2017最新高三总复习（专题攻略）之时态语态：过去进行时 Word版含解析

( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
1.
定义
过去进行时常表示过去某一时刻或过去某一阶段内正在进行的动作。
2.
构成：was/were
+doing
3.
过去进行时的基本句型
肯定式：
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )I
was
working.
He/She/it
was
working.
We
were
working.
疑问式：Were
you
working
Was
he/she/it
working
Were
we
working
否定式：I
was
not
working.
He/she/it
was
not
working.
We
were
not
working.
4.
过去进行时的基本用法
1)
过去进行时表示过去某一时间正在进行的动作，常和表过去的时间状语连用。
I
was
doing
my
homework
at
this
time
yesterday.
昨天的现在这个时间我正在做作业。
They
were
expecting
you
yesterday.
昨天他们一直在等你。
2)
过去进行时可与
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )soon,
the
next
moment,
in
minutes,
minutes
later等时间状语连用，表示一个新的动作刚刚开始。
Soon
the
whole
town
was
talking
about
it.
很快这件事情就在全城讨论开了。
3)
过去进行时可用来申述原因或用作借口，这种用法常用在口语中。
—Have
you
finished
your
homework,
Mary
Mary，你做完作业了吗？
—No,
I
was
helping
my
mother
in
the
kitchen
all
day
yesterday.
没有，昨天一整天我都在厨房帮助我的妈妈。
4)
过去进行时可用来为一个后一系列动作的发生提供背景。
I
hurt
my
leg
when
I
was
riding
a
bike.
我在骑车时把腿摔坏了。
5)
过去进行时可表示过去未曾实现的愿望或打算，这时be动词was/were要重读。
I
was
writing
him
a
letter
this
morning
and
forgot
all
about
it.
今天早上一在给他写信，完全忘记这件事了。
He
was
watching
the
p
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )lay
yesterday,
but
he
was
too
busy.
他昨天本打算看表演，可是他太忙了。
5.
一般过去时和过去进行
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )时的区别
1)
一般过去式常表示在过去某时发生的动作或存在的状态（包括过去习惯动作），常与一般过去时连用的时间状语有just
now,
a
moment
ago,
yesterday,
last
week(month,
year),
the
day
before
yesterday及表示过去的时间状语从句。
I
was
sixteen
years
old
last
year.
我去年16岁。
He
worked
in
a
factory
in
1986.
他1986年在一个工厂里工作。
I
met
her
in
the
street
the
day
before
yesterday.
我前天在大街上碰到了她。
He
often
swam
in
the
river
when
he
was
young.
他年轻的时候经常在这条河里游泳。
2)
过去进行时表示过去某一段时间或某一时刻正在进行的动作。常与之连用的时间状语有：at
that
time/moment,
(at)
this
time
yesterday
(last
night/Sunday/week…),
at+点钟+yesterday
(last
night
/
Sunday…)，when
sb.
did
sth.等时间状语从句。
What
were
you
doing
at
seven
p.m.
yesterday
昨天七点你在做什么？
I
first
met
Mary
three
years
ago.
She
was
working
at
a
radio
shop
at
the
time.
我第一次遇到Mary是在三年前。她那时在一个收音机商店上班。
I
was
cooking
when
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )she
knocked
at
the
door.
她敲门时我正在做饭。
3)
一般过去时往往表示某一动作已经完成，而过去进行时却表示动作在持续或未完成。
I
saw
you
while
you
were
speaking
to
the
teacher.
你跟你的老师说话时，我看到你了。
误区提醒
有的过去时间状语既可用于一般过去时
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，也可用于过去进行时，但含义不同。
She
wrote
a
letter
to
her
friend
last
night.（信写完了）
She
was
writing
a
letter
to
her
friend
last
night.（信不一定写完）
6.
过去进行时的时间状语
1)
when和while引导的状语从句中，强调某个动作正在进行的过程中时要用进行时态，while表示一段时间，因此它所引导的状语从句中，谓语动词常用进行时态。
When/While
we
were
having
supper,
the
light
went
out.
我们正在吃饭时，停电了。
2)
when用作并列连词时，主句
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )常用进行时态，从句则用一般过去时，表示主句动作发生的过程中，另一个意想不到的动作发生了。
I
was
walking
in
the
street
when
someone
called
me.
我正在街上走的时候，有人叫住了我。
7.
下
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )面几种情况不用一般过去时而要用过去进行时
1)
表示过去某一阶段暂时性的习惯动作时。
Tom
was
getting
up
at
six
o’clock
every
day
that
week.
那周Tom每天6点起床。
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )2)
与always连用表示赞美，厌烦等感彩时。
John
was
always
coming
to
school
late.
John上学总是迟到。
Lei
Feng
was
always
doing
good
deeds
for
the
people.
雷锋总是乐于助人。
3)
用来描写故事发生的情景时。
It
was
a
dark
night.
The
wind
was
blowing
hard
and
the
rain
was
falling
heavily.
A
PLA
man
suddenly
appeared
on
the
river
bank.
He
wanted
to
cross
the
river.
漆黑的夜晚，狂风大作，大
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )雨滂沱，一位中国人民解放军突然出现在河畔，他想渡河。
4)
when作并列连词，表示“（这时）突然”之意时，第一个并列分句用过去进行时，when引导的并列分句用一般过去时。
I
was
taking
a
walk
when
I
met
him.
遇到他时，我正在散步。
We
were
playing
outside
when
it
began
to
rain.
下雨时我们正在外边玩耍。
5)
go,
come,
leave,
start,
arrive等动词可用过去进行时表示过去将来的含义。
I
was
leaving
for
Wuhan
that
day.
那天我正打算去武汉。
8.
过去进行时表示婉转语气（只限于want,
hope,
wonder
等动词），用以提出请求。
I
was
wondering
if
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )you
could
help
me.
我在想你是否能够帮助我。
I
was
hoping
you
could
send
me
home. 我希望你能送我回家。
常见考法
1.
对过去进行时基本用法的考查；
2.
过去进行时和一般过去时的搭配表达。
误区提醒
1.
对过去进行时的时间状语不熟悉，机械理解；
2.
主从句时态的搭配错误。
小试牛刀
1.
Mary
_______
a
dress
when
she
cut
her
finger.
A.
made
B.
is
making
C.
was
making
D.
makes
2.
As
she
_______
the
newspaper,
Granny
_______
asleep.
A.read;
was
falli
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ng
B.
was
reading;
fell
C.
was
reading;
was
falling
D.
read;
fell
3.
Tom
_______
into
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the
house
when
no
one
_______.
A.
slipped;
was
looking
B.
had
slipped;
looked
C.
slipped;
had
looked
D.
was
slipping;
looked
【答案及解析】
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )3.
A【解析】常见的表达是：Mother
was
cooking
supper
when
I
got
home.主句是一般过去时而从句是过去进行时。此题受之影响而犯错。正确答案A。