2026 届中考英语三轮冲刺 微专题26易错点·动词短语辨析·三步辨析法（含答案）

2026 届中考英语三轮冲刺
微专题26易错点·动词短语辨析·三步辨析法
动词短语是中考英语的“隐形拉分王”，每年在单选、完形和短文改错中必考，分值占语法题的20%以上。近三年真题显示，最易混淆的动词短语集中在：① 同一动词+不同介词/副词（如put on/off/away/up）；② 不同动词+同一介词/副词（如look for / search for / ask for）；③ 易混短语辨析（如look up / look for / look after / look at）。2026年预计会加大语境化和同义转述的考查，单纯靠记忆将难以满分。本专题通过60道精选题目，系统训练三类易混动词短语，帮助考生掌握“三步辨析法”。
一线教师观察·来自课堂的真实困惑
我教了十几年毕业班，发现学生在动词短语上的困惑集中在：
put on / put off / put away / put up 到底哪个是“穿上”，哪个是“推迟”？
look up / look for / look after / look at 总是搞混。
turn on / turn off / turn up / turn down 听力里一出现就蒙。
give up / give in / give out / give away 分不清。
其实，动词短语有“三步辨析法”：看动词→看副词/介词→结合语境。下面的分类口诀是我从无数错题中总结出来的，学生用了都说“原来动词短语有规律”。
核心策略·三步辨析法
第一步：看动词——确定动作核心
动词决定动作的基本意义（look, put, turn, give）。
常见动词：put, turn, look, give, get, take, come, go, make, break。
我的口诀：“动词先看核心义，动作方向心里记。”
第二步：看介词/副词——确定动作方向或结果
up：向上、增加、完成（put up, turn up, give up）
down：向下、减少、写下（turn down, put down, write down）
off：离开、关闭、推迟（put off, turn off, take off）
on：穿上、继续、打开（put on, turn on, keep on）
away：离开、收好（put away, give away, take away）
out：出去、分发、熄灭（give out, put out, go out）
我的口诀：“up增加down减少，off离开on继续；away收好out出去，介词方向要牢记。”
第三步：结合语境——确定最终含义
把动词和介词/副词的意思组合，代入句子看是否通顺。
注意多义短语的特殊用法（如put up有“搭建、张贴”等多种意思）。
我的口诀：“组合代入看语境，多义短语单独记。”
专项训练
A. 同一动词+不同介词/副词（put, turn, look, give, take）（20题）
1. Please ______ the lights when you leave the room.
A. turn on
B. turn off
C. turn up
D. turn down
2. Can you ______ this word in the dictionary
A. look at
B. look for
C. look up
D. look after
3. Don't ______ your coat. It's cold outside.
A. put on
B. put off
C. put away
D. put up
4. The meeting has been ______ until next Monday.
A. put on
B. put off
C. put away
D. put up
5. Can you ______ the radio a little I can't hear it.
A. turn on
B. turn off
C. turn up
D. turn down
6. My mother often ______ my younger sister when I'm at school.
A. looks at
B. looks for
C. looks up
D. looks after
7. The old man ______ his hat and went out.
A. put on
B. put off
C. put away
D. put up
8. Please ______ your toys. It's time for bed.
A. put on
B. put off
C. put away
D. put up
9. He ______ his phone number in the notebook.
A. turned down
B. turned up
C. wrote down
D. put down
10. I'm ______ my keys. Have you seen them
A. looking at
B. looking for
C. looking up
D. looking after
11. The plane will ______ in ten minutes.
A. take off
B. take away
C. take care
D. take place
12. She ______ smoking last year and is much healthier now.
A. gave in
B. gave out
C. gave up
D. gave away
13. The sound of the music was too loud. I asked him to ______ it ______.
A. turn; down
B. turn; up
C. turn; on
D. turn; off
14. We need to ______ a poster on the wall for the school festival.
A. put on
B. put off
C. put away
D. put up
15. The teacher asked us to ______ the new words in our notebooks.
A. take off
B. take out
C. write down
D. look up
16. Don't ______ your hopes. Keep trying.
A. give up
B. give in
C. give out
D. give away
17. The charity will ______ old clothes to the poor.
A. give up
B. give in
C. give out
D. give away
18. He ______ his hand to answer the question.
A. put up
B. put on
C. put off
D. put away
19. I can't ______ his name. I've forgotten it.
A. look up
B. think of
C. find out
D. give up
20. The firemen worked hard to ______ the fire.
A. put on
B. put off
C. put out
D. put up
B. 不同动词+同一介词/副词（20题）
21. I'm looking forward to ______ from you soon.
A. hear
B. hearing
C. heard
D. hears
22. We should ______ the importance of protecting the environment.
A. pay attention to
B. look forward to
C. come up with
D. get along with
23. He ______ a good idea to solve the problem.
A. came up with
B. caught up with
C. put up with
D. ended up with
24. How do you ______ your new classmates
A. come up with
B. get along with
C. put up with
D. catch up with
25. The man ______ the bus at the next stop.
A. got on
B. got off
C. got up
D. got into
26. I can't ______ the noise. It's too loud.
A. come up with
B. put up with
C. catch up with
D. get along with
27. He ______ his old clothes to the charity.
A. gave away
B. gave up
C. gave in
D. gave out
28. The teacher ______ the papers to the students.
A. gave away
B. gave out
C. gave up
D. gave in
29. She ______ her mother. They both have big eyes.
A. takes after
B. looks after
C. runs after
D. goes after
30. I need to ______ the time of the train.
A. find out
B. look out
C. work out
D. come out
31. The math problem is difficult. I can't ______ it.
A. work out
B. find out
C. look out
D. give out
32. The book ______ last month and sold well.
A. came out
B. went out
C. got out
D. put out
33. Let's ______ the train schedule online.
A. look for
B. look at
C. look up
D. look after
34. The old man ______ his wallet in the taxi.
A. forgot
B. left
C. lost
D. missed
35. Please ______ the milk in the fridge. It's getting warm.
A. put off
B. put away
C. put on
D. put up
36. The children ______ the bus and went into the museum.
A. got off
B. got on
C. got up
D. got to
37. She ______ English very well.
A. says
B. tells
C. speaks
D. talks
38. Can you ______ the difference between these two words
A. say
B. tell
C. speak
D. talk
39. He ______ me a joke yesterday.
A. said
B. told
C. spoke
D. talked
40. She ______ to her mother on the phone every night.
A. says
B. tells
C. speaks
D. talks
C. 易混短语辨析（10题）
41. He is very tired because he ______ late last night.
A. stayed up
B. got up
C. stood up
D. woke up
42. The fire ______ because of a short circuit.
A. broke out
B. broke down
C. broke into
D. broke up
43. My car ______ on the way to work. I had to call for help.
A. broke out
B. broke down
C. broke into
D. broke up
44. The thief ______ the house and stole a computer.
A. broke out
B. broke down
C. broke into
D. broke up
45. The school year will ______ in June.
A. end up
B. come up
C. go out
D. be over
46. She ______ her father. They both have a sense of humor.
A. takes after
B. looks after
C. runs after
D. goes after
47. The story was so funny that I couldn't ______ laughing.
A. help
B. stop
C. keep
D. finish
48. We need to ______ a new plan for the project.
A. come up with
B. catch up with
C. put up with
D. keep up with
49. He ______ a lot of money buying books.
A. cost
B. spent
C. paid
D. took
50. The book ______ me 50 yuan.
A. cost
B. spent
C. paid
D. took
D. 语篇填空（动词短语综合·10题）
阅读下面短文，用方框中所给动词短语的适当形式填空。
put off, look after, give up, come up with, get along with, look forward to, turn off, take off, break down, find out
Dear Tom,
I'm writing to tell you about my school life. I (51) ______ a new idea for our school project last week. My classmates all liked it. We decided not to (52) ______ the project. Instead, we worked hard and finished it on time. I'm (53) ______ hearing your news. By the way, my computer (54) ______ yesterday. I had to (55) ______ what was wrong with it. I hope to (56) ______ the problem soon. Also, I need to (57) ______ my younger brother this weekend. My parents are away. I'll (58) ______ the lights when I leave the room to save energy. I will (59) ______ my dream because I know it's important. I hope we can (60) ______ each other well.
Yours,
Li Hua
51. _____________ 52. _____________ 53. _____________ 54. _____________ 55. _____________
56. _____________ 57. _____________ 58. _____________ 59. _____________ 60. _____________
三轮冲刺·教师备考锦囊
1. “三步辨析法”实战演练：每次做动词短语题，都让学生按“看动词→看副词/介词→结合语境”三步走，不跳步。
2. “同一动词”系列对比表：将put、turn、look、give、take等常见动词的短语做成表格，让学生对比记忆。
3. “不同动词同一介词”专项训练：将up、down、off、on、away等介词短语分类训练，如“up系列”短语的辨析。
4. “易混短语”顺口溜：编口诀帮助记忆，如“look up查字典，look for找不见，look after照顾，look at看仔细”。
5. “语境应用”情景表演：让学生用动词短语编对话表演，加深理解和记忆。
6. 错题归因卡片：让学生把错题按类型（同动不同介、同介不同动、易混短语）分类，考前反复看。
7. 最后叮嘱：考前两周，每天背诵20个高频动词短语，并做10道相关练习题，保持手感。
冲刺寄语：动词短语是英语的灵魂。掌握它们，你的表达会更地道、更丰富！愿你和你的学生都能在最后关头，把这部分变成最亮眼的得分区！
参考答案与三步辨析法点睛
A篇（1-20）：1-5 B C A B C 6-10 D A C D B 11-15 A C A D C 16-20 A D A B C
B篇（21-40）：21-25 B A A B B 26-30 B A B A A 31-35 A A C B B 36-40 A C B B D
C篇（41-50）：41-45 A A B C D 46-50 A A A B A
D篇（51-60）：51. came up with 52. put off 53. looking forward to 54. broke down 55. find out 56. work out / solve 57. look after 58. turn off 59. give up 60. get along with
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