2017最新高三总复习（专题攻略）之时态语态：过去完成时 Word版含解析

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1.
概念：表示过去的过去
构成：had
+过去分词
2.
用法
1)
在told,
said,
knew,
heard,
thought等动词后的宾语从句中；
She
said
(that)
she
had
never
been
to
Paris.
她说她从来没有去过巴黎。
2)
状语从句为过去时，主句动作发生在前时；
When
the
police
arrived,
the
thieves
had
run
away.
警察到的时候，贼已经逃跑了。
3)
用hope,
wish,
expe
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think,
intend,
mean,
suppose等的过去完成时表示"原本…，未能…"
We
had
hoped
that
you
would
come,
but
you
didn't.
我们希望你能来，可是你没有。
3.
过去完成时的时间状语before,
by,
until
,
when,
after,
once,
as
soon
as。
He
said
that
he
had
learned
some
English
before.
他说他之前学过一袭英语。
By
the
time
he
was
tw
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Edison
had
began
to
make
a
living
by
himself.
十二岁时，Edison就开始养活自己了。
Tom
was
disappointed
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most
of
the
guests
had
left
when
he
arrived
at
the
party.
Tom赶到聚会地点时，大多数的宾客已经走了，他很失望。
4.
用一般过去时代替完成时
1)
两个动作如按顺序发生，又不强调先后，或用then,
and,
but
等连词时，多用一般过去时。
When
she
saw
the
mouse,
she
screamed.
My
aunt
gave
me
a
hat
and
I
lost
it.
2)
两个动作相继发生，可用一般过去时;如第一个动作需要若干时间完成，用过去完成时。
When
I
heard
the
news,
I
was
very
excited.
当我听到这个消息时，我很兴奋。
3)
叙述历史事实，可不用过去完成时，而只用一般过去时。
Our
teacher
told
us
that
Columbus
discovered
America
in
1492.
我们的老师告诉我们，Columbus于1492年发现了美洲大陆。
5.
表示在过去某一时间或某一动作发生之前已经完成的动作，即“过去的过去”。
By
the
end
of
last
term,
we
had
learned
2,000
words.
到上学期末时，我们已经学了2,000个词。
He
had
left
before
I
got
home.
他在我回来之前就走了。
6.
hope,
expe
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think,
intend,
want,
suppose等用于过去完成时，表示未实现的希望、打算或意图，意为“原本……”。
We
had
expected
that
you
would
be
able
to
win
the
match.
我本以为你们能够赢得这场比赛。
7.
“It/This/That
was＋the＋序数词＋time＋that...”句式中，that后的从句用过去完成时。
It
was
the
third
time
that
he
had
made
the
same
mistake.
这是他第三次犯同样的错误。
8.
“hardly/scarcely...when...”和“no
sooner...than...”结构中，主句用过去完成时。
Hardly
had
the
game
started
when
it
started
to
rain.
比赛一开始，天就下雨了。
常见考法
1.
基本概念的考查；
2.
和被动语态一起考查以增加难度；
3.
将空设在从句中。
误区提醒
1.
对“过去的过去”认识不清；
2.
受被动语态等因素的影响；
3.
有从句时主从时间的先后辨别不清。
小试牛刀
1.The
students
______
busily
when
Miss
Brown
went
to
get
a
book
she
______
in
the
office.
A.
had
written;
left
B.
were
writing;
has
left
C.
had
written;
had
left
D.
were
writing;
had
left
2.
The
policeman’
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attention
was
suddenly
caught
by
a
small
box
which
______
placed
under
the
Minister’s
car.
A.
has
been
B.
was
C.
had
been
D.
would
be
【答案及解析】
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