中考英语一轮话题复习 专项考点（一）个人情况（含答案）
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| 名称 | 中考英语一轮话题复习 专项考点（一）个人情况（含答案） |
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| 更新时间 | 2026-04-07 00:00:00 | ||
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中考英语一轮话题复习·专项考点（一）个人情况
备考锦囊： “个人情况”是中考书面表达、听力及完形填空的基础话题，常结合自我介绍、他人介绍、交友等情境考查。2026年中考趋势更强调真实语境与核心素养，复习时需熟练运用一般现在时、be动词、人称代词及爱好表达。本专项涵盖核心知识+分层精练，助力攻克考点！
一、核心知识梳理（必背清单）
1. 话题核心词汇及短语
基本信息： name (姓名), age (年龄), birthday (生日), birthplace (出生地), address (地址), phone number (电话号码), ID number, nationality (国籍), grade/class (年级/班级).
外貌与性格： tall/short/medium height, fat/thin, long/short hair, glasses; outgoing (外向的), quiet (安静的), friendly, hard-working, kind, shy, brave, humorous.
爱好与特长： hobby, reading, drawing, playing basketball, singing, dancing, collecting stamps, playing chess, swimming.
短语搭配： be good at / do well in, be interested in, be fond of, spend time on, in one's free time, look like, come from / be from.
2. 核心句型与交际用语
询问与介绍姓名： —What’s your name —My name is Li Ming. / I’m Li Ming.
询问年龄： —How old are you —I’m fifteen years old.
询问职业/身份： —What do you do / What’s your job —I’m a student.
询问来自哪里： —Where are you from / Where do you come from —I’m from China.
描述外貌性格： —What does he look like —He is tall and wears glasses. / She is outgoing and friendly.
谈论爱好： —What’s your hobby —I enjoy listening to music. / I like playing football.
介绍家庭信息： —How many people are there in your family —There are four.
3. 语法聚焦——一般现在时与主谓一致（个人情况基石）
be动词（am/is/are） 用法口诀：我用am，你用are，is连着他/她/它，单数主语用is，复数主语全用are。
实义动词（like, have, look等） 在一般现在时中，主语为第三人称单数（he/she/it/人名）时，动词后加-s/-es。例：She likes reading. My father plays basketball every Sunday.
否定句/疑问句结构： 借助助动词do/does，如：He doesn’t like apples. Does she have a brother
频度副词： always, usually, often, sometimes, never 常用于描述日常习惯与状态。
代词复习： 形容词性物主代词(my/your/his/her/our/their) + 名词；名词性物主代词(mine/yours/hers/ours/theirs)单独使用。
4. 写作模板 · 自我介绍类
【开头】Hello, everyone! Let me introduce myself.
【基本信息】My name is ... I am ... years old. I’m from ... I’m a student in Grade 9.
【外貌性格】I am of medium height and have short black hair. I’m outgoing and helpful.
【爱好】In my free time, I like playing the guitar and reading novels.
【梦想/愿望】I want to be a teacher in the future because I love sharing knowledge.
【结尾】That’s all about me. Nice to meet you!
易错点警示： ① “I am a 15-year-old boy.” 中year不用复数；② like后接动词ing形式：like swimming而非like swim；③ 介绍他人年龄：He is twelve years old. 不可遗漏“years”。④ 区分“a little / little / a few / few”，修饰名词时注意可数不可数。
二、专项考点·精巧练习
题型设计：单项选择、完形填空、阅读理解、词汇运用、句型转换及书面表达，完全对标中考难度。请认真审题，注意人称时态。
题型一：单项选择（共10小题，每小题2分）
从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案。
1. —______ are you —I’m thirteen years old.
A. How many B. How old C. How much D. How often
2. My brother ______ a new bicycle, and he ______ it to school every day.
A. have; ride B. has; rides C. have; rides D. has; ride
3. —What does your best friend look like —______ tall and ______ long hair.
A. He’s; has B. He’s; have C. He; with D. He is; is
4. Lisa enjoys ______ in the river in summer.
A. swim B. to swim C. swimming D. swims
5. This is my sister. ______ name is Lucy. ______ is a nurse.
A. She; Her B. Her; She C. Hers; She D. She; Hers
6. —Where ______ your grandparents ______ —They come from Sichuan.
A. is; from B. are; from C. do; from D. does; come
7. My cousin is very ______. He is always the first to help others.
A. shy B. lazy C. helpful D. quiet
8. —______ you free this Sunday —Yes, I ______. Let’s go hiking.
A. Do; do B. Are; am C. Is; am D. Are; are
9. Both my father and mother ______ teachers. They ______ in the same school.
A. is; work B. are; works C. is; works D. are; work
10. —Hi, I’m Tom. —Nice to meet you. My name ______ Li Hua. I ______ from Beijing.
A. is; come B. am; comes C. are; come D. is; coming
题型二：完形填空（共8空，每空1.5分）
阅读下面短文，从各题所给的选项中选出最佳答案，使短文完整通顺。
Hello! My name is David Brown. I’m ___11___ 14-year-old boy. I live in Shanghai with my parents. I have a happy family. My father is a doctor and my mother is an art teacher. I ___12___ a younger sister. Her name is Amy, and she is only 6 years old. She is very cute and ___13___.
At school, I like English and P.E. best. I think English is useful and interesting. My dream is to be a tour guide ___14___ I can travel around the world. I also like playing soccer. I ___15___ soccer with my friends every Friday afternoon.
I am not tall but I am very strong. I have short curly hair and wear glasses. My friends say I am friendly and ___16___. In my free time, I enjoy ___17___ science books and watching movies.
Next month, we will have a school sports meet. I will take part in the 800-meter race. I hope I can ___18___ the first prize. That’s me, a sunny and active boy!
11. A. a B. an C. the D. /
12. A. have B. has C. am D. there is
13. A. lovely B. lazy C. scary D. boring
14. A. but B. so C. because D. if
15. A. play B. plays C. playing D. to play
16. A. helpful B. helpless C. happily D. sad
17. A. read B. to read C. reading D. reads
18. A. beat B. win C. lose D. make
题型三：阅读理解（共5小题，每小题2分）
My name is Cindy Green. I am 15 years old. I am from London, the UK, but now I live in Beijing with my parents because my father works here. I study in an international school. I can speak English and a little Chinese. My favorite subject is science. I like doing experiments. I am quite outgoing and I have many Chinese friends. In my spare time, I like playing badminton and watching documentaries.
My friend Li Wei is a Chinese boy. He is 15, too. He is tall and thin with big eyes. He is very kind and always ready to help. Li Wei is crazy about basketball. He plays it almost every day. He dreams of being a professional basketball player. He also likes playing the piano. He can play beautiful music. We often study together after school. He helps me with my Chinese, and I teach him English. We are good friends.
根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。
19. Where is Cindy from originally
A. China B. The UK C. The USA D. Australia
20. What subject does Cindy like best
A. English B. Chinese C. Science D. P.E.
21. What does Li Wei look like
A. Short and heavy B. Tall and thin with big eyes C. Medium height with glasses D. Short curly hair
22. What is Li Wei’s dream
A. To be a scientist B. To be a pianist C. To be a basketball player D. To be a teacher
23. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A. Cindy can’t speak Chinese at all. B. Li Wei is not interested in music.
C. Cindy and Li Wei help each other with languages. D. Cindy lives in London now.
题型四：词汇运用（共8小题，每小题1.5分）
用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空，使句子完整、通顺。
24. My sister __________ (have) long blonde hair. She is very pretty.
25. Tony often __________ (go) to the library on weekends to read storybooks.
26. They __________ (be) both from Canada, but now they live in Shanghai.
27. Cindy’s hobby is __________ (collect) stamps. She has over 100 stamps from different countries.
28. My best friend, Jack, is __________ (friend) and humorous. We all like him.
29. —__________ (who) notebook is this —It’s __________ (I). I left it here yesterday.
30. She wants to be a singer when she __________ (grow) up.
31. Please be quiet. My little brother __________ (do) his homework in the room.
题型五：句型转换（共5小题，每小题2分）
32. My mother works in a hospital. (改为一般疑问句)
__________________________________________________
33. He has short black hair and wears glasses. (对划线部分提问， __________________________________________________
34. Lucy likes dancing and singing. (改为否定句)
__________________________________________________
35. I am 14 years old. (用he替换I改写句子)
__________________________________________________
36. Tom’s favorite hobby is playing chess. (保持句意基本不变)
Tom ______ playing chess ______.
题型六：书面表达（满分15分）
假设你是李华，最近你在英语课上认识了一位新笔友Peter，他来信想了解你的个人情况。请根据以下提示写一封回信，介绍自己。
内容要点：1. 姓名、年龄、学校及年级；2. 外貌、性格特点；3. 兴趣爱好及喜欢的科目；4. 未来的梦想或愿望。
要求：1. 词数70~90词，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数；2. 内容完整，语言流畅，可适当发挥。
参考词汇：outgoing, be fond of, dream, in the future
Dear Peter,
I’m glad to hear from you. Now let me introduce myself. _________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
What about you I’m looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
参考答案及解析
单项选择答案：
1. B (询问年龄用How old)
2. B (brother三单，has；rides三单)
3. A (问外貌回答He is tall and has long hair. 系表+has动词)
4. C (enjoy doing sth.)
5. B (her name她的名字；She作主语)
6. B (be from 询问来自哪里，主语grandparents复数用are)
7. C (乐于助人的helpful符合句意)
8. B (be free 询问是否有空，答语用I am)
9. D (both...and连接复数主语，are；work原形)
10. A (My name is...; I come from = am from, 但句中空前有I，故用come)
完形填空答案：
11. A (a 14-year-old boy) 12. A (I have) 13. A (可爱的) 14. C (because引导原因) 15. A (play every Friday 一般现在时) 16. A (友善助人的) 17. C (enjoy doing) 18. B (win the first prize赢得一等奖)
阅读理解答案：
19. B (原文from London, the UK) 20. C (favorite subject is science) 21. B (tall and thin with big eyes) 22. C (dreams of being a professional basketball player) 23. C (互相帮助学习语言，文中明确He helps me with my Chinese, and I teach him English.)
词汇运用答案：
24. has 25. goes 26. are 27. collecting 28. friendly 29. Whose; mine 30. grows 31. is doing (注意语境：此刻正在做作业，用现在进行时)
句型转换答案：
32. Does your mother work in a hospital
33. What does he look like
34. Lucy doesn’t like dancing or singing. / Lucy doesn’t like dancing or singing.
35. He is 14 years old.
36. Tom likes playing chess best. / Tom enjoys playing chess most.
书面表达参考范文：
Dear Peter,
I’m glad to hear from you. Now let me introduce myself. My name is Li Hua. I’m 15 years old. I study in No.1 Middle School, Grade 9. I am of medium height and have short straight hair. I’m outgoing and friendly, so I have many friends. I am fond of playing basketball and reading novels. My favorite subject is English because it’s fun. In the future, I dream of being a journalist to tell true stories. What about you I’m looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
(评分建议：涵盖所有要点，语法正确，表达流畅可得13-15分)
2/2
备考锦囊： “个人情况”是中考书面表达、听力及完形填空的基础话题，常结合自我介绍、他人介绍、交友等情境考查。2026年中考趋势更强调真实语境与核心素养，复习时需熟练运用一般现在时、be动词、人称代词及爱好表达。本专项涵盖核心知识+分层精练，助力攻克考点！
一、核心知识梳理（必背清单）
1. 话题核心词汇及短语
基本信息： name (姓名), age (年龄), birthday (生日), birthplace (出生地), address (地址), phone number (电话号码), ID number, nationality (国籍), grade/class (年级/班级).
外貌与性格： tall/short/medium height, fat/thin, long/short hair, glasses; outgoing (外向的), quiet (安静的), friendly, hard-working, kind, shy, brave, humorous.
爱好与特长： hobby, reading, drawing, playing basketball, singing, dancing, collecting stamps, playing chess, swimming.
短语搭配： be good at / do well in, be interested in, be fond of, spend time on, in one's free time, look like, come from / be from.
2. 核心句型与交际用语
询问与介绍姓名： —What’s your name —My name is Li Ming. / I’m Li Ming.
询问年龄： —How old are you —I’m fifteen years old.
询问职业/身份： —What do you do / What’s your job —I’m a student.
询问来自哪里： —Where are you from / Where do you come from —I’m from China.
描述外貌性格： —What does he look like —He is tall and wears glasses. / She is outgoing and friendly.
谈论爱好： —What’s your hobby —I enjoy listening to music. / I like playing football.
介绍家庭信息： —How many people are there in your family —There are four.
3. 语法聚焦——一般现在时与主谓一致（个人情况基石）
be动词（am/is/are） 用法口诀：我用am，你用are，is连着他/她/它，单数主语用is，复数主语全用are。
实义动词（like, have, look等） 在一般现在时中，主语为第三人称单数（he/she/it/人名）时，动词后加-s/-es。例：She likes reading. My father plays basketball every Sunday.
否定句/疑问句结构： 借助助动词do/does，如：He doesn’t like apples. Does she have a brother
频度副词： always, usually, often, sometimes, never 常用于描述日常习惯与状态。
代词复习： 形容词性物主代词(my/your/his/her/our/their) + 名词；名词性物主代词(mine/yours/hers/ours/theirs)单独使用。
4. 写作模板 · 自我介绍类
【开头】Hello, everyone! Let me introduce myself.
【基本信息】My name is ... I am ... years old. I’m from ... I’m a student in Grade 9.
【外貌性格】I am of medium height and have short black hair. I’m outgoing and helpful.
【爱好】In my free time, I like playing the guitar and reading novels.
【梦想/愿望】I want to be a teacher in the future because I love sharing knowledge.
【结尾】That’s all about me. Nice to meet you!
易错点警示： ① “I am a 15-year-old boy.” 中year不用复数；② like后接动词ing形式：like swimming而非like swim；③ 介绍他人年龄：He is twelve years old. 不可遗漏“years”。④ 区分“a little / little / a few / few”，修饰名词时注意可数不可数。
二、专项考点·精巧练习
题型设计：单项选择、完形填空、阅读理解、词汇运用、句型转换及书面表达，完全对标中考难度。请认真审题，注意人称时态。
题型一：单项选择（共10小题，每小题2分）
从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案。
1. —______ are you —I’m thirteen years old.
A. How many B. How old C. How much D. How often
2. My brother ______ a new bicycle, and he ______ it to school every day.
A. have; ride B. has; rides C. have; rides D. has; ride
3. —What does your best friend look like —______ tall and ______ long hair.
A. He’s; has B. He’s; have C. He; with D. He is; is
4. Lisa enjoys ______ in the river in summer.
A. swim B. to swim C. swimming D. swims
5. This is my sister. ______ name is Lucy. ______ is a nurse.
A. She; Her B. Her; She C. Hers; She D. She; Hers
6. —Where ______ your grandparents ______ —They come from Sichuan.
A. is; from B. are; from C. do; from D. does; come
7. My cousin is very ______. He is always the first to help others.
A. shy B. lazy C. helpful D. quiet
8. —______ you free this Sunday —Yes, I ______. Let’s go hiking.
A. Do; do B. Are; am C. Is; am D. Are; are
9. Both my father and mother ______ teachers. They ______ in the same school.
A. is; work B. are; works C. is; works D. are; work
10. —Hi, I’m Tom. —Nice to meet you. My name ______ Li Hua. I ______ from Beijing.
A. is; come B. am; comes C. are; come D. is; coming
题型二：完形填空（共8空，每空1.5分）
阅读下面短文，从各题所给的选项中选出最佳答案，使短文完整通顺。
Hello! My name is David Brown. I’m ___11___ 14-year-old boy. I live in Shanghai with my parents. I have a happy family. My father is a doctor and my mother is an art teacher. I ___12___ a younger sister. Her name is Amy, and she is only 6 years old. She is very cute and ___13___.
At school, I like English and P.E. best. I think English is useful and interesting. My dream is to be a tour guide ___14___ I can travel around the world. I also like playing soccer. I ___15___ soccer with my friends every Friday afternoon.
I am not tall but I am very strong. I have short curly hair and wear glasses. My friends say I am friendly and ___16___. In my free time, I enjoy ___17___ science books and watching movies.
Next month, we will have a school sports meet. I will take part in the 800-meter race. I hope I can ___18___ the first prize. That’s me, a sunny and active boy!
11. A. a B. an C. the D. /
12. A. have B. has C. am D. there is
13. A. lovely B. lazy C. scary D. boring
14. A. but B. so C. because D. if
15. A. play B. plays C. playing D. to play
16. A. helpful B. helpless C. happily D. sad
17. A. read B. to read C. reading D. reads
18. A. beat B. win C. lose D. make
题型三：阅读理解（共5小题，每小题2分）
My name is Cindy Green. I am 15 years old. I am from London, the UK, but now I live in Beijing with my parents because my father works here. I study in an international school. I can speak English and a little Chinese. My favorite subject is science. I like doing experiments. I am quite outgoing and I have many Chinese friends. In my spare time, I like playing badminton and watching documentaries.
My friend Li Wei is a Chinese boy. He is 15, too. He is tall and thin with big eyes. He is very kind and always ready to help. Li Wei is crazy about basketball. He plays it almost every day. He dreams of being a professional basketball player. He also likes playing the piano. He can play beautiful music. We often study together after school. He helps me with my Chinese, and I teach him English. We are good friends.
根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。
19. Where is Cindy from originally
A. China B. The UK C. The USA D. Australia
20. What subject does Cindy like best
A. English B. Chinese C. Science D. P.E.
21. What does Li Wei look like
A. Short and heavy B. Tall and thin with big eyes C. Medium height with glasses D. Short curly hair
22. What is Li Wei’s dream
A. To be a scientist B. To be a pianist C. To be a basketball player D. To be a teacher
23. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A. Cindy can’t speak Chinese at all. B. Li Wei is not interested in music.
C. Cindy and Li Wei help each other with languages. D. Cindy lives in London now.
题型四：词汇运用（共8小题，每小题1.5分）
用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空，使句子完整、通顺。
24. My sister __________ (have) long blonde hair. She is very pretty.
25. Tony often __________ (go) to the library on weekends to read storybooks.
26. They __________ (be) both from Canada, but now they live in Shanghai.
27. Cindy’s hobby is __________ (collect) stamps. She has over 100 stamps from different countries.
28. My best friend, Jack, is __________ (friend) and humorous. We all like him.
29. —__________ (who) notebook is this —It’s __________ (I). I left it here yesterday.
30. She wants to be a singer when she __________ (grow) up.
31. Please be quiet. My little brother __________ (do) his homework in the room.
题型五：句型转换（共5小题，每小题2分）
32. My mother works in a hospital. (改为一般疑问句)
__________________________________________________
33. He has short black hair and wears glasses. (对划线部分提问， __________________________________________________
34. Lucy likes dancing and singing. (改为否定句)
__________________________________________________
35. I am 14 years old. (用he替换I改写句子)
__________________________________________________
36. Tom’s favorite hobby is playing chess. (保持句意基本不变)
Tom ______ playing chess ______.
题型六：书面表达（满分15分）
假设你是李华，最近你在英语课上认识了一位新笔友Peter，他来信想了解你的个人情况。请根据以下提示写一封回信，介绍自己。
内容要点：1. 姓名、年龄、学校及年级；2. 外貌、性格特点；3. 兴趣爱好及喜欢的科目；4. 未来的梦想或愿望。
要求：1. 词数70~90词，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数；2. 内容完整，语言流畅，可适当发挥。
参考词汇：outgoing, be fond of, dream, in the future
Dear Peter,
I’m glad to hear from you. Now let me introduce myself. _________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
What about you I’m looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
参考答案及解析
单项选择答案：
1. B (询问年龄用How old)
2. B (brother三单，has；rides三单)
3. A (问外貌回答He is tall and has long hair. 系表+has动词)
4. C (enjoy doing sth.)
5. B (her name她的名字；She作主语)
6. B (be from 询问来自哪里，主语grandparents复数用are)
7. C (乐于助人的helpful符合句意)
8. B (be free 询问是否有空，答语用I am)
9. D (both...and连接复数主语，are；work原形)
10. A (My name is...; I come from = am from, 但句中空前有I，故用come)
完形填空答案：
11. A (a 14-year-old boy) 12. A (I have) 13. A (可爱的) 14. C (because引导原因) 15. A (play every Friday 一般现在时) 16. A (友善助人的) 17. C (enjoy doing) 18. B (win the first prize赢得一等奖)
阅读理解答案：
19. B (原文from London, the UK) 20. C (favorite subject is science) 21. B (tall and thin with big eyes) 22. C (dreams of being a professional basketball player) 23. C (互相帮助学习语言，文中明确He helps me with my Chinese, and I teach him English.)
词汇运用答案：
24. has 25. goes 26. are 27. collecting 28. friendly 29. Whose; mine 30. grows 31. is doing (注意语境：此刻正在做作业，用现在进行时)
句型转换答案：
32. Does your mother work in a hospital
33. What does he look like
34. Lucy doesn’t like dancing or singing. / Lucy doesn’t like dancing or singing.
35. He is 14 years old.
36. Tom likes playing chess best. / Tom enjoys playing chess most.
书面表达参考范文：
Dear Peter,
I’m glad to hear from you. Now let me introduce myself. My name is Li Hua. I’m 15 years old. I study in No.1 Middle School, Grade 9. I am of medium height and have short straight hair. I’m outgoing and friendly, so I have many friends. I am fond of playing basketball and reading novels. My favorite subject is English because it’s fun. In the future, I dream of being a journalist to tell true stories. What about you I’m looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
(评分建议：涵盖所有要点，语法正确，表达流畅可得13-15分)
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