中考英语·核心考点
考点4 · 数词(基数词/序数词/分数/时间/编号)
数词是中考英语的必考点,常出现在单项选择、语法填空、听力理解和阅读理解中。近三年真题对数词的考查集中在:基数词与序数词的转换、分数表达法、年月日时刻表达法、编号表达、数词与主谓一致等。掌握数词规则,能有效避免写作和填空中的低级错误。
一、基数词与序数词
1. 基数词(表示数量): one, two, three... 注意:hundred, thousand, million, billion前有具体数字时用单数(three hundred students),表示模糊数量时加s和of(hundreds of people)。
2. 序数词(表示顺序): first, second, third, fourth... 构成规则:①1-3特殊记忆;②4-19一般在基数词后加-th(注意fifth, eighth, ninth, twelfth);③整十数变y为ie加-th(twentieth, thirtieth);④两位数只变个位(twenty-first)。序数词前通常加the,但已有物主代词或名词所有格时不用the(my first time)。
实例: ① May is the fifth month of the year. ② He lives on the twelfth floor. ③ Two hundred students attended the meeting. ④ There are hundreds of birds in the sky.
二、分数、百分数、小数
1. 分数:分子用基数词,分母用序数词;分子大于1时分母加s。如:1/3 one third, 2/3 two thirds, 1/4 one quarter/a quarter, 3/4 three quarters。分数修饰名词时谓语动词与of后的名词保持一致(Two thirds of the water is clean. / Two thirds of the students are boys.)。
2. 百分数: percent无复数形式,如30 percent of the work has been done. 谓语动词也根据of后的名词确定单复数。
中考真题: About two thirds of the earth’s surface is covered with water. / Seventy percent of the students in our class like sports.
三、时间表达法
① 整点:eight o’clock;② 顺读法:7:20 seven twenty;③ 逆读法:≤30分钟用past(7:20 twenty past seven),>30分钟用to(7:40 twenty to eight),30分钟用half past(half past seven),15分钟用a quarter(a quarter past seven / a quarter to eight)。④ 时刻前用介词at。
年月日表达: 年份用基数词(2024 twenty twenty-four);日期用序数词(May 1st / 1st May, 读作May the first或the first of May);年代:in the 1990s (20世纪90年代)。
四、编号表达及其他
① 编号可用基数词或序数词:Lesson One = the first lesson, Room 205 (读作two zero five), Page 10, Bus No. 3。② 倍数表达:twice, three times等。③ 年龄表达:at the age of ten, a ten-year-old boy, in one’s thirties (在某人三十多岁时)。
中考命题聚焦:2025年多地中考考查了分数与主谓一致、序数词前冠词的使用、时间介词搭配及hundred/thousand的用法。听力中常考时间、日期、电话号码等数字信息。务必通过练习熟练掌握。
专项提升练习
题型Ⅰ 单项选择 (共25小题,每小题2分)
1. December is ______ month of the year.
A. twelve B. the twelve C. the twelfth D. twelfth
2. There are ______ people in the hall. About two ______ people.
A. hundred of; hundred B. hundreds of; hundred
C. hundreds of; hundreds D. hundred of; hundreds
3. He wrote ______ article last week.
A. a two-thousand-word B. a two-thousands-words
C. two-thousands-word D. two-thousand-words
4. ______ of the teachers in our school is 150, and ______ of them are women.
A. The number; three fifth B. A number; three fifths
C. The number; three fifths D. A number; three fifth
5. — What time is it — It’s ______ (7:45).
A. a quarter past seven B. a quarter to seven
C. a quarter to eight D. fifteen past eight
6. He will come back on ______.
A. June two B. the second of June
C. two June D. June second
7. My grandfather is in his ______, but he is still energetic.
A. eighty B. eighties C. eightieth D. eightieths
8. ______ of the land in that area ______ covered with trees.
A. Two fifth; is B. Two fifths; are
C. Two fifth; are D. Two fifths; is
9. He has tried ______, but he still can’t solve the problem.
A. two time B. two times
C. second time D. the second time
10. Please turn to page ______ and look at the ______ picture.
A. fifty; five B. fifty; fifth
C. fiftieth; fifth D. fiftieth; five
11. The film is wonderful. I want to see it ______ time.
A. a second B. the second C. second D. two
12. We live on the ______ floor, and there is a supermarket on the ______ floor.
A. nineth; twenty B. ninth; twentieth
C. nine; twenty D. ninth; twenty
13. ______ of the students in our class ______ girls.
A. Three quarter; is B. Three quarters; are
C. Three quarter; are D. Three quarters; is
14. He arrived at ______ of 9:00.
A. half B. half past C. a half D. half to
15. — How often do you go to the cinema — ______ a week.
A. One B. Once C. Two D. Three time
16. There are ______ students in our school, about 2,000.
A. two thousands B. two thousand of
C. two thousand D. two thousands of
17. The old man began to learn English in his ______.
A. sixty B. sixtieth C. the sixtieth D. sixties
18. We are going to have a meeting at ______ tomorrow morning.
A. half to nine B. half past nine
C. half nine D. nine half
19. ______ of the population in China ______ farmers.
A. Fifty percents; is B. Fifty percent; are
C. Fifty percent; is D. Fifty percents; are
20. This is my ______ visit to Beijing. I have been here twice.
A. three B. third C. the third D. the three
21. He wrote a ______ report last night.
A. two-thousand-words B. two-thousand-word
C. two-thousands-word D. two-thousands-words
22. — What’s the date today — It’s ______.
A. May five B. May the five
C. the fifth of May D. fifth May
23. My sister is a student in ______.
A. class three B. Class three
C. Class Third D. Third Class
24. He has lived here for ______ years, about ten years.
A. couple of B. a couple of C. couple D. the couple
25. The bus will arrive at ______ (8:50).
A. ten to nine B. ten past nine
C. ten to eight D. ten past eight
题型Ⅱ 数词填空 (用括号内所给词的正确形式填空,每空1分)
26. September is the ______ (nine) month of the year.
27. He lives on the ______ (twenty) floor of that building.
28. There are ______ (hundred) of people waiting in line.
29. My birthday is on July ______ (two).
30. About two ______ (three) of the students passed the exam.
31. He will come back on the ______ (three) of November.
32. The old man is in his ______ (seventy), but he looks young.
33. This is my ______ (one) time to travel by plane.
34. I have tried ______ (two), but I need a third try.
35. The Yangtze River is the ______ (three) longest river in the world.
36. We have a class meeting on the ______ (one) floor.
37. He wrote a ______ (five) page report.
38. Please turn to page ______ (ninety) and read the text.
39. The car runs at ______ (eighty) kilometers per hour.
40. Three ______ (four) of the water is polluted.
41. He has been to the Great Wall ______ (two).
42. There are ______ (million) of stars in the sky.
43. My cousin is a ______ (ten) grade student.
44. The film begins at half ______ (pass) seven.
45. It’s a ______ (fifteen) minute walk from here.
46. He got ______ (three) place in the competition.
47. December the ______ (twenty-five) is Christmas Day.
48. The building has ______ (twelve) floors. We live on the ______ (twelve) floor.
49. He spent ______ (hundred) of dollars on clothes.
50. I need to buy ______ (a) second car because this one is broken.
51. The baby is only ______ (eight) months old.
52. Our school was built in the ______ (1990).
53. This is the ______ (two) time I have told you to be quiet.
54. We have ______ (forty) students in our class.
55. He lives in Room ______ (two hundred and eight).
题型Ⅲ 语法填空 (阅读短文,在空白处填入适当的数词或所给词的正确形式)
Passage 1
Last week, our school held the 56.______ (one) cultural festival. It was a great success. About 57.______ (hundred) of students took part in it. The festival started at 58.______ (9:15) in the morning. On the playground, 59.______ (two) of the students performed a play. Then, a group of 60.______ (third) graders sang a song. I was the 61.______ (five) performer. I played the piano for 62.______ (fifteen) minutes. After that, our headmaster gave a speech. He said that 63.______ (three-four) of the activities were organized by the students themselves. The festival ended at 64.______ (4:30) in the afternoon. It was an unforgettable day. I hope to have the 65.______ (two) festival next year.
Passage 2
Tom is 66.______ (12) years old. He lives on the 67.______ (seven) floor of a tall building. Every morning, he gets up at 68.______ (6:45). Then he takes the elevator down to the ground floor. His school is about 69.______ (two) kilometers away. He usually goes to school by bike. It takes him about 70.______ (twenty) minutes. Last Sunday was his father’s 71.______ (forty) birthday. Tom wanted to buy a present. He had saved 72.______ (hundred) of yuan. He went to a shop and bought a tie. The tie cost him 73.______ (80) yuan. Then he bought a cake. The cake was 74.______ (three) pounds. In the evening, the family had a party. About 75.______ (two-three) of the relatives came. Tom’s father was very happy. He said it was the 76.______ (one) time he had received such a nice gift from Tom. At 77.______ (10:15), the party ended. Tom was tired but joyful. He thought that 78.______ (hundred) of happy moments make life wonderful. Next year, he plans to save 79.______ (a) second gift for his mother’s 80.______ (forty-one) birthday.
题型Ⅳ 单句改错 (每题有一处数词错误,找出并改正,共30题)
81. There are two hundreds students in the hall.
82. He lives on the nineth floor.
83. Two third of the homework is easy.
84. He will come back at May 5th.
85. The old man is in his eighty.
86. I have tried two times, but I will try a third time. (无错,但需判断)
87. He is a fifteen-year-old boy. (无错)
88. About three quarter of the land is desert.
89. He was born in 1990s.
90. He is the first student to come to school. (无错)
91. We will have a meeting on the two of May.
92. It’s a quarter to nine. (8:45) (无错)
93. My brother is in Class Two Grade One.
94. He has a two-months-old baby.
95. I have four hundreds books.
96. December is the twelveth month.
97. He arrived at half past six. (无错)
98. Fifty percent of the work are done.
99. He is a eighty-year-old man.
100. The river is two thousand kilometers long. (无错)
101. He got the first place in the race. (无错)
102. I need two thousands dollars.
103. Three fifths of the students is girls.
104. He will be back in a day or two. (无错)
105. The meeting will begin at half to eight.
106. He wrote a two-thousands-word report.
107. My birthday is on June the thirty-one.
108. He is in his early thirty.
109. There are hundreds of people. (无错)
110. He lives in Room three zero two.
参考答案与详细解析
【单项选择】
1. C (序数词前加the) 2. B (hundreds of; two hundred) 3. A (复合形容词用单数) 4. C (the number of ...数量; three fifths) 5. C 6. B 7. B (in one’s eighties) 8. D (two fifths; land不可数谓语is) 9. B (two times两次) 10. B (page fifty; fifth picture) 11. A (a second time又一次) 12. B 13. B 14. B 15. B 16. C 17. D 18. B 19. B (percent无复数,population整体用单数但表示人民时谓语可用are) 20. B 21. B 22. C 23. B (Class Three) 24. B 25. A
注:第19题常见考点,percent作主语时谓语动词与of后的名词一致,the population可看作整体用单数,但此处强调农民,也可用are,根据常见考题选B。
【数词填空】
26. ninth 27. twentieth 28. hundreds 29. second 30. thirds 31. third 32. seventies 33. first 34. twice 35. third 36. first 37. five-page 38. ninety 39. eighty 40. quarters 41. twice 42. millions 43. tenth 44. past 45. fifteen 46. third 47. twenty-fifth 48. twelve; twelfth 49. hundreds 50. a 51. eight 52. 1990s 53. second 54. forty 55. 208
【语篇填空】
56. first 57. hundreds 58. a quarter past nine / nine fifteen 59. two 60. third 61. fifth 62. fifteen 63. three quarters 64. half past four / four thirty 65. second
66. twelve 67. seventh 68. a quarter to seven / six forty-five 69. two 70. twenty 71. fortieth 72. hundreds 73. eighty 74. three 75. two thirds 76. first 77. a quarter past ten / ten fifteen 78. hundreds 79. a 80. forty-first
【单句改错】
81. hundreds→hundred 82. nineth→ninth 83. third→thirds 84. at→on 85. eighty→eighties 86. 正确 87. 正确 88. quarter→quarters 89. in 1990s→in the 1990s 90. 正确 91. two→second 92. 正确 93. Class Two Grade One→Class Two, Grade One (通常写法) 94. two-months-old→two-month-old 95. hundreds→hundred 96. twelveth→twelfth 97. 正确 98. are→is (work不可数) 99. a→an 100. 正确 101. 正确 102. thousands→thousand 103. is→are 104. 正确 105. half to eight→half past seven 或表达错误,改为half past eight 原句half to eight错误,可改为half past seven或具体,根据常见改为half past seven 106. two-thousands-word→two-thousand-word 107. thirty-one→thirty-first 108. thirty→thirties 109. 正确 110. three zero two→302 (可读作three zero two,但通常写作Room 302,无错但可保留)
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