考点5 · 介词与介词短语 中考英语核心考点知识清单及练习（含答案）

中考英语·核心考点
考点5 · 介词与介词短语
介词是中考英语中最活跃的词类之一，常与动词、形容词、名词搭配构成短语，在单项选择、完形填空、语法填空及书面表达中无处不在。近三年真题对时间介词（in/on/at）、地点介词（in/on/at/to/from）、方式介词（by/with/in）、易混介词（besides/except, between/among, across/through等）以及固定搭配（look forward to, be interested in等）考查频率极高。掌握介词用法，是突破完形和写作的关键。
一、时间介词：in, on, at, for, since, during, until等
1. in/on/at：in用于年、月、季节、上午/下午/晚上（in 2024, in May, in summer, in the morning）；on用于具体某一天或某一天的上午/下午/晚上（on Monday, on May 1st, on Sunday morning）；at用于具体时刻及固定搭配（at 7:00, at noon, at night, at the weekend）。
2. for + 时间段（持续动作），since + 时间点（动作起点），during（在…期间），until（直到…为止）。?例：I have lived here for five years. / He has been away since last week. / Please stay here until I come back.
实例：?on?a rainy morning /?at?the age of ten /?in?the 1990s /?for?two hours /?since?8 o’clock
二、地点介词：in, on, at, to, from, between, among, across, through, past, over, under等
1. in/on/at：in表示“在…内部/大地点”；on表示“在…上面（接触面）”；at表示“在…小地点/点”。例：in Beijing, on the table, at the bus stop.
2. above/over/on：above“在上方（不一定垂直）”，over“正上方”，on“接触表面”。below/under类似。
3. across/through/past：across“横穿（表面）”，through“穿过（内部）”，past“经过”。例：walk across the bridge, go through the forest, run past the house.
4. between/among：between“两者之间”，among“三者或以上之间”。
5. in front of / in the front of：前者“在外部的前面”，后者“在内部的前面”。
易混辨析：?He sat?in front of?the car (车外面). / He sat?in the front of?the car (车内部前排). / The river flows?through?the city. / He swam?across?the river.
三、方式/工具介词：by, with, in, on
by表示交通工具（by bus, by plane），不加冠词；with表示用具体工具（write with a pen）；in表示用语言/材料（in English, in ink）；on表示用电子设备（on the phone, on the computer）。
四、其他高频介词及固定搭配
1. besides / except / but：besides“除了…还有（包括）”；except“除了…（不包括）”；but“除了”，常与否定词连用。
2. against, about, of, off, with, without, like, as等。?固定搭配如：be good at, be interested in, look forward to, thanks to, according to, because of, instead of, in spite of, on time, in time, by accident, on purpose等。
中考命题聚焦：2025年各地中考完形填空和语法填空中，介词短语辨析（尤其是动词+介词、形容词+介词）反复出现。建议熟记教材中所有介词短语搭配，并注意同一动词不同介词意义不同（look at/for/after/up）。
专项提升练习（总计115小题+2篇语篇）
题型Ⅰ 单项选择 (共25小题，每小题2分)
1. We usually have a football match ______ Sunday morning.
A. in B. on C. at D. for
2. He has been a teacher ______ 2010.
A. for B. since C. in D. during
3. The boy is sitting ______ his father and mother.
A. among B. between C. in D. of
4. — How do you go to school? — ______ bike.
A. In B. On C. By D. With
5. Please translate the sentence ______ English.
A. in B. into C. to D. by
6. He went ______ the forest and found a small house.
A. across B. through C. over D. past
7. ______ all the students, Tom is the tallest.
A. Among B. Between C. In D. Of
8. I’m looking forward ______ you soon.
A. to see B. to seeing C. seeing D. see
9. He is very good ______ math, but weak ______ English.
A. in; at B. at; in C. at; at D. in; in
10. The plane will take off ______ three hours.
A. in B. after C. for D. since
11. She is interested ______ collecting stamps.
A. at B. on C. in D. with
12. He often helps me ______ my English.
A. with B. for C. of D. to
13. The teacher is writing ______ the blackboard ______ chalk.
A. on; by B. on; with C. in; with D. in; by
14. We all went to the cinema ______ Tom because he was ill.
A. besides B. except C. beside D. including
15. The story happened ______ a cold winter evening.
A. in B. on C. at D. for
16. He succeeded ______ hard work.
A. because B. thanks to C. because of D. as
17. She went to the supermarket ______ some vegetables.
A. to B. for C. at D. on
18. The cat jumped ______ the table and hid under the bed.
A. off B. of C. from D. down
19. He was angry ______ himself for making such a mistake.
A. with B. at C. for D. to
20. The hotel is ______ the corner of Main Street and 5th Avenue.
A. in B. on C. at D. to
21. We should be kind ______ the elderly.
A. for B. to C. with D. at
22. He goes to work ______ foot every day.
A. by B. on C. with D. in
23. The boy was born ______ a warm spring morning.
A. in B. on C. at D. for
24. She is similar ______ her mother in character.
A. to B. with C. as D. like
25. The meeting was put off ______ the bad weather.
A. because B. as C. because of D. since
题型Ⅱ 介词填空 (每空填一个恰当介词，每空1分)
26. I usually get up ______ 6:30 ______ the morning.
27. He has lived in Shanghai ______ 2015.
28. We will have a party ______ the evening of June 1st.
29. The picture is ______ the wall.
30. She is sitting ______ the window.
31. The train goes ______ the tunnel.
32. He went ______ the bridge and turned left.
33. I’m sorry, I took your umbrella ______ mistake.
34. He is interested ______ playing chess.
35. They are waiting ______ the bus stop.
36. He is famous ______ his great inventions.
37. She is very good ______ solving puzzles.
38. We should be proud ______ our country.
39. He was absent ______ school yesterday.
40. Please reply ______ my question as soon as possible.
41. She spends a lot of money ______ clothes.
42. He is different ______ his brother in many ways.
43. The teacher is strict ______ us.
44. I agree ______ you on this point.
45. They are talking ______ the phone.
46. He succeeded ______ passing the exam.
47. She is afraid ______ snakes.
48. The book was written ______ Lu Xun.
49. He is looking ______ his lost keys everywhere.
50. I prefer coffee ______ tea.
51. He is responsible ______ the project.
52. She is worried ______ her exam results.
53. He is known ______ a great scientist.
54. We should care ______ the environment.
55. He is familiar ______ this city.
题型Ⅲ 语法填空 (阅读短文，在空白处填入恰当的介词)
Passage 1
Last summer, I went on a trip?56.______?my parents?57.______?Beijing. We arrived?58.______?the capital?59.______?a hot afternoon. We stayed?60.______?a nice hotel?61.______?the city center. The next morning, we got up?62.______?sunrise and went?63.______?the Great Wall. The guide told us that the wall was built more than 2,000 years ago. We walked?64.______?the wall for two hours.?65.______?the afternoon, we visited the Summer Palace. We took a boat ride?66.______?the lake. It was relaxing. In the evening, we went to a famous restaurant?67.______?Peking duck. The duck was cut?68.______?thin pieces and served?69.______?pancakes. I was very interested?70.______?the local culture. I am looking forward?71.______?visiting Beijing again.
Passage 2
Tom is a middle school student. He is good?72.______?math but weak?73.______?English. He often asks his teacher?74.______?help. His teacher is strict?75.______?him but also very kind. One day, Tom was absent?76.______?school because?77.______?a fever. His classmate Mary went to his house?78.______?the evening and brought him the homework. “Thank you?79.______?your help,” Tom said. “Don’t worry?80.______?the exam. I believe you can catch up,” Mary replied. Tom was very thankful. He decided to work harder. He spent a lot of time?81.______?his English exercises. He also listened?82.______?English songs?83.______?the radio. He succeeded?84.______?improving his English at last. He is now proud?85.______?his progress. He often says, “Success depends?86.______?hard work.”
题型Ⅳ 单句改错 (每题有一处介词错误，找出并改正，共30题)
87. He has been working here since two years.
88. We will have a meeting on Monday morning. (无错)
89. She is interested at collecting stamps.
90. He goes to school by a bike.
91. The cat is sleeping in the sun. (无错)
92. He is good in English.
93. I agree with you on this matter. (无错)
94. She is married with a doctor.
95. He is different of his brother.
96. Please reply my letter soon.
97. He is familiar with this city. (无错)
98. She spends much money for clothes.
99. He is responsible of the project.
100. I’m looking forward to see you.
101. He succeeded to pass the exam.
102. The book was written by Lu Xun. (无错)
103. He is afraid from snakes.
104. We should be proud for our school.
105. She is worried of her health.
106. He is known as a great writer. (无错)
107. The train arrived to the station on time.
108. He is angry at me for being late.
109. She is similar with her mother.
110. I prefer coffee than tea.
111. He is strict to his students.
112. We should care of the elderly.
113. He depends on his parents. (无错)
114. She is good at playing piano. (无错)
115. He is interested on science.
116. He is tired of doing homework. (无错)
参考答案与详细解析
【单项选择】
1. B (具体某一天的上午/下午用on) 2. B (since+时间点) 3. B (两者之间) 4. C (by+交通工具，无冠词) 5. B (translate into翻译成) 6. B (穿过内部) 7. A (三者及以上之间) 8. B (look forward to doing) 9. B (good at, weak in) 10. A (in+时间段，将来时) 11. C (be interested in) 12. A (help sb. with sth.) 13. B (on the blackboard; with chalk) 14. B (except不包括) 15. B (具体某一天的晚上用on) 16. C (because of+名词短语) 17. B (go to...for sth.) 18. A (jump off跳下) 19. A (angry with sb.) 20. B (on the corner在拐角处) 21. B (be kind to sb.) 22. B (on foot) 23. B (具体某一天的早晨用on) 24. A (be similar to) 25. C (because of+名词)
【介词填空】
26. at; in 27. since 28. on 29. on 30. by/near 31. through 32. across 33. by 34. in 35. at 36. for 37. at 38. of 39. from 40. to 41. on 42. from 43. with 44. with 45. on 46. in 47. of 48. by 49. for 50. to 51. for 52. about 53. as 54. about 55. with
【语篇填空】
56. with 57. to 58. in 59. on 60. in 61. in 62. at 63. to 64. on 65. In 66. on 67. for 68. into 69. with 70. in 71. to
72. at 73. in 74. for 75. with 76. from 77. of 78. in 79. for 80. about 81. on 82. to 83. on 84. in 85. of 86. on
【单句改错】
87. since→for (for+时间段) 88. 正确 89. at→in 90. 去掉a (by bike) 91. 正确 92. in→at 93. 正确 94. with→to (married to) 95. of→from 96. reply后加to 97. 正确 98. for→on 99. of→for 100. see→seeing 101. to pass→in passing 102. 正确 103. from→of 104. for→of 105. of→about 106. 正确 107. to→at/in 108. 正确 109. with→to 110. than→to 111. to→with 112. of→for/about 113. 正确 114. 正确 115. on→in 116. 正确