高考英语二轮复习阅读专题二七选五课件
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专题二 七选五
专题概览·思维导航
三年考情·透视规律
(辨模式 Patterns)
【分析考情考题】
考试
年份 试卷
名称 体裁 主题语境 话题 词数 设空位置
段首 段中 段尾
2025 全国Ⅰ卷 记叙文 人与自我 为大学生服务的咖啡师 259 0 4 1
全国Ⅱ卷 说明文 人与社会 家庭志愿活动的益处 245 2 2 1
考试
年份 试卷
名称 体裁 主题语境 话题 词数 设空位置
段首 段中 段尾
2024 新高考Ⅰ卷 记叙文 人与自我 对纸质词典的热爱 263 1 4 0
新高考Ⅱ卷 说明文 人与社会 对过度旅游的探讨和建议 249 1 3 1
2023 新高考Ⅰ卷 说明文 人与自我 如何自我宽恕 241 0 4 1
新高考Ⅱ卷 说明文 人与社会 有关开启艺术之旅的一些建议 246 1 3 1
【辨识选项特征】
真题再现·探究技法
(明实例 Examples)
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文, 讲述了咖啡师凯瑟琳·墨菲(Catherine Murphy)用热情服务和真诚微笑影响师生的故事, 展现了她作为 “无名英雄” 的平凡与可贵。
(2025·全国Ⅰ卷)
An Unsung Hero
Need a break between classes or just a quick pick-me-up in the morning The College Cafe has just that, and more. 36
Catherine Murphy, a cafe worker in a green shirt and black hat, makes sure that each customer gets exactly what they order. She goes back and forth between machines to make the drinks. 37 As the customer grabs the drink from her hand, she smiles and says, “Hello, how is your day ” Even when the line is getting longer, she doesn’t let it get in the way of her genuine conversations.
Murphy gets up at a quarter to five and drives thirty minutes every day to get to work on time. 38 “I do so because I like to make coffee for the students. I know they need it in the morning, ” Murphy said. Being a mother and wife has helped her become the woman she is. She believes she is here to serve.
One thing Murphy may not know is that her smile is contagious(有感染力) and can be the difference in a student having a much better day than they were having before seeing her. Joanna Wright, a senior political science major, loves coffee and goes to the cafe at least six days a week. 39 “Catherine always has a huge smile on her face, which always puts me in a cheerful mood, ” Wright said.
“I enjoy working in the cafe, ” Murphy said. 40 She has every intention of staying and continuing doing what she loves.
A. The cafe closes at 9 pm every day.
B. She has two children aged eight and four.
C. Sometimes she arrives early to serve the students early.
D. After finishing an order, she calls out the name on the cup.
E. Not only does this cafe serve up drinks, it also serves up smiles.
F. Going to the cafe starts her day off good and gets her ready for class.
G. She has served here for 17 years and can’t imagine working anywhere else.
36. 【解析】选E。开篇通过设问 “课间需要休息或早晨快速提神 大学咖啡馆能满足这些, 甚至更多” 引出主题。空格处需阐释 “更多” 的具体含义。E 选项“这家咖啡馆不仅提供饮品, 还传递微笑” 以 “Not only. . . also. . . ” 结构, 既承接上文, 又通过 “smiles” 引出核心人物墨菲的服务特色, 为后文铺垫, 符合语境。故选 E。
【技法要点】逻辑关系: 递进关系 + 总分关系。用 “Not only. . . also. . . ” 结构构建递进逻辑, 在承接前文 “提供饮品” 的基础上, 以 “smiles” 引出核心内容, 形成 “基础服务→特色服务” 的递进;同时, “smiles” 作为总述词, 统领后文墨菲的微笑服务细节, 构建总分结构。
线索词汇: 同义复现 + 关键词衔接。“drinks” 与前文 “quick pick-me-up(饮品提神)”同义复现, “smiles” 作为后文墨菲服务的核心关键词, 提前铺垫。
37. 【解析】选D。上文描述 “她在机器间来回制作饮品”, 下文衔接 “顾客从她手中接过饮品时, 她微笑问候”。设空处需补充制作饮品后的流程环节。D 选项“完成订单后, 她会喊出杯身上的名字” 中, “finishing an order” 与 “制作饮品” 形成动作延续, “calls out the name” 自然引出顾客取餐场景, 构成 “制作—叫号—交付” 的完整服务链条。故选 D。
【技法要点】逻辑关系: 时间顺序 + 并列关系。依据 “制作饮品→叫号→交付饮品” 的时间顺序, D 选项 “finishing an order” 与前文 “make the drinks” 形成动作承接, “calls out the name” 与后文 “customer grabs the drink” 构成连续动作;同时, 各环节并列呈现完整服务流程。
线索词汇: 动作关键词复现。“finishing an order” 呼应 “make the drinks”(制作完成), “calls out” 与 “grabs” 通过动作关联, 强化服务场景的连贯性。
38. 【解析】选C。上文提及 “墨菲每天 4: 45 起床, 驱车 30 分钟准时上班”, 下文提到 “我这样做是因为喜欢为学生煮咖啡”。设空处需进一步体现其对工作的投入。C 选项“有时她会提前到岗, 尽早为学生服务” 中, “arrives early” 在 “准时上班” 基础上补充了主动性, “serve the students early” 与 “喜欢为学生煮咖啡” 相呼应, 凸显其敬业态度。故选 C。
【技法要点】逻辑关系: 因果关系 + 递进关系。“arrives early” 是对前文 “准时上班” 的程度递进, 进一步体现敬业态度;“serve the students early” 与后文 “make coffee for the students” 形成因果逻辑, 解释提前到岗的原因。
线索词汇: 原词复现 + 同义替换。“students” 原词复现, “serve. . . early” 与 “make coffee” 通过 “服务学生” 的同义场景衔接, 突出服务的主动性。
39. 【解析】选F。上文介绍 “政治学大四学生乔安娜每周至少去咖啡馆 6 天”, 下文引用她的评价 “凯瑟琳总是笑容满面, 让我心情愉悦”。设空处需解释她高频光顾的原因。F 选项“去咖啡馆让她开启美好的一天, 为上课做好准备” 中, “starts her day off good” 直接呼应 “每周至少6天” 的习惯, 而 “cheerful mood” 与墨菲的微笑服务形成因果关联。故选 F。
【技法要点】逻辑关系: 因果关系 + 解释关系。F 选项解释了乔安娜 “每周至少去 6 天” 的原因, 以 “starts her day off good” 说明咖啡馆对她日常生活的积极影响;同时, “cheerful mood” 与墨菲的微笑形成因果关联, 解释 “好心情” 的来源。
线索词汇: 情感关键词呼应。“good”“cheerful mood” 通过情感类词汇形成同义呼应, 强调墨菲微笑服务带来的积极情绪传递。
40. 【解析】选G。下文提到 “她完全打算留下, 继续做热爱的事”。设空处需体现其对工作的长期投入。G 选项“她已在此服务 17 年, 无法想象去其他地方工作” 中, “17 years” 以具体年限强调资历, “can’t imagine working anywhere else” 深化对咖啡馆的情感归属, 与 “staying” 形成直接呼应。故选 G。
【技法要点】逻辑关系: 递进关系 + 例证关系。“17 years” 以具体数据例证墨菲对工作的长期投入, 是对 “enjoy working” 的进一步说明;“can’t imagine working anywhere else” 与后文 “staying and continuing” 形成递进逻辑, 强化情感归属。
线索词汇: 时间与态度关键词匹配。“17 years” 与 “staying” 形成时间维度的呼应, “can’t imagine. . . else” 与 “every intention of staying” 通过态度类关键词凸显对工作的坚定选择。
真题演练·巩固提升
(会实践 Practice)
在文章中用波浪线画出空格前(后)解题的关键信息, 尝试解题并说出解题思路。
(2025·全国Ⅱ卷)
Unexpected Benefits of Volunteering as a Family
Are you looking for a way to bring your family together Hoping to find a hobby that can be shared by both the little ones and adults 36 You may know the “feel-good” emotions that come with helping others, but there are even more unexpected ways volunteering will positively affect the whole family.
·You’ll feel like you have more time.
People often feel they are too busy to volunteer. Yet, research has found that giving your time to community causes actually makes you feel like you have more of it. 37
·You can live longer if you volunteer regularly.
38 Washington University found that adults 55 and older who volunteered had better memory and maintained overall health longer than others their age. Volunteers are also more likely to look after their own health and are more focused on adding physical activity into their lives.
· 39
Volunteering during teenage years has been linked to some major positive effects such as improved grades and increased self-confidence. These effects aren’t just short-term but have been proved to affect a teen’s well-being in the years to come.
·You’ll have more time with family.
Families who volunteer together have the unique experience of working toward a common goal. 40 Everyone brings something unique to the table and can connect with each other in a new way. And, there are tasks for every age and ability, so all your children can feel proud of their work.
A. Helping the community lowers rates of depression.
B. Volunteering as a family may be just the thing you need.
C. Volunteering has a lifelong effect on kids and teenagers.
D. Volunteering can be the first step in breaking down prejudice.
E. For adults, volunteering can provide significant physical health benefits.
F. You may even learn that your kid has a talent you didn’t know about before.
G. Volunteering makes you feel capable and inspires you to make the most of each day.
【尝试解题】
36. 选 。线索词汇: 原词复现 + 同义复现。“Volunteering as a family” 中 “family” 与前文 “bring your family together” 原词复现, 前文“a hobby that can be shared” 与 “Volunteering” 形成 “共同爱好” 的同义关联。
37. 选 。线索词汇: 同义复现。“make the most of each day” 与段落主题 “feel like you have more time” 同义替换, 强化 “时间管理” 的语义关联。
38. 选 。线索词汇: 原词复现。“adults” 与后文 “adults 55 and older” 原词复现, “health benefits” 匹配 “maintained overall health”。
39. 选 。线索词汇: 同义复现。“lifelong effect” 与后文 “affect a teen’s well-being in the years to come” 同义替换, “teenagers” 与 “teenage years” 同义复现。
40. 选 。线索词汇: 同义复现 + 情境衔接。“kid” 与下文“children” 同义复现, “you didn’t know about before” 通过情境复现(发现天赋的新互动方式)衔接上文 “unique experience” 的描述。
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章聚焦家庭志愿活动, 阐述其诸多意想不到的益处。
36. 【解析】选B。开篇以连续设问 “想找让家人团聚的方式 希望发掘大人小孩都能参与的爱好 ” 引出需求。空格处需给出解决方案。B 选项“全家一起做志愿活动或许正是你需要的” 中, “Volunteering as a family” 直接呼应 “bring your family together” 与 “a hobby that can be shared”, 自然引出下文对家庭志愿活动益处的展开, 符合语境。故选 B。
【技法要点】
逻辑关系: 总分关系 + 因果关系。开篇通过设问 “寻找家庭团聚方式” 建立 “需求→解决方案” 的因果逻辑, B 选项作为总述句, 直接回应前文需求, 形成 “问题→答案” 的总分结构。
37. 【解析】选G。段落主题为 “感觉时间更充裕”, 上文提到 “研究发现投身社区事业反而让人觉得时间更充足”, 设空处需解释这一现象的原因。G 选项“志愿活动让你感到有能力, 并激励你充分利用每一天” 中, “feel capable” 和 “make the most of each day” 从心理层面阐释了为何会产生时间充裕感, 与 “feel like you have more time” 形成因果关联。故选 G。
【技法要点】
逻辑关系: 因果关系。段落前半部分提出 “志愿活动让人感觉时间更充裕” 这一结果, G 选项解释原因, 通过 “因果标志词(Yet 隐含转折后的因果)” 形成 “结果→原因” 的逻辑链。
38. 【解析】选E。下文提及 “华盛顿大学研究表明, 55 岁及以上的志愿者比同龄人记忆力更好、整体健康维持更久”, 聚焦成年人健康获益。E 选项“对成年人而言, 志愿活动能带来显著的身体健康益处” 中, “For adults” 对应研究对象, “physical health benefits” 精准概括 “better memory” 和 “maintained overall health”, 契合段落核心。故选 E。
【技法要点】
逻辑关系: 例证关系。设空后引用华盛顿大学研究数据, E 选项作为观点句, 与后文形成 “观点→例子” 的例证结构。
39. 【解析】选C。下文指出 “青少年时期做志愿活动可提升成绩、增强自信, 且影响长远”, 强调对年轻人的长期作用。C 选项“志愿活动对儿童和青少年具有终身影响” 中, “lifelong effect” 对应 “affect a teen’s well-being in the years to come”, “kids and teenagers” 覆盖讨论群体, 准确提炼段落主旨。故选 C。
【技法要点】
逻辑关系: 总分关系。设空处为段落标题句, 需概括后文 “青少年做志愿活动的长期积极影响”, C 选项以总述句形式提炼核心, 后文 “improved grades and increased self-confidence” 为分述细节。
40. 【解析】选F。上文提到 “共同做志愿活动的家庭有朝共同目标努力的独特体验”, 下文补充 “每个人都能带来独特价值并以新方式联结”。设空处需细化家庭互动场景。F 选项“你甚至可能发现你的孩子拥有以前未知的天赋” 中, “learn that your kid has a talent” 具体体现 “Everyone brings something unique”, 下文“new way” 呼应 “发现天赋” 的新颖体验, 衔接上下文逻辑。故选 F。
【技法要点】
逻辑关系: 例证关系 + 并列关系。设空处用 “发现孩子天赋” 的具体例子, 支撑前文 “家庭共同做志愿活动的独特体验”, 同时与后文 “Everyone brings something unique” 形成并列的细节支撑。
专题二 七选五
专题概览·思维导航
三年考情·透视规律
(辨模式 Patterns)
【分析考情考题】
考试
年份 试卷
名称 体裁 主题语境 话题 词数 设空位置
段首 段中 段尾
2025 全国Ⅰ卷 记叙文 人与自我 为大学生服务的咖啡师 259 0 4 1
全国Ⅱ卷 说明文 人与社会 家庭志愿活动的益处 245 2 2 1
考试
年份 试卷
名称 体裁 主题语境 话题 词数 设空位置
段首 段中 段尾
2024 新高考Ⅰ卷 记叙文 人与自我 对纸质词典的热爱 263 1 4 0
新高考Ⅱ卷 说明文 人与社会 对过度旅游的探讨和建议 249 1 3 1
2023 新高考Ⅰ卷 说明文 人与自我 如何自我宽恕 241 0 4 1
新高考Ⅱ卷 说明文 人与社会 有关开启艺术之旅的一些建议 246 1 3 1
【辨识选项特征】
真题再现·探究技法
(明实例 Examples)
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文, 讲述了咖啡师凯瑟琳·墨菲(Catherine Murphy)用热情服务和真诚微笑影响师生的故事, 展现了她作为 “无名英雄” 的平凡与可贵。
(2025·全国Ⅰ卷)
An Unsung Hero
Need a break between classes or just a quick pick-me-up in the morning The College Cafe has just that, and more. 36
Catherine Murphy, a cafe worker in a green shirt and black hat, makes sure that each customer gets exactly what they order. She goes back and forth between machines to make the drinks. 37 As the customer grabs the drink from her hand, she smiles and says, “Hello, how is your day ” Even when the line is getting longer, she doesn’t let it get in the way of her genuine conversations.
Murphy gets up at a quarter to five and drives thirty minutes every day to get to work on time. 38 “I do so because I like to make coffee for the students. I know they need it in the morning, ” Murphy said. Being a mother and wife has helped her become the woman she is. She believes she is here to serve.
One thing Murphy may not know is that her smile is contagious(有感染力) and can be the difference in a student having a much better day than they were having before seeing her. Joanna Wright, a senior political science major, loves coffee and goes to the cafe at least six days a week. 39 “Catherine always has a huge smile on her face, which always puts me in a cheerful mood, ” Wright said.
“I enjoy working in the cafe, ” Murphy said. 40 She has every intention of staying and continuing doing what she loves.
A. The cafe closes at 9 pm every day.
B. She has two children aged eight and four.
C. Sometimes she arrives early to serve the students early.
D. After finishing an order, she calls out the name on the cup.
E. Not only does this cafe serve up drinks, it also serves up smiles.
F. Going to the cafe starts her day off good and gets her ready for class.
G. She has served here for 17 years and can’t imagine working anywhere else.
36. 【解析】选E。开篇通过设问 “课间需要休息或早晨快速提神 大学咖啡馆能满足这些, 甚至更多” 引出主题。空格处需阐释 “更多” 的具体含义。E 选项“这家咖啡馆不仅提供饮品, 还传递微笑” 以 “Not only. . . also. . . ” 结构, 既承接上文, 又通过 “smiles” 引出核心人物墨菲的服务特色, 为后文铺垫, 符合语境。故选 E。
【技法要点】逻辑关系: 递进关系 + 总分关系。用 “Not only. . . also. . . ” 结构构建递进逻辑, 在承接前文 “提供饮品” 的基础上, 以 “smiles” 引出核心内容, 形成 “基础服务→特色服务” 的递进;同时, “smiles” 作为总述词, 统领后文墨菲的微笑服务细节, 构建总分结构。
线索词汇: 同义复现 + 关键词衔接。“drinks” 与前文 “quick pick-me-up(饮品提神)”同义复现, “smiles” 作为后文墨菲服务的核心关键词, 提前铺垫。
37. 【解析】选D。上文描述 “她在机器间来回制作饮品”, 下文衔接 “顾客从她手中接过饮品时, 她微笑问候”。设空处需补充制作饮品后的流程环节。D 选项“完成订单后, 她会喊出杯身上的名字” 中, “finishing an order” 与 “制作饮品” 形成动作延续, “calls out the name” 自然引出顾客取餐场景, 构成 “制作—叫号—交付” 的完整服务链条。故选 D。
【技法要点】逻辑关系: 时间顺序 + 并列关系。依据 “制作饮品→叫号→交付饮品” 的时间顺序, D 选项 “finishing an order” 与前文 “make the drinks” 形成动作承接, “calls out the name” 与后文 “customer grabs the drink” 构成连续动作;同时, 各环节并列呈现完整服务流程。
线索词汇: 动作关键词复现。“finishing an order” 呼应 “make the drinks”(制作完成), “calls out” 与 “grabs” 通过动作关联, 强化服务场景的连贯性。
38. 【解析】选C。上文提及 “墨菲每天 4: 45 起床, 驱车 30 分钟准时上班”, 下文提到 “我这样做是因为喜欢为学生煮咖啡”。设空处需进一步体现其对工作的投入。C 选项“有时她会提前到岗, 尽早为学生服务” 中, “arrives early” 在 “准时上班” 基础上补充了主动性, “serve the students early” 与 “喜欢为学生煮咖啡” 相呼应, 凸显其敬业态度。故选 C。
【技法要点】逻辑关系: 因果关系 + 递进关系。“arrives early” 是对前文 “准时上班” 的程度递进, 进一步体现敬业态度;“serve the students early” 与后文 “make coffee for the students” 形成因果逻辑, 解释提前到岗的原因。
线索词汇: 原词复现 + 同义替换。“students” 原词复现, “serve. . . early” 与 “make coffee” 通过 “服务学生” 的同义场景衔接, 突出服务的主动性。
39. 【解析】选F。上文介绍 “政治学大四学生乔安娜每周至少去咖啡馆 6 天”, 下文引用她的评价 “凯瑟琳总是笑容满面, 让我心情愉悦”。设空处需解释她高频光顾的原因。F 选项“去咖啡馆让她开启美好的一天, 为上课做好准备” 中, “starts her day off good” 直接呼应 “每周至少6天” 的习惯, 而 “cheerful mood” 与墨菲的微笑服务形成因果关联。故选 F。
【技法要点】逻辑关系: 因果关系 + 解释关系。F 选项解释了乔安娜 “每周至少去 6 天” 的原因, 以 “starts her day off good” 说明咖啡馆对她日常生活的积极影响;同时, “cheerful mood” 与墨菲的微笑形成因果关联, 解释 “好心情” 的来源。
线索词汇: 情感关键词呼应。“good”“cheerful mood” 通过情感类词汇形成同义呼应, 强调墨菲微笑服务带来的积极情绪传递。
40. 【解析】选G。下文提到 “她完全打算留下, 继续做热爱的事”。设空处需体现其对工作的长期投入。G 选项“她已在此服务 17 年, 无法想象去其他地方工作” 中, “17 years” 以具体年限强调资历, “can’t imagine working anywhere else” 深化对咖啡馆的情感归属, 与 “staying” 形成直接呼应。故选 G。
【技法要点】逻辑关系: 递进关系 + 例证关系。“17 years” 以具体数据例证墨菲对工作的长期投入, 是对 “enjoy working” 的进一步说明;“can’t imagine working anywhere else” 与后文 “staying and continuing” 形成递进逻辑, 强化情感归属。
线索词汇: 时间与态度关键词匹配。“17 years” 与 “staying” 形成时间维度的呼应, “can’t imagine. . . else” 与 “every intention of staying” 通过态度类关键词凸显对工作的坚定选择。
真题演练·巩固提升
(会实践 Practice)
在文章中用波浪线画出空格前(后)解题的关键信息, 尝试解题并说出解题思路。
(2025·全国Ⅱ卷)
Unexpected Benefits of Volunteering as a Family
Are you looking for a way to bring your family together Hoping to find a hobby that can be shared by both the little ones and adults 36 You may know the “feel-good” emotions that come with helping others, but there are even more unexpected ways volunteering will positively affect the whole family.
·You’ll feel like you have more time.
People often feel they are too busy to volunteer. Yet, research has found that giving your time to community causes actually makes you feel like you have more of it. 37
·You can live longer if you volunteer regularly.
38 Washington University found that adults 55 and older who volunteered had better memory and maintained overall health longer than others their age. Volunteers are also more likely to look after their own health and are more focused on adding physical activity into their lives.
· 39
Volunteering during teenage years has been linked to some major positive effects such as improved grades and increased self-confidence. These effects aren’t just short-term but have been proved to affect a teen’s well-being in the years to come.
·You’ll have more time with family.
Families who volunteer together have the unique experience of working toward a common goal. 40 Everyone brings something unique to the table and can connect with each other in a new way. And, there are tasks for every age and ability, so all your children can feel proud of their work.
A. Helping the community lowers rates of depression.
B. Volunteering as a family may be just the thing you need.
C. Volunteering has a lifelong effect on kids and teenagers.
D. Volunteering can be the first step in breaking down prejudice.
E. For adults, volunteering can provide significant physical health benefits.
F. You may even learn that your kid has a talent you didn’t know about before.
G. Volunteering makes you feel capable and inspires you to make the most of each day.
【尝试解题】
36. 选 。线索词汇: 原词复现 + 同义复现。“Volunteering as a family” 中 “family” 与前文 “bring your family together” 原词复现, 前文“a hobby that can be shared” 与 “Volunteering” 形成 “共同爱好” 的同义关联。
37. 选 。线索词汇: 同义复现。“make the most of each day” 与段落主题 “feel like you have more time” 同义替换, 强化 “时间管理” 的语义关联。
38. 选 。线索词汇: 原词复现。“adults” 与后文 “adults 55 and older” 原词复现, “health benefits” 匹配 “maintained overall health”。
39. 选 。线索词汇: 同义复现。“lifelong effect” 与后文 “affect a teen’s well-being in the years to come” 同义替换, “teenagers” 与 “teenage years” 同义复现。
40. 选 。线索词汇: 同义复现 + 情境衔接。“kid” 与下文“children” 同义复现, “you didn’t know about before” 通过情境复现(发现天赋的新互动方式)衔接上文 “unique experience” 的描述。
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章聚焦家庭志愿活动, 阐述其诸多意想不到的益处。
36. 【解析】选B。开篇以连续设问 “想找让家人团聚的方式 希望发掘大人小孩都能参与的爱好 ” 引出需求。空格处需给出解决方案。B 选项“全家一起做志愿活动或许正是你需要的” 中, “Volunteering as a family” 直接呼应 “bring your family together” 与 “a hobby that can be shared”, 自然引出下文对家庭志愿活动益处的展开, 符合语境。故选 B。
【技法要点】
逻辑关系: 总分关系 + 因果关系。开篇通过设问 “寻找家庭团聚方式” 建立 “需求→解决方案” 的因果逻辑, B 选项作为总述句, 直接回应前文需求, 形成 “问题→答案” 的总分结构。
37. 【解析】选G。段落主题为 “感觉时间更充裕”, 上文提到 “研究发现投身社区事业反而让人觉得时间更充足”, 设空处需解释这一现象的原因。G 选项“志愿活动让你感到有能力, 并激励你充分利用每一天” 中, “feel capable” 和 “make the most of each day” 从心理层面阐释了为何会产生时间充裕感, 与 “feel like you have more time” 形成因果关联。故选 G。
【技法要点】
逻辑关系: 因果关系。段落前半部分提出 “志愿活动让人感觉时间更充裕” 这一结果, G 选项解释原因, 通过 “因果标志词(Yet 隐含转折后的因果)” 形成 “结果→原因” 的逻辑链。
38. 【解析】选E。下文提及 “华盛顿大学研究表明, 55 岁及以上的志愿者比同龄人记忆力更好、整体健康维持更久”, 聚焦成年人健康获益。E 选项“对成年人而言, 志愿活动能带来显著的身体健康益处” 中, “For adults” 对应研究对象, “physical health benefits” 精准概括 “better memory” 和 “maintained overall health”, 契合段落核心。故选 E。
【技法要点】
逻辑关系: 例证关系。设空后引用华盛顿大学研究数据, E 选项作为观点句, 与后文形成 “观点→例子” 的例证结构。
39. 【解析】选C。下文指出 “青少年时期做志愿活动可提升成绩、增强自信, 且影响长远”, 强调对年轻人的长期作用。C 选项“志愿活动对儿童和青少年具有终身影响” 中, “lifelong effect” 对应 “affect a teen’s well-being in the years to come”, “kids and teenagers” 覆盖讨论群体, 准确提炼段落主旨。故选 C。
【技法要点】
逻辑关系: 总分关系。设空处为段落标题句, 需概括后文 “青少年做志愿活动的长期积极影响”, C 选项以总述句形式提炼核心, 后文 “improved grades and increased self-confidence” 为分述细节。
40. 【解析】选F。上文提到 “共同做志愿活动的家庭有朝共同目标努力的独特体验”, 下文补充 “每个人都能带来独特价值并以新方式联结”。设空处需细化家庭互动场景。F 选项“你甚至可能发现你的孩子拥有以前未知的天赋” 中, “learn that your kid has a talent” 具体体现 “Everyone brings something unique”, 下文“new way” 呼应 “发现天赋” 的新颖体验, 衔接上下文逻辑。故选 F。
【技法要点】
逻辑关系: 例证关系 + 并列关系。设空处用 “发现孩子天赋” 的具体例子, 支撑前文 “家庭共同做志愿活动的独特体验”, 同时与后文 “Everyone brings something unique” 形成并列的细节支撑。