高考英语二轮复习阅读专题一第7节把握两个能力——微观提升技能课件
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| 名称 | 高考英语二轮复习阅读专题一第7节把握两个能力——微观提升技能课件 |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2026-04-08 00:00:00 | ||
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(共52张PPT)
第7节 把握两个能力——微观提升技能
技法探究 强化意识
【考查类型】
【解题步骤】
一 猜测熟词生义的能力
高考试题语篇中的障碍词汇包括熟词生义、一词多义、派生词汇以及低频词汇。考生对于这些词汇的快速理解和翻译是提高阅读速度和准确率的关键, 也是影响考生答题正确率的主要因素。
技法一 立足熟义推生义, 依据语境析逻辑
【典例展示】
(2025·浙江1月高考·A篇节选)
Length of Loans
Loan periods are established by the lending library. All due dates are noted on the label. Borrowed items are subject to recall by the lending library. Any restrictions established by the lending library will be indicated on the label. No renewals(续借) are allowed for physical items borrowed through ILL.
subject 熟义: n. 主题, 话题;学科 v. 使臣服, 征服
【语境逻辑】本文讲述的是图书馆的借阅制度, 而本段讲述的是图书的借阅期限。图书馆的制度都是馆方指定的, 具有约束性和权威性, 根据后面的recall可知, 本句是有关图书召回方面的信息。基于以上分析, 本句意思应该是: 借阅的资料会被借阅图书馆召回。由此推测句中的are subject to recall 的意思应该是: 服从(遵从)图书馆的召回。进而推知subject的含义应该是“服从于……;受……支配”。
技法二 根据近义词、反义词猜测词义
【典例展示】
(2025·浙江1月高考·C篇节选)
The concept was born when German city planners sought to plant large areas of parkland after World War Ⅱ in a reproducible way that would need minimal maintenance. Planners created planting mixes that could be used modularly(模块化). In a matrix garden, plants with similar cultural needs are grouped so that they will grow together above and below ground, forming a cooperative ecosystem that conserves water and discourages weeds.
group 熟义: n. 团体;群, 组
【近义词分析】下文so that they will grow together 是group产生的后果。由此推测group的近义表达是: grow together(在一起生长), 结合group 的本意, 推测本句中用作动词, 意为“成为一组, 结组”。
技法三 根据构词法猜测词义
【典例展示1】
(2025·浙江1月高考·D篇节选)
In her study, Martin asked participants to rate their attachment to male, female, and genderless versions of a digital voice assistant and a self-driving car known as “Miuu”. It was found that gender increased users’ feelings of attachment to these devices and their interest in purchasing them. For example, participants said they would be less likely to buy a genderless voice assistant than versions with male or female voices.
While gendering a product may be good marketing, it may also strengthen outdated or harmful ideas about power and identity. The stereotypes commonly associated with men, such as competitiveness and dominance, are more valued than those associated with women. These qualities, in turn, are mapped onto products that have been assigned a gender.
gender 熟义: n. 性别
【构词法分析】本句中gender加了后缀-ing, 结合句式分析可知, 在这里为动词-ing形式, 用作主语。后有宾语a product, 结合上文内容可推知, gender在此处意为“使产品性别化”。
【典例展示2】
(2025·全国Ⅰ卷·A篇节选)
Moving goods and people around the world is responsible for a large part of global CO2 emissions(排放). As the world races to decarbonize everything, it faces particular problems with transportation—which accounts for about a quarter of our energy-related greenhouse gas emissions. Here’s the breakdown of the emissions in 2018 for different modes of transport.
【构词法分析】后缀-ize是动词标志; 前缀 de-一般表示“除去”之义;由此推测文中decarbonize everything 意为“使一切事物脱碳”。
carbon n. 碳→carbonize v. 碳化→decarbonize v. 使(环境, 进程)碳减排
二 复杂句“长句短读”的能力
技法一 划意群, 分主次
【典例展示】
(2025·浙江1月高考·B篇节选)
Instead, she recommends applying a well-known concept among nutrition experts called the “Division of Responsibility”, where parents provide a variety of mostly healthy foods to their kids at fixed times, and the kids themselves decide what and how much they want to consume---even if that means occasionally eating more cookies than carrots.
分析:
句子主干: she recommends applying a well-known concept called the “Division of Responsibility”她建议采用广为人知的“责任划分”概念;
状语: Instead相反;
定语: among nutrition experts在营养专家中;
定语从句: where parents provide a variety of mostly healthy foods to their kids at fixed times, and the kids themselves decide what and how much they want to consume在该模式下, 父母定时为孩子提供多种健康食物, 而孩子自行决定吃什么、吃多少;
让步状语从句: even if that means occasionally eating more cookies than carrots即使那意味着有时饼干吃得比胡萝卜多;
通过以上句子结构的分析和意群的划分, 句子的主干意义变得非常明确。
翻译: 相反, 她建议采用在营养专家中广为人知的“责任划分”模式——父母定时为孩子提供多种健康食物, 而孩子自行决定吃什么、吃多少——即使那意味着有时饼干吃得比胡萝卜多。
技法二 找主线 辨搭配
【典例展示】
(2025·八省联考·语法填空节选)
As more and more foreigners start to study the Chinese language and experience Chinese culture, the world will have a better understanding of China and its rich history, its hard-working people, its development through innovation, and its inclusiveness.
分析:
主句: the world will have a better understanding of. . .
时间状语从句: As more and more foreigners start to study the Chinese language and experience Chinese culture
宾语部分(5个并列宾语):
China and its rich history, its hard-working people, its development through innovation, and its inclusiveness
翻译: 随着越来越多的外国人开始学习中文、体验中国文化, 世界将更好地理解中国, 理解它悠久的历史、勤劳的人民、通过创新实现的发展, 以及它的包容精神。
精练新题 提升素养
Passage 1
(2025·福州模拟)
Go to any movie theater or sports venue, and it’s obvious there’s an invisible bond that forms from laughing, crying, and simply feeling while brushing shoulders with others. Research has long backed up this sense of connection, but some aspects of the phenomenon remained unclear. Now, a new study is offering insight.
Writing in the journal Royal Society Open Science, Victor Chung of the cole Normale Supérieure in France and his team reported how they examined the matter by inviting strangers to watch videos together in same sex pairs.
Pairs of strangers watched three types of videos together: positive, negative, and neutral with a curtain between them that was either open or closed. At the start of the experiment the researchers asked each participant whether they’d like to meet the other member of their pair again. After watching each video, participants reported their emotions and feelings of connectedness, and after seeing all three videos they were asked once again about their feelings towards the other participant.
The results showed the emotional films generated stronger responses than the neutral film. Crucially, the team said participants’ feelings of connectedness within the pairs was boosted when they experienced more intense emotions. However, this was only the case when participants watched the films with the curtain between them open. The researchers said that whether or not the pairs could see each other had no impact on how positively or negatively they felt about the films.
“We found that silently watching emotional films together with another individual is associated with social bonding, even when this person is a stranger and without any verbal communication, ” said Chung, the study author.
The team added that the findings may help explain why people seek out group activities that generate strong emotions, “even participating in sad memorials that cause negative emotions. ” In other words, because emotion bonds us, and humans have a fundamental desire to belong, we’re up for experiences one might think we’d naturally want to avoid.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项关于共同观看情感类影片如何增强陌生人之间社交联系的研究。
1. What can we learn about the research method of Victor Chung’s team
A. They invited pairs of strangers of different genders to watch videos.
B. Participants watched the videos without any physical barriers between them.
C. Participants were asked about their feelings only once during the experiment.
D. They compared participants’ responses to three types of videos with different emotional tones.
√
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Pairs of strangers watched three types of videos together: positive, negative, and neutral with a curtain between them that was either open or closed. ”以及“After watching each video, participants reported their emotions and feelings of connectedness, and after seeing all three videos they were asked once again about their feelings towards the other participant. ”可知, Victor Chung团队的研究方法是比较参与者对三种不同情感基调的视频的反应。故选D。
2. According to the study, which of the following factors most affects the sense of connectedness between participants
A. The type of the video they watched.
B. Whether they could see each other during watching.
C. The intensity of emotions the video aroused.
D. The order in which they watched the videos.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Crucially, the team said participants’ feelings of connectedness within the pairs was boosted when they experienced more intense emotions. ”可知, 视频唤起的情绪强度最影响参与者之间的联系感。故选C。
√
3. What can be inferred from the underlined sentence “this was only the case when
participants watched the films with the curtain between them open” in Paragraph 4
A. Watching videos with the curtain closed had no effect on participants’ emotions.
B. Visual contact was a necessary condition for the enhancement of connectedness.
C. Participants felt more positive about the films when they could see each other.
D. The presence of a curtain between participants influenced their emotional responses
to the films.
√
【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第四段中的“The results showed the emotional films generated stronger responses than the neutral film. Crucially, the team said participants’ feelings of connectedness within the pairs was boosted when they experienced more intense emotions. ”可知, 结果显示情感类影片比中性影片引发的反应更强烈, 结合画线句子可知, 情感类影片比中性影片引发的反应更强烈只是在参与者观看影片时中间的帘子处于打开状态的情况下才会出现。由此可知, 视觉接触是增强联系感的必要条件。故选B。
4. What is the main idea of the passage
A. To introduce a new study on how group activities strengthen social bonds.
B. To analyze the reasons why people prefer certain types of group activities.
C. To explain the impact of different emotional experiences on social bonding.
D. To prove that silent watching of emotional films promotes social connection.
【解析】选D。主旨大意题。通读全文, 尤其是第五段可知, 文章主要介绍一项新研究, 证明默默地观看情感电影能促进社交联系。故选D。
√
Passage 2
(2025·襄阳模拟)
A psychological concept called “false consensus effect” helps explain why kind people sometimes harm the environment. In psychology, the false consensus effect is a cognitive bias(偏见) where a person tends to overestimate how much other people agree with him or her. There is a tendency for people to assume that their own improper habits or acts are “normal”. And most importantly, they believe others think the same way that they do. Put simply, if you’re doing something(even if you secretly know you probably shouldn’t), you’re more likely to think plenty of other people do it too.
This bias allows people to justify socially unacceptable or illegal behaviors. Researchers have observed the false consensus effect in drug use and illegal hunting. More recently, conservationists are beginning to reveal how this effect contributes to environmental damage. In Australia, people who admitted poaching, a way of fishing in no-take zones, thought it was much more common in society than it really was. They also believed others viewed it as socially acceptable. However, in reality, more than 90% of fishers held the opposite view.
Just as concepts from psychology can help explain some forms of environmental damage, so can they help address it. For example, research shows people are more likely to litter in areas where there’s already a lot of trash scattered around, so making sure the ground around a bin is clean may help.
Factual information on how other people think and behave can be very powerful. Electricity companies have substantially reduced household energy use simply by showing people how their electricity use compares to that of their neighbors. Encouragingly, stimulating people’s natural desire for status has also been successful in getting people to publicly buy eco-friendly products.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了什么是“虚假共识效应”, 并说明可以通过这一效应背后的心理学原理来实施社会规范, 从而鼓励和推广环境友好行为。
1. Which example can best illustrate “false consensus effect”
A. A driver thinks illegal parking is common.
B. A blogger assumes many people dislike his posts.
C. A student figures most people spend long hours online.
D. A smoker believes people generally approve of smoking.
【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据文章第一段内容可知, 虚假共识效应包括主体人的错误行为, 并且高估自己的行为在社会上的可接受性和普遍性。A、B、C选项只包括了主体人的看法, 没有描述他们自身的错误的行为, D选项“吸烟者认为人们普遍赞成吸烟”中吸烟是错误行为, 并且这个吸烟者还高估了社会对吸烟的看法, 这就是虚假共识效应的一个典型例子。故选D。
√
2. What was most Australian fishers’ attitude to poaching
A. Unacceptable. B. Widespread.
C. Controversial. D. Complex.
【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据文章第二段“In Australia, people who admitted poaching, a way of fishing in no-take zones, thought it was much more common in society than it really was. They also believed others viewed it as socially acceptable. However, in reality, more than 90% of fishers held the opposite view. ”可知, 大多数澳大利亚渔民认为偷猎是不可接受的。故选A。
√
3. How have electricity companies reduced energy consumption
A. By comparing power consumption.
B. By doing round-the-clock monitoring.
C. By offering financial rewards.
D. By promoting renewable energy.
【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Electricity companies have substantially reduced household energy use simply by showing people how their electricity use compares to that of their neighbors. ” 可知, 电力公司是通过比较社区内家庭的用电量来有效降低能源消耗的, 故选A。
√
4. What is the primary purpose of this article
A. To encourage people to reduce energy consumption.
B. To link a psychological concept to environmental issues.
C. To emphasize the importance of environmental protection.
D. To describe different types of environmentally harmful behaviors.
√
【解析】选B。推理判断题。文章开篇介绍了 “虚假共识效应” 这一心理学概念, 接着阐述了这一概念如何导致环境破坏, 随后举例说明心理学概念不仅能解释环境破坏, 还能帮助解决环境问题, 最后强调社会规范在鼓励和普及环保行为方面的强大作用。由此可知, 文章的主要目的是将心理学概念与环境问题及解决方案联系起来, B 选项 “将一个心理学概念与环境问题联系起来” 为短文的写作目的。故选B。
外刊原创 高考同源
Passage 3
Living in my new home in the Northern Rivers, surrounded by fresh and clean waterways and thick Gondwana rainforest, it’s easy to find moments to be mindful. Whether it’s hiking in the bush, doing yoga, or jumping into a cold ocean, these practices have taught me to focus on the present moment, connect with my body, and find peace in nature.
So, when I first stepped onto a stand-up paddleboard(SUP站立式划桨板), I didn’t expect to feel anything new. In fact, I was pretty rubbish at it and wanted to give up.
But paddleboarding surprised me. The combination of balancing on the board, trying not to fall off, gliding through calm water, and sharing the space with birds and fish created a unique experience and one that brought mindfulness into sharp focus.
Unlike yoga, where mindfulness comes from stillness and controlled movements, paddleboarding demands attention in a different way. Balancing on the board requires constant micro-adjustments. Mindfulness is about bringing your attention to one point, again and again. When you focus on your breath in either yoga or paddleboarding, you can enter a flow state where you’re completely immersed in the moment.
Unlike yoga’s structured movements, paddleboarding creates mindfulness through dynamic motion. The alternating paddle strokes activate both sides of the brain, helping build physical strength while keeping you engaged and present.
Since discovering paddleboarding, I’ve found a new way to connect with myself and the world around me. While yoga and bushwalking remain essential parts of my mindfulness practice, SUP brought a fresh perspective I hadn’t anticipated.
On the board, the need to balance, the gliding motion, and the rhythm of paddling create a dynamic form of meditation. Whether you’re navigating a serene creek, tackling gentle ocean swells, or simply floating, SUP combines physical engagement, mental clarity, and a deep connection to nature.
【文章大意】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者体验站立式划桨板的故事以及感受。
1. What is the purpose of the author taking some daily practices
A. To keep mental health. B. To try something new.
C. To enjoy the present life. D. To improve sports skills.
【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第一段中“these practices have taught me to focus on the present moment, connect with my body, and find peace in nature”可知, 作者参加一些日常练习是为了关注当下、感知自身、在自然中找到内心的宁静。这些都是心理健康的因素。故选A。
√
2. Why was the author fascinated by SUP
A. It brings excitement. B. It leads to mindfulness.
C. It is so easy to learn. D. It helps keep balance.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知, 在站立式划桨板中, 保持平衡、聚焦滑行、与鸟和鱼分享空间, 这些交织在一起, 创造了一种独特的体验, 把作者带入正念之中。故选B。
√
3. How does SUP benefit you while you’re doing it
A. By keeping you focused.
B. By stimulating your creativity.
C. Through structured movements.
D. Through stillness and meditation.
【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第四段中“When you focus on your breath in either yoga or paddleboarding, you can enter a flow state where you’re completely immersed in the moment. ”和第五段中“helping build physical strength while keeping you engaged and present”可知, 当你在桨板上时, 你会进入一种持续专注的状态, 这有利于你集中注意力, 保持专注。故选A。
√
4. What can we infer about the author from the last two paragraphs
A. She falls in love with SUP.
B. She lacks activities to connect with nature.
C. She needs balance to paddle a board.
D. She gives up previous mindfulness practice.
【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“I’ve found a new way to connect with myself and the world around me. . . . SUP brought a fresh perspective I hadn’t anticipated. ”可知, 作者把SUP当成了与外界联系的新方法, SUP带给作者未曾预料到的全新视角。 这些都说明作者喜欢上了SUP。故选A。
√
反复精读 识记积累
障碍词语 venue n. 活动场所; phenomenon n. 现象;neutral adj. 中立的, 中性的; crucially adv. 关键地, 至关重要地;intense adj. 十分强烈的;verbal adj. 口头的 (Passage 1)
concept n. 概念, 观念;consensus n. 一致看法, 共识; poach v. 非法猎取; no-take zone禁捕区; scatter v. 散布, 分散开来; factual adj. 真实的, 事实的; substantially adv. 大量地;status n. 社会地位 (Passage 2)
mindful adj. 专注的; pretty adv. 相当, 颇; glide v. 滑行, 滑动; mindfulness n. 正念; stillness n. 静止, 沉静; immersed adj. 专注的, 浸入的; dynamic adj. 充满活力的;alternating adj. 交替的, 交互的;stroke n. 划桨; meditation n. 冥想;serene adj. 平静的; clarity n. 清晰的思路 (Passage 3)
熟词生义 brush熟义: n. 刷子 文中义: v. 轻擦, 触碰
back熟义: n. 脊背, 后面 文中义: v. 支持 (Passage 1)
harm熟义: n. 伤害 文中义: v. 危害, 损害
put熟义: v. 放置 文中义: v. 表述, 表达
address熟义: n. 地址 文中义: v. 设法解决 (Passage 2)
practice熟义: n. 实践, 实际操作 文中义: n. 经常做的事
rubbish熟义: n. 垃圾, 废弃物 文中义: adj. 很差劲的, 不擅长的
sharp 熟义: adj. 锋利的, 尖的 文中义: adj. 清晰的, 鲜明的 (Passage 3)
长难句分析 We found that silently watching emotional films together with another individual is associated with social bonding, even when this person is a stranger and without any verbal communication.
翻译: 我们发现, 即使对方是陌生人且全程无语言交流, 默默地共同观看情感类影片的行为仍能促进人际纽带形成。 (Passage 1)
长难句分析 1. In psychology, the false consensus effect is a cognitive bias where a person tends to overestimate how much other people agree with him or her.
分析: 句子主干: the false consensus effect is a cognitive bias
定语从句: where a person tends to overestimate how much other people agree with him or her;在定语从句中 how much other people agree with him or her为宾语从句。
翻译: 在心理学中, 虚假共识效应是一种认知偏差, 即一个人倾向于高估他人对自己的认同程度。 (Passage 2)
长难句分析 2. Whether you’re navigating a serene creek, tackling gentle ocean swells, or simply floating, SUP combines physical engagement, mental clarity, and a deep connection to nature.
分析: 主句结构: SUP combines physical engagement, mental clarity, and a deep connection to nature
Whether. . . or. . . 引导状语从句。
翻译: 无论是穿越宁静的溪流、应对平缓的海浪, 还是仅仅随波漂浮, 站立式桨板运动都能让你身体投入、头脑清醒, 并与自然深度连接。 (Passage 3)
第7节 把握两个能力——微观提升技能
技法探究 强化意识
【考查类型】
【解题步骤】
一 猜测熟词生义的能力
高考试题语篇中的障碍词汇包括熟词生义、一词多义、派生词汇以及低频词汇。考生对于这些词汇的快速理解和翻译是提高阅读速度和准确率的关键, 也是影响考生答题正确率的主要因素。
技法一 立足熟义推生义, 依据语境析逻辑
【典例展示】
(2025·浙江1月高考·A篇节选)
Length of Loans
Loan periods are established by the lending library. All due dates are noted on the label. Borrowed items are subject to recall by the lending library. Any restrictions established by the lending library will be indicated on the label. No renewals(续借) are allowed for physical items borrowed through ILL.
subject 熟义: n. 主题, 话题;学科 v. 使臣服, 征服
【语境逻辑】本文讲述的是图书馆的借阅制度, 而本段讲述的是图书的借阅期限。图书馆的制度都是馆方指定的, 具有约束性和权威性, 根据后面的recall可知, 本句是有关图书召回方面的信息。基于以上分析, 本句意思应该是: 借阅的资料会被借阅图书馆召回。由此推测句中的are subject to recall 的意思应该是: 服从(遵从)图书馆的召回。进而推知subject的含义应该是“服从于……;受……支配”。
技法二 根据近义词、反义词猜测词义
【典例展示】
(2025·浙江1月高考·C篇节选)
The concept was born when German city planners sought to plant large areas of parkland after World War Ⅱ in a reproducible way that would need minimal maintenance. Planners created planting mixes that could be used modularly(模块化). In a matrix garden, plants with similar cultural needs are grouped so that they will grow together above and below ground, forming a cooperative ecosystem that conserves water and discourages weeds.
group 熟义: n. 团体;群, 组
【近义词分析】下文so that they will grow together 是group产生的后果。由此推测group的近义表达是: grow together(在一起生长), 结合group 的本意, 推测本句中用作动词, 意为“成为一组, 结组”。
技法三 根据构词法猜测词义
【典例展示1】
(2025·浙江1月高考·D篇节选)
In her study, Martin asked participants to rate their attachment to male, female, and genderless versions of a digital voice assistant and a self-driving car known as “Miuu”. It was found that gender increased users’ feelings of attachment to these devices and their interest in purchasing them. For example, participants said they would be less likely to buy a genderless voice assistant than versions with male or female voices.
While gendering a product may be good marketing, it may also strengthen outdated or harmful ideas about power and identity. The stereotypes commonly associated with men, such as competitiveness and dominance, are more valued than those associated with women. These qualities, in turn, are mapped onto products that have been assigned a gender.
gender 熟义: n. 性别
【构词法分析】本句中gender加了后缀-ing, 结合句式分析可知, 在这里为动词-ing形式, 用作主语。后有宾语a product, 结合上文内容可推知, gender在此处意为“使产品性别化”。
【典例展示2】
(2025·全国Ⅰ卷·A篇节选)
Moving goods and people around the world is responsible for a large part of global CO2 emissions(排放). As the world races to decarbonize everything, it faces particular problems with transportation—which accounts for about a quarter of our energy-related greenhouse gas emissions. Here’s the breakdown of the emissions in 2018 for different modes of transport.
【构词法分析】后缀-ize是动词标志; 前缀 de-一般表示“除去”之义;由此推测文中decarbonize everything 意为“使一切事物脱碳”。
carbon n. 碳→carbonize v. 碳化→decarbonize v. 使(环境, 进程)碳减排
二 复杂句“长句短读”的能力
技法一 划意群, 分主次
【典例展示】
(2025·浙江1月高考·B篇节选)
Instead, she recommends applying a well-known concept among nutrition experts called the “Division of Responsibility”, where parents provide a variety of mostly healthy foods to their kids at fixed times, and the kids themselves decide what and how much they want to consume---even if that means occasionally eating more cookies than carrots.
分析:
句子主干: she recommends applying a well-known concept called the “Division of Responsibility”她建议采用广为人知的“责任划分”概念;
状语: Instead相反;
定语: among nutrition experts在营养专家中;
定语从句: where parents provide a variety of mostly healthy foods to their kids at fixed times, and the kids themselves decide what and how much they want to consume在该模式下, 父母定时为孩子提供多种健康食物, 而孩子自行决定吃什么、吃多少;
让步状语从句: even if that means occasionally eating more cookies than carrots即使那意味着有时饼干吃得比胡萝卜多;
通过以上句子结构的分析和意群的划分, 句子的主干意义变得非常明确。
翻译: 相反, 她建议采用在营养专家中广为人知的“责任划分”模式——父母定时为孩子提供多种健康食物, 而孩子自行决定吃什么、吃多少——即使那意味着有时饼干吃得比胡萝卜多。
技法二 找主线 辨搭配
【典例展示】
(2025·八省联考·语法填空节选)
As more and more foreigners start to study the Chinese language and experience Chinese culture, the world will have a better understanding of China and its rich history, its hard-working people, its development through innovation, and its inclusiveness.
分析:
主句: the world will have a better understanding of. . .
时间状语从句: As more and more foreigners start to study the Chinese language and experience Chinese culture
宾语部分(5个并列宾语):
China and its rich history, its hard-working people, its development through innovation, and its inclusiveness
翻译: 随着越来越多的外国人开始学习中文、体验中国文化, 世界将更好地理解中国, 理解它悠久的历史、勤劳的人民、通过创新实现的发展, 以及它的包容精神。
精练新题 提升素养
Passage 1
(2025·福州模拟)
Go to any movie theater or sports venue, and it’s obvious there’s an invisible bond that forms from laughing, crying, and simply feeling while brushing shoulders with others. Research has long backed up this sense of connection, but some aspects of the phenomenon remained unclear. Now, a new study is offering insight.
Writing in the journal Royal Society Open Science, Victor Chung of the cole Normale Supérieure in France and his team reported how they examined the matter by inviting strangers to watch videos together in same sex pairs.
Pairs of strangers watched three types of videos together: positive, negative, and neutral with a curtain between them that was either open or closed. At the start of the experiment the researchers asked each participant whether they’d like to meet the other member of their pair again. After watching each video, participants reported their emotions and feelings of connectedness, and after seeing all three videos they were asked once again about their feelings towards the other participant.
The results showed the emotional films generated stronger responses than the neutral film. Crucially, the team said participants’ feelings of connectedness within the pairs was boosted when they experienced more intense emotions. However, this was only the case when participants watched the films with the curtain between them open. The researchers said that whether or not the pairs could see each other had no impact on how positively or negatively they felt about the films.
“We found that silently watching emotional films together with another individual is associated with social bonding, even when this person is a stranger and without any verbal communication, ” said Chung, the study author.
The team added that the findings may help explain why people seek out group activities that generate strong emotions, “even participating in sad memorials that cause negative emotions. ” In other words, because emotion bonds us, and humans have a fundamental desire to belong, we’re up for experiences one might think we’d naturally want to avoid.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项关于共同观看情感类影片如何增强陌生人之间社交联系的研究。
1. What can we learn about the research method of Victor Chung’s team
A. They invited pairs of strangers of different genders to watch videos.
B. Participants watched the videos without any physical barriers between them.
C. Participants were asked about their feelings only once during the experiment.
D. They compared participants’ responses to three types of videos with different emotional tones.
√
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Pairs of strangers watched three types of videos together: positive, negative, and neutral with a curtain between them that was either open or closed. ”以及“After watching each video, participants reported their emotions and feelings of connectedness, and after seeing all three videos they were asked once again about their feelings towards the other participant. ”可知, Victor Chung团队的研究方法是比较参与者对三种不同情感基调的视频的反应。故选D。
2. According to the study, which of the following factors most affects the sense of connectedness between participants
A. The type of the video they watched.
B. Whether they could see each other during watching.
C. The intensity of emotions the video aroused.
D. The order in which they watched the videos.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Crucially, the team said participants’ feelings of connectedness within the pairs was boosted when they experienced more intense emotions. ”可知, 视频唤起的情绪强度最影响参与者之间的联系感。故选C。
√
3. What can be inferred from the underlined sentence “this was only the case when
participants watched the films with the curtain between them open” in Paragraph 4
A. Watching videos with the curtain closed had no effect on participants’ emotions.
B. Visual contact was a necessary condition for the enhancement of connectedness.
C. Participants felt more positive about the films when they could see each other.
D. The presence of a curtain between participants influenced their emotional responses
to the films.
√
【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第四段中的“The results showed the emotional films generated stronger responses than the neutral film. Crucially, the team said participants’ feelings of connectedness within the pairs was boosted when they experienced more intense emotions. ”可知, 结果显示情感类影片比中性影片引发的反应更强烈, 结合画线句子可知, 情感类影片比中性影片引发的反应更强烈只是在参与者观看影片时中间的帘子处于打开状态的情况下才会出现。由此可知, 视觉接触是增强联系感的必要条件。故选B。
4. What is the main idea of the passage
A. To introduce a new study on how group activities strengthen social bonds.
B. To analyze the reasons why people prefer certain types of group activities.
C. To explain the impact of different emotional experiences on social bonding.
D. To prove that silent watching of emotional films promotes social connection.
【解析】选D。主旨大意题。通读全文, 尤其是第五段可知, 文章主要介绍一项新研究, 证明默默地观看情感电影能促进社交联系。故选D。
√
Passage 2
(2025·襄阳模拟)
A psychological concept called “false consensus effect” helps explain why kind people sometimes harm the environment. In psychology, the false consensus effect is a cognitive bias(偏见) where a person tends to overestimate how much other people agree with him or her. There is a tendency for people to assume that their own improper habits or acts are “normal”. And most importantly, they believe others think the same way that they do. Put simply, if you’re doing something(even if you secretly know you probably shouldn’t), you’re more likely to think plenty of other people do it too.
This bias allows people to justify socially unacceptable or illegal behaviors. Researchers have observed the false consensus effect in drug use and illegal hunting. More recently, conservationists are beginning to reveal how this effect contributes to environmental damage. In Australia, people who admitted poaching, a way of fishing in no-take zones, thought it was much more common in society than it really was. They also believed others viewed it as socially acceptable. However, in reality, more than 90% of fishers held the opposite view.
Just as concepts from psychology can help explain some forms of environmental damage, so can they help address it. For example, research shows people are more likely to litter in areas where there’s already a lot of trash scattered around, so making sure the ground around a bin is clean may help.
Factual information on how other people think and behave can be very powerful. Electricity companies have substantially reduced household energy use simply by showing people how their electricity use compares to that of their neighbors. Encouragingly, stimulating people’s natural desire for status has also been successful in getting people to publicly buy eco-friendly products.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了什么是“虚假共识效应”, 并说明可以通过这一效应背后的心理学原理来实施社会规范, 从而鼓励和推广环境友好行为。
1. Which example can best illustrate “false consensus effect”
A. A driver thinks illegal parking is common.
B. A blogger assumes many people dislike his posts.
C. A student figures most people spend long hours online.
D. A smoker believes people generally approve of smoking.
【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据文章第一段内容可知, 虚假共识效应包括主体人的错误行为, 并且高估自己的行为在社会上的可接受性和普遍性。A、B、C选项只包括了主体人的看法, 没有描述他们自身的错误的行为, D选项“吸烟者认为人们普遍赞成吸烟”中吸烟是错误行为, 并且这个吸烟者还高估了社会对吸烟的看法, 这就是虚假共识效应的一个典型例子。故选D。
√
2. What was most Australian fishers’ attitude to poaching
A. Unacceptable. B. Widespread.
C. Controversial. D. Complex.
【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据文章第二段“In Australia, people who admitted poaching, a way of fishing in no-take zones, thought it was much more common in society than it really was. They also believed others viewed it as socially acceptable. However, in reality, more than 90% of fishers held the opposite view. ”可知, 大多数澳大利亚渔民认为偷猎是不可接受的。故选A。
√
3. How have electricity companies reduced energy consumption
A. By comparing power consumption.
B. By doing round-the-clock monitoring.
C. By offering financial rewards.
D. By promoting renewable energy.
【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Electricity companies have substantially reduced household energy use simply by showing people how their electricity use compares to that of their neighbors. ” 可知, 电力公司是通过比较社区内家庭的用电量来有效降低能源消耗的, 故选A。
√
4. What is the primary purpose of this article
A. To encourage people to reduce energy consumption.
B. To link a psychological concept to environmental issues.
C. To emphasize the importance of environmental protection.
D. To describe different types of environmentally harmful behaviors.
√
【解析】选B。推理判断题。文章开篇介绍了 “虚假共识效应” 这一心理学概念, 接着阐述了这一概念如何导致环境破坏, 随后举例说明心理学概念不仅能解释环境破坏, 还能帮助解决环境问题, 最后强调社会规范在鼓励和普及环保行为方面的强大作用。由此可知, 文章的主要目的是将心理学概念与环境问题及解决方案联系起来, B 选项 “将一个心理学概念与环境问题联系起来” 为短文的写作目的。故选B。
外刊原创 高考同源
Passage 3
Living in my new home in the Northern Rivers, surrounded by fresh and clean waterways and thick Gondwana rainforest, it’s easy to find moments to be mindful. Whether it’s hiking in the bush, doing yoga, or jumping into a cold ocean, these practices have taught me to focus on the present moment, connect with my body, and find peace in nature.
So, when I first stepped onto a stand-up paddleboard(SUP站立式划桨板), I didn’t expect to feel anything new. In fact, I was pretty rubbish at it and wanted to give up.
But paddleboarding surprised me. The combination of balancing on the board, trying not to fall off, gliding through calm water, and sharing the space with birds and fish created a unique experience and one that brought mindfulness into sharp focus.
Unlike yoga, where mindfulness comes from stillness and controlled movements, paddleboarding demands attention in a different way. Balancing on the board requires constant micro-adjustments. Mindfulness is about bringing your attention to one point, again and again. When you focus on your breath in either yoga or paddleboarding, you can enter a flow state where you’re completely immersed in the moment.
Unlike yoga’s structured movements, paddleboarding creates mindfulness through dynamic motion. The alternating paddle strokes activate both sides of the brain, helping build physical strength while keeping you engaged and present.
Since discovering paddleboarding, I’ve found a new way to connect with myself and the world around me. While yoga and bushwalking remain essential parts of my mindfulness practice, SUP brought a fresh perspective I hadn’t anticipated.
On the board, the need to balance, the gliding motion, and the rhythm of paddling create a dynamic form of meditation. Whether you’re navigating a serene creek, tackling gentle ocean swells, or simply floating, SUP combines physical engagement, mental clarity, and a deep connection to nature.
【文章大意】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者体验站立式划桨板的故事以及感受。
1. What is the purpose of the author taking some daily practices
A. To keep mental health. B. To try something new.
C. To enjoy the present life. D. To improve sports skills.
【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第一段中“these practices have taught me to focus on the present moment, connect with my body, and find peace in nature”可知, 作者参加一些日常练习是为了关注当下、感知自身、在自然中找到内心的宁静。这些都是心理健康的因素。故选A。
√
2. Why was the author fascinated by SUP
A. It brings excitement. B. It leads to mindfulness.
C. It is so easy to learn. D. It helps keep balance.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知, 在站立式划桨板中, 保持平衡、聚焦滑行、与鸟和鱼分享空间, 这些交织在一起, 创造了一种独特的体验, 把作者带入正念之中。故选B。
√
3. How does SUP benefit you while you’re doing it
A. By keeping you focused.
B. By stimulating your creativity.
C. Through structured movements.
D. Through stillness and meditation.
【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第四段中“When you focus on your breath in either yoga or paddleboarding, you can enter a flow state where you’re completely immersed in the moment. ”和第五段中“helping build physical strength while keeping you engaged and present”可知, 当你在桨板上时, 你会进入一种持续专注的状态, 这有利于你集中注意力, 保持专注。故选A。
√
4. What can we infer about the author from the last two paragraphs
A. She falls in love with SUP.
B. She lacks activities to connect with nature.
C. She needs balance to paddle a board.
D. She gives up previous mindfulness practice.
【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“I’ve found a new way to connect with myself and the world around me. . . . SUP brought a fresh perspective I hadn’t anticipated. ”可知, 作者把SUP当成了与外界联系的新方法, SUP带给作者未曾预料到的全新视角。 这些都说明作者喜欢上了SUP。故选A。
√
反复精读 识记积累
障碍词语 venue n. 活动场所; phenomenon n. 现象;neutral adj. 中立的, 中性的; crucially adv. 关键地, 至关重要地;intense adj. 十分强烈的;verbal adj. 口头的 (Passage 1)
concept n. 概念, 观念;consensus n. 一致看法, 共识; poach v. 非法猎取; no-take zone禁捕区; scatter v. 散布, 分散开来; factual adj. 真实的, 事实的; substantially adv. 大量地;status n. 社会地位 (Passage 2)
mindful adj. 专注的; pretty adv. 相当, 颇; glide v. 滑行, 滑动; mindfulness n. 正念; stillness n. 静止, 沉静; immersed adj. 专注的, 浸入的; dynamic adj. 充满活力的;alternating adj. 交替的, 交互的;stroke n. 划桨; meditation n. 冥想;serene adj. 平静的; clarity n. 清晰的思路 (Passage 3)
熟词生义 brush熟义: n. 刷子 文中义: v. 轻擦, 触碰
back熟义: n. 脊背, 后面 文中义: v. 支持 (Passage 1)
harm熟义: n. 伤害 文中义: v. 危害, 损害
put熟义: v. 放置 文中义: v. 表述, 表达
address熟义: n. 地址 文中义: v. 设法解决 (Passage 2)
practice熟义: n. 实践, 实际操作 文中义: n. 经常做的事
rubbish熟义: n. 垃圾, 废弃物 文中义: adj. 很差劲的, 不擅长的
sharp 熟义: adj. 锋利的, 尖的 文中义: adj. 清晰的, 鲜明的 (Passage 3)
长难句分析 We found that silently watching emotional films together with another individual is associated with social bonding, even when this person is a stranger and without any verbal communication.
翻译: 我们发现, 即使对方是陌生人且全程无语言交流, 默默地共同观看情感类影片的行为仍能促进人际纽带形成。 (Passage 1)
长难句分析 1. In psychology, the false consensus effect is a cognitive bias where a person tends to overestimate how much other people agree with him or her.
分析: 句子主干: the false consensus effect is a cognitive bias
定语从句: where a person tends to overestimate how much other people agree with him or her;在定语从句中 how much other people agree with him or her为宾语从句。
翻译: 在心理学中, 虚假共识效应是一种认知偏差, 即一个人倾向于高估他人对自己的认同程度。 (Passage 2)
长难句分析 2. Whether you’re navigating a serene creek, tackling gentle ocean swells, or simply floating, SUP combines physical engagement, mental clarity, and a deep connection to nature.
分析: 主句结构: SUP combines physical engagement, mental clarity, and a deep connection to nature
Whether. . . or. . . 引导状语从句。
翻译: 无论是穿越宁静的溪流、应对平缓的海浪, 还是仅仅随波漂浮, 站立式桨板运动都能让你身体投入、头脑清醒, 并与自然深度连接。 (Passage 3)