2026年中考英语二轮专题复习 专题十：动词时态（二）完成时与进行时（含答案）

2026 届中考英语二轮专题复习
专题十：动词时态（二）完成时与进行时（完成体·进行体）
【考情考向·近三年命题趋势】
完成时和进行时是中考时态考查的难点和拉分点。2023-2025年全国各地市真题卷显示，命题主要集中在：① 现在完成时的基本用法（表示过去发生的动作对现在造成影响/结果，或持续到现在的动作）；② 延续性动词与短暂性动词的转换；③ 过去完成时的用法（表示“过去的过去”）；④ 现在完成进行时的用法（强调动作的持续和仍在进行）；⑤ 时态辨析（现在完成时与一般过去时的区别，现在完成进行时与现在完成时的区别）。本专题按考点分层设计，帮助考生精准掌握完成体和进行体的核心用法。
【核心知识·考点分层精讲】
考点一：现在完成时
① 构成： have/has + 过去分词。
② 用法： 表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果 (I have lost my key. I can't open the door.)；表示从过去开始持续到现在的动作或状态 (He has lived here for ten years.)。
③ 时间标志词： already, yet, ever, never, just, before, recently, lately, so far, up to now, in the past few years, for + 时间段, since + 时间点/从句。
④ 延续性动词与短暂性动词： 短暂性动词 (buy, join, die, leave) 不能与 for/since 连用，需转换为延续性动词 (have had, have been in, have been dead, have been away)。
⑤ have been to / have gone to / have been in： have been to 去过已回；have gone to 去了未回；have been in 在某地待了多久。
考点二：过去完成时
① 构成： had + 过去分词。
② 用法： 表示在过去某个动作或时间之前已经发生的动作（“过去的过去”）。常用于宾语从句或与 by the time, when, before 等连用 (By the time I got there, the train had left.)。
③ 时间标志词： by the end of last year, by the time, before + 过去时间, when 引导的从句（主句用过去完成时）。
考点三：现在完成进行时
① 构成： have/has been + 现在分词。
② 用法： 表示从过去开始一直持续到现在，并且可能仍在进行的动作，强调动作的持续性和不间断性 (I have been waiting for you for two hours.)。
③ 与现在完成时的区别： 现在完成时强调结果，现在完成进行时强调过程/持续。有些动词（如 live, work, teach）两者区别不大。
考点四：过去将来时/将来完成时（了解）
① 过去将来时： would + 动词原形，表示从过去某个时间看将要发生的动作 (He said he would come.)。
② 将来完成时： will have + 过去分词，表示到将来某个时间为止已经完成的动作 (By next month, I will have finished the book.)。中考要求较低，了解即可。
【分层训练·按考点突破】
考点一 现在完成时（共20题）
1. (影响性) I ______ my key. I can't find it anywhere.
A. lose B. lost C. have lost D. was losing
2. (持续性) They ______ in this city since 2010.
A. live B. lived C. have lived D. are living
3. (already) I ______ my homework already.
A. finish B. finished C. have finished D. will finish
4. (yet) Have you ______ been to the Great Wall
A. ever B. never C. yet D. just
5. (never) I ______ such a beautiful view before.
A. never see B. have never seen C. never saw D. will never see
6. (for/since) He has taught English ______ 15 years.
A. for B. since C. in D. after
7. (短暂性动词) My grandfather ______ for two years.
A. has died B. died C. has been dead D. was dead
8. (短暂性动词) He ______ the army since 2020.
A. has joined B . joined C. has been in D. was in
9. (have been to) —Where is Tom —He ______ to the library.
A. has been B. has gone C. Went D. goes
10. (have been in) They ______ Beijing for three years.
A. have been in B. have gone to C. have been to D. came to
11. (recently) I haven't seen him ______.
A. recent B. Recently C. Late D. later
12. (so far) So far, we ______ 2000 English words.
A. learn B. learned C. have learned D. are learning
13. (in the past...) In the past five years, great changes ______ in my hometown.
A. take place B. took place C. have taken place D. are taking place
14. (just) She has ______ finished her work.
A. just B. just now C. yet D. ever
15. (否定句) I ______ my pen. Can I use yours
A. didn't find B. don't find C. haven't found D. won't find
16. (疑问句) ______ you ever ______ to the Great Wall
A. Did; go B. Have; been C. Have; gone D. Do; go
17. (for+时间段) We have known each other ______ ten years.
A. for B. since C. in D. after
18. (since+从句) He has been ill ______ he came back.
A. for B. Since C. In D. before
19. (现在完成时与一般过去时) I ______ a new bike yesterday.
A. have bought B. bought C. buy D. will buy
20. (辨析) —______ you ______ your homework —Yes, I did it an hour ago.
A. Have; done B. Did; do C. Do; do D. Will; do
考点二 过去完成时（共10题）
21. (过去的过去) By the time I got to the station, the train ______.
A. left B. has left C. had left D. was leaving
22. (after) After he ______ his work, he went home.
A. finished B. has finished C. had finished D. finishes
23. (before) She said she ______ the film before.
A. saw B. has seen C. had seen D. would see
24. (by the end of) By the end of last year, they ______ 1000 cars.
A. produce B. produced C. have produced D. had produced
25. (when) When I arrived, they ______ dinner.
A. have B. Had C. had had D. were having
26. (hardly...when) He ______ the room when the phone rang.
A. entered hardly B. hardly entered
C. had hardly entered D. was hardly entering
27. (宾语从句) He told me that he ______ the book already.
A. read B. has read C. had read D. would read
28. (过去完成时与一般过去时) I ______ 500 words by the end of last month.
A. learn B. learned C. have learned D. had learned
29. (否定) She ______ the film before, so she wanted to see it.
A. didn't see B. hasn't seen C. hadn't seen D. wouldn't see
30. (疑问) ______ they ______ the work by 5 pm yesterday
A. Have; finished B. Did; finish C. Had; finished D. Were; finishing
考点三 现在完成进行时（共8题）
31. (强调持续) I ______ for you for two hours.
A. wait B. am waiting C. have waited D. have been waiting
32. (可能仍在进行) He is tired because he ______ all morning.
A. worked B. has been working C. had worked D. was working
33. (与现在完成时区别) I ______ this book for two weeks. I haven't finished it yet.
A. have read B. have been reading C. read D. had read
34. (since) She ______ English since she was five.
A. has been learning B. has learned C. Learned D. learns
35. (for) They ______ for the bus for half an hour.
A. have waited B. have been waiting C. waited D. had waited
36. (结果) The ground is wet. It ______.
A. rained B. has rained C. has been raining D. was raining
37. (动作仍在持续) How long ______ here
A. do you work B. have you worked C. have you been working D. did you work
38. (否定) He ______ well recently.
A. hasn't been sleeping B. hasn't slept C. didn't sleep D. wasn't sleeping
考点四 过去将来时 & 将来完成时（共4题）
39. (过去将来时) He said he ______ the next day.
A. will come B. would come C. came D. has come
40. (过去将来时) She told me she ______ buy a new car.
A. will B. would C. is going to D. was going to
41. (将来完成时) By next month, I ______ my project.
A. finish B. will finish C. will have finished D. have finished
42. (将来完成时) By the time you come back, I ______ the work.
A. will do B. will have done C. have done D. did
语法填空·语境综合（完成进行体混合）
43. I ______ (finish) my homework already. Can I watch TV now
44. They ______ (live) here since 2015.
45. By the time I got to the cinema, the movie ______ (start).
46. He ______ (wait) for her for two hours, but she hasn't come yet.
47. She said she ______ (see) the film before.
48. I ______ (not see) him lately.
49. How long ______ you ______ (learn) English
50. By next year, I ______ (be) a teacher for ten years.
单句改错·易错警示（完成进行体）
51. He has joined the army for three years.
改正：________________________
52. I have gone to Beijing twice.
改正：________________________
53. She has been to the library, so she is not here.
改正：________________________
54. By the time he arrived, we have already left.
改正：________________________
55. I have been knowing him for ten years.
改正：________________________
【参考答案】
考点一（1-20）：1-5 C C C A B 6-10 A C C B A 11-15 B C C A C 16-20 B A B B A
考点二（21-30）：21-25 C C C D C 26-30 C C D C C
考点三（31-38）：31-35 D B B A B 36-38 C C A
考点四（39-42）：39-42 B B C B
语法填空（43-50）：43. have finished 44. have lived 45. had started 46. has been waiting 47. had seen 48. haven't seen 49. have; been learning 50. will have been
改错（51-55）：51. has joined→has been in 52. gone→been 53. been→gone 54. have→had 55. knowing→known
教学建议·考点分层突破策略
1. 按考点分层教学：将完成进行体分为四个考点。建议考点一（现在完成时）用2课时，重点讲解用法区别、时间标志词、延续性动词转换；考点二（过去完成时）用1课时，强调“过去的过去”；考点三（现在完成进行时）用1课时，与现在完成时对比；考点四（了解内容）简单介绍即可。
2. 对比教学：重点对比现在完成时与一般过去时的区别（是否有影响/是否强调时间），现在完成时与现在完成进行时的区别（结果vs过程），短暂性动词与延续性动词的转换（设计专项练习）。
3. 时间轴辅助：利用时间轴图示帮助学生理解“过去的过去”以及动作的持续状态，形象直观。
4. 标志词强化：要求学生背诵完成时的标志词（already, yet, ever, never, since, for, so far, by the time等），并能快速识别。
5. 错题本记录：要求学生将错题按考点记录，尤其注意短暂性动词的转换错误、have been to / have gone to 混淆等。
亲爱的同学，完成时和进行时是中考英语的“分水岭”。掌握了它们，你的英语水平将上一个新台阶！坚持练习，细心总结，你一定能攻克这个专题！中考在即，愿你以梦为马，不负韶华，金榜题名！
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