高考英语二轮复习阅读专题一第4节词句猜测题——逆向思维课件
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| 名称 | 高考英语二轮复习阅读专题一第4节词句猜测题——逆向思维课件 |
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| 更新时间 | 2026-04-08 00:00:00 | ||
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(共43张PPT)
第4节 词句猜测题——逆向思维
技法探究 强化意识
【考查类型】
【解题步骤】
精练新题 提升素养
Passage 1
(2025·安徽模拟)
Before joining Washington D. C. -based District Running Collective, Fallon Jones wasn’t a runner. “We were doing CrossFit then—there was this group of people who ran up the street, ” says Jones. She was attracted after her first run with the group the following week. “I was in the slower pace group, but everybody was there at the end to cheer me on, ” she adds.
The first known running club, the Thames Hare and Hounds, was established in 1868 in London, promoting the sport as a social activity. Over the decades, running clubs have spread across Europe and North America, initially attracting competitive runners but gradually appealing to a broader audience seeking support, motivation and friendship. In recent years, online platforms have allowed runners to connect, making running more accessible and inclusive.
Nowadays, conversational running is becoming a trend. Conversational running, which refers to maintaining a pace at which you can comfortably speak as you move, is often associated with Zone 2 training, which involves an intensity of 60—70 percent of your maximum heart rate. Kristen Hislop, a certified running coach, says people often struggle to achieve this pace though it doesn’t feel like an “arduous” workout; it’s often much slower than you’d anticipate. “But while it isn’t especially challenging, doing low-intensity exercise regularly can build endurance(耐力) so you’ll be able to go longer and further, ” says Hislop. “You’re also going to recover faster and reduce your risk of injuries. ”
Conversational running is also good for your relationships. “If you’re near somebody but not necessarily facing them eye to eye, you might be more willing to express yourself or you might just feel a little bit less shy, ” says Rachel Goldberg, a licensed family therapist who incorporates walk-and-talk sessions into her practice. This can lead to deeper conversations and stronger connections.
Despite the benefits of running with others, finding the right run club to fit your needs is crucial. Jones knew her club was the right fit after her first outing. “They did a really good job in explaining the different pace groups, ” she says. “As someone who’s approaching 40, it has been a blessing to find friends of all ages here at this stage in life. ”
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了法伦·琼斯的经历, 介绍了她从非跑步者到加入跑步俱乐部的转变, 以及跑步俱乐部如何吸引不同人群、促进社交和提供心理和身体上的益处。
1. What does Paragraph 2 mainly talk about
A. The popularity of running clubs.
B. The origin of conversational running.
C. The development of running clubs.
D. The advances in fitness technologies.
【解析】选C。段落大意题。第二段主要讲述了跑步俱乐部的发展历程。故选C。
√
2. What does the underlined word “arduous” in Paragraph 3 mean
A. Exceptional. B. Annual.
C. Rewarding. D. Tough.
【解析】选D。词义猜测题。根据上文“Conversational running, which refers to maintaining a pace at which you can comfortably speak as you move. . . ”可知, 对话式跑步应该比较轻松, 而有些人需要“often struggle”才能跟上这样的步伐, 尽管这个步伐“doesn’t”感觉像是 “arduous” 的锻炼。 由此推测“arduous”应该是“艰难的;费力的”意思。故选D。
√
3. What does Rachel Goldberg say about conversational running
A. It is a high-intensity exercise.
B. It makes people willing to open up.
C. It frees people of work stress.
D. It enhances people’s mental clarity.
√
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第四段“‘If you’re near somebody but not necessarily facing them eye to eye, you might be more willing to express yourself or you might just feel a little bit less shy, ’ says Rachel Goldberg, a licensed family therapist who incorporates walk-and-talk sessions into her practice. This can lead to deeper conversations and stronger connections. ”可知, Rachel Goldberg 认为如果你靠近某人但不一定面对面, 你可能会更愿意表达自己, 或者只是感觉不那么害羞, 这可以带来更深入的对话和更紧密的联系。所以她认为对话式跑步能让人们更愿意敞开心扉。故选B。
4. What attracts Jones best about District Running Collective
A. Its capability to group. B. Its access to local cultures.
C. Its promising future. D. Its obvious health benefits.
【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Jones knew her club was the right fit after her first outing. ‘They did a really good job in explaining the different pace groups, ’ she says. ‘As someone who’s approaching 40, it has been a blessing to find friends of all ages here at this stage in life. ’”可知, 琼斯在第一次参加活动后就知道这个俱乐部很适合她, 因为俱乐部在解释不同的配速分组方面做得很好, 而且在这里她能找到各个年龄段的朋友。所以最吸引琼斯的是俱乐部分组的能力。故选A。
√
Passage 2
(2025·南京模拟)
In my last recent job, I taught academic writing to doctoral students at a technical college. My graduate students, many of whom were computer scientists, understood the mechanisms of generative AI better than I do. They recognized large language models(LLMs) like ChatGPT as unreliable research tools. They knew that models are trained on existing data and therefore cannot produce novel research. However, that knowledge did not stop my students from relying heavily on generative AI. Several students admitted to drafting their research in note form and asking ChatGPT to write their articles.
As an experienced teacher, I reminded students that ChatGPT may change the meaning of a text when asked to revise, that it can produce biased and inaccurate information, that it does not generate stylistically strong writing and, for those grade-oriented students, that it does not result in A-level work. It did not matter. The students still used it.
Students who outsource their writing to AI lose an opportunity to think more deeply about their research. Using ChatGPT to complete assignments is bringing a forklift(叉车) into the weight room.
Generative AI is, in some ways, a democratizing(民主化的) tool. Many of my students were non-native speakers of English. Their writing frequently contained grammatical errors. Generative AI is effective at correcting grammar. However, the technology often changes vocabulary and changes meaning even when the only prompt is “fix the grammar”. As a result, I found myself spending many hours grading writing that I knew was generated by AI. That is, I found myself spending more time giving feedback to AI than to my students. So I quit.
The best educators will adapt to AI. Teachers will find ways to encourage students to think critically and know what is writing. However, those lessons require that students be willing to leave their comfort zone. Students must learn to move forward with faith in their own cognitive abilities as they write and revise their way into clarity. With few exceptions, my students were not willing to enter those uncomfortable spaces or remain there long enough to discover the power of writing.
【文章大意】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要围绕作者在教学过程中观察到的学生使用生成式人工智能进行学术写作的现象展开, 表达了作者对这一现象的担忧和批评。
1. What’s the problem with the author’s students
A. Unfamiliarity with LLMs.
B. Heavy dependence on ChatGPT.
C. Failure to use existing novel research.
D. Unawareness of the technology drawbacks.
√
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据文章第一段“However, that knowledge did not stop my students from relying heavily on generative AI. Several students admitted to drafting their research in note form and asking ChatGPT to write their articles. ”可知, 学生们虽然知道像ChatGPT这样的生成式人工智能存在问题, 但那并不能阻止他们严重依赖生成式人工智能, 甚至有学生让ChatGPT来写文章。故选B。
2. What does the underlined sentence mean
A. The students should refuse to use ChatGPT.
B. The students can use a forklift to improve their writing.
C. The students balance the development of body and mind.
D. The students will never improve their cognitive fitness that way.
√
【解析】选D。句意猜测题。根据画线句子上文以及“Students who outsource their writing to AI lose an opportunity to think more deeply about their research. Using ChatGPT to complete assignments is bringing a forklift into the weight room. ”可推测, 把使用ChatGPT完成作业比作把叉车开进健身房, 健身房是锻炼提升的地方, 而叉车对于在健身房锻炼没有帮助, 反而破坏了锻炼的意义。这里是说使用ChatGPT完成作业就如同这样, 学生不能通过这种方式提升自己的能力, 因为他们没有真正地去思考和锻炼自己的思维, 就像在健身房里用叉车而不是进行正常的锻炼一样, 达不到提升的目的。故选D。
3. What do we know about the author’s experience with grading AI-generated
writing
A. The author enjoyed it as it was error-free.
B. The author found it a quick and easy task.
C. The author spent more time responding to AI.
D. The author preferred it over students’ original work.
【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据文章第四段“As a result, I found myself spending many hours grading writing that I knew was generated by AI. That is, I found myself spending more time giving feedback to AI than to my students. ”可知, 作者发现自己花了更多的时间用来对人工智能进行反馈。故选C。
√
4. What is a best solution according to the author
A. Students learn to push through the discomfort.
B. Educators find ways to adapt to the technology.
C. Teachers move away from mechanical activities.
D. Students regain their faith in the technology change.
【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知, 对于学生来说, 最好的解决办法是学会克服这种不舒服, 走出舒适区, 提升自己。故选A。
√
外刊原创 高考同源
Passage 3
In the summer of 2024, a robotic mission landed for the first time on the far side of the Moon. The Chinese Chang’e-6 lander planted a flag, dug up more than four pounds of rock and soil, and brought it back home—an accomplishment widely praised as a technological tour de force.
That mission, and the 2020 Chang’e-5 robotic mission before it, are the first to return lunar rocks to Earth since the 1970s. Together they are building on what scientists learned from Apollo-era missions, helping to solve mysteries about how the Moon was formed and why it looks the way it does today, and providing clues about our solar system’s history.
But big puzzles remain, such as why the far side of the Moon—the half that always faces away from Earth—is so different from the near side. And what is behind the surprising finding that lunar volcanoes may have been active much more recently than previously thought “The more we look at the Moon, the more we’ve discovered—and the more we realize how little we know, ” says Clive R. Neal, a geologist at the University of Notre Dame who specializes in lunar exploration.
With NASA planning to send astronauts back to the Moon’s surface in several years, geologists are excited about what rocks they might find there and the scientific secrets those samples could reveal—along with what resources could be mined for a future Moon base, or for renewable energy back home on Earth.
The samples brought home from the Moon in the 1970s by the Apollo missions and the Soviet Union’s Luna missions cleared up quite a lot about the Moon’s history. Because the lunar samples shared strong similarities with Earth rocks, this added weight to the idea that the Moon was formed when a Mars-sized object called Theia collided(碰撞) with the primitive Earth roughly 4. 5 billion years ago.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章从机器人从月球背面着陆谈到月球的历史及月壤结构。
1. What does the underlined part “tour de force” in Paragraph 1 probably mean
A. Masterpiece. B. Mystery.
C. Challenge. D. Cooperation.
【解析】选A。词义猜测题。根据“accomplishment widely praised”所表达的意思可推测, 画线词应该是对这一科学成就的褒奖。故选A。
√
2. Which word can best describe the feeling of Clive R. Neal
A. Disappointed. B. Confused.
C. Excited. D. Worried.
【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第三段第一句中的“But big puzzles remain”以及抛出的问题, 可推测他对于已知月球的知识感到迷茫。故选B。
√
3. What is NASA’s long-term goal for returning to the Moon
A. To make use of its resources.
B. To prove NASA’s technology.
C. To develop lunar tourism.
D. To protect this satellite.
【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“. . . what resources could be mined for a future Moon base, or for renewable energy back home on Earth. . . ”可知, NASA重返月球的长期目标是利用月球资源。故选A。
√
4. What did scientists find about the Moon from samples of the Apollo missions and the Soviet Union’s Luna missions
A. What it looked like.
B. How it was formed.
C. When it came into being.
D. Whether it was worth exploring.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据最后一段中“this added weight to the idea that the Moon was formed when a Mars-sized object called Theia collided with the primitive Earth roughly 4. 5 billion years ago”可知, 通过分析阿波罗任务和苏联的月球任务带回的样本, 推测月球可能是行星碰撞地球所产生的。故选B。
√
反复精读 识记积累
障碍词语 establish v. 建立, 设立;initially adv. 开始, 最初;accessible adj. 可到达
的;inclusive adj. 包容广阔的;conversational adj. 会话式的;intensity
n. 强度; maximum adj. 最大的;certified adj. 获得资格的;anticipate
v. 预期, 预料;incorporate v. 包含 (Passage 1)
doctoral adj. 博士的;generative adj. 生成的; draft v. 起草;biased
adj. 有偏见的; inaccurate adj. 不精确的;stylistically adv. 在文体上;
outsource v. 外包; frequently adv. 经常地, 频繁地; prompt n. 提示;
critically adv. 评判性地; clarity n. 清晰易懂;思路清晰 (Passage 2)
accomplishment n. 成就, 成绩;mystery n. 奥秘; specialize vi. 专门研
究(或从事), 专攻;reveal v. 揭示, 透露; similarity n. 相似性;相似点;
primitive adj. 原始的, 远古的; roughly adv. 粗略地 (Passage 3)
熟词生义 license 熟义: n. 执照, 许可证 文中义: adj. 得到许可的 (Passage 1)
novel 熟义: n. 小说 文中义: adj. 新颖的, 珍奇的
grade 熟义: n. 等级, 年级 文中义: v. 按照级别安排或分配, 分类 (Passage 2)
land 熟义: n. 陆地, 地面 文中义: v. 着陆, 降落
mine 熟义: pron. 我的 n. 矿, 矿井 文中义: v. 采(煤等矿物) (Passage 3)
长难句分析 Conversational running, which refers to maintaining a pace at which you can comfortably speak as you move, is often associated with Zone 2 training, which involves an intensity of 60—70 percent of your maximum heart rate.
分析: 句中含有两个which引导的非限制性定语从句;其中第一个定语从句中又包含由at which 引导的定语从句, 构成“介词+which”结构。
翻译: 对话式跑步(指在运动过程中保持能够自如交谈的配速)通常与第二训练区间相关联, 该区间的训练强度相当于最大心率的60%-70%。 (Passage 1)
长难句分析 1. As an experienced teacher, I reminded students that ChatGPT may change the meaning of a text when asked to revise, that it can produce biased and inaccurate information, that it does not generate stylistically strong writing and, for those grade-oriented students, that it does not result in A-level work.
分析: 本句是remind sb. that. . . 结构, 有四个并列that从句: that ChatGPT may change. . . , that it can produce. . . , that it does not generate. . . , and, for those grade-oriented students, that. . . 。
翻译: 作为一名经验丰富的教师, 我提醒学生们: ChatGPT在修改文本时可能会改变原意, 它可能生成带有偏见或不准确的信息, 其写作风格也缺乏力度。对于那些追求成绩的学生, 我还要特别强调——依赖ChatGPT绝不可能产出A级水平的作业。 (Passage 2)
长难句分析 2. Together they are building on what scientists learned from Apollo-era missions, helping to solve mysteries about how the Moon was formed and why it looks the way it does today, and providing clues about our solar system’s history.
翻译: 他们共同建立在科学家从阿波罗时代的任务中所学到的基础上, 帮助解开月球是如何形成的谜团, 以及它为什么是今天的样子, 并为我们了解太阳系的历史提供线索。 (Passage 3)
第4节 词句猜测题——逆向思维
技法探究 强化意识
【考查类型】
【解题步骤】
精练新题 提升素养
Passage 1
(2025·安徽模拟)
Before joining Washington D. C. -based District Running Collective, Fallon Jones wasn’t a runner. “We were doing CrossFit then—there was this group of people who ran up the street, ” says Jones. She was attracted after her first run with the group the following week. “I was in the slower pace group, but everybody was there at the end to cheer me on, ” she adds.
The first known running club, the Thames Hare and Hounds, was established in 1868 in London, promoting the sport as a social activity. Over the decades, running clubs have spread across Europe and North America, initially attracting competitive runners but gradually appealing to a broader audience seeking support, motivation and friendship. In recent years, online platforms have allowed runners to connect, making running more accessible and inclusive.
Nowadays, conversational running is becoming a trend. Conversational running, which refers to maintaining a pace at which you can comfortably speak as you move, is often associated with Zone 2 training, which involves an intensity of 60—70 percent of your maximum heart rate. Kristen Hislop, a certified running coach, says people often struggle to achieve this pace though it doesn’t feel like an “arduous” workout; it’s often much slower than you’d anticipate. “But while it isn’t especially challenging, doing low-intensity exercise regularly can build endurance(耐力) so you’ll be able to go longer and further, ” says Hislop. “You’re also going to recover faster and reduce your risk of injuries. ”
Conversational running is also good for your relationships. “If you’re near somebody but not necessarily facing them eye to eye, you might be more willing to express yourself or you might just feel a little bit less shy, ” says Rachel Goldberg, a licensed family therapist who incorporates walk-and-talk sessions into her practice. This can lead to deeper conversations and stronger connections.
Despite the benefits of running with others, finding the right run club to fit your needs is crucial. Jones knew her club was the right fit after her first outing. “They did a really good job in explaining the different pace groups, ” she says. “As someone who’s approaching 40, it has been a blessing to find friends of all ages here at this stage in life. ”
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了法伦·琼斯的经历, 介绍了她从非跑步者到加入跑步俱乐部的转变, 以及跑步俱乐部如何吸引不同人群、促进社交和提供心理和身体上的益处。
1. What does Paragraph 2 mainly talk about
A. The popularity of running clubs.
B. The origin of conversational running.
C. The development of running clubs.
D. The advances in fitness technologies.
【解析】选C。段落大意题。第二段主要讲述了跑步俱乐部的发展历程。故选C。
√
2. What does the underlined word “arduous” in Paragraph 3 mean
A. Exceptional. B. Annual.
C. Rewarding. D. Tough.
【解析】选D。词义猜测题。根据上文“Conversational running, which refers to maintaining a pace at which you can comfortably speak as you move. . . ”可知, 对话式跑步应该比较轻松, 而有些人需要“often struggle”才能跟上这样的步伐, 尽管这个步伐“doesn’t”感觉像是 “arduous” 的锻炼。 由此推测“arduous”应该是“艰难的;费力的”意思。故选D。
√
3. What does Rachel Goldberg say about conversational running
A. It is a high-intensity exercise.
B. It makes people willing to open up.
C. It frees people of work stress.
D. It enhances people’s mental clarity.
√
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第四段“‘If you’re near somebody but not necessarily facing them eye to eye, you might be more willing to express yourself or you might just feel a little bit less shy, ’ says Rachel Goldberg, a licensed family therapist who incorporates walk-and-talk sessions into her practice. This can lead to deeper conversations and stronger connections. ”可知, Rachel Goldberg 认为如果你靠近某人但不一定面对面, 你可能会更愿意表达自己, 或者只是感觉不那么害羞, 这可以带来更深入的对话和更紧密的联系。所以她认为对话式跑步能让人们更愿意敞开心扉。故选B。
4. What attracts Jones best about District Running Collective
A. Its capability to group. B. Its access to local cultures.
C. Its promising future. D. Its obvious health benefits.
【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Jones knew her club was the right fit after her first outing. ‘They did a really good job in explaining the different pace groups, ’ she says. ‘As someone who’s approaching 40, it has been a blessing to find friends of all ages here at this stage in life. ’”可知, 琼斯在第一次参加活动后就知道这个俱乐部很适合她, 因为俱乐部在解释不同的配速分组方面做得很好, 而且在这里她能找到各个年龄段的朋友。所以最吸引琼斯的是俱乐部分组的能力。故选A。
√
Passage 2
(2025·南京模拟)
In my last recent job, I taught academic writing to doctoral students at a technical college. My graduate students, many of whom were computer scientists, understood the mechanisms of generative AI better than I do. They recognized large language models(LLMs) like ChatGPT as unreliable research tools. They knew that models are trained on existing data and therefore cannot produce novel research. However, that knowledge did not stop my students from relying heavily on generative AI. Several students admitted to drafting their research in note form and asking ChatGPT to write their articles.
As an experienced teacher, I reminded students that ChatGPT may change the meaning of a text when asked to revise, that it can produce biased and inaccurate information, that it does not generate stylistically strong writing and, for those grade-oriented students, that it does not result in A-level work. It did not matter. The students still used it.
Students who outsource their writing to AI lose an opportunity to think more deeply about their research. Using ChatGPT to complete assignments is bringing a forklift(叉车) into the weight room.
Generative AI is, in some ways, a democratizing(民主化的) tool. Many of my students were non-native speakers of English. Their writing frequently contained grammatical errors. Generative AI is effective at correcting grammar. However, the technology often changes vocabulary and changes meaning even when the only prompt is “fix the grammar”. As a result, I found myself spending many hours grading writing that I knew was generated by AI. That is, I found myself spending more time giving feedback to AI than to my students. So I quit.
The best educators will adapt to AI. Teachers will find ways to encourage students to think critically and know what is writing. However, those lessons require that students be willing to leave their comfort zone. Students must learn to move forward with faith in their own cognitive abilities as they write and revise their way into clarity. With few exceptions, my students were not willing to enter those uncomfortable spaces or remain there long enough to discover the power of writing.
【文章大意】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要围绕作者在教学过程中观察到的学生使用生成式人工智能进行学术写作的现象展开, 表达了作者对这一现象的担忧和批评。
1. What’s the problem with the author’s students
A. Unfamiliarity with LLMs.
B. Heavy dependence on ChatGPT.
C. Failure to use existing novel research.
D. Unawareness of the technology drawbacks.
√
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据文章第一段“However, that knowledge did not stop my students from relying heavily on generative AI. Several students admitted to drafting their research in note form and asking ChatGPT to write their articles. ”可知, 学生们虽然知道像ChatGPT这样的生成式人工智能存在问题, 但那并不能阻止他们严重依赖生成式人工智能, 甚至有学生让ChatGPT来写文章。故选B。
2. What does the underlined sentence mean
A. The students should refuse to use ChatGPT.
B. The students can use a forklift to improve their writing.
C. The students balance the development of body and mind.
D. The students will never improve their cognitive fitness that way.
√
【解析】选D。句意猜测题。根据画线句子上文以及“Students who outsource their writing to AI lose an opportunity to think more deeply about their research. Using ChatGPT to complete assignments is bringing a forklift into the weight room. ”可推测, 把使用ChatGPT完成作业比作把叉车开进健身房, 健身房是锻炼提升的地方, 而叉车对于在健身房锻炼没有帮助, 反而破坏了锻炼的意义。这里是说使用ChatGPT完成作业就如同这样, 学生不能通过这种方式提升自己的能力, 因为他们没有真正地去思考和锻炼自己的思维, 就像在健身房里用叉车而不是进行正常的锻炼一样, 达不到提升的目的。故选D。
3. What do we know about the author’s experience with grading AI-generated
writing
A. The author enjoyed it as it was error-free.
B. The author found it a quick and easy task.
C. The author spent more time responding to AI.
D. The author preferred it over students’ original work.
【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据文章第四段“As a result, I found myself spending many hours grading writing that I knew was generated by AI. That is, I found myself spending more time giving feedback to AI than to my students. ”可知, 作者发现自己花了更多的时间用来对人工智能进行反馈。故选C。
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4. What is a best solution according to the author
A. Students learn to push through the discomfort.
B. Educators find ways to adapt to the technology.
C. Teachers move away from mechanical activities.
D. Students regain their faith in the technology change.
【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知, 对于学生来说, 最好的解决办法是学会克服这种不舒服, 走出舒适区, 提升自己。故选A。
√
外刊原创 高考同源
Passage 3
In the summer of 2024, a robotic mission landed for the first time on the far side of the Moon. The Chinese Chang’e-6 lander planted a flag, dug up more than four pounds of rock and soil, and brought it back home—an accomplishment widely praised as a technological tour de force.
That mission, and the 2020 Chang’e-5 robotic mission before it, are the first to return lunar rocks to Earth since the 1970s. Together they are building on what scientists learned from Apollo-era missions, helping to solve mysteries about how the Moon was formed and why it looks the way it does today, and providing clues about our solar system’s history.
But big puzzles remain, such as why the far side of the Moon—the half that always faces away from Earth—is so different from the near side. And what is behind the surprising finding that lunar volcanoes may have been active much more recently than previously thought “The more we look at the Moon, the more we’ve discovered—and the more we realize how little we know, ” says Clive R. Neal, a geologist at the University of Notre Dame who specializes in lunar exploration.
With NASA planning to send astronauts back to the Moon’s surface in several years, geologists are excited about what rocks they might find there and the scientific secrets those samples could reveal—along with what resources could be mined for a future Moon base, or for renewable energy back home on Earth.
The samples brought home from the Moon in the 1970s by the Apollo missions and the Soviet Union’s Luna missions cleared up quite a lot about the Moon’s history. Because the lunar samples shared strong similarities with Earth rocks, this added weight to the idea that the Moon was formed when a Mars-sized object called Theia collided(碰撞) with the primitive Earth roughly 4. 5 billion years ago.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章从机器人从月球背面着陆谈到月球的历史及月壤结构。
1. What does the underlined part “tour de force” in Paragraph 1 probably mean
A. Masterpiece. B. Mystery.
C. Challenge. D. Cooperation.
【解析】选A。词义猜测题。根据“accomplishment widely praised”所表达的意思可推测, 画线词应该是对这一科学成就的褒奖。故选A。
√
2. Which word can best describe the feeling of Clive R. Neal
A. Disappointed. B. Confused.
C. Excited. D. Worried.
【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第三段第一句中的“But big puzzles remain”以及抛出的问题, 可推测他对于已知月球的知识感到迷茫。故选B。
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3. What is NASA’s long-term goal for returning to the Moon
A. To make use of its resources.
B. To prove NASA’s technology.
C. To develop lunar tourism.
D. To protect this satellite.
【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“. . . what resources could be mined for a future Moon base, or for renewable energy back home on Earth. . . ”可知, NASA重返月球的长期目标是利用月球资源。故选A。
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4. What did scientists find about the Moon from samples of the Apollo missions and the Soviet Union’s Luna missions
A. What it looked like.
B. How it was formed.
C. When it came into being.
D. Whether it was worth exploring.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据最后一段中“this added weight to the idea that the Moon was formed when a Mars-sized object called Theia collided with the primitive Earth roughly 4. 5 billion years ago”可知, 通过分析阿波罗任务和苏联的月球任务带回的样本, 推测月球可能是行星碰撞地球所产生的。故选B。
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反复精读 识记积累
障碍词语 establish v. 建立, 设立;initially adv. 开始, 最初;accessible adj. 可到达
的;inclusive adj. 包容广阔的;conversational adj. 会话式的;intensity
n. 强度; maximum adj. 最大的;certified adj. 获得资格的;anticipate
v. 预期, 预料;incorporate v. 包含 (Passage 1)
doctoral adj. 博士的;generative adj. 生成的; draft v. 起草;biased
adj. 有偏见的; inaccurate adj. 不精确的;stylistically adv. 在文体上;
outsource v. 外包; frequently adv. 经常地, 频繁地; prompt n. 提示;
critically adv. 评判性地; clarity n. 清晰易懂;思路清晰 (Passage 2)
accomplishment n. 成就, 成绩;mystery n. 奥秘; specialize vi. 专门研
究(或从事), 专攻;reveal v. 揭示, 透露; similarity n. 相似性;相似点;
primitive adj. 原始的, 远古的; roughly adv. 粗略地 (Passage 3)
熟词生义 license 熟义: n. 执照, 许可证 文中义: adj. 得到许可的 (Passage 1)
novel 熟义: n. 小说 文中义: adj. 新颖的, 珍奇的
grade 熟义: n. 等级, 年级 文中义: v. 按照级别安排或分配, 分类 (Passage 2)
land 熟义: n. 陆地, 地面 文中义: v. 着陆, 降落
mine 熟义: pron. 我的 n. 矿, 矿井 文中义: v. 采(煤等矿物) (Passage 3)
长难句分析 Conversational running, which refers to maintaining a pace at which you can comfortably speak as you move, is often associated with Zone 2 training, which involves an intensity of 60—70 percent of your maximum heart rate.
分析: 句中含有两个which引导的非限制性定语从句;其中第一个定语从句中又包含由at which 引导的定语从句, 构成“介词+which”结构。
翻译: 对话式跑步(指在运动过程中保持能够自如交谈的配速)通常与第二训练区间相关联, 该区间的训练强度相当于最大心率的60%-70%。 (Passage 1)
长难句分析 1. As an experienced teacher, I reminded students that ChatGPT may change the meaning of a text when asked to revise, that it can produce biased and inaccurate information, that it does not generate stylistically strong writing and, for those grade-oriented students, that it does not result in A-level work.
分析: 本句是remind sb. that. . . 结构, 有四个并列that从句: that ChatGPT may change. . . , that it can produce. . . , that it does not generate. . . , and, for those grade-oriented students, that. . . 。
翻译: 作为一名经验丰富的教师, 我提醒学生们: ChatGPT在修改文本时可能会改变原意, 它可能生成带有偏见或不准确的信息, 其写作风格也缺乏力度。对于那些追求成绩的学生, 我还要特别强调——依赖ChatGPT绝不可能产出A级水平的作业。 (Passage 2)
长难句分析 2. Together they are building on what scientists learned from Apollo-era missions, helping to solve mysteries about how the Moon was formed and why it looks the way it does today, and providing clues about our solar system’s history.
翻译: 他们共同建立在科学家从阿波罗时代的任务中所学到的基础上, 帮助解开月球是如何形成的谜团, 以及它为什么是今天的样子, 并为我们了解太阳系的历史提供线索。 (Passage 3)