定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系代词who，whom，that，which，whose或关系副词when，where，why等引出。
①who，whom，that代替的先行词是指人的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等。如：
Is he the man who/that wants to see you？他是想见你的那个人吗？
He is the man(who/whom/that)I saw yesterday.他是昨天我看到的那个人。高频考向一 定语从句的关系词②which，that代替的先行词是指代事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等。如：
Mary likes music that/which is quiet and gentle.玛丽喜欢轻柔的音乐。
The coat(that/which)I put on the desk is blue.我放在桌子上的外套是蓝色的。
③whose用来指人或物，在句中只用作定语，如：
Please pass me the book whose cover is green.请把封面是绿色的那本书递给我。
④关系副词有when，where，why，它们在句中作状语。如：
I'll never forget the days when we studied together.我永远忘不了我们一起学习的那些日子。
This is the city where my father worked ten years ago.这是我爸十年前工作的城市。
Do you know the reason why he was late for school?
你知道他上学迟到的原因吗？高频考向一 定语从句的关系词【例1】 —I really want to relax myself.Could we see City Danger tonight?
—Sure！The actor ________ a hero used to be a school-teacher.I like him very much.(2016，黄冈)
A．who play B．which plays
C．who plays D．that play
解析：分析空格所在句子结构可知，这是含有定语从句的复合句，________ a hero为定语从句，修饰the actor。先行词the actor指人，所以关系代词用that或who；先行词the actor是单数，所以从句谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。
答案：____C高频考向一 定语从句的关系词【例2】 —Which song do you like better，Maria?
—I prefer the song Manual of Youth ________ is sung by TFBOYS.(2016，滨州)
A．which B．who
C．whom D．where
解析：首先分析句子结构，本句中的is sung by TFBOYS在复合句中作定语从句，其中先行词the song Manual of Youth指物，且在定语从句中做逻辑主语，所以关系代词用that/which。
答案：____A高频考向一 定语从句的关系词【例3】 This is the primary school ________ I studied three years ago.
A．where B．when C．that D．which
解析：先行词school在定语从句中作studied的地点状语。
答案：____A高频考向二 关系词只能用that而不用which的情况①当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时。如：
This is one of the most exciting football games that I have ever seen.这是我所看过的最激烈的一场足球赛。
②当先行词被序数词修饰时。如：
The first thing that you could do was to turn off the light.你首先要做的就是关灯。
③当先行词为all，everything，nothing，something，anything，little，much，none等不定代词时(something后也可用which)。如：
All that we have to do for our students is to tell them how to speak English in class.我们要为学生做的所有的事情就是告诉他们如何在课上说英语。
I'm going to buy everything that I need.我要去买我所需要的一切东西。高频考向二 关系词只能用that而不用which的情况④当先行词前面有only，just，very，any，no等词修饰时。如：
That's the only thing that we can do now.那是我们现在唯一能做的事情。
⑤当先行词既指人又指物时。如：
They are talking about things and persons that they remembered.他们正在谈论他们所能回忆起来的人或事。高频考向二 关系词只能用that而不用which的情况【例4】 The Palace Museum is the best place ________ I've ever visited.
A．that B．which C．where D．what
解析：在先行词place前有形容词最高级best修饰，关系词只能用that。
答案：____
【例5】 Look at the boy and his dog ________ are coming this way.
A．who B．which C．that D．whom
解析：先行词既指人又指物时，关系代词用that。
答案：____AC高频考向二 关系词只能用that而不用which的情况【例6】 Great changes have taken place in our city in the past ten years.Everything ________ comes into sight is so new to me.(2016，广东)
A．that B．which C．who D．whom
解析：分析题干可知，此处是含有定语从句的复合句。________comes into sight是定语从句，先行词是不定代词everything，只能用that引导定语从句。
答案：____A高频考向三 关系词只能用who(whom)而不用that的情况①当先行词为all，any或其合成词或a few且指人时。如：
Anyone who breaks the law will be punished.任何违法的人都会受到惩罚。
②当先行词为that，this，those或these且指人时。如：
Those who hadn't bought the tickets for the train crowded in the waiting hall.那些还没买着票的人挤在候车厅里。
③当先行词在定语从句中作宾语或表语时，在口语中用who或whom引导均可，但如直接位于介词后作宾语时，只能用whom。如：
The guest (who/whom) I'll first introduce to you is a little girl.我首先要介绍给你们的客人是一位小姑娘。
I met a few friends of mine，among whom was my old classmate.我遇见几位朋友，其中一位是我的老同学。高频考向三 关系词只能用who(whom)而不用that的情况【例7】 Success will belong to those ________ never say “impossible”．
A．whom B．what
C．who D．which
解析：先行词是those，故关系代词用who。
答案：____C考点跟踪突破38 定语从句
1．—I'd like to read some Chinese classics.Any suggestion?
—Journey to the West.It's a book __C__ is about Monkey King.(2016，厦门)
A．what B．who C．that
2．Great changes have taken place in our city in the past ten years.Everything __A__comes into sight is so new to me.(2016，广东)
A．that B．which C．who D．whom
3．Theaters may have a brighter future if they can provide a movie experience__A__people cannot get at home.(2016，河南)
A．that B．who C．whom D．what
4．—Shakespeare(莎士比亚)is a great writer __B__ is considered as a genius (天才)．
—I think so.Many people around the world admire him very much.(2016，哈尔滨)
A．when B．who C．which
5．Lily doesn’t know__D__she and her friends can do to help the little boy________parents have left their hometown for making money.
A．that；whose B．how；who
C．what；who D．what；whose
6．—Who won the first prize in English speech contest?
—The prize went to the girl __C__ speech was the most natural and fluent.(2016，鄂州)
A．that B．who C．whose D．不填
7．—Which invention do you like best?
—QQ.It is an invention __B__ can help us communicate with others online freely.(2016，郴州)
A．what B．that C．who
8．—What are you doing，Tim?
—I am listening to the song Long Live __A__ makes me feel excited.(2016，长沙)
A．which B．who C．/
9．The earth is the planet __B__ provides us with everything we need，fresh air，clean water and so on.It's our duty to protect it.(2016，山西)
A．who B．that C．where
10．Is there anything __C__to you？(2015，梅州)
A．that is belong B．that belong
C．that belongs D．which belongs
11．I hate people __A__ laugh at others when they are in trouble.(2015，梅州)
A．who B．whom C．which D．they
12．The photo __D__ taken by my brother last week is very nice.(2015，呼和浩特)
A．which were B．that is
C．that were D．which was
13．Everyone __C__ has been to Shanghai says it is a modern city.(2015，德州)
A．why B．whose C．who D．which
14．I think the first lesson __A__ we are learning is very easy.
A．that B．where C．who D．when
15．The red skirt __A__ my mother bought for me is made of cotton.(2015，孝感)
A．that B．when C．who D．whose
16．I know a place __C__ we can have a big meal.
A．that B．which C．where D．what
17．I've found some pictures of the most interesting places __B__ you can visit during the winter holidays.
A．where B．which C．what D．that
18．I'll remember the old buildings __B__ I visited in the village.
A．where B．which C．who
19．—Do you like listening to Zhang Jie's songs __C__ are very loud and full of energy?
—Of course！I'm his fan.(2015，营口)
A．who B．what C．which D．whose
20．Sandy likes the actors __A__ are popular among teenagers.(2015，龙东)
A．who B．which C．whom
21．Language learning isn't hard itself.The attitude__C__you have decides if you can learn it well at last.(2015，哈尔滨)
A．what B．who C．which
22．—What do you think of lemon？(2015，鄂州)
—Terrible.I like fruit __C__ tastes sweet.
A．who B．what C．which D．when
23．I will never forget the song __D__ she sang last night.(2015，崇左)
A．who B．what C．when D．that
24．—Can you remember the people and the things__B__impressed you most in 2016?
—Sure，some of them.
A．who B．that C．which D．whom
