高考英语二轮复习阅读专题二第2节依据线索词汇——助力匹配课件
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| 名称 | 高考英语二轮复习阅读专题二第2节依据线索词汇——助力匹配课件 |
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| 资源类型 | 试卷 | ||
| 版本资源 | 通用版 | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2026-04-08 00:00:00 | ||
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(共49张PPT)
第2节 依据线索词汇——助力匹配
技法探究 强化意识
【解题步骤】
第一步: 识别线索词汇类型, 明确匹配方向
核心思路: 快速定位选项与原文中的词汇关联, 缩小选择范围。
原词复现: 选项与原文出现完全相同的词汇。
代词复现: 通过代词(this/that/they/it 等)指代前文提到的人、事、物。
派生复现: 同词根词的不同形式。
同义复现: 同义词或近义词替换。
反义复现: 通过反义词形成对比逻辑。
第二步: 针对不同线索类型, 执行匹配策略
原词复现法
操作要点: 圈出选项中的名词、动词等核心词, 在上下文中寻找完全相同的词汇。
代词复现法
操作要点: 看到选项中的代词(如 “this”“those”), 向上文寻找其指代对象。
派生复现法
操作要点: 识别同词根词的词性变化(如动词→名词, 形容词→副词)。
同义复现法
操作要点: 积累常见的同义词组(如 improve=enhance, unique=special)。
反义复现法
操作要点: 关注转折词(but/however/yet)或对比逻辑词(in contrast/on the contrary), 寻找反义词。
第三步: 多线索交叉验证, 排除干扰项
组合应用: 一道题可能同时涉及原词复现和同义复现。
代入通读: 将选项代入设空处, 检查词汇线索是否自然衔接上下文。
技法一 原词复现法
【典例展示】
(2024·全国甲卷·节选)
What is moderation(适度) Basically, it means eating only as much food as your body needs. You should feel satisfied at the end of a meal, but not too full. 36 But it doesn’t mean saying goodbye to the foods you love.
E. Instead, surround yourself with healthy choices.
F. For many of us, moderation means eating less than we do now.
G. That won’t lead to cheating or giving up on your new eating plan.
√
解题思维: 本题可用原词复现法。上文“Basically, it means eating only as much food as your body needs. You should feel satisfied at the end of a meal, but not too full. ”指出, 进餐时不要吃太饱, 吃东西要适量。下文“But it doesn’t mean saying goodbye to the foods you love. ”指出, 适量进食不是要放弃吃自己喜欢的食物。F项“对我们许多人来说, 适度意味着比现在吃得少。”解释了何为适量进食, 承上启下, 符合文意, 选项中的“means”与下文中的“mean”属于原词复现。故选 F 。
技法二 代词复现法
it指代单数可数名词、不可数名词或整个句子; they或them指代复数名词; one指代单数可数名词; that指代单数可数名词、不可数名词或句子; this指代单数可数名词、不可数名词或句子; these或those指代复数名词。还有反身代词、关系代词等。
【典例展示】
(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷·节选)
Not all great writers are great spellers. If you want to be published, it’s vital to submit a perfect, professionally presented manuscript(原稿). 36 No editor is likely to tolerate a writer who does not take the trouble to spell words correctly.
E. Of course, a dictionary is not only for spelling.
F. That means good grammar and no spelling mistakes.
G. Dictionaries don’t always give you enough information.
√
解题思维: 本题可用代词复现法。上文“If you want to be published, it’s vital to submit a perfect, professionally presented manuscript. (如果你想发表, 提交一份完美的、专业的手稿是至关重要的。)”提到了完美的、专业的手稿的重要性, 手稿中不能有语法和拼写错误是专业的手稿的要求之一。F选项“That means good grammar and no spelling mistakes. (那意味着语法正确, 没有拼写错误。)”是对手稿要求的进一步解释说明, 特别是That指的是上文所表达的意思。故选 F 。
技法三 派生复现法
【典例展示】
(2024·全国甲卷·节选)
Eat with others whenever possible. Eating alone, specially in front of the TV or computer, often leads to mindless overeating. And be careful about the foods you keep at hand. It’s more challenging to eat in moderation if you have unhealthy snacks at the ready, like cookies. 38
E. Instead, surround yourself with healthy choices.
F. For many of us, moderation means eating less than we do now.
G. That won’t lead to cheating or giving up on your new eating plan.
√
解题思维: 本题可用派生复现法。上文“It’s more challenging to eat in moderation if you have unhealthy snacks at the ready, like cookies. (如果你已经准备好了不健康的零食, 比如饼干, 那么适量食用就更具挑战性了。)”指出, 吃不健康的食物不利于适度饮食, E项“相反, 你应该选择健康的食物。”符合文意, 建议读者选择健康的食物。选项中的“healthy”与上文中的“unhealthy”相对应。故选 E 。
技法四 同义复现法
【典例展示】
(2024·重庆模拟·节选)
Wear materials that will help your body breathe. 39 Wear sweat-wicking athletic clothing that allows your skin to cool. Avoid materials like cotton that basically keep the heat close to your body.
A. Don’t eat right before you head out.
B. Try more heat-friendly forms of exercise.
C. The type of suitable sportswear can also help you stay cool.
√
解题思维: 本题可用同义复现法。根据上文“Wear materials that will help your body breathe. (穿有助于身体呼吸的衣服。)”以及后文“Wear sweat-wicking athletic clothing that allows your skin to cool. Avoid materials like cotton that basically keep the heat close to your body. (穿吸汗的运动服, 让皮肤降温。不要穿棉质之类的衣服, 因为它们能让热量接近你的身体。)”可知, 本段主要就穿的衣服提出了建议, C选项中“sportswear”对应后文“clothing”。故C选项“选择合适的运动服也能让你保持凉爽。”符合语境, 故选 C 。
技法五 反义复现法
【典例展示】
(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷·节选)
For well over a hundred years the most influential English dictionary was Samuel Johnson’s Dictionary of the English Language published in 1755. “To make dictionaries is dull(乏味) work, ” wrote Johnson, illustrating one definition of “dull”. 40 A few minutes spent casting your eye over a page or two can be a rewarding experience.
A. I don’t often use this dictionary.
B. It takes no account of the context.
C. But I still don’t want to replace them.
D. But a dictionary can be a pleasure to read.
√
解题思维: 本题可用反义复现法。上文“‘To make dictionaries is dull work, ’ wrote Johnson, illustrating one definition of ‘dull’. (约翰逊在解释‘dull’的一个定义时写道: ‘编词典是件无聊的工作。’)”提到了编写词典是件乏味的工作, 下文“A few minutes spent casting your eye over a page or two can be a rewarding experience. (花几分钟的时间浏览一两页是一种有益的体验。)”提到浏览词典也是一种阅读的乐趣, D选项“But a dictionary can be a pleasure to read. (但是一本词典读起来是一种乐趣。)”是作者对词典的评价, 与上文的“乏味”形成对比, 与上文构成转折关系。故选 D 。
精练新题 提升素养
Passage 1
(2025·石家庄模拟)
Being one of the most varied foods, eggs are a great addition to any diet. Not only are they easy to add to just about any meal, but they are also incredibly nutritious and support overall health. 1
You may experience better brain function. Eggs provide choline—a key substance that enhances communication between brain cells, ensuring messages are delivered efficiently like a well-organized delivery system. Thus, eating eggs regularly can strengthen your memory. 2 What’s more, the nutrients in eggs act like brain fuel, keeping you focused during classes or while doing homework.
You may have healthier eyes. Eating eggs helps protect your eyes with natural substances that act as natural sunglasses, blocking harmful light like screen blue light. Egg yolks contain more eye-guarding nutrients than carrots, reducing eye fatigue(疲劳) during study sessions. 3
You can have stronger muscles and bones. Eggs provide quality protein for muscle repair after exercise, while their vitamin D works with other nutrients like calcium and phosphorus to strengthen bones. 4 Regular consumption supports muscle growth during daily activities and keeps bones strong.
5 It may seem like other foods are much better at making you feel full, but eggs are actually an excellent selection. They are the ideal mix of protein and fat and can be extremely satisfying and filling. By consuming more eggs, you are able to significantly decrease short term food and snacks.
A. You can get more energy quickly.
B. You can feel satisfied for longer time.
C. Eggs are a good source when you’re busy.
D. So regular egg consumption helps maintain clear vision.
E. They can help maintain bone structure and prevent weakness.
F. This makes it easier to remember school lessons or daily tasks.
G. When you eat eggs every day, this is what happens to your body.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文, 主要讲述了每天吃鸡蛋对身体的影响。
1. 【解析】选G。根据空前可知, 鸡蛋是绝佳饮食补充, 营养丰富且有益健康。该句总述鸡蛋的营养价值, 后文需展开陈述具体益处。G 项 “当你每天吃鸡蛋时, 你的身体会发生以下变化” 符合语境, 以 “this is what happens” 自然引出下文对大脑、眼睛等器官的具体影响, 起到承上启下的作用。故选G。
2. 【解析】选F。根据空前可知, 鸡蛋中的胆碱增强脑细胞沟通, 类似高效递送系统, 因此能增强记忆力。此处强调胆碱对记忆力的提升作用。F 项 “这使你更容易记住功课或日常任务” 中的 “This” 指代前文胆碱的功效, 通过 “记住功课或任务” 具体举例说明记忆力增强的实际表现, 与前文形成逻辑呼应。故选F。
3. 【解析】选D。根据上文可知, 鸡蛋中的天然物质像太阳镜阻挡有害光线, 蛋黄护眼营养多于胡萝卜, 减少眼疲劳。本段围绕 “眼睛健康” 展开, 阐述鸡蛋的护眼机制。D 项 “因此, 经常吃鸡蛋有助于保持清晰的视力” 以 “So” 总结上文, 将 “减少眼疲劳” 等具体作用升华为 “保持清晰的视力” 的整体效果, 契合段落主旨。故选D。
4. 【解析】选E。根据空前可知, 鸡蛋的蛋白质修复肌肉, 维生素 D 与钙、磷协作强化骨骼。此处介绍鸡蛋对肌肉和骨骼的双重作用;空后进一步说明定期食用支持肌肉生长、保持骨骼强壮。E 项 “它们有助于维持骨骼结构并预防骨骼脆弱” 聚焦骨骼健康, 具体解释维生素 D 与营养素的协同功效, 承接上文 “强化骨骼” 的论述, 同时与空后 “骨骼强壮” 形成语义衔接。故选E。
5. 【解析】选B。根据下文可知, 尽管其他食物看似更能饱腹, 但鸡蛋是蛋白质与脂肪的理想组合, 能带来长久满足感, 减少吃零食。本段核心话题为 “饱腹感”。B 项 “你可以更长时间地感到满足” 作为段首句, 精准概括段落主旨, “feel satisfied for longer time” 直接对应后文 “extremely satisfying and filling” 及 “decrease short term food” 的效果。故选B。
外刊原创 高考同源
Passage 2
Did you know that getting good sleep might help protect your brain as you get older A new study says not getting enough deep sleep could speed up brain problems linked to Alzheimer’s disease—a serious illness that affects memory and thinking. 1
Our brains go through two important deep sleep stages: slow-wave sleep and REM(rapid eye movement) sleep. 2 Scientists found that people who don’t get enough of these sleep stages might have smaller brain areas, like the inferior parietal region, which helps us understand space and senses. That could be an early warning sign of brain trouble.
Deep and REM sleep don’t just help with brain size. They’re also linked to better thinking and memory. One expert said his patients who had more deep sleep also did better on memory tests. 3 Teens and kids need even more. But many people don’t get enough, and sleep tends to get lighter as we get older. Deep sleep happens early in the night, and REM sleep later—so staying up late and waking up early can cut into both!
4 You need good quality sleep, which means not waking up often or using sleep medicine. Good sleep can even help you live longer, according to another study!
So how can you sleep better Try sticking to a regular bedtime routine, even on weekends. Make your room cool and dark, and stay away from screens before bed. 5 In the end, there’s no magic pill for sleep. But with healthy sleep habits, you can train your brain to rest better—and help keep your body and mind strong for years to come.
A. These stages help build memories.
B. Such periods are related to dreams.
C. So we should know how to sleep well.
D. Most adults need 7 to 8 hours of sleep each night.
E. Just staying in bed longer doesn’t always mean better sleep.
F. Enough sleep time can guarantee high-efficient brain work.
G. Try calming activities like reading, stretching, or taking a warm bath.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文, 主要介绍了保证一定高质量睡眠时长的重要性。
1. 【解析】选C。 根据空前 “新研究表明, 缺乏足够的深度睡眠可能加速与阿尔茨海默病相关的大脑问题” 可知, 前文阐述了睡眠不足的危害, 此处需引出应对方法。C 项 “所以我们应该知道如何睡好” 符合语境, “So” 承接前文研究结果, 点明下文将围绕 “如何睡好” 展开, 起到承上启下的作用, 自然过渡到对睡眠阶段及改善睡眠方法的讨论。故选C。
2. 【解析】选A。 根据空前 “我们的大脑经历慢波睡眠和 REM(快速眼动)睡眠两个重要的深度睡眠阶段” 及空后 “科学家发现, 这些睡眠阶段不足的人大脑区域可能更小” 可知, 此处需要说明睡眠阶段的作用。A 项 “这些阶段有助于建立记忆” 符合语境, “These stages” 指代前文两个睡眠阶段, “build memories” 与后文大脑区域功能及大脑健康的论述相呼应, 进一步解释了睡眠阶段对大脑的重要性。故选A。
3. 【解析】选D。 根据空后 “青少年和儿童需要更多睡眠。但是很多人睡眠不足” 可知, 此处应先说明成年人的睡眠需求, 从而形成对比。D 项 “大多数成年人每晚需要 7 到 8 小时的睡眠” 符合语境, 与后文 “Teens and kids need even more. ” 衔接紧密, 通过明确成年人睡眠时长, 为后文阐述普遍睡眠不足的现状作铺垫。故选D。
4. 【解析】选E。 根据空后 “你需要高质量的睡眠, 这意味着不要频繁醒来或使用安眠药” 可知, 此处需强调睡眠的质量。E项“只是长时间躺在床上并不总是意味着更好的睡眠” 符合语境, 与后文 “good quality sleep”相呼应。故选E。
5. 【解析】选G。 根据空前 “尝试坚持规律的就寝时间, 即使在周末。让你的房间凉爽黑暗, 睡前远离屏幕” 可知, 此处需继续补充有助于睡眠的具体做法。G 项 “尝试阅读、伸展或洗个热水澡等放松活动” 符合语境, “calming activities” 与前文建议并列, 提供更多可操作的助眠方式, 完善 “如何改善睡眠” 的方法体系, 呼应前文 “how can you sleep better” 的提问。故选G。
【备选习题】
Passage
(2025·济南模拟)
Night photography is a fascinating art form that allows you to showcase the beauty of landscapes at night. 1 The good news is that learning a few simple techniques can help you create amazing images that reveal the magic of the night.
The key to night photography is working with light. 2 Look for soft, balanced light that doesn’t create too bright spots or too dark areas. Good examples are distant streetlights or a single lamp under a roof. These lights spread nicely and help show details in both bright and dark parts of your photo.
3 During a long exposure, move a flashlight or other light source around to “draw” light trails(光轨) in your photo. This technique can create enjoyable and distinctive effects. It’s a fun and experimental way to play with light and shadow, resulting in photos that are both artistic and visually engaging.
Beyond technical settings, don’t forget composition—it’s essential for powerful images. 4 For example, urban scenes provide a dynamic contrast between moving traffic and still architecture, while highways work well for light trails. The flow of vehicle lights will create breathtaking trails, which contributes to a fascinating visual structure.
Night photography might seem challenging at first, but with the right techniques, it’s easy to get great results. Whether you’re shooting stars or something more abstract, the key is to experiment and have fun. 5
A. This requires smart light choices.
B. It unlocks a world of creative possibilities.
C. To create better photos, try using natural lights.
D. While endlessly creative, it also has technical challenges.
E. For something more artistic, experiment with light painting.
F. When building your image, consider how movement and light interact.
G. Now grab your camera and start exploring the magic of night photography!
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文, 主要针对夜间摄影提出的一些方法和建议。
1. 【解析】选D。根据后文 “好消息是学习一些简单技巧能创作出揭示夜晚魅力的图像” 可知, 后文通过 “good news” 转折, 暗示前文需提及夜间摄影的挑战。D 项 “虽然创意无穷, 但也有技术上的挑战” 符合语境, “technical challenges” 直接引出后文 “learning a few simple techniques” 的必要性, 形成 “问题—对策” 的逻辑衔接。故选 D。
2. 【解析】选A。根据后文可知, 夜间摄影要寻找柔和平衡的光线, 避免过亮或过暗区域, 如远处街灯或屋顶下的灯。本段聚焦“光线选择” 的具体方法。A 项 “这需要明智的光线选择” 符合语境, “smart light choices” 高度概括后文对光线类型(soft, balanced)和具体光源(streetlights, lamp)的描述, “This” 指代前文 “working with light” 的核心任务。故选 A。
3. 【解析】选E。根据后文可知, 长时间曝光拍摄时, 可以移动光源绘制光轨, 从而创造艺术性和视觉吸引力的效果。本段介绍“光绘”这一创意技巧。E项“想要更有艺术性的东西, 可以尝试光绘”符合语境, “light painting” 直接对应后文 “‘draw’ light trails” 的操作, “artistic” 呼应 “enjoyable and distinctive effects”, 点明该技巧的艺术属性。故选 E。
4. 【解析】选F。根据上文可知, 除了技术参数设置, 构图对拍出震撼的照片至关重要。空处需具体说明构图的关键要素。F项“在构建图像时, 考虑运动和光线的相互作用” 符合语境。“building your image”对应上文的“composition”;“movement and light interact”具体说明构图时如何结合动态元素(如车流)与光线(如光轨), 与后文 “urban scenes”“highways” 的具体场景形成呼应。故选 F。
5. 【解析】选G。根据上文可知, 夜间摄影初看有挑战, 但掌握技巧后易出成果, 关键是尝试和享受乐趣。结尾段需以鼓励言语收束全文。G 项 “现在拿起你的相机, 开始探索神奇的夜间摄影!” 符合语境。“grab your camera and start exploring” 直接呼应 “experiment and have fun”, 以祈使句激发读者实践。
反复精读 识记积累
障碍词语 fatigue n. 疲劳, 疲倦(Passage 1)
routine n. 常规, 惯例(文中指规律的就寝时间)(Passage 2)
fascinating adj. 迷人的, 极有吸引力的(Passage)
熟词生义 addition 常见义: n. 加法;增加物
文中义: n. (饮食中的)添加食物(Passage 1)
stage 常见义: n. 舞台 文中义: n. (睡眠的)时期, 阶段(Passage 2)
draw 常见义: v. 绘画;吸引 文中义: v. (用光)勾勒, 创造(光轨效果)
(Passage)
长难句分析 Eggs provide choline—a key substance that enhances communication between brain cells, ensuring messages are delivered efficiently like a well-organized delivery system.
分析: 主干: Eggs provide choline
同位语: a key substance that enhances communication between brain cells(解释说明 choline, 其中 that 引导定语从句修饰 substance)
结果状语: ensuring messages are delivered efficiently like a well-organized delivery system(现在分词短语作结果状语, 其中包含省略引导词 that 的宾语从句 messages are delivered. . . )
翻译: 鸡蛋提供胆碱——一种增强脑细胞间交流的关键物质, 确保信息像组织良好的递送系统一样高效传递。(Passage 1)
第2节 依据线索词汇——助力匹配
技法探究 强化意识
【解题步骤】
第一步: 识别线索词汇类型, 明确匹配方向
核心思路: 快速定位选项与原文中的词汇关联, 缩小选择范围。
原词复现: 选项与原文出现完全相同的词汇。
代词复现: 通过代词(this/that/they/it 等)指代前文提到的人、事、物。
派生复现: 同词根词的不同形式。
同义复现: 同义词或近义词替换。
反义复现: 通过反义词形成对比逻辑。
第二步: 针对不同线索类型, 执行匹配策略
原词复现法
操作要点: 圈出选项中的名词、动词等核心词, 在上下文中寻找完全相同的词汇。
代词复现法
操作要点: 看到选项中的代词(如 “this”“those”), 向上文寻找其指代对象。
派生复现法
操作要点: 识别同词根词的词性变化(如动词→名词, 形容词→副词)。
同义复现法
操作要点: 积累常见的同义词组(如 improve=enhance, unique=special)。
反义复现法
操作要点: 关注转折词(but/however/yet)或对比逻辑词(in contrast/on the contrary), 寻找反义词。
第三步: 多线索交叉验证, 排除干扰项
组合应用: 一道题可能同时涉及原词复现和同义复现。
代入通读: 将选项代入设空处, 检查词汇线索是否自然衔接上下文。
技法一 原词复现法
【典例展示】
(2024·全国甲卷·节选)
What is moderation(适度) Basically, it means eating only as much food as your body needs. You should feel satisfied at the end of a meal, but not too full. 36 But it doesn’t mean saying goodbye to the foods you love.
E. Instead, surround yourself with healthy choices.
F. For many of us, moderation means eating less than we do now.
G. That won’t lead to cheating or giving up on your new eating plan.
√
解题思维: 本题可用原词复现法。上文“Basically, it means eating only as much food as your body needs. You should feel satisfied at the end of a meal, but not too full. ”指出, 进餐时不要吃太饱, 吃东西要适量。下文“But it doesn’t mean saying goodbye to the foods you love. ”指出, 适量进食不是要放弃吃自己喜欢的食物。F项“对我们许多人来说, 适度意味着比现在吃得少。”解释了何为适量进食, 承上启下, 符合文意, 选项中的“means”与下文中的“mean”属于原词复现。故选 F 。
技法二 代词复现法
it指代单数可数名词、不可数名词或整个句子; they或them指代复数名词; one指代单数可数名词; that指代单数可数名词、不可数名词或句子; this指代单数可数名词、不可数名词或句子; these或those指代复数名词。还有反身代词、关系代词等。
【典例展示】
(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷·节选)
Not all great writers are great spellers. If you want to be published, it’s vital to submit a perfect, professionally presented manuscript(原稿). 36 No editor is likely to tolerate a writer who does not take the trouble to spell words correctly.
E. Of course, a dictionary is not only for spelling.
F. That means good grammar and no spelling mistakes.
G. Dictionaries don’t always give you enough information.
√
解题思维: 本题可用代词复现法。上文“If you want to be published, it’s vital to submit a perfect, professionally presented manuscript. (如果你想发表, 提交一份完美的、专业的手稿是至关重要的。)”提到了完美的、专业的手稿的重要性, 手稿中不能有语法和拼写错误是专业的手稿的要求之一。F选项“That means good grammar and no spelling mistakes. (那意味着语法正确, 没有拼写错误。)”是对手稿要求的进一步解释说明, 特别是That指的是上文所表达的意思。故选 F 。
技法三 派生复现法
【典例展示】
(2024·全国甲卷·节选)
Eat with others whenever possible. Eating alone, specially in front of the TV or computer, often leads to mindless overeating. And be careful about the foods you keep at hand. It’s more challenging to eat in moderation if you have unhealthy snacks at the ready, like cookies. 38
E. Instead, surround yourself with healthy choices.
F. For many of us, moderation means eating less than we do now.
G. That won’t lead to cheating or giving up on your new eating plan.
√
解题思维: 本题可用派生复现法。上文“It’s more challenging to eat in moderation if you have unhealthy snacks at the ready, like cookies. (如果你已经准备好了不健康的零食, 比如饼干, 那么适量食用就更具挑战性了。)”指出, 吃不健康的食物不利于适度饮食, E项“相反, 你应该选择健康的食物。”符合文意, 建议读者选择健康的食物。选项中的“healthy”与上文中的“unhealthy”相对应。故选 E 。
技法四 同义复现法
【典例展示】
(2024·重庆模拟·节选)
Wear materials that will help your body breathe. 39 Wear sweat-wicking athletic clothing that allows your skin to cool. Avoid materials like cotton that basically keep the heat close to your body.
A. Don’t eat right before you head out.
B. Try more heat-friendly forms of exercise.
C. The type of suitable sportswear can also help you stay cool.
√
解题思维: 本题可用同义复现法。根据上文“Wear materials that will help your body breathe. (穿有助于身体呼吸的衣服。)”以及后文“Wear sweat-wicking athletic clothing that allows your skin to cool. Avoid materials like cotton that basically keep the heat close to your body. (穿吸汗的运动服, 让皮肤降温。不要穿棉质之类的衣服, 因为它们能让热量接近你的身体。)”可知, 本段主要就穿的衣服提出了建议, C选项中“sportswear”对应后文“clothing”。故C选项“选择合适的运动服也能让你保持凉爽。”符合语境, 故选 C 。
技法五 反义复现法
【典例展示】
(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷·节选)
For well over a hundred years the most influential English dictionary was Samuel Johnson’s Dictionary of the English Language published in 1755. “To make dictionaries is dull(乏味) work, ” wrote Johnson, illustrating one definition of “dull”. 40 A few minutes spent casting your eye over a page or two can be a rewarding experience.
A. I don’t often use this dictionary.
B. It takes no account of the context.
C. But I still don’t want to replace them.
D. But a dictionary can be a pleasure to read.
√
解题思维: 本题可用反义复现法。上文“‘To make dictionaries is dull work, ’ wrote Johnson, illustrating one definition of ‘dull’. (约翰逊在解释‘dull’的一个定义时写道: ‘编词典是件无聊的工作。’)”提到了编写词典是件乏味的工作, 下文“A few minutes spent casting your eye over a page or two can be a rewarding experience. (花几分钟的时间浏览一两页是一种有益的体验。)”提到浏览词典也是一种阅读的乐趣, D选项“But a dictionary can be a pleasure to read. (但是一本词典读起来是一种乐趣。)”是作者对词典的评价, 与上文的“乏味”形成对比, 与上文构成转折关系。故选 D 。
精练新题 提升素养
Passage 1
(2025·石家庄模拟)
Being one of the most varied foods, eggs are a great addition to any diet. Not only are they easy to add to just about any meal, but they are also incredibly nutritious and support overall health. 1
You may experience better brain function. Eggs provide choline—a key substance that enhances communication between brain cells, ensuring messages are delivered efficiently like a well-organized delivery system. Thus, eating eggs regularly can strengthen your memory. 2 What’s more, the nutrients in eggs act like brain fuel, keeping you focused during classes or while doing homework.
You may have healthier eyes. Eating eggs helps protect your eyes with natural substances that act as natural sunglasses, blocking harmful light like screen blue light. Egg yolks contain more eye-guarding nutrients than carrots, reducing eye fatigue(疲劳) during study sessions. 3
You can have stronger muscles and bones. Eggs provide quality protein for muscle repair after exercise, while their vitamin D works with other nutrients like calcium and phosphorus to strengthen bones. 4 Regular consumption supports muscle growth during daily activities and keeps bones strong.
5 It may seem like other foods are much better at making you feel full, but eggs are actually an excellent selection. They are the ideal mix of protein and fat and can be extremely satisfying and filling. By consuming more eggs, you are able to significantly decrease short term food and snacks.
A. You can get more energy quickly.
B. You can feel satisfied for longer time.
C. Eggs are a good source when you’re busy.
D. So regular egg consumption helps maintain clear vision.
E. They can help maintain bone structure and prevent weakness.
F. This makes it easier to remember school lessons or daily tasks.
G. When you eat eggs every day, this is what happens to your body.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文, 主要讲述了每天吃鸡蛋对身体的影响。
1. 【解析】选G。根据空前可知, 鸡蛋是绝佳饮食补充, 营养丰富且有益健康。该句总述鸡蛋的营养价值, 后文需展开陈述具体益处。G 项 “当你每天吃鸡蛋时, 你的身体会发生以下变化” 符合语境, 以 “this is what happens” 自然引出下文对大脑、眼睛等器官的具体影响, 起到承上启下的作用。故选G。
2. 【解析】选F。根据空前可知, 鸡蛋中的胆碱增强脑细胞沟通, 类似高效递送系统, 因此能增强记忆力。此处强调胆碱对记忆力的提升作用。F 项 “这使你更容易记住功课或日常任务” 中的 “This” 指代前文胆碱的功效, 通过 “记住功课或任务” 具体举例说明记忆力增强的实际表现, 与前文形成逻辑呼应。故选F。
3. 【解析】选D。根据上文可知, 鸡蛋中的天然物质像太阳镜阻挡有害光线, 蛋黄护眼营养多于胡萝卜, 减少眼疲劳。本段围绕 “眼睛健康” 展开, 阐述鸡蛋的护眼机制。D 项 “因此, 经常吃鸡蛋有助于保持清晰的视力” 以 “So” 总结上文, 将 “减少眼疲劳” 等具体作用升华为 “保持清晰的视力” 的整体效果, 契合段落主旨。故选D。
4. 【解析】选E。根据空前可知, 鸡蛋的蛋白质修复肌肉, 维生素 D 与钙、磷协作强化骨骼。此处介绍鸡蛋对肌肉和骨骼的双重作用;空后进一步说明定期食用支持肌肉生长、保持骨骼强壮。E 项 “它们有助于维持骨骼结构并预防骨骼脆弱” 聚焦骨骼健康, 具体解释维生素 D 与营养素的协同功效, 承接上文 “强化骨骼” 的论述, 同时与空后 “骨骼强壮” 形成语义衔接。故选E。
5. 【解析】选B。根据下文可知, 尽管其他食物看似更能饱腹, 但鸡蛋是蛋白质与脂肪的理想组合, 能带来长久满足感, 减少吃零食。本段核心话题为 “饱腹感”。B 项 “你可以更长时间地感到满足” 作为段首句, 精准概括段落主旨, “feel satisfied for longer time” 直接对应后文 “extremely satisfying and filling” 及 “decrease short term food” 的效果。故选B。
外刊原创 高考同源
Passage 2
Did you know that getting good sleep might help protect your brain as you get older A new study says not getting enough deep sleep could speed up brain problems linked to Alzheimer’s disease—a serious illness that affects memory and thinking. 1
Our brains go through two important deep sleep stages: slow-wave sleep and REM(rapid eye movement) sleep. 2 Scientists found that people who don’t get enough of these sleep stages might have smaller brain areas, like the inferior parietal region, which helps us understand space and senses. That could be an early warning sign of brain trouble.
Deep and REM sleep don’t just help with brain size. They’re also linked to better thinking and memory. One expert said his patients who had more deep sleep also did better on memory tests. 3 Teens and kids need even more. But many people don’t get enough, and sleep tends to get lighter as we get older. Deep sleep happens early in the night, and REM sleep later—so staying up late and waking up early can cut into both!
4 You need good quality sleep, which means not waking up often or using sleep medicine. Good sleep can even help you live longer, according to another study!
So how can you sleep better Try sticking to a regular bedtime routine, even on weekends. Make your room cool and dark, and stay away from screens before bed. 5 In the end, there’s no magic pill for sleep. But with healthy sleep habits, you can train your brain to rest better—and help keep your body and mind strong for years to come.
A. These stages help build memories.
B. Such periods are related to dreams.
C. So we should know how to sleep well.
D. Most adults need 7 to 8 hours of sleep each night.
E. Just staying in bed longer doesn’t always mean better sleep.
F. Enough sleep time can guarantee high-efficient brain work.
G. Try calming activities like reading, stretching, or taking a warm bath.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文, 主要介绍了保证一定高质量睡眠时长的重要性。
1. 【解析】选C。 根据空前 “新研究表明, 缺乏足够的深度睡眠可能加速与阿尔茨海默病相关的大脑问题” 可知, 前文阐述了睡眠不足的危害, 此处需引出应对方法。C 项 “所以我们应该知道如何睡好” 符合语境, “So” 承接前文研究结果, 点明下文将围绕 “如何睡好” 展开, 起到承上启下的作用, 自然过渡到对睡眠阶段及改善睡眠方法的讨论。故选C。
2. 【解析】选A。 根据空前 “我们的大脑经历慢波睡眠和 REM(快速眼动)睡眠两个重要的深度睡眠阶段” 及空后 “科学家发现, 这些睡眠阶段不足的人大脑区域可能更小” 可知, 此处需要说明睡眠阶段的作用。A 项 “这些阶段有助于建立记忆” 符合语境, “These stages” 指代前文两个睡眠阶段, “build memories” 与后文大脑区域功能及大脑健康的论述相呼应, 进一步解释了睡眠阶段对大脑的重要性。故选A。
3. 【解析】选D。 根据空后 “青少年和儿童需要更多睡眠。但是很多人睡眠不足” 可知, 此处应先说明成年人的睡眠需求, 从而形成对比。D 项 “大多数成年人每晚需要 7 到 8 小时的睡眠” 符合语境, 与后文 “Teens and kids need even more. ” 衔接紧密, 通过明确成年人睡眠时长, 为后文阐述普遍睡眠不足的现状作铺垫。故选D。
4. 【解析】选E。 根据空后 “你需要高质量的睡眠, 这意味着不要频繁醒来或使用安眠药” 可知, 此处需强调睡眠的质量。E项“只是长时间躺在床上并不总是意味着更好的睡眠” 符合语境, 与后文 “good quality sleep”相呼应。故选E。
5. 【解析】选G。 根据空前 “尝试坚持规律的就寝时间, 即使在周末。让你的房间凉爽黑暗, 睡前远离屏幕” 可知, 此处需继续补充有助于睡眠的具体做法。G 项 “尝试阅读、伸展或洗个热水澡等放松活动” 符合语境, “calming activities” 与前文建议并列, 提供更多可操作的助眠方式, 完善 “如何改善睡眠” 的方法体系, 呼应前文 “how can you sleep better” 的提问。故选G。
【备选习题】
Passage
(2025·济南模拟)
Night photography is a fascinating art form that allows you to showcase the beauty of landscapes at night. 1 The good news is that learning a few simple techniques can help you create amazing images that reveal the magic of the night.
The key to night photography is working with light. 2 Look for soft, balanced light that doesn’t create too bright spots or too dark areas. Good examples are distant streetlights or a single lamp under a roof. These lights spread nicely and help show details in both bright and dark parts of your photo.
3 During a long exposure, move a flashlight or other light source around to “draw” light trails(光轨) in your photo. This technique can create enjoyable and distinctive effects. It’s a fun and experimental way to play with light and shadow, resulting in photos that are both artistic and visually engaging.
Beyond technical settings, don’t forget composition—it’s essential for powerful images. 4 For example, urban scenes provide a dynamic contrast between moving traffic and still architecture, while highways work well for light trails. The flow of vehicle lights will create breathtaking trails, which contributes to a fascinating visual structure.
Night photography might seem challenging at first, but with the right techniques, it’s easy to get great results. Whether you’re shooting stars or something more abstract, the key is to experiment and have fun. 5
A. This requires smart light choices.
B. It unlocks a world of creative possibilities.
C. To create better photos, try using natural lights.
D. While endlessly creative, it also has technical challenges.
E. For something more artistic, experiment with light painting.
F. When building your image, consider how movement and light interact.
G. Now grab your camera and start exploring the magic of night photography!
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文, 主要针对夜间摄影提出的一些方法和建议。
1. 【解析】选D。根据后文 “好消息是学习一些简单技巧能创作出揭示夜晚魅力的图像” 可知, 后文通过 “good news” 转折, 暗示前文需提及夜间摄影的挑战。D 项 “虽然创意无穷, 但也有技术上的挑战” 符合语境, “technical challenges” 直接引出后文 “learning a few simple techniques” 的必要性, 形成 “问题—对策” 的逻辑衔接。故选 D。
2. 【解析】选A。根据后文可知, 夜间摄影要寻找柔和平衡的光线, 避免过亮或过暗区域, 如远处街灯或屋顶下的灯。本段聚焦“光线选择” 的具体方法。A 项 “这需要明智的光线选择” 符合语境, “smart light choices” 高度概括后文对光线类型(soft, balanced)和具体光源(streetlights, lamp)的描述, “This” 指代前文 “working with light” 的核心任务。故选 A。
3. 【解析】选E。根据后文可知, 长时间曝光拍摄时, 可以移动光源绘制光轨, 从而创造艺术性和视觉吸引力的效果。本段介绍“光绘”这一创意技巧。E项“想要更有艺术性的东西, 可以尝试光绘”符合语境, “light painting” 直接对应后文 “‘draw’ light trails” 的操作, “artistic” 呼应 “enjoyable and distinctive effects”, 点明该技巧的艺术属性。故选 E。
4. 【解析】选F。根据上文可知, 除了技术参数设置, 构图对拍出震撼的照片至关重要。空处需具体说明构图的关键要素。F项“在构建图像时, 考虑运动和光线的相互作用” 符合语境。“building your image”对应上文的“composition”;“movement and light interact”具体说明构图时如何结合动态元素(如车流)与光线(如光轨), 与后文 “urban scenes”“highways” 的具体场景形成呼应。故选 F。
5. 【解析】选G。根据上文可知, 夜间摄影初看有挑战, 但掌握技巧后易出成果, 关键是尝试和享受乐趣。结尾段需以鼓励言语收束全文。G 项 “现在拿起你的相机, 开始探索神奇的夜间摄影!” 符合语境。“grab your camera and start exploring” 直接呼应 “experiment and have fun”, 以祈使句激发读者实践。
反复精读 识记积累
障碍词语 fatigue n. 疲劳, 疲倦(Passage 1)
routine n. 常规, 惯例(文中指规律的就寝时间)(Passage 2)
fascinating adj. 迷人的, 极有吸引力的(Passage)
熟词生义 addition 常见义: n. 加法;增加物
文中义: n. (饮食中的)添加食物(Passage 1)
stage 常见义: n. 舞台 文中义: n. (睡眠的)时期, 阶段(Passage 2)
draw 常见义: v. 绘画;吸引 文中义: v. (用光)勾勒, 创造(光轨效果)
(Passage)
长难句分析 Eggs provide choline—a key substance that enhances communication between brain cells, ensuring messages are delivered efficiently like a well-organized delivery system.
分析: 主干: Eggs provide choline
同位语: a key substance that enhances communication between brain cells(解释说明 choline, 其中 that 引导定语从句修饰 substance)
结果状语: ensuring messages are delivered efficiently like a well-organized delivery system(现在分词短语作结果状语, 其中包含省略引导词 that 的宾语从句 messages are delivered. . . )
翻译: 鸡蛋提供胆碱——一种增强脑细胞间交流的关键物质, 确保信息像组织良好的递送系统一样高效传递。(Passage 1)