新外研版八年级下册语法练习册Unit 1-Unit 6知识点+练习（含答案解析）

新外研八下语法练习册
Unit 1 Career talks 一般现在时和一般将来时被动语态 2
Unit 1 Career talks一般现在时和一般将来时被动语态 综合练习 3
Unit 2 Growing pains and gains 一般过去时的被动语态 6
Unit 2 Growing pains and gains 一般过去时的被动语态 综合练习 7
Unit 3 What makes a great team 情态动词（一） 10
Unit 3 What makes a great team 情态动词（一）综合练习 11
Unit 4 Helping out 情态动词表推测 14
Unit 4 Helping out 情态动词表推测 综合练习 15
Unit 5 Looking into nature 宾语从句（一） 17
Unit 5 Looking into nature 宾语从句（一）综合练习 18
Unit 6 Living with nature宾语从句 （二） 21
Unit 6 Living with nature 宾语从句（二） 语法突破 22
Unit 6 Living with nature宾语从句（二） 综合练习 24
参考答案 27
Unit 1 Career talks 一般现在时和一般将来时被动语态
基本结构 主语+be +done +（by+动作执行者）…被…
主被动转换 They The classroom clean is cleaned the classroom. （by them）.
被动语态的使用 ①不知道动作的执行者。 ③强调动作的承受着。 ②没有必要指出动作的执行者。
具体构成
时态 被动语态 被动语态例句
一般现在时 is/am/are+done The room is cleaned by them.
一般过去时 was/were +done The room was cleaned by them.
一般将来时 will be done The room will be cleaned by them.
be going to be done The room is going to be cleaned by them.
句型变化
1．肯定句 主语 + be + done (+ by + 动作执行者)
2.否定句 主语 + be not+ done (+ by + 动作执行者)
3.一般疑问句 Be +主语+ done (+ by + 动作执行者) Yes, 主语+be; No, 主语+be +not
4. 特殊疑问句 疑问词+be +主语+ done (+ by + 动作执行者)
Unit 1 Career talks一般现在时和一般将来时被动语态 综合练习
一．用所给单词的正确形式填空（被动语态专项）
Chinese ____________ (speak) by more and more people all over the world.
We ____________ (pay) by the boss on the last day of each month.
—Will you go to his birthday party tonight —No, unless I ____________. (invite)
Most of his time ____________ (spend) playing games.
It’s reported that Metro Line 5 ____________ (finish) in another four years.
You ____________ (give) some advice if you ask your teacher for some.
The next Winter Olympic Games ____________ (hold) in Milan in 2026.
As soon as the school leaders arrive, the guests ____________ (show) around the new buildings.
The book ____________ (translate) into over 30 foreign languages in the future.
Anyone interested in Dunhuang will have heard of Fan Jinshi. Fan ____________ (know) to many as “the Daughter of Dunhuang”.
Usually, paper cuttings ____________ (put) on walls, windows and doors at wedding ceremonies or festivals.
All the dialogue in Baiju ____________ (speak) in Nanjing dialect, easy to understand, and full of humor.
New clothes and shoes ____________ (send) to children in poor areas by my classmates every year.
The list of winners will ____________ (put) up on the school website.
With the rapid progress in high technology, 5G ____________ (use) around most parts of China in the near future.
We are asked ____________ (take) our temperature every day.
You ____________ (expect) to be more organized in high school. So you can keep a diary.
Jiangsu automatic(自动化) test of listening and speaking ____________ (hold) in April every year.
Every year many trees ____________ (plant) along the streets to make our city more beautiful.
These brightly colored bicycles can be seen everywhere. They ____________（lock） by the user after riding, and then unlocked by the next rider with a mobile phone.
二．单项选择
( ) 1 Language learning apps ________ by more and more people these days.
A．use　　B．used　　C．are used　　D．were used
( ) 2 When you feel cold air coming through your window, energy ________.
A．wastes　　B．is wasted　　C．wasted　　D．was wasted
( ) 3 Fu Zai, a cute police dog, ________ to better deal with different environments in the near future.
A．will train　　B．trains　　C．will be trained　　D．was trained
( ) 4 Some photos of the moon ________ in the Space Club next week.
A．shows　　B．is showing　　C．were shown　　D．will be shown
( ) 5 The mini-programme “Clear Plate” is popular among young people. It ________ to help deal with food waste.
A．will design　　B．will be designed　　C．designs　　D．is designed
( ) 6 —Good morning! May I have a plate of dumplings, please
—Sorry. Dumplings ________ only at dinner.
A．serve　　B．are served　　C．are serving　　D．will serve
( ) 7 To make the environment much better, more trees ________ next year.
A．plant　　B．will plant　　C．are planted　　D．will be planted
( ) 8 A speech on robots ________ in the school hall next Friday afternoon.
A．is given　　B．will be given　　C．was given　　D．has been given
( ) 9 —Quite a lot of endangered animals ________ in nature parks every year.
—That’s great! Animals are our friends.
A．protect　　B．were protected　　C．are protected　　D．protected
( ) 10 —What language ________ in Germany
—Most people speak German, but many can speak English, too.
A．speak　　B．is spoken　　C．is speaking　　D．speaks
( ) 11 Sand turns to glass when it ________ by lightning.
A．hits　　B．is hit　　C．is hitting　　D．will be hit
( ) 12 —Have you tasted baozza, a mixture of pizza and baozi
—Sure. Thousands of baozza________ at a baozi factory in Yang zhou each day next month.
A．will make　　B．makes　　C．was made　　D．will be made
( ) 13 Worries in life ________ if you speak out to your close friend.
A．will reduce　　B．were reducing　　C．will be reduced　　D．were reduced
( ) 14 Every day, too much water ________ in our school. We should save it.
A．is wasted　　B．wastes　　C．was wasted　　D．wasted
( ) 15 With the development of science and technology, 5G ________ to help us live more conveniently.
A．uses　　B．is used　　C．can use　　D．used
三．完成句子
1．People regard Qiqihar as a city of red-crowned cranes. (改为被动语态)
Qiqihar ________ ________ as a city of red-crowned cranes.
2．Alice hangs the wet clothes on the balcony to dry. (改为被动语态)
The wet clothes ________ ________ on the balcony to dry by Alice.
3．May writes several articles for the school newspaper every week. (改为被动语态)
Several articles _______ ________ by May for the school newspaper every week.
4．He will sing a song as a gift. (改为被动语态)
A song ________ ________ ________ by him as a gift.
5．They will build a wooden bridge. (改为被动语态)
A wooden bridge ________ ________ ________ by them.
6．我们学校运动会将在下月举行。
Our sports meeting will ________ ________ next month.
7．足球赛将在城市中心举行。
The soccer game ________ ________ ________ in the city center.
8．在Tom的班上，同学们总是被教导要互相帮助。
In Tom’s class, students _________ always _________ __________ help each other.
9．在所有这些语言中，英语是使用最广泛的。
Of all these languages, English ________ ________ ________ ________ ________.
10．他（李白）被认为是中国最伟大的浪漫主义诗人之一。
He ________ ________ ________ be one of the best romantic poets in China.
Unit 2 Growing pains and gains 一般过去时的被动语态
基本结构 主语+be +done +（by+动作执行者）…被…
主被动转换 They The classroom clean is cleaned the classroom. （by them）.
被动语态的使用 ①不知道动作的执行 ③强调动作的承受着。 ②没有必要指出动作的执行者。
具体构成
时态 被动语态 主动语态例句 被动语态 例句
一般现在时 is/am/are+done The room is cleaned by them.
一般过去时 was/were +done The room was cleaned by them.
一般将来时 will be done The room will be cleaned by them.
be going to be done The room is going to be cleaned by them.
现在进行时 am/is/are being done The room is being cleaned by them.
过去进行时 was/were done The room was cleaned by them.
现在完成时 have/has been done The room has been cleaned by them.
情态动词 can be done The room can be cleaned by them.
注意事项
1.带双宾的谓语动词 有两种变换形式 She gave me a toy. I was given a toy. / A toy was given to me.
2.动词短语不可分割 We should take care of old people. Old people should be taken care of by us.
3.省 to 的不定式 see/hear/watch/feel/notice/let/make/have 变被动时，应加上 to My mother makes me stay at home. I am made to stay at home by my mother.
主动表被动
1.open,lock,write,read,sell,clean,wash,cut, burn,drive 等作不及物动词且主语为物时 This kind of shirt sells well.
2.look,sound,taste,smell 等系动词 School uniforms look ugly on us.
3.be worth doing This book is worth reading.
4.want/need/require doing=want/need/require to be done My car needs repairing. My car needs to be repaired.
Unit 2 Growing pains and gains 一般过去时的被动语态 综合练习
用括号里所给单词的正确形式填空
We hope that DeepSeek ____________ (use) in more fields to make our lives better in the future.
Nowadays, this book ____________ (sell) well.
Today, Yangko Dance ____________ (think) as an important cultural treasure in our country.
A lot of tea plants ____________ (grow) on the sides of the mountain every year.
Every year, about 750,000 cars ____________ (produce) in this factory.
His new novel is very popular and it ____________ (sell) out last week.
The 100th Anniversary of the Founding of the CPC (中国共产党) was ____________ (hold) in Tian’anmen Square in Beijing on July 1st, 2021.
The house was ____________ (build) in the 19th century and is a typical style of that time.
Hundreds of factories ____________ (encourage) to move away or close between 2005 and 2015.
Development in some areas of natural beauty ____________ (control) in the next few years.
Development in areas of natural beauty ____________ (control) in the next few years.
This famous scientist ____________ (invite) to our school to give a speech next week.
As soon as Tom finishes the task, he ____________ (offer) a two-week holiday.
All the students in my class ____________ (divide) into six groups to have a field trip in two days.
A new bridge ____________ (build) soon, which is hoped to make travel easier for villagers in the area.
It’s known that glass ____________ (feel) much colder than wood in winter.
—What do you think of the poem
—It’s a little bit long, but anyway, it ____________ (read) well.
The robot needs ____________ (check) once a month. And we will check it for you for free.
With the development of our country, Chinese ____________ (learn) in many other countries.
To keep safe, everyone ____________ (tell) to wear a seat belt in the car now.
If all the rubbish ____________ (throw) into bins, our city can keep clean.
It is said that this museum ____________ (name) after Qu Qiubai many years ago.
Beijing opera ____________ (introduce) to more people around the world during the 2020 Mei Lanfang Art Festival.
The Internet ____________ (invent) by the US government in the 1960s for the army to use.
ChatGPT, an AI chatbot, was ____________ (develop) by OpenAI and met the public in November, 2022.
June 8th was ____________ (name) by the UN in 2009 as World Oceans Day.
This stone bridge ____________ (build) over 800 years ago.
—Do you know the book Between a Rock and a Hard Place
—Yes, it ____________ (write) by Aron Ralston.
One of the most famous Marvel heroic character—Spiderman, ____________ (create) in 1962.
The Notre-Dame Cathedral(巴黎圣母院大教堂) ____________ (burn) by fire on April 15, 2019.
单项选择
( ) 1 A lot of trees ________ last spring, so we can see more green this year.
A．plant B．are planted C．planted D．were planted
( ) 2 Lao She wrote many plays and he _________ “the People’s Artist”.
A．names B．named C．was named D．has named
( ) 3 Emma got excited when her writing ________ as a model in class.
A．reads B．read C．is read D．was read
( ) 4 Robot dogs _________ as volunteers for the first time during the 2023 Asian Games.
A．use B．used C．are used D．were used
( ) 5 The Qatar World Cup ________ from November 21 to December 18 last year.
A．holds B．held C．was held D．is held
( ) 6 Last month, an old people’s dining hall ________ in our community.
A．was built B．has built C．will be built D．is built
( ) 7 The 18th China International Alcoholic Drinks Expo (CIADE) ________ in Luzhou from April 13th to April 16th, 2023.
A．was held B．is held C．will be held D．has been held
( ) 8 Three Chinese astronauts ________ into space on June 5th, 2022.
A．were taking B．are taking C．were taken D．are taken
( ) 9 —Dad, could I watch the movie So Long for Love tonight
—Of course, if your homework ________.
A．finishes B．was finished C．is finished D．will be finished
( ) 10 —Your school looks very beautiful.
—Thank you. Trees and flowers ________ in our school every year to make it beautiful.
A．plant B．are planting C．planted D．are planted
( ) 11 Douyin (抖音) , a very popular app, ________ by people of different ages.
A．enjoys B．enjoyed C．has enjoyed D．is enjoyed
( ) 12 I won’t go to the party unless I ________.
A．invite B．am invited C．will invite D．will be invited
( ) 13 The 2028 Los Angeles Olympic Games _________ on July 14th.
A．holds B．will hold C．is held D．will be held
( ) 14 —More and more people like to visit Jingji Road in Zhenjiang at night.
—Yes. In the coming days, more cultural activities ________ to make it even more popular.
A．will hold B．are held C．were held D．will be held
( ) 15 Frank was made ________ in front of the classroom to share his opinions about English learning.
A．stand B．stood C．to stand D．standing
( ) 16 Your car is very dirty. It needs ________.
A．to wash B．to washing C．be washed D．washing
( ) 17 The cotton ________ very soft and ________ white, I think it has good quality.
A．is felt, is looked B．feels, looks C．smells, sounds D．is felt, looks
( ) 18 This pair of shoes ________ my mum and they ________ very comfortable.
A．was made with; are felt B．were made from; are felt C．were made of; was felt D．was made by; feel
( ) 19 Potatoes ________ to Europe in the 1500s and their use soon spread across it.
A．took B．have taken C．will be taken D．were taken
( ) 20 Because of the heavy rainstorm, visitors in Qingdao ________ to stay away from the beach yesterday.
A．warned B．are warned C．were warned D．have warned
三．完成句子
1．He usually gives me some advice. (改为被动语态)
I usually some advice by him.
2．The stranger helped the old man cross the road. (改为被动语态)
The old man the road by the stranger.
3．Chinese people grew tea plants many years ago.（改为被动语态）
Tea plants by Chinese people many years ago.
4．Nowadays, people use smart phones to take pictures instead of cameras. (改为被动语态)
Nowadays, smart phones to take pictures instead of cameras.
5．一个月后，我们学校将举办校园英语节。
The school English Festival in our school in a month.
6．They saw a boy swimming in the river at this time yesterday. (改为被动语态)
A boy swimming in the river at this time yesterday.
7．We raised 20, 000 yuan at the show. (改写成被动语态的句子)
20, 000 yuan at the party.
8．上周，李华被邀请参加学校的旅游知识竞赛。
Last week, Li Hua to join in a travel quiz show at school.
9．I was allowed to play football. (改为否定句)
I to play football.
10．The machine was invented many years ago. (对划线部分提问)
the machine invented
Unit 3 What makes a great team 情态动词（一）
can ①能，会（现在的能力） Can you swim Yes, I can.
②表请求或允许 Can I go now Yes, you can.
③表推测，常用于否定和 疑问（表“不可能 ”） He can’t be a cook.
could ①能，会（过去的能力） Could you swim when you were 7 years old Yes, I could.
②表请求或允许（更委婉） Could I go now Yes, you can.
③表推测 He could have gone home.
be able to 表能力，有多种时态变化 We will be able to come back next week.
may might ①表请求或允许(might 更委婉） May/Might I smoke in this room Yes, you can./No, you mustn’t(can’t).
②表推测（表“可能 ”） Your mother may /might know the truth.
may +动词原形（表“祝愿 ”） May you succeed!
maybe “也许 ”，不能做谓语，用于句首 Maybe he is from America.
may be “也许是 ”，充当谓语，用于句中 He may be from America.
must ①表“必须 ”（主观看法） mustn’t 表示“禁止 ” 只有一般现在时 We must come in time. Must I finish the work today Yes,you must./NO,you needn’t(don’t have to)
②表推测，用于肯定句（表 “一定 ”） Your mother must be waiting for you now.
have to 表“不得不 ”（客观需要） 有更多时态 The play isn’t interesting, I really must go now. I had to work when I was your age.
need +do 为情态动词 （用于疑问、否定） You needn’t come here so early. Need I finish the work today Yes,you must(have to）./No,you needn’t.
+to do 为实意动词 I don't need to see the doctor. Do you need to go at once Yes, I do.
Will 表询问、请求 Will you pass me the book
表意愿 I will do anything for you.
would 表询问、请求（更委婉） Would you please pass me the book
表意愿（过去的） I would sit hours alone.
shall 表询问、征求意见（用于一人称） Shall we meet at 3 pm
should 表义务、责任，“应该 ” We should obey the traffic rules.
Unit 3 What makes a great team 情态动词（一）综合练习
一．单项选择
( ) 1 Can the boy ________ the violin
A．plays B．to play C．play D．playing
( ) 2 —I’m going to Jiuhua Mountain this winter holiday. ________ you like to go with me
—Sure. We can have fun together.
A．Can B．Should C．Must D．Would
( ) 3 —________ I help you
— Yes. I ________ find my bag. My phone and computer are in it.
A．Can; can B．Can; can’t C．Can’t; can D．Can’t; can’t
( ) 4 —Can your sister play the guitar
—No, she ________, but she can ________ the erhu.
A．can; plays B．can’t; to play C．can’t; play D．can; play
( ) 5 —Dad, must I finish my homework today
—No, you ________. You should go to bed now and finish it tomorrow.
A．can’t B．needn’t C．shouldn’t D．mustn’t
( ) 6 You _________ return the book to the library by Friday, or you _________ pay a fine.
A．must; have to B．can; must C．may; will D．should; might
( ) 7 He ________ go to the market himself because he can buy things online.
A．have to B．has to C．don’t have to D．doesn’t have to
( ) 8 —Mom, do I ________ take the medicine
—No, you ________ take it. Just drink some water and have a good rest.
A．need; need to B．need to; don’t need C．need; needn’t D．need to; needn’t
( ) 9 —Anna, can you go to the library with me tomorrow
—I’m not sure. I ________ visit my grandparents.
A．need B．must C．can D．might
( ) 10 The alarm went off. You’d better ________ up and go to school.
A．got B．get C．to get D．getting
( ) 11 —When will your flight arrive I’ll pick you up at the airport.
—Thank you, but you ________. I can take a taxi.
A．can’t B．mustn’t C．shouldn’t D．don’t have to
( ) 12 —________ I come back before five o’clock
—No, you ________. But you ________ be back after seven o’clock.
A．Must; needn’t; needn’t B．May; mustn’t; can’t C．Can; can’t; can’t D．Must; needn’t; can’t
( ) 13 —Must I return the book this week I borrowed it one week ago.
—No, you ________. You can keep it for another week.
A．needn’t B．shouldn’t C．mustn’t D．can’t
( ) 14 — Would you like to drink ________ juice
— Yes, I’d love to. But there isn’t _______ juice in the glass.
A．some; some B．some; any C．any; some D．any; any
( ) 15 More and more people _________ like to go to work by underground.
A．could B．should C．would D．had
( ) 16 —Remember to call me when you arrive, Mike.
—I ________, mum.
A．must B．can C．will D．should
( ) 17 —I’m leaving now.
—It’s rainy. Better stay here. Call a taxi if you ________.
A．will B．may C．have to D．could
( ) 18 My baby sister is coughing a lot. She ________ see a doctor soon.
A．should B．may C．can D．need
( ) 19 —Could you please help me make my bed
—I’m afraid I ________. You ________ do it on your own.
A．could; may B．can’t; should C．could; should D．can; shouldn’t
( ) 20 —I’m not feeling well, Dr. Green. My stomach aches a lot.
—You _________ take some medicine and lie down for a rest.
A．should B．can C．shouldn’t D．can’t
( ) 21 — ___________we go to see the film Harry Potter this evening
—That's a good idea.
A．Shall B．Will C．Do D．Must
( ) 22 — ________ I ask some questions about the school club
— Yes, of course.
A．May B．Must C．Would D．Should
( ) 23 —Mom, could I watch TV for half an hour
—______. You’ll have an exam tomorrow. You must sleep now.
A．No, you couldn’t B．Sure, of course C．Yes, sure D．No, you can’t
二．完成句子
24．I can read these words with feeling. (改为一般疑问句)
you these words with feeling
25．She must be waiting for you at the gate.（改为否定句）
She waiting for you at the gate.
26．You’d better practice the guitar at night. (改为否定句）
You’d practice the guitar at night.
27．You must clean all the windows in the classroom. (改为一般疑问句，并做否定回答)
we clean all the windows in the classroom No, you .
28．She had to wear the strange clothes for the party. (改为否定句)
She to wear the strange clothes for the party .
29．She’d like to read electronic books in her spare time. (改为一般疑问句)
she to read electronic books in her spare time
30．The little girl could perform ballet at the age of seven. (改为—般疑问句)
the little girl ballet at the age of seven
Unit 4 Helping out 情态动词表推测
概念 本单元语法：情态动词表推测；可能性语气由强到弱： must > can > could > may > might > can’t > may not > might not
must & can’t must（肯定推测，语气最强）：意为“肯定” 1. The Teddy Bear must be hers.（泰迪熊肯定是她的。）
can’t（否定推测，语气最强）：意为“不可能” 2. They can’t be at home. （他们肯定不在家。）
can/could/may/might（肯定推测） can（用于疑问句，意为“会、可能…吗”，语气比must弱） 1. Someone is knocking at the door. Who can it be （有人在敲门。可能会是谁呢？）
could（肯定推测，语气比can弱） 2. It could be your birthday gift from your uncle. I suppose.（它可能是来自你叔叔的生日礼物。我猜。）
may/might（意为“可能”，might语气比may弱） 3. It may be rainy. I’m not sure.（可能下雨了，我不太确定。） 4. You might lose your chance if you don’t have the courage to face difficulties.（如果你没有勇气面对困难，你可能会失去机会。）
may not/might not（否定推测）表示否定推测，语气比can’t弱 1. You may not enter the laboratory without permission.（未经允许，你不得进入实验室。） 2. She might not come to the party tonight because she isn’t feeling well.（她今晚可能不会来参加派对，因为她身体不舒服。）
易混辨析：may be & maybe may be（情态动词+be动词）：表推测，后接动词原形be，意为“可能…” 1. She may be in the library.（她可能在图书馆。）
maybe（副词）：相当于perhaps，表不确定，可位于句首/句中 2. Maybe he is in the classroom.（也许他在教室。）
Unit 4 Helping out 情态动词表推测 综合练习
一．单项选择
( ) 1 Look at the boy on the sports field. He ______ be Tom. Tom has gone to Switzerland.
A．must B．can’t C．may D．might
( ) 2 —Look! Leo is playing football with his classmates!
—It ________ be Leo. He is having a piano lesson at this moment.
A．must B．might C．can’t D．mustn’t
( ) 3 These glasses ______ Jane’s because she doesn’t wear glasses.
A．are B．might be C．must be D．can’t be
( ) 4 —I wonder whether the man sitting in front of us is your manager or not.
—It ________ be him. He has gone to Shanghai on business.
A．must B．mustn’t C．can D．can’t
( ) 5 —What’s the date for the graduation ceremony
—It ______ be on June 25th. But I’m not sure.
A．could B．couldn’t C．must D．mustn’t
( ) 6 —Some experts warns that AI __________ become a deadly (致命的) weapon of war in the future.
—That’s worrying.
A．can B．could C．might D．must
( ) 7 —Is Jerry coming by subway
—He ________ ride his bike. I’m not sure.
A．can’t B．may C．must D．need
( ) 8 The young girl in a clean coat ________ work as a nurse. Look! She is walking to the hospital. ________ she is on the way to work.
A．may be; Maybe B．maybe; May be C．may; Maybe D．maybe; May
( ) 9 —Have you decided where to go for your winter vacation
—Not yet, but we ________ go to Harbin. It’s a good place for vacation.
A．can’t B．mustn’t C．should D．may
( ) 10 —Anna, can you go to the library with me tomorrow
—I’m not sure. I ________ visit my grandparents.
A．need B．must C．can D．might
( ) 11 —Look, the sky is so dark. It ________ rain soon.
—But the weather report said it is sunny the whole day.
A．can’t B．must be C．can D．might
( ) 12 —Whose dictionary is this
—It ________ be Lucy’s. Her name is on the cover.
A．must B．can C．may D．might
( ) 13 —Whose book is it
—It ________ be Lucy’s. Her name is on its cover.
A．can B．may C．can’t D．must
( ) 14 You ________ be tired after such a long trip. Why not take a rest
A．must B．can C．need D．would
( ) 15 —Selina, I want to learn something about the Winter Olympic Games in Beijing.
—Frank ________ know it, because he cares best about it.
A．has to B．must C．can’t D．might
Unit 5 Looking into nature 宾语从句（一）
宾语：位于动词或者介词后的成分 I know you 宾语从句：一个句子充当宾语的成分 I know that you like Music.
时 态 如果主句为一般现在时，从句可根据实际情 况而定。 I believe that she has left Changsha. I wonder if he came here last night.
如果主句为一般过去时，从句一般要用过去 某种时态。 She told me that she would join the club.
如果宾从是客观真理，从句用一般现在时。 The teacher told us that light travels faster than sound.
语 序 宾语从句总是用陈述句语序，即从句的引导 词后是主语、谓语、宾语的语序；当引导词 作主语时，后面直接跟谓语和宾语。 I wonder if he is a driver. Do you know what his name is I don’t know who saved the girl.
引 导 词 当从句为陈述句时，用that 引导(口语中可省） I know (that) she is a boss.
当从句为一般疑问句时，用 whether/if 引导 I wonder if she is a boss.
特殊疑问词引导宾语从句时，从句的连接词 由该特殊疑问句的疑问词充当。 特殊疑问句 做宾语从句时，从句都用“引导词+陈述句语 序 ”，句末是否用问号由主句来定。 Could you please tell me where you are from He wants to know what he is.
注 意 1. 当 宾 语 从 句 表 否 定 意 义 时 ， 如 果 主 句 主 语 为 第 一 人 称 ， 谓 语 动 词 为 think,believe,guess,suppose 等词时，通常将否定转移至主句的谓语动词之前。如：I don’t believe he will come.我相信他不会来了。 2.含有宾语从句的复合句在一定条件下可以转化为简单句。 如：I don’t know how I should do it next. I don’t know how to do it next.
Unit 5 Looking into nature 宾语从句（一）综合练习
一．用所给单词的正确形式填空
The teacher told us that the earth ________ (travel) around the sun.
Don’t worry. Hobo is a smart dog and I’m sure he ________ (come) back soon.
You’re going to take part in the basketball match. I hope you ________ (win) the match.
—Pardon What did you say just now
—Oh, I said that we ________ (have) a picnic next Sunday.
Andy said he ________ (give) me two days off if I could complete this project successfully.
The little girl hopes her sister ________ (be) a good dancer when she grows up.
Jim hopes that he ________ (learn) how to ride a bike by himself as soon as possible.
The teacher ________ (say) math is very interesting.
Kate says that she ________ (finish) the work already.
Nancy is not sure whether she ________ (shut) all the windows just now.
—Did you tell them where he ________ (go)
—Yes. And I also told them he ________ (not come) back until the next week.
He asked what he ________ (do) at that moment.
The teacher told us that the sun ________ (rise) in the east.
The teacher told us that the gravity (引力) on the moon ________ (be) only about one sixth of that on the earth.
Can you tell me where those children ________ (play) hide-and-seek at this time yesterday
二．单项选择
( ) 1. —What’s wrong with the dog
—We’re sure ________ something is wrong with it, but we doubt ________ the disease can kill it.
A．if; whether　　B．that; that　　C．whether; if　　D．that; whether
( ) 2. —What do you want your son to be in the future
—We all hope ______ a famous writer when he grows up.
A．he will be　　B．him will be　　C．he to be　　D．him to be
( ) 3. —Do you believe ________ man can live on Mars in the future
—It’s hard to say. Scientists are still not sure ________ we can grow plants on Mars.
A．if; that　　B．whether; if　　C．that; that　　D．that; whether
( ) 4. I believe ________ my heart does go on, even when I am in trouble.
A．what　　B．which　　C．that　　D．whether
( ) 5. —Peter, do you know if Tim ______ back tomorrow
—If he ______ back, I’ll let you know.
A．comes; will come　　B．will come; comes　　C．comes; comes　　D．will come; will come
( ) 6. The teacher told us that light ________ faster than sound.
A．travel　　B．travels　　C．travelled　　D．travelling
( ) 7. He asked me if I ________ to the party the next day.
A．will go　　B．go　　C．went　　D．would go
( ) 8. —Can you guess if he ________ speaking English with us
—I think he will if he is free.
A．practice　　B．practices　　C．practiced　　D．will practice
( ) 9. —How long does it take to get to the airport
—Half an hour. But it’s foggy today. I am not sure ________ the highway will be closed soon.
A．when　　B．whether　　C．why　　D．where
( ) 10. — Can you spare some time to come to our party
— Well, I don’t know _________.
A．that I can finish my work by then　　B．if can I finish the work by then　　
C．that can I finish the work by then　　D．whether I can finish the work by then
( ) 11. — Could you tell me ________
— It depends. If it’s rainy, it will be put off until next week.
A．would the sports meeting be held this Friday　　B．that the sports meeting will be held this Friday　　
C．if the sports meeting will be hold this Friday　　D．the sports meeting will be hold
( ) 12. —Could you tell me how to pay you
—You'd better use mobile payment. I don't care or WeChat Pay.
A．whether is it Ali Pay　　B．whether it is Ali Pay　　C．if it is Ali Pay　　D．if is it Ali Pay
( ) 13. —The project is so difficult for your cousin.
—Yes, I am wondering ________.
A．that he will finish it on time　　B．whether he can finish it by himself　　
C．how could I help him out　　D．whether can I do anything necessary for him
( ) 14. He hasn’t decided ________ to go on a trip to London next week. ________ he visits London, so will I.
A．If; If　　B．if; Whether　　C．whether; Whether　　D．whether; If
( ) 15. —Do you know what Tom will do for his father
—He told me ________ he wanted to buy a present for his father.
A．that　　B．where　　C．if　　D．why
完成句子
1．I believe. Tony will come on time. (合并为一个句子)
I believe on time.
2．Light travels faster than sound. Did you know (合并为一个句子)
Did you know light faster than sound
3．Our food festival will make a success. I’m sure.（合并成一个句子）
I our food festival will make a success.
4．I study in Lantian Middle School. Jane says.(合并为一个句子)
Jane says in Lantian Middle School.
5．“Do you like reading novels ” he asked me. (合并为一个句子)
He asked me I reading novels.
Unit 6 Living with nature宾语从句 （二）
词类 引导词 句中功能 例句
从属连词 that （无意义） 不作成分 可省略 They think (that) robots will be able to talk like humans in 25 to 50 years. （从句成分完整，that无实际意义可省略）
whether （是否） 不作成分 不可省略 I wonder if/whether it will rain tomorrow next year. I wonder whether it will rain tomorrow or not. It depends on whether we have enough time. （介词+whether，句末有or not用whether）
if（是否） 不作成分 不可省略 （同whether相关用法，注意介词后、or not前用whether）
连接代词 Who （谁，主/宾格） 从句不完整 充当成分 不可省略 We used a watch to see who was the fastest.（who作主语）
whom （谁，宾格） 从句不完整,充当成分,不可省略 Do you know whom the boy standing at the door is （whom作表语）
whose（谁的） 从句不完整, 充当成分, 不可省略 Do you know whose book it is （whose作定语）
what（什么） 从句不完整,充当成分,不可省略 We don't know what will happen in the future!（what作主语）
which （哪个） 从句不完整,充当成分, 不可省略 He hasn't decided which wallet he should buy for his father.（which作定语）
连接副词 when （何时） 从句完整 不可省略 Can you tell us when the band starts playing this evening （when作时间状语）
where （何地） 从句完整 不可省略 I wonder where we should go next. （where作地点状语）
how （怎样） 从句完整 不可省略 Could you please tell me how I can get to the post office （how作方式状语）
why （为什么） 从句完整 不可省略 You'd better explain why you were late for class again.（why作原因状语）
Unit 6 Living with nature 宾语从句（二） 语法突破
考点一：引导词的选择
( ) 1. —Could you tell me ______ the nearest post office is
—Go down this street and turn left. You’ll find it easily.
A．what　　B．how　　C．where　　D．when
( ) 2. —Do you know ________ the supermarket closes
—At 9:00 p.m.
A．when　　B．where　　C．how　　D．why
( ) 3. I don’t know ________ he will come to the party or not. Let’s wait for him for another ten minutes.
A．if　　B．whether　　C．that　　D．what
( ) 4. The student completed this experiment to make come true ______ Professor Joseph had said.
A．that　　B．what　　C．when　　D．where
( ) 5. —Excuse me, could you please tell me ________ I can get to Fun Park
—Sure. You can take No. 2 bus.
A．where　　B．what　　C．how　　D．when
考点二：宾语从句的时态
( ) 6. —Do you know when Jay ________ here tomorrow
—Sorry, I don’t know. But if he ________ here tomorrow, I’ll tell you at once.
A．comes; comes　　B．comes; will come　　C．will come; will come　　D．will come; comes
( ) 7. I asked my sister ________.
A．which one did she like best.　　B．which one she liked best　　C．which one she likes best　　D．which one does she like best
( ) 8. —Could you tell me when ________
—At 10:25, in ten minutes.
A．the bus has left　　B．the bus had left　　C．the bus would leave　　D．the bus will leave
( ) 9. —Excuse me. Do you know _________ the Book Festival tomorrow
—Yes. At the library.
A．where will we hold　　B．where do we hold　　C．where we will hold　　D．where we hold
( ) 10. Long, long ago people didn’t know that the earth ________ around the sun.
A．moves　　B．moved　　C．was moving　　D．move
考点三：宾语从句的语序
( ) 11. The two-hour documentary describes _________ in the future.
A．how Suzhou will be like　　B．what will Suzhou be like　　C．how Suzhou will be　　D．what Suzhou will like
( ) 12. Tom, do you know ________ the art festival I can’t wait to get started.
A．where will we hold　　B．how we will hold　　C．when will we hold　　D．when we will hold
( ) 13. — Could you please tell me ________
— Next Monday, I guess.
A．when will he come back　　B．what time he will come back　　
C．when he will come back　　D．when does he come back
( ) 14. —Do you know ________ the Science Museum tomorrow
—At 9:00 a. m.
A．what time they will arrive at　　B．what time will they arrive at　　
C．what time they arrived at　　D．what time did they arrive at
( ) 15. —Could you tell me ________
—Sure. She lives on the second floor.
A．where does she live　　B．where she lives　　C．where did she live　　D．where she lived
Unit 6 Living with nature宾语从句（二） 综合练习
一．用括号里所给单词的正确形式填空
1. Have you considered how ________ (get) to the right place
2. Peter promised that he ________ (share) something interesting with me as soon as he finished reading the book *The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn*.
3. Our teacher once told us that the early bird _________ (catch) the worm.
4. Let’s see how long we _________(keep) all these new words in our minds.
5. The teacher told us that the gravity on Mars ______ (be) only about three-eighths of that on Earth.
6. The enemy expected he ________ (regret) not giving in soon while he would rather die than betray his country.
7. Mr. Li told that light _________ (travel) faster than sound.
8. Our geography teacher told us the moon ________ (circle) the earth every 28 days.
9. I was told that some students in Grade Seven and Eight ______ (take) part in an English camp in Australia the next month.
10. When I was young, my grandpa told me that the earth ________ (move) around the sun.
11. Could you tell me if he ________ (hide) my new pen I can’t find it now.
12. The local government announced that it ________ (provide) enough daily goods for people during the lockdown.
13. —Paul’s loving his new job in the UK.
—What I didn’t even know he ________ (live) abroad!
14. The boy asked his father if the earth _______ (move) around the sun.
15. I learned from my teacher that the moon ________ the earth every 28 days.（circle）
二．单项选择
( ) 1. —What’s your plan for tomorrow
— I want to go out. But I don’t know ________.
A．where I went　　B．how the weather will be　　
C．which bus should I take　　D．that the museum is worth a visit
( ) 2. My American friend Sam is quite interested in Xuzhou. He wonders ________.
A．when was the Xuzhou Museum built　　B．how high is the Yunlong Mountain　　
C．that Xuzhou was very rich in ancient times　　D．who built Tomb of Han Dynasty in Guishan
( ) 3. —A train crash happened in Ohio several days ago.
— That was really bad news. People all wondered ________.
A．that why it happened　　B．how did the government help　　
C．what caused the terrible accident　　D．how many people are killed in the crash
( ) 4. — Do you know ________ I want to see a funny film.
— Just across the park.
A．what is the cinema　　B．what the cinema is　　
C．where is the cinema　　D．where the cinema is
( ) 5. —Do you know ________
— Yes. You can go to Mei Lanfang Theatre.
A．when we can see the famous scientist　　B．where we can go to see the Beijing Opera　　
C．how we can get to the library to borrow books D. where can we go to see the Beijing opera
( ) 6. Not until we lose it, will we realize ________ health matters to us.
A．how soon　　B．how much　　C．how often　　D．how many
( ) 7. —Excuse me, would you please tell me _________
—Certainly. Go straight along here. It’s next to a hospital.
A．why we can get to the post office　　B．how we can get to the post office　　
C．when we can get to the post office　　D．how soon we can get to the post office
( ) 8. The three-person team of Shenzhou-14 returned home in December, 2022. Do you know ________
A．if they will carry out many tasks　　B．how many classes did Liu Yang give　　
C．where it would land on earth at last　　D．when it was sent to Tiangong Space Station
( ) 9. —Excuse me. I wonder ________.
—Go down the road and then you can take subway Line 2 to reach there.
A．if subway Line 2 is near here　　B．how I can get to the train station　　
C．where can I take subway Line 2　　D．when can I reach the train station
( ) 10. Language learning itself isn’t that difficult. How much you devote decides ________.
A．who can you ask for help　　B．that you can take the lead　　
C．why you began to learn it　　D．whether you can learn it well
( ) 11. —Do you know________
—Sure. She will come in the summer vacation.
A．how Kate will come to China　　B．when Kate will come to China　　
C．why Kate wants to come to China D. where Kate will come to China
( ) 12. —Do you know ________ the new national park
—Yes, I do. To protect wildlife.
A．what China set up　　B．why China set up　　C．how China set up　　D．whether China set up
( ) 13. He asked ________.
A．when did you hold the sports meeting　　B．when you held the sports meeting　　
C．whether there will be a sports meeting　　D．whether will there be a sports meeting
( ) 14. —Lin Tao, Could you please tell me ________
—I don’t know exactly. Maybe in April.
A．when the panda YaYa will return to China　　B．how the panda YaYa will return to China　　
C．when will the panda YaYa return to China　　D．how will the panda YaYa return to China
( ) 15. —Excuse me, could you tell me ________ it is to go to SanTai Mountain Forest Park
—It’s about two hours’ ride.
A．how far　　B．how soon　　C．how long　　D．how often
( ) 16. —Could you please tell me ________
—For about twenty years.
A．how long have your parents married　　B．how long have your parents been married　　
C．how long your parents have married　　D．how long your parents have been married
( ) 17. — Could you tell me ________
—Of course. She lives on Center Street.
A．where Lucy lives　　B．who Lucy lives with　　C．why Lucy leaves there　　D．whether Lucy leaves there
( ) 18. —Could you tell me ________ the welcome party for Julia
—Next Friday.
A．when we held　　B．when we will hold　　C．when will we hold D. when did we hold
( ) 19. We should respect food and think about the people who don’t have ________ we have here and treat food nicely.
A．that　　B．which　　C．whether　　D．what
( ) 20. — Mr. Wang, could you please tell us ________ We can’t win the game without your help.
— Certainly! I’ll be back in 3 days.
A．how soon will you come back　　B．where will you come back　　
C．how soon you will come back D. where you will come back
三．改写句子
41．The man asked me, “Can you point me in the right direction for the bus station ” (改为宾语从句)
The man asked me ________ I ________ point him in the right direction for the bus station.
42．Kitty asked Ben, “Will we visit our uncle in Beijing during the holiday ”（改为宾语从句）
Kitty asked Ben ________ they ________ visit their uncle in Beijing during the holiday.
43．“Will you take part in the drama show next month ” Tina asked me.（改为宾语从句）
Tina asked me __________ I __________ take part in the drama show the next month.
44．“Who will be in charge of the next class meeting ” Mr Green asked us.（改为宾语从句）
Mr Green asked us ________ ________ be in charge of the next class meeting.
45．Will you show me how to do shopping online (改为宾语从句)
Will you show me ________ ________ can do shopping online
参考答案
Unit 1 Career talks一般现在时和一般将来时被动语态 综合练习
1．is spoken
【详解】句意：汉语被全世界越来越多的人说。
分析：主语 Chinese 与 speak 是被动关系，且句子陈述客观事实，用一般现在时被动语态，故填 is spoken。
2．are paid
【详解】句意：我们在每个月的最后一天被老板支付工资。
分析：主语 we 与 pay 是被动关系，根据 every month 可知用一般现在时被动语态，故填 are paid。
3．am invited
【详解】句意：——你今晚会去参加他的生日聚会吗？——不，除非我被邀请。
分析：unless 引导条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”；主语 I 与 invite 是被动关系，用一般现在时被动语态，故填 am invited。
4．is spent
【详解】句意：他的大部分时间都花在玩游戏上。
分析：主语 time 与 spend 是被动关系，句子陈述事实，用一般现在时被动语态，故填 is spent。
5．will be finished
【详解】句意：据报道，地铁5号线将在四年后完工。
分析：根据 in another four years 可知用一般将来时；主语 Metro Line 5 与 finish 是被动关系，故填 will be finished。
6．will be given
【详解】句意：如果你向老师请教，你会得到一些建议。
分析：if 引导条件状语从句，主句用一般将来时；主语 you 与 give 是被动关系，故填 will be given。
7．will be held
【详解】句意：下一届冬季奥运会将于2026年在米兰举行。
分析：根据 in 2026 可知用一般将来时；主语 The next Winter Olympic Games 与 hold 是被动关系，故填 will be held。
8．will be shown
【详解】句意：学校领导一到，客人们就会被带领参观新大楼。
分析：as soon as 引导时间状语从句，遵循“主将从现”；主语 the guests 与 show 是被动关系，故填 will be shown。
9．will be translated
【详解】句意：这本书将来会被翻译成超过30种外语。
分析：根据 in the future 可知用一般将来时；主语 the book 与 translate 是被动关系，故填 will be translated。
10．is known
【详解】句意：凡是对敦煌感兴趣的人都听说过樊锦诗。她被许多人称为“敦煌女儿”。
分析：主语 Fan 与 know 是被动关系，句子陈述事实，用一般现在时被动语态，故填 is known。
11．are put
【详解】句意：通常，剪纸在婚礼或节日时被贴在墙上、窗户和门上。
分析：根据 usually 可知用一般现在时；主语 paper cuttings 与 put 是被动关系，故填 are put。
12．is spoken
【详解】句意：白局中的所有对白都是用南京方言说的，通俗易懂，也很幽默。
分析：主语 All the dialogue 与 speak 是被动关系，句子陈述事实，用一般现在时被动语态，故填 is spoken。
13．are sent
【详解】句意：我的同学每年都会把新衣服和鞋子寄给贫困地区的孩子。
分析：根据 every year 可知用一般现在时；主语 New clothes and shoes 与 send 是被动关系，故填 are sent。
14．be put
【详解】句意：获奖名单将被张贴在学校网站上。
分析：根据 will 可知用一般将来时；主语 The list of winners 与 put up 是被动关系，故填 be put。
15．will be used
【详解】句意：随着高科技的快速发展，5G将在不久的将来在中国大部分地区使用。
分析：根据 in the near future 可知用一般将来时；主语 5G 与 use 是被动关系，故填 will be used。
16．to take
【详解】句意：我们被要求每天量体温。
分析：be asked to do sth. 是固定结构，故填 to take。
17．are expected
【详解】句意：在高中，你被期望更有条理，所以你可以写日记。
分析：主语 you 与 expect 是被动关系，句子陈述事实，用一般现在时被动语态，故填 are expected。
18．is held
【详解】句意：江苏英语听说自动化考试每年四月举行。
分析：根据 every year 可知用一般现在时；主语 exam 与 hold 是被动关系，故填 is held。
19．are planted
【详解】句意：每年都有许多树被种在街道两旁，使我们的城市更美丽。
分析：根据 every year 可知用一般现在时；主语 many trees 与 plant 是被动关系，故填 are planted。
20．are locked
【详解】句意：这些色彩鲜艳的自行车随处可见。骑行后被用户锁住，然后下一位骑手用手机解锁。
分析：主语 they 指 bicycles，与 lock 是被动关系，句子陈述事实，用一般现在时被动语态，故填 are locked。
二．单项选择
1．C
【详解】句意：如今，越来越多的人在使用语言学习应用程序。
考查动词时态及被动语态。根据“these days”可知，时态是一般现在时。结合“by”可知，此处是被动语态，应用程序被人们使用。故选C。
2．B
【详解】句意：当你感觉到冷空气从窗户透进来时，能量就被浪费了。
考查一般现在时的被动语态。根据“When you feel...”可知，句子是一般现在时，且主语“energy”和动词waste之间是被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态“am/is/are done”，故选B。
3．C
【详解】句意：福仔，一只可爱的警犬，将在不久的将来接受训练，以更好地应对不同的环境。
考查被动语态。根据“in the near future”可知，本句时态为一般将来时，主语Fu Zai是动作train“训练”的承受者，要用一般将来时的被动语态（will be done）。故选C。
4．D
【详解】句意：一些月球的照片将于下周在太空俱乐部展出。
考查一般将来时的被动语态。根据“next week”可知句子应用一般将来时，主语Some photos of the moon与动词show存在逻辑上的被动关系，因此句子应用一般将来时的被动语态，其谓语结构为：will be+过去分词。故选D。
5．D
【详解】句意：小程序“光盘”在年轻人中很受欢迎。它旨在帮助处理食物浪费。
考查时态和语态。主语it指代“这个小程序”，和动词design之间是被动关系，此处描述客观情况，句子用一般现在时，故此处用一般现在时的被动语态，be动词用is。故选D。
6．B
【详解】句意：——早上好！我能要一盘饺子吗？——抱歉。饺子只在晚餐时供应。
考查一般现在时的被动语态。Dumplings和serve之间为动宾关系，故此处使用被动语态。本句描述一般的状态，用一般现在时的被动语态即可。故选B。
7．D
【详解】句意：为了使环境更好，明年将种植更多的树。
考查一般将来时被动语态。主语more trees与动词plant之间被动关系，结合next year可知，此处用一般将来时被动语态will be done的结构，故选D。
8．B
【详解】句意：下星期五下午将在学校礼堂举行一场关于机器人的演讲。
is given一般现在时的被动语态；will be given一般将来时的被动语态；was given一般过去时的被动语态；has been given现在完成时的被动语态。根据时间状语“next Friday afternoon”下周五下午，可确定句子时态为一般将来时态；主语A speech on robots和动词give是被动关系，故句子的语态为一般将来时态的被动语态，其结构是：will be +动词的过去分词。故选B。
9．C
【详解】句意：——每年有相当多的濒危动物在自然公园受到保护。——太好了！动物是我们的朋友。
考查一般现在时的被动语态。本句主语是动作的承受者，结合“every year”可知，此处用一般现在时的被动语态。故选C。
10．B
【详解】句意：——在德国说哪种语言？——大多数人会说德语，但也有很多人会说英语。
考查一般现在时的被动语态。句子应用一般现在时，句子主语language与动词speak存在逻辑上的被动关系，则句子采用一般现在时的被动语态，其谓语结构为：am/is/are+过去分词。故选B。
11．B
【详解】句意：沙子被闪电击中会变成玻璃。
考查语态。句子主语it指代的是“Sand”，与动词hit之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，陈述事实用一般现在时，故选B。
12．D
【详解】句意：——你吃过包萨吗？一种披萨和包子的混合物。——当然。下个月，杨州的一家包子工厂将每天生产数千个包萨。
考查时态和语态。will make将制作，一般将来时；makes制作，动词三单；was made被做，一般过去时的被动结构；will be made将被制作，一般将来时的被动结构；根据句意理解可知，句子主语baozza和谓语动词make之间是被动关系，所以应该用被动结构，而句中的时间是next month，且each day是指将来的每一天，所以应该用一般将来时的被动，故选D。
13．C
【详解】句意：如果你和你的密友说话，生活中的忧虑就会减少。
A. will reduce会减少，一般将来时；B. were reducing正在减少，过去进行时；C. will be reduced将被减少，将来时被动语态；D. were reduced被减少，一般过去时态被动语态。这里是if引导的条件状语从句，遵循主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时态，根据主语是Worries可知这里是将来时的被动语态，其结构是will be done的形式。根据题意，故选C。
14．A
【详解】句意：每天，我们学校都有太多的水被浪费了。我们应该节约用水。
考查一般现在时的被动语态。根据“Every day”可知，句子应用一般现在时，主语为too much water，与动词waste之间存在被动关系，所以用一般现在时的被动语态，主语是第三人称单数，be动词应用is，waste的过去分词为wasted。故选A。
15．B
【详解】句意：随着科学技术的发展，5G被用来帮助我们更方便地生活。
考查被动语态。根据“5G...to help us live more conveniently”可知，“5G”与“use”为被动关系，此处表示被使用，应用被动语态，be used to do sth.表示“被用来做某事”。故选B。
三．完成句子
1．is regarded
【详解】句意：齐齐哈尔被认为是丹顶鹤之城。一般现在时被动语态，故填 is regarded。
2．are hung
【详解】句意：湿衣服被爱丽丝挂在阳台上晾干。一般现在时被动语态，hang（悬挂）的过去分词为 hung，故填 are hung。
3．are written
【详解】句意：梅每周为校报写几篇文章。一般现在时被动语态，故填 are written。
4．will be sung
【详解】句意：一首歌将被他唱作为礼物。一般将来时被动语态，故填 will be sung。
5．will be built
【详解】句意：一座木桥将被他们建造。一般将来时被动语态，故填 will be built。
6．be held
【详解】句意：我们学校运动会将在下月举行。一般将来时被动语态，will 后接 be held，故填 be held。
7．will be held
【详解】句意：足球赛将在城市中心举行。一般将来时被动语态，故填 will be held。
8．are; taught to
【详解】句意：在汤姆的班上，学生们总是被教导要互相帮助。一般现在时被动语态，teach sb. to do sth. 变为 be taught to do sth.，故填 are; taught to。
9．is the most widely used
【详解】句意：在所有这些语言中，英语是使用最广泛的。一般现在时被动语态，最高级，故填 is the most widely used。
10．is considered to
【详解】句意：他被认为是中国最伟大的浪漫主义诗人之一。一般现在时被动语态，故填 is considered to。
Unit 2 Growing pains and gains 一般过去时的被动语态 综合练习
一．用括号里所给单词的正确形式填空
1． will be used
【详解】句意：我们希望DeepSeek能在更多领域得到应用，让我们的生活在未来变得更好。根据“in the future”可知，此处表示将来的事情，句子时态应用一般将来时，分析句子结构可知，主语“DeepSeek”与“use”为逻辑上的动宾关系，用被动语态，应填will be used。故填will be used。
2．sells
【详解】句意：现在，这本书卖得很好。根据“this book”和“well”可知动词sell描述主语this book的特征时，应用主动表被动，根据“Nowadays”可知句子用一般现在时，主语为this book，谓语动词用三单形式。故填sells。
3．is thought
【详解】句意：如今，秧歌舞被视为我国重要的一个文化瑰宝。根据“Today”可知，句子时态为一般现在时，主语“Yangko Dance”与空处为逻辑上的动宾关系，用被动语态，应填is thought。故填is thought。
4．are grown
【详解】句意：每年山的两侧种植大量茶树。根据“every year”可知句子用一般现在时，且“tea plants”是“被种植”，存在被动关系，一般现在时被动语态结构为“are + 过去分词”，“grow”的过去分词是“grown”。故填are grown。
5．are produced
【详解】分析句意：每一年，在这个工厂大约有七十五万辆小汽车被生产。分析：考查被动语态的用法，构成为be done（动词的过去分词），时间为每一年，体现为一般现在时的被动词态。故填are produced。
6．was sold
【详解】句意：他的新小说很受欢迎，上星期就卖光了。主语it与动词sell之间是被动关系，且“last week”是一般过去时标志词，故此处应用一般过去时被动语态was/were done的结构，主语it是第三人称单数形式，故填was sold。
7．held
【详解】句意：2021年7月1日，中国共产党成立100周年在北京天安门广场隆重举行。主语“The 100th Anniversary of the Founding of the CPC”和动词“hold”之间是被动关系，需用被动语态(be done)。hold的过去分词为held。故填held。
8．built
【详解】句意：这座房子建于19世纪，是那个时代的典型风格。分子句子可知主语house和build之间是被动关系，应用被动语态：be done，动词用过去分词，故填built。
9．were encouraged
【详解】句意：在2005年至2015年间，数百家工厂被鼓励搬迁或关闭。根据句子结构可知，主语“Hundreds of factories”与动词“encourage”之间是被动关系，且时间状语“between 2005 and 2015”表明动作发生在过去。因此，此处需要用被动语态的一般过去时形式。一般过去时的被动语态为“was/were + 过去分词”。由于主语是复数形式“Hundreds of factories”，be动词要用复数形式。故填were encouraged。
10．will be controlled
【详解】句意：未来几年，一些自然美景领域的发展将得到控制。根据“in the next few years”可知应用一般将来时，主语Development和动词control是动宾关系，应用一般将来时的被动语态，其结构为“will be+动词过去分词”，故填will be controlled。
11．will be controlled
【详解】句意：未来几年，自然风景区的开发将受到控制。主语“Development in areas of natural beauty”与动词control之间是被动关系，结合“in the next few years”可知用一般将来时的被动语态，其结构为will be done，control的过去分词controlled。故填will be controlled。
12．will be invited
【详解】句意：这位著名的科学家下周将被邀请到我们学校作演讲。根据“next week”可知时态为一般将来时；主语“This famous scientist”与动词invite存在被动关系，故应用一般将来时的被动语态，结构为wil be done。故填will be invited。
13．will be offered
【详解】句意：汤姆一完成任务，就会有两周的假期。offer“提供，给予”，动词，状语从句“as soon as…”用于描述某个事件或动作在满足特定条件后立即发生，此处应指汤姆一完成任务就会“被给予”两周的假期，主语Tom与offer之间为被动关系，且表示将来发生的事情，应用一般将来时的被动语态，其结构为“will be done”。故填will be offered。
14．will be divided
【详解】句意：我们班的所有学生被分成六个小组，两天后去进行实地考察。主语All the students in my class与动词divide之间为被动关系，需被动语态。根据“in two days.”可知，本句为一般将来时，故需一般将来时的被动语态，其结构为will be done，故填will be divided。
15．will be built
【详解】句意：一座新桥将很快建成，希望能方便该地区村民的出行。主语bridge和动词build之间是被动关系，应用被动语态；根据soon可知，时态是一般将来时，所以空处应用一般将来时的被动语态，其结构是：will be+动词过去分词，build的过去分词是built。故填will be built。
16．feels
【详解】句意：众所周知，玻璃在冬天比木头冷得多。根据“glass...much colder than wood in winter.”可知，陈述的是一个事实真理，因此用一般现在时；feel为感官动词，主动形式表达被动含义，后接形容词作表语；主语“glass”是第三人称单数，动词用三单形式feels。故填feels。
17．reads
【详解】句意：——你觉得这首诗怎么样？——有点长，但不管怎样，它读起来很好。此处是描述主语的特征的不及物动词，用主动表被动，时态是一般现在时，主语是it，动词用三单。故填reads。
18．checking/to be checked
【详解】句意：机器人每月需要检查一次。我们将免费为你检查它。主语The robot和check之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，need doing/need to be done表示“……需要被做”。故填checking/to be checked。
19．is learned/is learnt
【详解】句意：随着我国的发展，汉语在许多其他国家被学习。主语Chinese和谓语learn之间是被动关系，且此处描述客观情况，用一般现在时的被动语态，be动词用is，learn的过去分词是learned/learnt。故填is learned/learnt。
20．is told
【详解】此题重点考查单词的拼写和各种形式的运用。以及对整个语句的理解
21．is thrown
【详解】句意：如果所有的垃圾都被扔进垃圾箱，我们的城市就能保持清洁。throw“扔”是动词。本句为if引导的条件状语从句，从句主语“all the rubbish”是动作的承受者，应用被动语态，结构为“be + 过去分词”；主句“our city can keep clean”为一般现在时，从句也应用一般现在时，主语为不可数名词，be动词用is。故填is thrown。
22．was named
【详解】句意：据说这个博物馆是多年前以瞿秋白的名字命名的。主语this museum是动词name的承受者，根据时间状语“many years ago”可知，是一般过去时的被动语态，主语“this museum”是单数，be动词用was。故填was named。
23．was introduced
【详解】句意：在2020年的梅兰芳艺术节上，京剧被介绍给世界上更多的人。根据句意，主语和动词之间是动宾关系，故应用被动语态；结合时间状语“during the 2020 Mei Lanfang Art Festival”可知，应用一般过去时的被动语态，构成形式为：was/were done；主语“Beijing opera”是第三人称单数形式，故助动词应用was；introduce的过去分词是introduced。故填was introduced。
24．was invented
【详解】句意：互联网是美国政府在20世纪60年代发明的，供军队使用。根据“by the US government”可知，此处用被动语态结构，结合时间状语in the 1960s可知，此处用一般过去时被动语态was/were done的结构，主语Internet表单数，助动词用was，故填was invented。
25．developed
【详解】句意：ChatGPT是由OpenAI开发的人工智能聊天机器人，于2022年11月与公众见面。develop“开发”，动词，和主语之间是被动关系，动词用过去分词，故填developed。
26．named
【详解】句意：联合国于2009年将6月8日定为世界海洋日。分析句子可知，主语“June 8th”和谓语动词name之间是动宾关系，所以该句为一般过去时的被动语态，be动词was后跟动词的过去分词named，故填named。
27．was built
【详解】句意：这座石桥建于800多年前。本句主语是动作的承受者，结合时间状语“over 800 years ago”可知，是一般过去时的被动语态，故填was built。
28．was written
【详解】句意：——你知道《生死两难》这本书吗？——知道，它是阿伦·罗斯顿写的。本句主语是动作的承受者，动作发生在过去，用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为第三人称单数，be动词用was。故填was written。
29．was created
【详解】句意：最有名的漫威英雄角色之一的蜘蛛侠创作于1962年。主语Spiderman与谓语动词create之间是被动关系，根据“...in 1962.”可知描述过去的事，用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was created。
30．was burned/was burnt
【详解】句意：2019年4月15日，巴黎圣母院被烧了。根据“主语和burn的关系”可知，两者是动宾关系，因此用被动语态； 再者根据“on April 15, 2019”可知，时态为一般过去时。故填was burned / was burnt。
二．单项选择
1．D
【详解】句意：去年春天种了很多树，所以今年我们可以看到更多的绿色。
考查一般过去时的被动语态。根据“last spring”可知，动作发生在过去，且“trees”与“plant”之间是动宾关系，需用被动语态。故选D。
2．C
【详解】句意：老舍写了很多戏剧，被评为“人民艺术家”。
考查被动语态。分析句子可知，此处指老舍被称为“人民艺术家”，主语he和谓语name之间是被动关系，应为被动语态，结构是be done。故选C。
3．D
【详解】句意：当艾玛的作品在课堂上被当作模范朗读时，她很兴奋。
考查一般过去时的被动语态。本句主语是动作的承受者，结合“Emma got excited”可知，动作发生在过去，所以用一般过去时的被动语态were/was done。故选D。
4．D
【详解】句意：2023年亚运会期间，机器狗首次被用作志愿者。
考查时态和语态。主语Robot dogs和谓语use之间是被动关系，根据“during the 2023 Asian Games.”可知此处用一般过去时的被动语态was/were done。故选D。
5．C
【详解】句意：卡塔尔世界杯于去年11月21日至12月18日举行。
考查一般过去时的被动语态。本句主语“The Qatar World Cup”是动作“hold”的承受者，时态是一般过去时，所以用一般过去时的被动语态。故选C。
6．A
【详解】句意：上个月，我们社区建了一个老人食堂。
考查一般过去时的被动语态。根据“Last month”可知，是一般过去时，主语是动作的承受者，所以用一般过去时的被动语态。故选A。
7．A
【详解】句意：第十八届中国国际酒类博览会于2023年4月13日至4月16日在泸州举行。
考查一般过去时的被动语态。根据“The 18th China International Alcoholic Drinks Expo (CIADE) … in Luzhou from April 13th to April 16th, 2023.”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，表示过去的状态，主语和动词hold之间为被动关系，因此用一般过去时的被动语态“was/were done”。故选A。
8．C
【详解】句意：2022年6月5日，三名中国宇航员被送入太空。
考查语态。根据“on June 5th, 2022.”可知，句子用一般过去时，astronauts和take之间是被动关系，因此用一般过去时的被动语态，故选C。
9．C
【详解】句意：——爸爸，我今晚能看《再见，李可乐》这部电影吗？——当然可以，如果你的作业完成了。
考查条件状语从句的时态和被动语态。if引导的条件状语从句中，需遵循“主将从现”原则，即主句表将来，从句用一般现在时；“homework”和“finish”之间是被动关系（作业被完成），所以用一般现在时的被动语态is finished。故选C。
10．D
【详解】句意：——你们学校看起来很漂亮。——谢谢。我们学校每年都会种树种花来让它变美。
考查动词时态和语态。根据“every year”可知，此处用一般现在时；主语“Trees and flowers”与“plant”是被动关系，表示树和花是被种植的，需用被动语态结构，are planted符合语法和语境。故选D。
11．D
【详解】句意：抖音，一个非常受欢迎的应用程序，被不同年龄段的人喜欢。
考查被动语态。enjoys享受，一般现在时的主动语态；enjoyed享受，一般过去时的主动语态；has enjoyed已经享受，现在完成时的主动语态；is enjoyed被享受，一般现在时的被动语态。句子中“by people of different ages”表示动作的执行者，因此主语“Douyin”是动作的承受者，需用被动语态。故选D。
12．B
【详解】句意：除非我被邀请，否则我不会去派对。
考查被动语态。invite动词原形；am invited一般现在时的被动语态；will invite一般将来时态；will be invited一般将来时态的被动语态。unless引导的条件状语从句遵循“主将从现”原则，即主句为将来时，从句用一般现在时表示将来，主语“I”是动作“邀请”的承受者，此处是一般现在时的被动语态。故选B。
13．D
【详解】句意：2028年洛杉矶奥运会将于7月14日举行。
考查被动语态。根据“The 2028”可知，时态是一般将来时，主语和动词hold是被动关系，所以需要用一般将来时的被动语态。故选D。
14．D
【详解】句意：——越来越多的人喜欢在夜晚游览镇江的京畿路。——是的。在接下来的日子里，将会举办更多文化活动，让它更加受欢迎。
考查动词时态和语态。根据“In the coming days”可知，动作发生在将来，应用一般将来时，排除B、C选项。“more cultural activities”与“举办”之间是被动关系，活动被举办，因此需用被动语态“will be+过去分词”。故选D。
15．C
【详解】句意：Frank被要求站在教室前面分享他对英语学习的看法。
考查非谓语动词。根据“Frank was made ... in front of the classroom to share his opinions about English learning.”可知，make是使役动词，make sb. do sth.“使某人做某事”，变为被动语态，要还原to，即sb. be made to do sth.。故选C。
16．D
【详解】句意：你的车很脏。它需要被清洗。
考查非谓语动词。need接动名词，表示被动意义，这时动名词和主语之间有动宾关系，“need doing”可转换为“need to be done”结构，根据语境可知，此处指汽车需要被清洗。故选D。
17．B
【详解】句意：这棉花摸起来很软，看起来很白，我认为质量很好。
考查系动词的用法。feel感觉，摸起来；look看起来；smell闻起来；sound听起来。系动词没有被动语态，故排除选项A、D。根据句意可知第一个空是摸起来很软，第二个空是看起来很白，且主语是“The cotton”，故谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式，结合选项，故选B。
18．D
【详解】句意：这双鞋是我妈妈做的，它们感觉很舒服。
考查主谓一致和动词的语态。由pair等量词构成的短语作主语时，谓语动词的形式由量词的单复数形式决定，因为题干中的pair是单数，所以第一空中的be动词应用was，排除B、C；第二空feel是感官动词，应用主动表被动，所以排除A。故选D。
19．D
【详解】句意：马铃薯在16世纪被带到欧洲，很快在欧洲各地得到了广泛的应用。
考查动词时态及语态。Potatoes与动词take之间是被动关系，即：马铃薯被带到欧洲；根据“in the 1500s”可知，时态是一般过去时，一般过去时的被动语态结构为：was/were done。故选D。
20．C
【详解】句意：由于暴雨，青岛的游客昨天被警告远离海滩。
考查被动语态和时态。根据“visitors in Qingdao...to stay away from the beach yesterday”可知，此处为一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为was/were+动词过去分词，主语visitors是复数，be动词用were。故选C。
三．完成句子
1． am given
【详解】句意：他通常给我一些建议。原句为主动语态的一般现在时，主语是He，谓语是gives，宾语是me和some advice。改为被动语态时，原句的间接宾语me变为主语I，原句的直接宾语some advice保留不变。被动语态结构为“be + 过去分词”，主语I为第一人称单数，因此be动词用am。gives的过去分词为given。频率副词usually位置不变，放在be动词之后、过去分词之前。故填am；given。
2． was helped to cross
【详解】句意：这个陌生人帮助老人过马路。原句为主动语态，主语是“The stranger”，谓语是“helped”，宾语是“the old man”，且时态为一般过去时。改为被动语态时，宾语“the old man”变为主语，一般过去时的被动语态结构为was/were done sth by sb，主语为“The old man”，be动词用was。“help”的过去分词为helped，原句help sb do sth变为被动语态，要还原to，变为was helped to do sth。cross的不定式为to cross。故填was；helped；to；cross。
3． were grown
【详解】句意：很多年前，中国人就种植茶树了。原句是一般过去时，所以一般过去时被动语态结构为：主语+was/were+过去分词+其他。Tea plants作主语，为复数，故be动词为were；grew的过去分词为grown。故填were；grown。
4． are used
【详解