2026高考英语 重难点专项突破练习卷28 长难句拆解——主谓宾隔离+嵌套从句 导学案（含答案）
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2026高考英语·重难点专项突破练习卷28
长难句拆解——主谓宾隔离+嵌套从句
核【核心知识·深度解读】
长难句是阅读理解的主要障碍，其难点在于：主谓宾被各种修饰成分（定语、状语、插入语）隔离，或者从句层层嵌套。掌握三步分析法，可以快速剥离修饰、抓住主干、理清逻辑。
一、三步分析法
① 找谓语动词：谓语动词是句子的核心，有几个谓语就有几个分句（并列句或从句）。
② 寻连接词：连接词（that, which, who, what, when, where, why, how, if, whether, because, although等）引导从句，帮助我们识别从句类型和层次。
③ 定主干：先找出主句的主谓宾，再分析从句的修饰关系。
二、五种常见嵌套结构
结构类型 示例 分析
主语从句+表语从句 What surprised me most was that he had never been abroad. What引导主语从句，that引导表语从句。
定语从句中嵌套宾语从句 The report which confirmed that the economy was recovering was published yesterday. which引导定语从句修饰report，that引导宾语从句作confirmed的宾语。
状语从句中嵌套定语从句 When I visited the factory where my father worked, I felt proud. when引导时间状语从句，where引导定语从句修饰factory。
同位语从句+定语从句 The news that our team had won, which was announced on the radio, excited everyone. that引导同位语从句解释news，which引导非限制性定语从句补充信息。
并列句+复合句 He said that he would come, but he didn't tell me when he would arrive. but连接并列句，前一个分句含宾语从句，后一个分句含宾语从句。
三、解题步骤
① 通读全句，圈出所有谓语动词。
② 找出连接词，划分从句边界。
③ 去掉修饰成分（定语、状语、插入语），露出主干。
④ 逐层理解从句的意义及其与主句的关系。
⑤ 代入语境，确保理解准确。
四、 示例
原句：The idea that technology can replace teachers, which sounds appealing to some, ignores the fact that education is fundamentally a human interaction.
分析：主干是The idea...ignores the fact。that technology can replace teachers是同位语从句修饰idea；which sounds appealing to some是非限制性定语从句修饰idea；that education is fundamentally a human interaction是同位语从句修饰fact。
题型：共60题，含主干提取、从句类型判断、翻译选择、篇章阅读长难句释义。
专项突破·长难句拆解60题
一、划出句子主干（请用下划线标出每个句子的主语、谓语和宾语/表语）
1. The man who is standing under the tree, wearing a blue coat, is my uncle.
2. What we need most right now, as you can imagine, is a good rest.
3. The fact that he didn't pass the exam, which surprised all of us, made his parents very sad.
4. I will never forget the day when I first met you at the railway station.
5. The reason why he was late, as he explained, was that his car broke down on the way.
6. Although it was raining heavily, the children insisted on playing outside.
7. The book which I borrowed from the library yesterday is very interesting.
8. My mother told me that I should apologize to him for my rude behavior.
9. The question whether we should accept the offer remains to be discussed.
10. When we arrived at the airport, we were told that the flight had been canceled.
11. The news that our team had won the championship spread quickly through the campus.
12. He is the only person in our company who can speak three foreign languages fluently.
13. Whatever you decide to do, I will support you unconditionally.
14. The more you practice, the better your English will become.
15. It is reported that a new bridge will be built across the river next year.
16. I have no idea where he has gone and when he will be back.
17. The teacher suggested that we should read more books, which is very helpful for our writing.
18. Not only did he finish his homework on time, but he also helped his sister with hers.
19. The man whom you saw at the party last night is a famous actor.
20. It was because of his carelessness that the accident happened.
二、判断从句类型（写出画线部分从句的类型）
21. What you need is more patience and practice.
22. The news that he was promoted delighted his family.
23. This is the factory where my father used to work.
24. I wonder if he will come to the party.
25. When we will start the project hasn't been decided yet.
26. He didn't come to school yesterday because he was ill.
27. The man who is talking with our teacher is my uncle.
28. My suggestion is that we should leave immediately.
29. Whether it will rain or not doesn't matter to us.
30. I still remember the day when I first came to this city.
31. The reason why he was absent is unknown.
32. Although it was late, she continued working.
33. The book which I bought yesterday is very interesting.
34. He spoke so fast that I couldn't follow him.
35. The fact that he succeeded surprised everyone.
三、选择正确译文（从A、B、C、D中选择与原句意思最接近的翻译）
36. The idea that we can achieve success without hard work is a complete illusion.
A. 没有努力就能成功的想法完全是个幻觉。 B. 我们可以不努力就成功，这个想法很完美。 C. 成功的想法不需要努力，这是幻觉。 D. 不努力的想法导致成功是幻觉。
37. What surprised me most was not what he said but the way he said it.
A. 最让我吃惊的不是他说的内容，而是他说话的方式。 B. 他说的内容和方式都让我吃惊。 C. 让我吃惊的是他说话的方式而不是内容。 D. 他说的内容和方式都不让我吃惊。
38. The factory, whose products are popular both at home and abroad, was founded in 1990.
A. 这家工厂成立于1990年，其产品在国内外都很受欢迎。 B. 成立于1990年的这家工厂产品在国内外受欢迎。 C. 产品在国内外受欢迎的这家工厂成立于1990年。 D. 以上都对。
39. It is generally believed that a person's mood can be affected by the weather.
A. 一般相信一个人的情绪能受天气影响。 B. 人们普遍认为天气会影响人的情绪。 C. 天气被普遍认为能影响人的情绪。 D. 一个人的情绪受天气影响，这是普遍相信的。
40. The reason why he failed the exam is that he didn't study hard.
A. 他考试不及格的原因是他没有努力学习。 B. 他没有努力学习，所以他考试不及格。 C. 因为他没有努力学习，所以考试不及格。 D. 他考试不及格，原因是他没有努力学习。
41. He had a strange expression on his face, which made me feel uneasy.
A. 他脸上有一种奇怪的表情，这让我感到不安。 B. 他脸上奇怪的表情让我不安。 C. 因为他脸上奇怪的表情，我感到不安。 D. 他脸上有一种让我不安的奇怪表情。
42. Whatever happens, we will stand by your side.
A. 无论发生什么，我们都会站在你身边。 B. 不管发生什么，我们都会支持你。 C. 无论何事发生，我们都会支持你。 D. 以上都对。
43. The news that our team had won the championship excited everyone.
A. 我们队赢得冠军的消息让每个人兴奋。 B. 我们队赢得冠军，这个消息让每个人兴奋。 C. 每个人都因为我们队赢得冠军的消息而兴奋。 D. 以上都对。
44. Not only did he finish the task on time, but he also did it perfectly.
A. 他不仅按时完成了任务，而且完成得很完美。 B. 他不但按时完成任务，还完美地完成了它。 C. 他按时完成且完美地完成了任务。 D. 以上都对。
45. It was in this small town that I spent my happy childhood.
A. 就是在这个小镇上，我度过了快乐的童年。 B. 我快乐的童年是在这个小镇度过的。 C. 这个小镇是我度过快乐童年的地方。 D. 以上都对。
四、篇章阅读长难句释义（阅读下面短文，从每题所给的选项中选出与画线句子意思最接近的选项）
Passage 1
In recent years, the concept of "digital minimalism" has gained traction among tech users. 46. It encourages people to focus on meaningful online activities rather than mindless scrolling. Proponents argue that by reducing screen time, we can improve mental health and productivity. 47. However, critics warn that completely disconnecting from technology might not be realistic in today's interconnected world. They suggest a balanced approach, where we use technology intentionally. 48. This means being aware of how and why we use digital devices, and making conscious choices about our online time.
46. The underlined sentence means that digital minimalism ______.
A. asks people to stop using digital devices B. encourages people to engage in meaningful online activities instead of meaningless browsing C. focuses on reducing screen time by any means D. suggests that online activities are all meaningless
47. The critics' view is that ______.
A. we should completely disconnect from technology B. it's impossible to completely avoid technology in modern society C. technology is harmful and should be avoided D. we should use technology as much as possible
48. The phrase "being aware of how and why we use digital devices" implies ______.
A. we should know the technical details of devices B. we should reflect on our usage patterns and motivations C. we should use devices only when necessary D. we should limit usage to one hour per day
Passage 2
The ancient city of Pingyao, which is located in Shanxi Province, is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. 49. It is one of the best-preserved ancient cities in China, with its original layout and architecture largely intact. Visitors can walk along the old city walls and explore traditional courtyards. 50. What makes Pingyao unique is that it offers a glimpse into Chinese commercial and banking history from the Ming and Qing dynasties. Many of the buildings have been converted into museums, 51. where visitors can learn about the rise of Shanxi merchants and the development of early Chinese banks.
49. The sentence means Pingyao ______.
A. has been completely rebuilt B. has kept its original form well C. is a modern city with ancient walls D. has many new buildings
50. The unique aspect of Pingyao is that ______.
A. it was a commercial center in ancient times B. it shows the history of Chinese commerce and banking C. it has many museums D. it is located in Shanxi
51. The underlined part suggests that visitors ______.
A. can only see the buildings from outside B. can learn about history inside the museums C. can buy things from the merchants D. can open bank accounts
Passage 3
Climate change is one of the most pressing issues of our time. 52. The fact that global temperatures have risen by 1.2°C since pre-industrial times is alarming. Scientists warn that if we fail to reduce carbon emissions, the consequences could be catastrophic. 53. However, what gives us hope is the growing global movement toward renewable energy and sustainable practices. Many countries have pledged to achieve carbon neutrality by mid-century. 54. It is believed that with collective effort, we can still limit warming to 1.5°C and avoid the worst impacts.
52. The underlined sentence expresses ______.
A. concern about the temperature rise B. joy about the temperature rise C. indifference to climate change D. doubt about the data
53. The source of hope mentioned is ______.
A. the rise in temperature B. the global movement for renewables and sustainability C. the failure to reduce emissions D. the catastrophic consequences
54. The sentence means that ______.
A. we can definitely limit warming to 1.5°C B. collective effort might enable us to limit warming to 1.5°C C. it is too late to avoid the worst impacts D. only governments can solve the problem
Passage 4
The Great Wall of China, which stretches over 13,000 miles, is one of the most iconic structures in the world. 55. Originally built as a defense system against invasions, it now serves as a symbol of Chinese civilization and attracts millions of tourists annually. 56. What many visitors don't realize is that the wall is not a single continuous wall but a series of fortifications built by different dynasties. Some sections are well-preserved, while others have fallen into ruin. 57. The fact that it has stood for centuries is a testament to the ingenuity and determination of the ancient Chinese people.
55. The sentence indicates that the wall's function has ______.
A. remained the same B. changed from military to cultural C. become less important D. been forgotten
56. Many visitors don't know that ______.
A. the wall is a single continuous structure B. the wall consists of multiple parts built in different periods C. the wall is only 13,000 miles long D. the wall has no sections
57. The underlined part emphasizes ______.
A. the wall's age B. the wall's beauty C. the wisdom and persistence of ancient builders D. the wall's popularity
Passage 5
Elon Musk, the CEO of SpaceX and Tesla, is known for his ambitious vision of the future. 58. His goal of colonizing Mars, which many consider unrealistic, has sparked both excitement and skepticism. 59. However, his supporters argue that throughout history, many ideas that seemed impossible eventually became reality. 60. Whether or not Musk's Mars project succeeds, it has already inspired a new generation of space enthusiasts and accelerated innovation in aerospace technology.
58. The underlined part suggests that Musk's Mars goal ______.
A. is widely accepted B. causes mixed reactions C. is completely ignored D. has been achieved
59. Supporters believe that ______.
A. impossible ideas never become reality B. history shows that seemingly impossible ideas can come true C. Musk's idea is definitely impossible D. only realistic ideas matter
60. The sentence means that regardless of the outcome, Musk's project ______.
A. has had a positive impact on space interest and technology B. has failed to inspire anyone C. will definitely succeed D. has slowed down innovation
参考答案及解析
一、划出句子主干（答案略，教师可参考解析）
1. The man is my uncle. (who引导定语从句，wearing分词作定语)
2. What we need is a good rest. (主语从句，as you can imagine插入语)
3. The fact made his parents very sad. (that同位语从句，which非限制性定语从句)
4. I will never forget the day. (when引导定语从句)
5. The reason was that his car broke down. (why定语从句，as he explained插入语)
6. the children insisted on playing outside. (Although状语从句)
7. The book is very interesting. (which定语从句)
8. My mother told me that... (宾语从句，主谓宾已含)
9. The question remains to be discussed. (whether同位语从句)
10. we were told that... (When状语从句，主句we were told...)
11. The news spread quickly through the campus. (that同位语从句)
12. He is the only person. (who定语从句)
13. I will support you unconditionally. (Whatever状语从句)
14. your English will become better. (The more...the better...结构)
15. It is reported that... (it形式主语，that主语从句)
16. I have no idea. (where和when引导同位语从句)
17. The teacher suggested that... (宾语从句，which定语从句)
18. he finished his homework on time, he helped his sister. (Not only倒装，but also并列)
19. The man is a famous actor. (whom定语从句)
20. the accident happened. (强调句，去掉It was...that后句子完整)
二、判断从句类型
21. 主语从句 22. 同位语从句 23. 定语从句 24. 宾语从句 25. 主语从句 26. 状语从句 27. 定语从句 28. 表语从句 29. 主语从句 30. 定语从句 31. 定语从句 32. 状语从句 33. 定语从句 34. 状语从句 35. 同位语从句
三、选择正确译文
36. A 37. A 38. D (三个选项都正确，只是语序不同) 39. B 40. A 41. A (B和C也基本正确，但A最贴近原句结构) 42. D 43. D 44. D 45. D
四、篇章阅读长难句释义
46. B 47. B 48. B 49. B 50. B 51. B 52. A 53. B 54. B 55. B 56. B 57. C 58. B 59. B 60. A
教学使用建议： 建议学生先复习三步分析法，然后独立完成练习。对于主干提取题，可让学生口头说出主干；对于从句类型判断题，要能说出判断依据；翻译题鼓励多种表达。篇章阅读部分可结合上下文加深理解。
2/2
长难句拆解——主谓宾隔离+嵌套从句
核【核心知识·深度解读】
长难句是阅读理解的主要障碍，其难点在于：主谓宾被各种修饰成分（定语、状语、插入语）隔离，或者从句层层嵌套。掌握三步分析法，可以快速剥离修饰、抓住主干、理清逻辑。
一、三步分析法
① 找谓语动词：谓语动词是句子的核心，有几个谓语就有几个分句（并列句或从句）。
② 寻连接词：连接词（that, which, who, what, when, where, why, how, if, whether, because, although等）引导从句，帮助我们识别从句类型和层次。
③ 定主干：先找出主句的主谓宾，再分析从句的修饰关系。
二、五种常见嵌套结构
结构类型 示例 分析
主语从句+表语从句 What surprised me most was that he had never been abroad. What引导主语从句，that引导表语从句。
定语从句中嵌套宾语从句 The report which confirmed that the economy was recovering was published yesterday. which引导定语从句修饰report，that引导宾语从句作confirmed的宾语。
状语从句中嵌套定语从句 When I visited the factory where my father worked, I felt proud. when引导时间状语从句，where引导定语从句修饰factory。
同位语从句+定语从句 The news that our team had won, which was announced on the radio, excited everyone. that引导同位语从句解释news，which引导非限制性定语从句补充信息。
并列句+复合句 He said that he would come, but he didn't tell me when he would arrive. but连接并列句，前一个分句含宾语从句，后一个分句含宾语从句。
三、解题步骤
① 通读全句，圈出所有谓语动词。
② 找出连接词，划分从句边界。
③ 去掉修饰成分（定语、状语、插入语），露出主干。
④ 逐层理解从句的意义及其与主句的关系。
⑤ 代入语境，确保理解准确。
四、 示例
原句：The idea that technology can replace teachers, which sounds appealing to some, ignores the fact that education is fundamentally a human interaction.
分析：主干是The idea...ignores the fact。that technology can replace teachers是同位语从句修饰idea；which sounds appealing to some是非限制性定语从句修饰idea；that education is fundamentally a human interaction是同位语从句修饰fact。
题型：共60题，含主干提取、从句类型判断、翻译选择、篇章阅读长难句释义。
专项突破·长难句拆解60题
一、划出句子主干（请用下划线标出每个句子的主语、谓语和宾语/表语）
1. The man who is standing under the tree, wearing a blue coat, is my uncle.
2. What we need most right now, as you can imagine, is a good rest.
3. The fact that he didn't pass the exam, which surprised all of us, made his parents very sad.
4. I will never forget the day when I first met you at the railway station.
5. The reason why he was late, as he explained, was that his car broke down on the way.
6. Although it was raining heavily, the children insisted on playing outside.
7. The book which I borrowed from the library yesterday is very interesting.
8. My mother told me that I should apologize to him for my rude behavior.
9. The question whether we should accept the offer remains to be discussed.
10. When we arrived at the airport, we were told that the flight had been canceled.
11. The news that our team had won the championship spread quickly through the campus.
12. He is the only person in our company who can speak three foreign languages fluently.
13. Whatever you decide to do, I will support you unconditionally.
14. The more you practice, the better your English will become.
15. It is reported that a new bridge will be built across the river next year.
16. I have no idea where he has gone and when he will be back.
17. The teacher suggested that we should read more books, which is very helpful for our writing.
18. Not only did he finish his homework on time, but he also helped his sister with hers.
19. The man whom you saw at the party last night is a famous actor.
20. It was because of his carelessness that the accident happened.
二、判断从句类型（写出画线部分从句的类型）
21. What you need is more patience and practice.
22. The news that he was promoted delighted his family.
23. This is the factory where my father used to work.
24. I wonder if he will come to the party.
25. When we will start the project hasn't been decided yet.
26. He didn't come to school yesterday because he was ill.
27. The man who is talking with our teacher is my uncle.
28. My suggestion is that we should leave immediately.
29. Whether it will rain or not doesn't matter to us.
30. I still remember the day when I first came to this city.
31. The reason why he was absent is unknown.
32. Although it was late, she continued working.
33. The book which I bought yesterday is very interesting.
34. He spoke so fast that I couldn't follow him.
35. The fact that he succeeded surprised everyone.
三、选择正确译文（从A、B、C、D中选择与原句意思最接近的翻译）
36. The idea that we can achieve success without hard work is a complete illusion.
A. 没有努力就能成功的想法完全是个幻觉。 B. 我们可以不努力就成功，这个想法很完美。 C. 成功的想法不需要努力，这是幻觉。 D. 不努力的想法导致成功是幻觉。
37. What surprised me most was not what he said but the way he said it.
A. 最让我吃惊的不是他说的内容，而是他说话的方式。 B. 他说的内容和方式都让我吃惊。 C. 让我吃惊的是他说话的方式而不是内容。 D. 他说的内容和方式都不让我吃惊。
38. The factory, whose products are popular both at home and abroad, was founded in 1990.
A. 这家工厂成立于1990年，其产品在国内外都很受欢迎。 B. 成立于1990年的这家工厂产品在国内外受欢迎。 C. 产品在国内外受欢迎的这家工厂成立于1990年。 D. 以上都对。
39. It is generally believed that a person's mood can be affected by the weather.
A. 一般相信一个人的情绪能受天气影响。 B. 人们普遍认为天气会影响人的情绪。 C. 天气被普遍认为能影响人的情绪。 D. 一个人的情绪受天气影响，这是普遍相信的。
40. The reason why he failed the exam is that he didn't study hard.
A. 他考试不及格的原因是他没有努力学习。 B. 他没有努力学习，所以他考试不及格。 C. 因为他没有努力学习，所以考试不及格。 D. 他考试不及格，原因是他没有努力学习。
41. He had a strange expression on his face, which made me feel uneasy.
A. 他脸上有一种奇怪的表情，这让我感到不安。 B. 他脸上奇怪的表情让我不安。 C. 因为他脸上奇怪的表情，我感到不安。 D. 他脸上有一种让我不安的奇怪表情。
42. Whatever happens, we will stand by your side.
A. 无论发生什么，我们都会站在你身边。 B. 不管发生什么，我们都会支持你。 C. 无论何事发生，我们都会支持你。 D. 以上都对。
43. The news that our team had won the championship excited everyone.
A. 我们队赢得冠军的消息让每个人兴奋。 B. 我们队赢得冠军，这个消息让每个人兴奋。 C. 每个人都因为我们队赢得冠军的消息而兴奋。 D. 以上都对。
44. Not only did he finish the task on time, but he also did it perfectly.
A. 他不仅按时完成了任务，而且完成得很完美。 B. 他不但按时完成任务，还完美地完成了它。 C. 他按时完成且完美地完成了任务。 D. 以上都对。
45. It was in this small town that I spent my happy childhood.
A. 就是在这个小镇上，我度过了快乐的童年。 B. 我快乐的童年是在这个小镇度过的。 C. 这个小镇是我度过快乐童年的地方。 D. 以上都对。
四、篇章阅读长难句释义（阅读下面短文，从每题所给的选项中选出与画线句子意思最接近的选项）
Passage 1
In recent years, the concept of "digital minimalism" has gained traction among tech users. 46. It encourages people to focus on meaningful online activities rather than mindless scrolling. Proponents argue that by reducing screen time, we can improve mental health and productivity. 47. However, critics warn that completely disconnecting from technology might not be realistic in today's interconnected world. They suggest a balanced approach, where we use technology intentionally. 48. This means being aware of how and why we use digital devices, and making conscious choices about our online time.
46. The underlined sentence means that digital minimalism ______.
A. asks people to stop using digital devices B. encourages people to engage in meaningful online activities instead of meaningless browsing C. focuses on reducing screen time by any means D. suggests that online activities are all meaningless
47. The critics' view is that ______.
A. we should completely disconnect from technology B. it's impossible to completely avoid technology in modern society C. technology is harmful and should be avoided D. we should use technology as much as possible
48. The phrase "being aware of how and why we use digital devices" implies ______.
A. we should know the technical details of devices B. we should reflect on our usage patterns and motivations C. we should use devices only when necessary D. we should limit usage to one hour per day
Passage 2
The ancient city of Pingyao, which is located in Shanxi Province, is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. 49. It is one of the best-preserved ancient cities in China, with its original layout and architecture largely intact. Visitors can walk along the old city walls and explore traditional courtyards. 50. What makes Pingyao unique is that it offers a glimpse into Chinese commercial and banking history from the Ming and Qing dynasties. Many of the buildings have been converted into museums, 51. where visitors can learn about the rise of Shanxi merchants and the development of early Chinese banks.
49. The sentence means Pingyao ______.
A. has been completely rebuilt B. has kept its original form well C. is a modern city with ancient walls D. has many new buildings
50. The unique aspect of Pingyao is that ______.
A. it was a commercial center in ancient times B. it shows the history of Chinese commerce and banking C. it has many museums D. it is located in Shanxi
51. The underlined part suggests that visitors ______.
A. can only see the buildings from outside B. can learn about history inside the museums C. can buy things from the merchants D. can open bank accounts
Passage 3
Climate change is one of the most pressing issues of our time. 52. The fact that global temperatures have risen by 1.2°C since pre-industrial times is alarming. Scientists warn that if we fail to reduce carbon emissions, the consequences could be catastrophic. 53. However, what gives us hope is the growing global movement toward renewable energy and sustainable practices. Many countries have pledged to achieve carbon neutrality by mid-century. 54. It is believed that with collective effort, we can still limit warming to 1.5°C and avoid the worst impacts.
52. The underlined sentence expresses ______.
A. concern about the temperature rise B. joy about the temperature rise C. indifference to climate change D. doubt about the data
53. The source of hope mentioned is ______.
A. the rise in temperature B. the global movement for renewables and sustainability C. the failure to reduce emissions D. the catastrophic consequences
54. The sentence means that ______.
A. we can definitely limit warming to 1.5°C B. collective effort might enable us to limit warming to 1.5°C C. it is too late to avoid the worst impacts D. only governments can solve the problem
Passage 4
The Great Wall of China, which stretches over 13,000 miles, is one of the most iconic structures in the world. 55. Originally built as a defense system against invasions, it now serves as a symbol of Chinese civilization and attracts millions of tourists annually. 56. What many visitors don't realize is that the wall is not a single continuous wall but a series of fortifications built by different dynasties. Some sections are well-preserved, while others have fallen into ruin. 57. The fact that it has stood for centuries is a testament to the ingenuity and determination of the ancient Chinese people.
55. The sentence indicates that the wall's function has ______.
A. remained the same B. changed from military to cultural C. become less important D. been forgotten
56. Many visitors don't know that ______.
A. the wall is a single continuous structure B. the wall consists of multiple parts built in different periods C. the wall is only 13,000 miles long D. the wall has no sections
57. The underlined part emphasizes ______.
A. the wall's age B. the wall's beauty C. the wisdom and persistence of ancient builders D. the wall's popularity
Passage 5
Elon Musk, the CEO of SpaceX and Tesla, is known for his ambitious vision of the future. 58. His goal of colonizing Mars, which many consider unrealistic, has sparked both excitement and skepticism. 59. However, his supporters argue that throughout history, many ideas that seemed impossible eventually became reality. 60. Whether or not Musk's Mars project succeeds, it has already inspired a new generation of space enthusiasts and accelerated innovation in aerospace technology.
58. The underlined part suggests that Musk's Mars goal ______.
A. is widely accepted B. causes mixed reactions C. is completely ignored D. has been achieved
59. Supporters believe that ______.
A. impossible ideas never become reality B. history shows that seemingly impossible ideas can come true C. Musk's idea is definitely impossible D. only realistic ideas matter
60. The sentence means that regardless of the outcome, Musk's project ______.
A. has had a positive impact on space interest and technology B. has failed to inspire anyone C. will definitely succeed D. has slowed down innovation
参考答案及解析
一、划出句子主干（答案略，教师可参考解析）
1. The man is my uncle. (who引导定语从句，wearing分词作定语)
2. What we need is a good rest. (主语从句，as you can imagine插入语)
3. The fact made his parents very sad. (that同位语从句，which非限制性定语从句)
4. I will never forget the day. (when引导定语从句)
5. The reason was that his car broke down. (why定语从句，as he explained插入语)
6. the children insisted on playing outside. (Although状语从句)
7. The book is very interesting. (which定语从句)
8. My mother told me that... (宾语从句，主谓宾已含)
9. The question remains to be discussed. (whether同位语从句)
10. we were told that... (When状语从句，主句we were told...)
11. The news spread quickly through the campus. (that同位语从句)
12. He is the only person. (who定语从句)
13. I will support you unconditionally. (Whatever状语从句)
14. your English will become better. (The more...the better...结构)
15. It is reported that... (it形式主语，that主语从句)
16. I have no idea. (where和when引导同位语从句)
17. The teacher suggested that... (宾语从句，which定语从句)
18. he finished his homework on time, he helped his sister. (Not only倒装，but also并列)
19. The man is a famous actor. (whom定语从句)
20. the accident happened. (强调句，去掉It was...that后句子完整)
二、判断从句类型
21. 主语从句 22. 同位语从句 23. 定语从句 24. 宾语从句 25. 主语从句 26. 状语从句 27. 定语从句 28. 表语从句 29. 主语从句 30. 定语从句 31. 定语从句 32. 状语从句 33. 定语从句 34. 状语从句 35. 同位语从句
三、选择正确译文
36. A 37. A 38. D (三个选项都正确，只是语序不同) 39. B 40. A 41. A (B和C也基本正确，但A最贴近原句结构) 42. D 43. D 44. D 45. D
四、篇章阅读长难句释义
46. B 47. B 48. B 49. B 50. B 51. B 52. A 53. B 54. B 55. B 56. B 57. C 58. B 59. B 60. A
教学使用建议： 建议学生先复习三步分析法，然后独立完成练习。对于主干提取题，可让学生口头说出主干；对于从句类型判断题，要能说出判断依据；翻译题鼓励多种表达。篇章阅读部分可结合上下文加深理解。
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