【期中考点培优】专题02 语法选择-2025-2026学年八年级下册英语期中复习考点培优仁爱科普版（新教材）（含答案解析）
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| 名称 | 【期中考点培优】专题02 语法选择-2025-2026学年八年级下册英语期中复习考点培优仁爱科普版（新教材）（含答案解析） |
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| 文件大小 | 274.5KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 试卷 | ||
| 版本资源 | 仁爱科普版 | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2026-04-08 00:00:00 | ||
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/ 让学习更有效 期中备考培优 | 英语学科
/ 让学习更有效 期中备考培优 | 英语学科
2025-2026学年八年级下册英语期中复习考点培优仁爱科普版
（新教材）专题02 语法选择
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
Yuan Longping, the Father of Hybrid Rice, was born in Beijing in 1930. 1 he graduated from college in 1953, he began to work as a teacher in a rural middle school. There he saw many people go hungry and he made up his mind to study rice growing. He worked 2 day and night to develop hybrid rice.
In 1973, Yuan Longping and his team developed hybrid rice 3 countless difficulties. From then on, he threw 4 into the research of improving rice production. The Chinese people 5 always proud of his great work. It has helped millions of people around the world out of hunger.
He passed away in 2021 at 6 age of 91. But his spirit of hard work and kindness still 7 young people in China and all over the world. Yuan Longping once said, “My dream is to make rice plants as tall as sorghum, and rice grains as big as peanuts.” His love for the people was deep in his heart. Someone said he could become much richer if he sold his rice technology, but he 8 and said, “I just want to help more people have enough to eat.”
He spent his whole life on the farmland, and his 9 is the greatest gift to the world. We can learn a lot from him and make 10 efforts to make our country better.
1．A．After B．Before C．Until
2．A．hardly B．hard C．harder
3．A．through B．across C．past
4．A．him B．his C．himself
5．A．is B．are C．am
6．A．the B．a C．an
7．A．encourage B．encouraged C．encourages
8．A．laughed B．laughing C．to laugh
9．A．succeed B．success C．successful
10．A．much B．some C．more
D．
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
To be a better learner, you need good methods and habits. First, having a 11 study plan is helpful. Second, 12 you use your phone, remember it’s a tool. Don’t let it distract you 13 your work is done. Third, try some 14 apps. They make learning fun. 15 you study, take short breaks. For example, 16 you finish 25 minutes of work, rest for 5 minutes. This is called the Pomodoro Technique. 17 you are taking a break, you can stretch or walk around. But remember, go back to study 18 the break is over. Finally, be patient. You may not see progress immediately, but keep trying 19 you succeed. Learning is a 20 part of life. Enjoy it!
11．A．person B．personal C．personality
12．A．when B．while C．until
13．A．when B．before C．after
14．A．education B．educational C．educator
15．A．After B．While C．Before
16．A．as soon as B．after C．until
17．A．When B．While C．Before
18．A．as soon as B．before C．after
19．A．when B．if C．until
20．A．nature B．natural C．naturally
Every country has its own culture. People in the UK, especially British people, don’t like to say “no” because they think it is rude. But this can be 21 problem for people from other countries. When you don’t agree with someone or something, you learn 22 “no” in English. 23 real life is not always so easy. It’s 24 than you think.
Mark 25 in a tourist shop for 10 years. “British people are the most difficult customers. I have never seen a British person say ‘no’,” said Mark. “If you ask ‘What 26 I do for you ’, they will say ‘Maybe later’, even when they never plan to buy it.” “And when you offer something to 27 , they often say ‘I’m all right, thanks.’ When they say this, they mean that they already get 28 , so it is a way to say ‘no’. Unluckily, ‘all right’ also means ‘yes’. They just use the same words 29 different ways to mean both ‘yes’ and ‘no’!” Mark added.
“However, sometimes it 30 also difficult for British people to say ‘yes’,” said Mark, “When they want to buy something, they don’t say ‘yes’. They say, ‘Sure.’ or ‘Why not ’ It’s so confusing (令人困惑的)!”
21．A．a B．/ C．the D．an
22．A．say B．to say C．saying D．said
23．A．And B．Because C．But D．Or
24．A．easy B．easier C．difficult D．more difficult
25．A．has worked B．worked C．works D．will work
26．A．can’t B．mustn’t C．can D．must
27．A．theirs B．their C．they D．them
28．A．what they want B．what do they want
C．how they want D．how do they want
29．A．at B．on C．of D．in
30．A．were B．are C．is D．was
Qian Xuesen, the father of China’s missiles (导弹), was born in Hangzhou City on December 11th, 1911. 31 he left Shanghai Jiao Tong University in 1934, he went for further study in the United States. There he studied very 32 and at last he became a teacher as well as a researcher in rocket and missile theory (原理).
In 1955, Qian Xuesen returned to China 33 a lot of difficulties. From then on, he threw 34 in developing China’s missile, rocket and spaceship research program. The Chinese people 35 proud of him.
He passed away on October 31st, 2009 at 36 age of 98. But his spirit still 37 Chinese youth today.
Qian Xuesen’s love for his country was expressed in his saying, “My career (事业) is in China, my 38 is in China and my destination (目的地) is in China!” Someone said he could make 39 more money if he stayed in the United States. When he heard that, he 40 and said, “My family name is Qian, but I don’t like qian.”
31．A．Before B．After C．Until
32．A．hard B．harder C．hardly
33．A．past B．across C．through
34．A．him B．his C．himself
35．A．are B．is C．am
36．A．a B．an C．the
37．A．encourage B．encourages C．encouraged
38．A．success B．succeed C．successful
39．A．some B．much C．many
40．A．laughed B．laughing C．to laugh
根据短文内容，从A、B、C三个选项中选出一个语法正确的答案，并把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
I have been learning English since I was 10 years old. I think it was difficult for me. My teacher asked us to copy new words 10 times. It was really 41 bad dream for me. I hated 42 new words and grammar rules. Gradually, learning English became something I disliked. When I was 16 years old, my parents 43 me an iPad. From then on, it became 44 best helper. I could learn English 45 I wanted—on my way home or on the subway. I didn’t fall in love with the language 46 I learnt a lot of interesting words and expressions about it.
At first, I thought the only reason why people learned English was that they wanted to communicate with each other. I didn’t realize the language 47 was the best way to create a strong connection between me and the knowledge of the world. After that, I paid more attention to the language.
Then, I can see a huge improvement in my English skills. The more carefully I study English, the 48 I will be. Thanks to English, I 49 much more about the world around me in recent years. I know there is a long way to go before I can be an excellent English learner, but I will never forget 50 practicing.
41．A．a B．an C．the
42．A．memorize B．memorizes C．memorizing
43．A．buy B．buys C．bought
44．A．me B．my C．mine
45．A．whenever B．whatever C．wherever
46．A．until B．if C．after
47．A．itself B．myself C．themselves
48．A．good B．better C．best
49．A．learn B．learnt C．have learnt
50．A．keep B．to keep C．keeping
The 500-yuan Challenge
Jason really wanted a new guitar. However, when he checked the price tag, his heart sank. It cost 500 yuan, which was a lot of money for a middle school student. His father refused to just hand him the cash. Instead, he suggested Jason learn to manage his finances.
Jason decided to make a plan. He realized that saving money was harder than 51 it. He started by writing down everything 52 he bought. He was surprised to find that he spent too much money on snacks and video games. “If I stop buying these things,” he thought, “I 53 enough money in three months.”
The first week was difficult. When his friends went to the bubble tea shop, Jason hesitated. He wanted to join them, but he remembered his goal. He chose to drink water instead. Sticking to his budget became a habit. He also 54 a way to earn extra money by helping his neighbors walk their dogs.
Time flew by. Three months later, Jason opened his piggy bank. He counted the coins and notes carefully. He had saved 550 yuan! He not only bought the guitar but also 55 a music book. He felt proud because the guitar belonged to him in a special way. He learned that buying things with the money you earn 56 better than spending your parents’ money.
Now, Jason tells his friends how to save money effectively. He knows that 57 you have a clear goal, saving money can become easier. Money is just a tool, and you are the master 58 controls it. It is never too early 59 financial skills. This experience is a treasure 60 can not be bought.
51．A．to spend B．spent C．spending
52．A．what B．that C．which
53．A．have B．will have C．had
54．A．founds B．founded C．found
55．A．buy B．buys C．bought
56．A．feel B．feels C．felt
57．A．unless B．although C．if
58．A．who B．which C．whom
59．A．learn B．learning C．to learn
60．A．who B．that C．what
Money Management for Teens
It’s important for teenagers to learn about money management. First, make a clear spending 61 . This helps you know how much you can spend each month. 62 you have a plan, you might waste money. Second, try to save some money 63 you get your pocket money. 64 you save regularly, you will have money for something big in the future. 65 you are shopping, think twice before buying something expensive. 66 you really need it, don’t buy it. It’s also good to learn about different payment methods, 67 cash, cards, or mobile payments. 68 you understand them, you can use money more wisely. Finally, remember that money is a tool, not a goal. 69 you use it well, it can help you live a better life. Learning about money is an important 70 in growing up.
61．A．act B．plan C．active
62．A．If B．Unless C．When
63．A．as soon as B．before C．until
64．A．If B．Unless C．While
65．A．While B．After C．Before
66．A．If B．Unless C．Because
67．A．as B．like C．for example
68．A．If B．Unless C．Until
69．A．If B．Unless C．While
70．A．part B．section C．rule
请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将对应选项涂黑。
History was one of my favourite subjects. I also did well in other subjects 71 English and maths. My teachers were happy with me, 72 , in the eyes of my classmates, I was a “nerd (书呆子)”.
At first, I didn’t realise things were serious. But one day, I 73 by my classmates’ behaviours. They didn’t want to be in the same group with me at 74 activity. I felt really sad.
I 75 told my parents about that. They told me that people often look at things according to what they’ve learnt. They don’t accept those with different interests. I don’t need 76 about their impolite behaviours.
With my 77 help, I realise that I can’t control what others say or do. I’m not going to change 78 just to make others happy. I know that studying is 79 than anything else for me. I have a big dream of becoming a historian. Though it will take a lot of hard work, I’m not going to let others’ opinions stop me from achieving my dream. I believe I 80 one day.
71．A．in B．for C．like
72．A．but B．and C．or
73．A．is hurt B．was hurt C．hurts
74．A．a B．an C．the
75．A．angry B．angrily C．more angrily
76．A．care B．caring C．to care
77．A．parents B．parents’ C．parent
78．A．I B．my C．myself
79．A．important B．more important C．the most important
80．A．succeeded B．have succeeded C．will succeed
请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
John McKay has always loved flying. One of his earliest memories is taking a plane ride to visit his grandparents.
During the trip, he 81 by the blue sky and white clouds. John knew from then that he wanted to be a pilot. Then he started reading all the information 82 airplanes. How did they stay up in the air What did the inside of a plane’s wings look like
Besides, John studied much 83 than before, because he knew that he would need strong reading, math and communication 84 to be a pilot.
85 John grew older, his love for flight also grew deeper. He worked very hard to get into 86 famous flight school and became a pilot after graduation.
Ten years 87 since John started to work. Now, 88 day starts with pre-flight checks. He has to make sure that the plane is safe, so he’ll do many things 89 it safe. He’ll check the weather conditions to see if any rain, wind or snow will disturb (干扰) the plane. An interesting thing about flying is that the weather at ground level can be 90 different from the weather above the clouds.
Once everything is ready, John will sit down in the cockpit (驾驶舱) with another pilot. It’s time to fly!
81．A．amazed B．is amazed C．was amazed
82．A．about B．up C．to
83．A．hard B．harder C．hardest
84．A．skill B．skills C．skill’s
85．A．Though B．If C．As
86．A．a B．the C．/
87．A．passed B．has passed C．will pass
88．A．he B．him C．his
89．A．keep B．keeping C．to keep
90．A．complete B．completely C．completion
My parents didn’t allow me to dance, because they thought it was a girl’s sport. But I did not give up 91 dream. I practiced alone and learned from books, movies and shows.
One afternoon, 92 I was dancing, my little sister came to my room. She looked so 93 , and I asked, “What’s wrong, Maggie ”
“There will be 94 dancing competition in my school, but none of the boys in my class wants to dance with me. Dennis, I know you are so good 95 dancing. Could you dance with me ” she asked me. “Of course, Maggie.” I said. “Let’s show those 96 they are wrong.”
In the following months, we practiced every evening after my parents went 97 . I was having a fantastic time at that time and also Maggie improved a lot.
Finally, it was the competition day. We 98 successfully and the people cheered for us. After the competition, I saw my parents. I was happy but I did not know 99 . However, my father said, “Well done, my son.” I cried and I thought I was 100 person in the world at that time.
91．A．me B．my C．myself D．I
92．A．before B．until C．while D．after
93．A．sad B．sadly C．hard D．hardly
94．A．an B．the C．a D．/
95．A．at B．of C．in D．on
96．A．boy B．boys C．girl D．girls
97．A．watch B．to watch C．to sleep D．sleep
98．A．danced B．dance C．will dance D．were dancing
99．A．how I should say B．what I should say C．how should I say D．what should I say
100．A．tall B．the tallest C．happy D．the happiest
根据短文内容，从A、B、C三个选项中选出一个语法正确的答案。
Protecting the environment helps prevent many natural disasters. Let’s see how they are connected.
Trees act like natural guards. They hold soil together and help prevent floods. If we cut too many trees, rain can wash away soil 101 , causing floods or mudslides (泥石流). 102 planting more trees is a good way to prevent such disasters.
Rivers and oceans need 103 too. When we throw rubbish or factories 104 wastewater into them, the environment is destroyed (破坏). Healthy oceans can reduce the strength of storms, including typhoons. Clean rivers are less likely to overflow (泛滥) when 105 rains heavily.
The air matters as well. Polluted air changes the weather, making some disasters 106
frequent (频繁的). For example, rising 107 caused by pollution can lead to longer and more severe droughts (干旱).
108 short, protecting the environment means protecting ourselves. Taking care of the environment is the key to 109 natural disasters. Small actions, such as saving water or recycling, can make 110 big difference in keeping us safe. So let’s begin today.
101．A．easy B．easier C．easily
102．A．So B．But C．Because
103．A．carefully B．careful C．care
104．A．pour B．poured C．pouring
105．A．it B．its C．itself
106．A．much B．more C．most
107．A．temperatures B．temperatures’ C．temperature’s
108．A．At B．In C．For
109．A．prevent B．prevented C．preventing
110．A．a B．an C．the
When I was in Grade 8, I had a heated argument (激烈的争吵) with my classmate, Tony. I don’t remember the reason for the argument, 111 I will never forget what I learned that day.
Our teacher brought 112 to the front of the class. Then she put Tony on the side of her desk and me on the other. In the middle of her desk was 113 large box. It was black. The teacher asked us 114 the colour of the box. To my surprise, Tony answered “white”. I couldn’t 115 it. He was so wrong! Another argument started between Tony and me.
The teacher told us to change our position (位置). We changed places, and I 116 to tell the colour of the box. I had to answer, “White.” It 117 a box with two different colours on each side. “ 118 , now, what do you say ” The teacher smiled at us. My teacher 119 me a very important lesson that day.
When you disagree 120 other people, you should learn to think like he or she does. That will help you look at things through their eyes, and understand their ways of thinking.
111．A．or B．but C．so D．and
112．A．us B．we C．our D．ourselves
113．A．/ B．the C．an D．a
114．A．to mix B．mix C．to say D．say
115．A．receiving B．receive C．believing D．believe
116．A．ask B．am asked C．asked D．was asked
117．A．is B．was C．are D．were
118．A．Boys B．Boy C．Girls D．Girl
119．A．will teach B．is teaching C．taught D．was teaching
120．A．on B．with C．towards D．in
阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，使短文连贯完整。
I have a dog and his name is Coco. I like 121 dog very much. Yesterday I walked him after school. Suddenly I had a stomachache (肚子痛) while we 122 in a park. I rushed to the restroom and ordered him to wait for 123 outside. But after I came out, Coco was not there. I 124 so worried that I asked every person in the park. 125 , one of them told me that he saw a dog walking around in the central part of the park. But after I arrived, I just saw a notice 126 the ground.
I knew Coco 127 by a man. But it was not convenient for him 128 outside for a long time, so he had to leave his address on the notice. Twenty minutes later, I reached the man’s house. The man brought Coco out. Then he told me not to let the dog walk around alone. He said that most 129 would get hurt when they were alone.
When we keep a pet, it’s our responsibility to take care of it. If everyone follows the rules, our community will become 130 and more comfortable than before.
121．A．/ B．the C．a D．an
122．A．were playing B．are playing C．play D．played
123．A．I B．my C．myself D．me
124．A．are B．were C．am D．was
125．A．Final B．Finally C．Usual D．Usually
126．A．with B．of C．on D．at
127．A．was asked B．asked C．was found D．found
128．A．stay B．to stay C．smile D．to smile
129．A．cat B．cats C．dog D．dogs
130．A．good B．better C．bad D．worse
The first snow in 2021 came today. The weather was cold. But a waiter in a restaurant made me 131 warm. During the break this afternoon, Mr. Lee came into the classroom and told us that school would end 132 than usual, because the snowstorm was on the way.
We made 133 way home at half past three. It began to snow hard when Tom and I 134 along Tongji Street. We shared an umbrella and walked slowly. The snow kept 135 and we almost couldn’t see the road. And we felt 136 cold that we couldn’t stop shivering (哆嗦). Then we decided to walk into a small restaurant and wait there 137 the snow became lighter.
We were not the only people that had the idea of taking shelter (躲避) in the restaurant. There were already 138 people waiting there. The waiter was really kind. He served each of us a cup of hot water 139 a smile. He even said we could use his phone to call our parents. We were deeply moved and asked 140 we could thank him. The waiter kept smiling and said, “It doesn’t matter. I feel great when I can help others.”
131．A．feel B．felt C．feeling
132．A．early B．earlier C．earliest
133．A．us B．ourselves C．our
134．A．walks B．walk C．were walking
135．A．fall B．falling C．to fall
136．A．so B．enough C．too
137．A．though B．until C．because
138．A．few B．little C．a few
139．A．with B．for C．on
140．A．why B．what C．how
Last year, I decided to do something to help others. I used the Internet and found the Wildlife Service (野生动物保护协会). Two months later, 141 went to the northeast of China. I was very scared when I 142 of living with quite a few new people for two months. However, 143 we talked for half an hour, my worries went away. Everyone was so friendly and that made me feel at ease.
I went to the National Forest for my first 8-day trip. We had to take everything we needed and walk three 144 to the workplace. It may not seem like a long way but on such 145 hot day and with a heavy bag, my legs were on fire.
My job was to clean a way full 146 leaves in the mountain. Although I was tired, I was happy 147 the job in only one week. On the last night, it rained 148 . I woke up at midnight and found a “swimming pool” in my tent. The temperature 149 close to zero. My body kept shaking in the only dry part of my tent at the rest of the night!
Although I met a lot of difficulties, they brought out the best in me. Now, I think I have a much 150 heart than I used to have.
141．A．me B．I C．mine D．myself
142．A．thought B．think C．will think D．am thinking
143．A．or B．so C．after D．although
144．A．mile B．miles C．meter D．meters
145．A．a B．an C．the D．/
146．A．in B．at C．among D．of
147．A．finish B．to finish C．consider D．to consider
148．A．successful B．successfully C．heavy D．heavily
149．A．are B．were C．is D．was
150．A．smaller B．small C．stronger D．strong
二、单项选择
151．情境：A man takes out his phone and scans a QR code at the checkout counter. The cashier says, “Payment successful.”
推断：The man just ________.
A．took a picture B．made a phone call
C．paid for his things D．checked his messages
/ 让学习更有效 期中备考培优 | 英语学科
/ 让学习更有效 期中备考培优 | 英语学科
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
参考答案及试题解析
1．A 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．B 6．A 7．C 8．A 9．B 10．C
【导语】本文介绍了“杂交水稻之父”袁隆平的生平事迹、科研贡献与崇高精神，号召人们向他学习。
1．句意：1953年他大学毕业之后，他开始在一所农村中学当老师。
After在……之后；Before在……之前；Until直到。根据“he graduated from college in 1953, he began to work as a teacher in a rural middle school.”可知，此处表达的是时间上的先后顺序，应该是大学毕业之后开始当老师，故选A。
2．句意：他日夜努力工作以培育杂交水稻。
hardly几乎不；hard努力地；harder更努力地。根据“day and night to develop hybrid rice”可知，此处表达的是努力工作，用副词hard修饰动词work，故选B。
3．句意：1973年，袁隆平和他的团队克服了无数困难，培育出了杂交水稻。
through通过；across穿过；past经过。根据“countless difficulties”可知，此处表达的是“克服困难”，through difficulties表示“经历 / 克服困难”，故选A。
4．句意：从那时起，他全身心投入到提高水稻产量的研究中。
him他，人称代词宾格；his他的，形容词性物主代词；himself他自己，反身代词。根据“From then on, he threw...into the research of improving rice production.”可知，此处表达的是“全身心投入”，英语是throw oneself into，故选C。
5．句意：中国人民一直为他的伟大工作感到自豪。
is是，主语是单数或不可数名词；are是，主语是复数或第二人称；am是，主语是第一人称I。根据“The Chinese people...always proud of his great work.”可知，主语是复数名词“The Chinese people”，be动词用are，故选B。
6．句意：他于2021年去世，享年91岁。
the定冠词，表特指；a一个，不定冠词，表泛指，用于辅音音素开头的单词前；an一个，不定冠词，表泛指，用于元音音素开头的单词前。根据“age of 91”可知，此处表达的是“在……岁时”，英语是“at the age of”，故选A。
7．句意：但他勤奋善良的精神仍然鼓舞着中国乃至全世界的年轻人。
encourage鼓励，动词原形；encouraged鼓励，过去式；encourages鼓励，动词三单形式。根据“But his spirit of hard work and kindness still...young people in China and all over the world.”可知，句子陈述的是客观事实，用一般现在时，主语是单数名词“spirit”，谓语动词用三单形式，故选C。
8．句意：有人说，如果他出售他的水稻技术，他可以变得更富有，但他笑着说：“我只是想帮助更多的人有足够的食物吃。”
laughed笑，过去式；laughing笑，现在分词或动名词；to laugh笑，动词不定式。根据“and said”可知，and连接两个并列的谓语动词，后面是said，此处也用过去式，故选A。
9．句意：他把一生都花在了农田里，他的成功是给世界最好的礼物。
succeed成功，动词；success成功，名词；successful成功的，形容词。根据“his...is the greatest gift to the world”可知，此处表达的是“成功”，在句中作主语，用名词形式，故选B。
10．句意：我们可以从他身上学到很多东西，并更加努力地使我们的国家变得更好。
much许多；some一些；more 许多。根据“make... efforts to make our country better.”可知，此处表达的是“更加努力”，efforts是可数名词的复数形式，make more efforts表示“付出更多努力”，故选C。
11．B 12．A 13．B 14．B 15．B 16．B 17．B 18．A 19．C 20．B
【导语】本文讲述了一些成为更好学习者的建议，包括制定个人学习计划、合理使用手机、尝试教育类应用、合理安排休息时间、保持耐心等。
11．句意：首先，制定一个个人学习计划是有帮助的。
此处修饰名词study plan，需用形容词，表示“个人的学习计划”，应用personal。
12．句意：第二，当你使用手机时，记住它只是一个工具。
表示“当……时候”，且从句用一般现在时，主句为祈使句，强调动作同时发生，应用when。
13．句意：在你的工作完成之前，不要让它分散你的注意力。
此处表示“工作完成前不要分心”，应用before。
14．句意：第三，尝试一些教育类应用。
此处修饰名词apps，需用形容词，表示“教育类的应用”，应用educational。
15．句意：在你学习时，要短暂休息。
从句为现在进行时，While“当……时”后接进行时或持续性动作，应用While。
16．句意：例如，你完成25分钟的工作后，就休息5分钟。
根据上下文，此处表示“完成工作后立即休息”，应用after。
17．句意：当你休息时，你可以伸展或四处走动。
从句为现在进行时，while专门搭配进行时，表动作持续期间，应用While。
18．句意：但是记住，休息一结束就要回去学习。
表示“一……就……”的结构，应用as soon as。
19．句意：你可能不会立即看到进步，但是继续尝试直到你成功。
根据语境，应是继续尝试直到成功，应用until“直到”。
20．句意：学习是生活中自然的一部分。
此处修饰名词part，需用形容词，表示“自然的一部分”，应用natural。
21．A 22．B 23．C 24．D 25．A 26．C 27．D 28．A 29．D 30．C
【导语】本文主要讲述了英国人因为觉得说“不”不礼貌，所以会用其他委婉的表达方式来代替，这给其他国家的人带来了困惑。
21．句意：但这对于来自其他国家的人来说可能是一个问题。
此处表示泛指“一个问题”，problem以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。an用于元音音素开头的单词前，the表示特指，零冠词通常用于复数或不可数名词泛指，均不符合此处语法。
22．句意：当你不同意某人或某事时，你学会了用英语说“不”。
learn to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“学习做某事”，应用动词不定式to say。say为动词原形、saying为动名词、said为过去分词，均不能用于此结构。
23．句意：但现实生活并不总是那么简单的。
前文说学会了说“不”，后文说现实没那么简单，前后为转折关系，应用But。And表示顺承、Because表示原因、Or表示选择，均不符合逻辑。
24．句意：这比你想象的更难。
根据下文英国人用其他表达代替“不”可知，实际情况比想象中更难，应用more difficult。easy“容易的”、easier“更容易的”、difficult“困难的”均不符合比较级和语义的双重要求。
25．句意：马克在一家旅游商店工作了10年。
根据“for 10 years”及语境，表示从过去持续到现在的动作，应用现在完成时has worked。worked为一般过去时、works为一般现在时、will work为一般将来时，均无法体现持续至今的含义。
26．句意：如果你问“我能为你做什么？”
在服务行业询问顾客需要什么帮助时，应用can表示“能够”。can’t“不能”、mustn’t“禁止”、must“必须”均不符合服务用语的习惯表达。
27．句意：当你向他们提供某物时，他们常说“我没事，谢谢。”
动词offer后接代词作宾语，应用宾格them。theirs为名词性物主代词、their为形容词性物主代词、they为主格，均不能作宾语。
28．句意：当他们说这话时，意思是他们已经得到了他们想要的东西。
宾语从句中应用陈述语序，what they want表示“他们想要的东西”。what do they want为疑问语序、how they want意为“他们想要的方式”、how do they want为疑问语序，均不符合语法。
29．句意：他们只是用同样的词以不同的方式来表达“是”和“不”！
in different ways为固定搭配，意为“以不同的方式”，应用介词in。at、on、of均不能与ways构成此搭配。
30．句意：然而，有时英国人也很难说“是”。
主语it为第三人称单数，描述一般情况应用一般现在时，应用is。were用于复数或第二人称、are用于复数或第二人称、was用于单数过去时，均不符合主谓一致和时态要求。
31．B 32．A 33．C 34．C 35．A 36．C 37．B 38．A 39．B 40．A
【导语】本文介绍了钱学森的事迹。
31．句意：1934 年，他从上海交通大学毕业之后，前往美国深造。
Before在……之前；After在……之后；Until直到。根据“he went for further study in the United States”可知，此处是说从上海交通大学毕业之后。故选B。
32．句意：在那里，他勤奋学习，最终成为了一名火箭和导弹理论方面的教师以及研究者。
hard努力；harder更努力；hardly几乎不。根据“at last he became a teacher as well as a researcher in rocket and missile theory (原理)”可知，他在学校里学习很努力。故选A。
33．句意：1955年，钱学森克服重重困难回到了中国。
past过去；across横穿；through通过，跨越。根据“Qian Xuesen returned to China”可知，钱学森克服困难，回到了中国。故选C。
34．句意：从那时起，他全身心投入到中国导弹、火箭和宇宙飞船的研究项目中。
him他，人称代词宾格；his他的，形容词性或名词性物主代词；himself他自己，反身代词。根据“in developing China’s missile, rocket and spaceship research program”可知，此处是说他全身心投入到这些研究当中，throw oneself into“投身于”。故选C。
35．句意：中国人民为他感到骄傲。
are是，系动词，主语为you或复数；is是，系动词，主语为第三人称单数；am是，系动词，与人称代词I连用。主语“The Chinese people”表示复数，故选A。
36．句意：他于2009年10月31日去世，享年98岁。
a不定冠词，表示泛指，用于以辅音音素开头的单词前；an不定冠词，表示泛指，用于以元音音素开头的单词前；the定冠词，表示特指。根据“age of 98”可知，此处是说在98岁时去世，at the age of“在……岁时”。故选C。
37．句意：但他的精神至今仍激励着中国的年轻人。
encourage鼓励，为动词原形；encourages鼓励，为encourage的第三人称单数；encouraged鼓励，为动词encourage的过去式。根据“But his spirit still”可知，此句用一般现在时，主语“his spirit”为第三人称单数，此处用第三人称单数。故选B。
38．句意：我的事业在中国，我的成功在中国，我的归宿也在中国！
success成功，名词；succeed成功，动词；successful成功的，形容词。句中“my”为形容词性物主代词，此处应用名词，故选A。
39．句意：有人曾说，如果他留在美国，能赚到更多的钱。
some一些；much很多，修饰不可数名词；many很多，修饰复数名词。根据“if he stayed in the United States”可知，此处是说如果他留在美国，会更很多钱，“money”为不可数名词，用much修饰。故选B。
40．句意：当他听到这话时，他笑了笑说：“我家姓钱，但我不喜欢‘钱’。”
laughed大笑，为laugh的过去式；laughing大笑，为laugh的现在分词；to laugh大笑，为动词不定式。根据“When he heard that”可知，此句用一般过去时，故选A。
41．A 42．C 43．C 44．B 45．C 46．A 47．A 48．B 49．C 50．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者学习英语的经历和感悟。
41．句意：对我来说，这真是一个糟糕的梦。
a一个，用于辅音音素开头的单词前；an一个，用于元音音素开头的单词前；the这个，特指。根据“It was really...bad dream for me”可知，此处泛指“一个糟糕的梦”，且“bad”以辅音音素开头，故选A。
42．句意：我讨厌记忆新单词和语法规则。
memorize记忆，动词原形；memorizes记忆，动词第三人称单数；memorizing记忆，动名词或现在分词。“hate”后接动名词形式，表示“讨厌做某事”，故选C。
43．句意：我16岁时，父母给我买了一台iPad。
buy买，动词原形；buys买，动词三单形式；bought买，动词过去式。根据“When I was 16 years old”可知，此处描述过去的事情，需用过去式，故选C。
44．句意：从那时起，它成了我最好的帮手。
me我，宾格；my我的，形容词性物主代词；mine我的，名词性物主代词。根据“best helper”可知，此处需用形容词性物主代词修饰“helper”，故选B。
45．句意：我可以在任何我想学英语的地方——在回家的路上或在地铁上。
whenever无论何时；whatever无论什么；wherever无论哪里。根据“on my way home or on the subway”可知，强调“任何地点”都能学习，故选C。
46．句意：直到我学到了许多有趣的单词和表达，我才爱上英语。
until直到；if如果；after在……之后。根据“I didn’t fall in love with the language…I learnt a lot…”可知，此处为“not…until”结构，表示“直到……才”，故选A。
47．句意：我没有意识到语言本身是连接我与世界知识的最佳方式。
itself它自己；myself我自己；themselves他们自己。根据“the language…was the best way”可知，此处指“语言本身”，故选A。
48．句意：我越认真学习英语，我就会越好。
good好的；better更好的；best最好的。根据“The more carefully I study English, the…”可知，此处为“the+比较级，the+比较级”结构，故选B。
49．句意：多亏了英语，近年来我对周围的世界有了更多的了解。
learn学习，动词原形；learnt学习，动词过去式；have learn已经学习，现在完成时。根据“in recent years”可知，强调过去动作对现在的影响，需用现在完成时，故选C。
50．句意：我知道要成为一名优秀的英语学习者还有很长的路要走，但我会永远记得坚持练习。
keep保持，动词原形；to keep保持，动词不定式；keeping保持，动名词或现在分词。根据“but I will never forget...practicing.”可知，强调的是以后不会忘记坚持练习，所以用forget to do sth结构。故选B。
51．C 52．B 53．B 54．C 55．C 56．B 57．C 58．A 59．C 60．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了Jason为了购买一把500元的吉他，通过制定预算、减少不必要的开支并赚取外快，最终成功攒够钱并学到宝贵理财经验的故事。
51．句意：他意识到存钱比花钱更难。
to spend花费，不定式；spent花费，过去式；spending花费，动名词。根据“than”可知，前后是比较结构，比较的对象是“saving money”和“...it”，两者应为平行结构，都用动名词形式，此处指“花钱”，应用“spending”。故选C。
52．句意：他开始把他买的每件东西都记下来。
what什么；that引导定语从句，指物/人；which引导定语从句，指物。空后“he bought”为定语从句，修饰先行词“everything”，先行词为不定代词时，关系词只能用“that”。故选B。
53．句意：“如果我不再买这些东西，”他想，“三个月后我就有足够的钱了。”
have有，原形；will have将有，一般将来时；had有，过去式。根据“If I stop...”和“in three months”可知，这是对将来情况的假设，主句应用一般将来时。故选B。
54．句意：他还找到了一种通过帮邻居遛狗来赚取额外收入的方法。
founds建立；founded建立（过去式）；found找到，发现（过去式）。根据“a way to earn extra money”可知，是“找到”了一种方法，且事情发生在过去，应用“found”。故选C。
55．句意：他不仅买了吉他，还买了一本音乐书。
buy买，原形；buys买，三单；bought买，过去式。根据“He not only bought the guitar but also...”的并列结构可知，此处也应用一般过去时“bought”。故选C。
56．句意：他学到了用自己赚的钱买东西比花父母的钱感觉更好。
feel感觉，原形；feels感觉，三单；felt感觉，过去式。主语“buying things”为动名词短语，视为单数，且描述一般事实，应用一般现在时，动词需用三单形式“feels”。故选B。
57．句意：他知道如果你有一个明确的目标，存钱就会变得更容易。
unless除非；although尽管；if如果。根据“you have a clear goal, saving money can become easier”可知，前后为条件关系，应用“if”引导条件状语从句。故选C。
58．句意：金钱只是一个工具，而你是控制它的主人。
who指人，关系代词，作主语；which指物，作主语/宾语；whom指人，作宾语。空后“controls it”为定语从句，修饰先行词“master”，关系词在从句中作主语，指人应用“who”。故选A。
59．句意：学习理财技能永远不嫌早。
learn学习，原形；learning学习，动名词；to learn学习，不定式。根据“It is never too early”可知，句型“It is never too early to do sth.”意为“做某事永远不嫌早”，应用不定式“to learn”。故选C。
60．句意：这段经历是一笔买不到的财富。
who指人；that指人或物；what什么。空后“cannot be bought”为定语从句，修饰先行词“treasure”，关系词在从句中作主语，指物应用“that”。故选B。
61．B 62．B 63．A 64．A 65．A 66．B 67．B 68．A 69．A 70．A
【导语】本文为青少年提供了几条实用的金钱管理建议，包括制定预算、养成储蓄习惯、理性消费以及理解不同支付方式等。
61．句意：首先，制定一个清晰的支出计划。
“spending”后需要一个名词作宾语，表示“计划”，且为可数名词单数，应用plan。act作名词侧重单次具体动作，active为形容词，均不符合“支出计划”的语境。
62．句意：如果你没有计划，你可能会浪费钱。
这是一个条件句，表示“如果不……就会……”。Unless 意为“除非，如果不”，和前文“要做消费计划、知道每月能花多少”完全一致。If表示“如果”，与原文逻辑相反；When表示时间，不符合“没有计划就会浪费钱”的逻辑。
63．句意：其次，当你一拿到零花钱时，就尽量存一些钱。
存钱的动作应与拿到零花钱同时或之后发生，应用as soon as，表示“一……就……”。before“在……之前”和until“直到……”均不符合时间逻辑。
64．句意：如果你定期储蓄，将来你就有钱买大件东西。
前后句为条件关系，表示“如果”定期储蓄，就会有结果，应用If。Unless“如果不”意思相反，While“当……时”强调同时发生，均不符合条件关系。
65．句意：当你购物时，买贵重物品前要三思。
空格引导时间状语从句，表示“当……时”，应用While。After“在……之后”和Before“在……之前”均不符合此处“购物时”的语境。
66．句意：如果你不是真的需要它，就不要买。
这是一个否定条件句，与第二空类似，表示“除非……否则不……”。Unless 意为“除非”，符合“只有在你真的需要的情况下才买”的逻辑。If与原文逻辑相反，Because表示原因，不符合“不需要就不买”的逻辑。
67．句意：了解不同的支付方式也很好，例如现金、卡或移动支付。
空格后为举例，应用like表示“例如”。as作介词意为“作为”，for example需加逗号后接句子，均不符合此处直接举例的用法。
68．句意：如果你理解它们，你就能更明智地使用钱。
前后句为条件关系，表示“如果”理解就能用好，应用If。Unless“如果不”意思相反，Until“直到……”不符合条件逻辑。
69．句意：如果你用好它，它能帮助你过上更好的生活。
前后句为条件关系，表示“如果”用好就有好结果，应用If。Unless“如果不”意思相反，While“当……时”不表条件，均不符合。
70．句意：学习金钱管理是成长过程中的重要部分。
学习金钱管理是成长中的“一部分”，应用part。section指整体中的一部分，rule指规则，均不如part贴合“组成部分”的语境。
71．C 72．A 73．B 74．B 75．B 76．C 77．A 78．C 79．B 80．C
【导语】本文讲述了“我”因成绩好被同学视为“书呆子”而受排斥，在父母开导下，“我”意识到无需在意他人看法，坚持学习追求成为历史学家的梦想的故事。
71．句意：我其他科目也学得很好，比如英语和数学。
根据“English and maths”可知，此处是在举例说明其他学得好的科目，like“比如”符合语境。in“在……里面”、for“为了”均不符合举例的语境。
72．句意：我的老师们对我感到满意，但是，在同学们眼中我是个“书呆子”。
上文提到老师对“我”满意，下文说同学认为“我”是书呆子，前后是转折关系，but“但是”符合。and“和”表并列；or“或者”表选择，均不符合语境。
73．句意：但是有一天，我被同学们的行为伤害了。
根据“by my classmates’ behaviours”可知，“我”是被伤害，要用被动语态，且文章整体是一般过去时，所以用一般过去时的被动语态was hurt。is hurt是一般现在时的被动语态；hurts是一般现在时的主动语态，均不符合。
74．句意：在一项活动中，他们都不想和我在同一组。
此处表示泛指“一项活动”，activity以元音音素开头，用不定冠词an。a用于辅音音素开头的单词前；the是定冠词，表特指，均不符合。
75．句意：我生气地把这件事告诉了我的父母。
此处要用副词修饰动词told，angrily“生气地”符合。angry“生气的”是形容词；more angrily是比较级，此处没有比较的语境，均不符合。
76．句意：我不需要在意他们不礼貌的行为。
need to do sth.“需要做某事”，是固定搭配，所以用to care。care是动词原形；caring是现在分词，均不符合。
77．句意：在父母的帮助下，我意识到我无法控制别人说什么或做什么。
根据“They told me...”可知，这里是父母两人，用复数parents。parent是单数，parents’为所有格形式，均不符合。
78．句意：我不会仅仅为了让别人开心而改变自己。
此处表示“改变自己”，用反身代词myself。I“我”是主格；my“我的”是形容词性物主代词，均不符合。
79．句意：我知道学习对我来说比任何其他事情都更重要。
根据“than”可知，此处要用比较级more important。important是原级；the most important是最高级，均不符合。
80．句意：我相信有一天我会成功的。
根据“one day”可知，此处表示将来会成功，用一般将来时will succeed。succeeded是一般过去时；have succeeded是现在完成时，均不符合。
81．C 82．A 83．B 84．B 85．C 86．A 87．B 88．C 89．C 90．B
【导语】本文讲述了约翰·麦凯从小热爱飞行，通过努力学习和训练，最终成为一名飞行员的故事。
81．句意：在旅途中，他被蓝天白云所震撼。
前文提到这是他小时候的一次旅行，描述的是过去发生的事情，且主语he与amaze之间为被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态。was amazed符合语境。
82．句意：然后他开始阅读所有关于飞机的信息。
后文提到飞机如何在空中停留、机翼内部是什么样子，可知这些信息是关于飞机的。about“关于”符合语境；up向上、to到均不符合。
83．句意：此外，约翰比以前学习更努力了。
后文提到因为他知道成为一名飞行员需要很强的阅读、数学和沟通能力，可知他学习更刻苦了。than提示此处应用比较级。harder“更努力地”符合语境；hard原级、hardest最高级均不符合。
84．句意：因为他知道成为一名飞行员需要很强的阅读、数学和沟通技能。
前文提到reading, math and communication，可知这些是多项技能，应用复数形式。skills“技能”符合语境；skill单数、skill’s所有格均不符合。
85．句意：随着约翰渐渐长大，他对飞行的热爱也更加深厚。
前文提到他小时候的梦想，后文提到长大后热爱加深，此处表示时间的伴随。As“随着”符合语境；Though虽然、If如果均不符合。
86．句意：他非常努力地进入了一所著名的飞行学校，毕业后成为了一名飞行员。
后文提到flight school为可数名词单数，此处泛指“一所著名的飞行学校”，应用不定冠词a。a符合语境；the表示特指、/零冠词不符合。
87．句意：自从约翰开始工作以来，十年已经过去了。
前文提到他毕业后成为飞行员，后文描述现在的工作日常，时态为现在时，since引导的时间状语从句主句应用现在完成时。has passed“已经过去”符合语境；passed一般过去时、will pass将来时均不符合。
88．句意：现在，他的一天从飞行前检查开始。
后文提到他检查天气等，可知是“他的”一天。his“他的”符合语境；he他（主格）、him他（宾格）均不符合。
89．句意：他必须确保飞机是安全的，所以他会做很多事情来保证它的安全。
前文提到确保飞机安全，后文提到检查天气等，这些是目的。to keep“为了保持”作目的状语，符合语境；keep动词原形、keeping现在分词均不符合。
90．句意：飞行的一件有趣的事情是，地面层的天气可能与云层上方的天气完全不同。
后文提到different from，此处需要副词修饰形容词different。completely“完全地”符合语境；complete完全的（形容词）、completion完成（名词）均不符合。
91．B 92．C 93．A 94．C 95．A 96．B 97．C 98．A 99．B 100．D
【导语】本文讲述主人公Dennis热爱跳舞，父母起初不支持，认为跳舞是女孩的运动，但他坚持梦想，后来陪妹妹参加校园舞蹈比赛并获得认可，最终收获父母理解的励志故事。
91．句意：但我没有放弃我的梦想。
空后为名词dream，需用形容词性物主代词修饰，my意为“我的”符合语境；me为人称代词宾格，I为主格，myself为反身代词，均不能修饰名词。
92．句意：一天下午，当我正在跳舞的时候，我的妹妹来到了我的房间。
while引导时间状语从句，强调主句动作发生在从句延续动作进行期间，从句常用进行时态；before在……之前，until直到，after在……之后，不符合语境。
93．句意：她看起来很难过。
look为感官系动词，后接形容词作表语；sad难过的（形容词）符合语境，sadly难过地（副词），hard困难的/努力地，hardly几乎不。结合后文妹妹求助的情节可知她心情低落。
94．句意：我们学校将会有一场舞蹈比赛。
competition是单数可数名词，此处表泛指，dancing以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a；an用于元音音素开头单词前，the表特指。故选C。
95．句意：Dennis，我知道你很擅长跳舞。
固定搭配be good at doing sth.意为“擅长做某事”，为固定介词搭配；of/in/on均无此用法。
96．句意：让我们向那些男孩证明他们是错的。
those后接可数名词复数；结合前文父母认为跳舞是女孩的运动、班里男生不愿跳舞的情节，此处指代那些固执的男孩，boy单数，girl女孩不符合语境。
97．句意：在接下来的几个月里，我们每天晚上在父母入睡后练习。
go to sleep入睡，固定短语；go watch结构错误，结合时间逻辑，父母睡觉后两人才能偷偷练习。
98．句意：我们跳得很成功，人们为我们欢呼。
全文整体为一般过去时，此处谓语动词用过去式danced；dance原形、will dance将来时、were dancing进行时，均不符合时态要求。
99．句意：我很开心，但我不知道该说什么。
宾语从句要用陈述语序，排除C、D疑问语序；what I should say表“我该说什么”，how I should say缺少宾语，结构不完整。
100．句意：那一刻我觉得自己是世界上最幸福的人。
in the world表范围，要用形容词最高级；结合语境父亲夸奖了自己，内心幸福，the happiest最幸福的；tall高的，the tallest最高的，语义不符。
101．C 102．A 103．C 104．A 105．A 106．B 107．A 108．B 109．C 110．A
【导语】本文讲述了环境保护与自然灾害之间的联系，强调保护环境可以预防灾害，呼吁人们采取行动保护地球。
101．句意：如果我们砍太多的树，雨水就可以轻易冲走土壤，造成洪水灾害或泥石流。
easy容易的，形容词；easier更容易的，形容词的比较级；easily容易地，副词。修饰动词短语wash away应使用副词，easy的副词形式为easily。故选C。
102．句意：所以多种树是预防此类灾害的好方法。
So因此，表结果；But但是，表转折；Because因为，表原因。前句说明乱砍滥伐导致灾害，后句提出解决方法，构成因果关系，应用So。故选A。
103．句意：河流和海洋也需要保护。
carefully仔细地，副词；careful认真的，形容词；care关心，名词。need为实义动词，后接名词作宾语。故选C。
104．句意：当我们扔垃圾或工厂将废水倒入河流时，环境就受到破坏了。
pour倾倒，动词原形；poured动词的过去式；pouring动名词。主语factories为复数，一般现在时，谓语用动词原形pour。故选A。
105．句意：干净的河流在暴雨时不易泛滥。
it它，代词，指代上文出现的单数或不可数名词；its它的，形容词性物主代词或名词性物主代词；itself它自己，反身代词。此处it指代天气，作主语。故选A。
106．句意：污染的空气会改变天气，使一些灾害更频繁。
much多的，原级，修饰不可数名词；more更多的，比较级；most最多的，最高级。make+宾语+形容词比较级，frequent的比较级为more frequent。故选B。
107．句意：比如，由污染引起的气温上升可能导致更久更严重的干旱。
temperatures各种温度，名词复数；temperatures’各种温度的，复数名词的所有格；temperature’s温度的，单数名词的所有格。此处需要名词作主语，temperature为可数名词，此处用复数形式temperatures泛指气温。故选A。
108．句意：简而言之，保护环境就意味着保护我们自己。
At在；In在……里；For为了。in short为固定短语，意为“简而言之”。故选B。
109．句意：保护环境是预防自然灾害的关键。
prevent阻止，动词原形；prevented动词的过去式；preventing动名词。the key to中的to为介词，后接动名词preventing。故选C。
110．句意：比如像节约用水，回收利用这样的小小的举动可以在保护我们自己安全这件事上产生很大的影响。
a一个，不定冠词；an一个，不定冠词，用于元音音素开头的单词；the定冠词，表特指。make a difference为固定搭配，意为“有影响；起作用”。故选A。
111．B 112．A 113．D 114．C 115．D 116．D 117．B 118．A 119．C 120．B
【导语】本文讲述了作者在八年级时与同学发生争执，老师通过一个两面颜色不同的盒子让他们明白换位思考的重要性。
111．句意：我不记得争吵的原因，但我永远不会忘记那天学到的东西。
前文说不记得原因，后文说不会忘记学到的东西，前后为转折关系，应用but。or表示选择、so表示因果、and表示顺承，均不符合逻辑。
112．句意：我们的老师把我们带到班级前面。
动词brought后接代词作宾语，应用宾格us。we为主格、our为形容词性物主代词、ourselves为反身代词，均不能作宾语。
113．句意：在她的桌子中间有一个大盒子。
此处表示泛指“一个”大盒子，box以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。an用于元音音素开头的单词前，the表示特指，零冠词通常用于复数或不可数名词泛指，均不符合此处语法。
114．句意：老师让我们说出盒子的颜色。
ask sb. to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“要求某人做某事”，应用动词不定式to say。mix“混合”、to mix、say动词原形均不能用于此结构。
115．句意：我无法相信。
情态动词couldn’t后接动词原形，选项中receive和believe均符合语法。但根据上下文，作者看到盒子是黑色，而Tony回答“白色”，作者认为Tony是错的，此处表达的是“无法相信”Tony所说的颜色，而非“无法收到”某物。believe意为“相信”，receive意为“收到”，believe符合语境。
116．句意：我们交换了位置，我被要求说出盒子的颜色。
根据语境，作者是被老师要求回答，应用一般过去时的被动语态was asked。ask为动词原形、am asked为一般现在时被动、asked为主动形式，均不符合时态和语态。
117．句意：那是一个两边颜色不同的盒子。
描述过去的事实，主语It为第三人称单数，应用一般过去时was。is为现在时、are用于复数、were用于复数或第二人称，均不符合主谓一致和时态要求。
118．句意：孩子们，现在你们怎么说？
老师称呼全班学生，应用复数形式Boys，此处用boys泛指“孩子们、同学们”。Boy单数、Girls和Girl均不能泛指包含男女生在内的全班同学。
119．句意：那天我的老师给我上了非常重要的一课。
描述过去发生的动作，应用一般过去时taught。will teach为将来时、is teaching为现在进行时、was teaching为过去进行时，均不符合语境。
120．句意：当你与别人意见不同时。
disagree with为固定搭配，意为“不同意、与……意见不合”，应用介词with。on、towards、in均不能与disagree构成此搭配。
121．B 122．A 123．D 124．D 125．B 126．C 127．C 128．B 129．D 130．B
【导语】本文讲述了作者带宠物狗Coco外出时，因肚子痛暂时离开，导致Coco被好心人发现并送回的故事，强调了照顾宠物的责任，以及遵守规则能让社区更美好。
121．句意：我非常喜欢这只狗。
此处特指前文提到的自己的狗Coco，用定冠词the。/（零冠词）、a（泛指）、an（泛指，用于元音音素开头）均不符合语境。
122．句意：昨天放学后我带它散步。我们在公园里玩耍时，我突然肚子痛。
while引导时间状语从句，强调“正在做某事时”，且事件发生在过去，用过去进行时were playing。are playing（现在进行时）、play（一般现在时）、played（一般过去时）均不符合语法。
123．句意：我冲进洗手间，命令它在外面等我。
介词for后接宾格，指代“我”用me。I（主格）、my（形容词性物主代词）、myself（反身代词）均不符合语法。
124．句意：我非常担心，以至于问了公园里的每一个人。
主语I是第一人称单数，且事件发生在过去，be动词用was。are（复数/you）、were（复数过去式）、am（单数现在时）均不符合语法。
125．句意：最后，其中一个人告诉我，他看到一只狗在公园中央走来走去。
表示“最后”用副词Finally。Final（形容词）、Usual（形容词）、Usually（副词，通常）均不符合语境。
126．句意：但当我到达时，我只看到地上有一张通知。
表示“在地上”用介词on the ground。with（和）、of（……的）、at（在……小地点）均不符合该搭配。
127．句意：我知道Coco被一个人发现了。
Coco是“被发现”，用被动语态was found。was asked（被要求）、asked（主动问）、found（主动发现）均不符合逻辑。
128．句意：但他不方便在外面待很长时间，所以他不得不在通知上留下地址。
固定句型it is not convenient for sb. to do sth.表示“某人不方便做某事”，“待在外面”用to stay。stay（原形）、smile（微笑）、to smile（不定式微笑）均不符合语法和语境。
129．句意：他说大多数狗在独自行动时会受伤。
most后接可数名词复数，且文章讲的是狗，应选用dogs。cat（猫单数）、cats（猫复数）、dog（狗单数）均不符合语境。
130．句意：如果每个人都遵守规则，我们的社区会变得比以前更好、更舒适。
than before表示比较，且“更舒适”对应“更好”，用比较级better。good（原级）、bad（原级，坏的）、worse（比较级，更坏的）均不符合语境。
131．A 132．B 133．C 134．C 135．B 136．A 137．B 138．C 139．A 140．C
【导语】本文讲述了作者和同学在雪天放学路上因雪大而进入一家小餐馆躲避，餐馆服务员善良地为大家提供热水并让使用电话，作者深受感动的故事。
131．句意：但是一家餐馆的服务员让我感到温暖。
feel感觉，动词原形；felt感觉，动词过去式；feeling感觉，现在分词或动名词。根据“made me”可知，此处是make sb do sth“让某人做某事”，所以此处使用动词原形。故选A。
132．句意：今天下午休息时，李老师走进教室，告诉我们学校会比平时早放学，因为暴风雪就要来了。
early早地，副词原级；earlier更早地，副词比较级；earliest最早地，副词最高级。根据“than usual”可知，此处使用副词比较级。故选B。
133．句意：我们三点半就回家了。
us我们，人称代词宾格；ourselves我们自己，反身代词；our我们的，形容词性物主代词。根据“way”可知，此处使用形容词性物主代词，make one’s way“前往”。故选C。
134．句意：当我和汤姆沿着同济街走的时候，天开始下起了大雪。
walks步行，动词三单形式；walk步行，动词原形；were walking正在步行，过去进行时。根据“It began to snow hard”可知，此处使用过去进行时，表示过去正在发生的动作。故选C。
135．句意：雪一直下着，我们几乎看不见路了。
fall落下，动词原形；falling落下，现在分词或动名词；to fall落下，动词不定式。根据“kept”可知，keep doing sth“一直做某事”。故选B。
136．句意：我们感到很冷，忍不住发抖。
so如此；enough足够地；too太。根据“cold that we couldn’t stop shivering”可知，此处是so...that...“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句。故选A。
137．句意：然后我们决定走进一家小餐馆，在那里等到雪变小。
though虽然；until直到；because因为。根据“the snow became lighter”可知是等到雪变小，此处使用until引导时间状语从句。故选B。
138．句意：已经有一些人在那里等着了。
few很少，修饰可数名词复数；little很少，修饰不可数名词；a few一些，修饰可数名词复数。根据“people”是可数名词复数，且根据“We were not the only people that had the idea of taking shelter (躲避) in the restaurant.”可知他们不是唯一想到在餐馆躲避的人，已经有一些人在那里了，此处表示肯定意义，所以使用a few。故选C。
139．句意：他微笑着给我们每人端来一杯热水。
with和；for为了；on在上面。根据“a smile”可知，此处使用with，表示“带着微笑”。故选A。
140．句意：我们深受感动，问我们该如何感谢他。
why为什么；what什么；how如何。根据“we could thank him”可知是询问该如何感谢他，此处表示方式，所以使用how。故选C。
141．B 142．A 143．C 144．B 145．A 146．D 147．B 148．D 149．D 150．C
【导语】本文讲述了作者去年参加野生动物保护协会的志愿活动，在东北林区经历了长途跋涉、恶劣天气等种种困难，最终磨砺出更强大内心的成长故事，告诉我们困难能让人变得更坚韧。
141．句意：两个月后，我去了中国东北。
此处需要主格形式在句中作主语，I是主格，符合语法要求。me是宾格，mine是名词性物主代词，myself是反身代词，均不能单独作主语。
142．句意：当我想到要和很多陌生人一起生活两个月时，我非常害怕。
根据上下文“Last year”“was”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，动词需用过去式thought。think是原形，will think是一般将来时，am thinking是现在进行时，均不符合时态要求。
143．句意：然而，在我们聊了半小时之后，我的担忧消失了。
after表示“在……之后”，引导时间状语从句，符合“聊天后担忧消失”的逻辑。or表“或者/否则”，so表“所以”，although表“虽然”，均不符合语境逻辑。
144．句意：我们必须带上所有必需品，步行三英里去工作地点。
基数词three后接可数名词复数，结合后文“my legs were on fire”的疲惫感，这里要填miles“英里”，步行三英里更符合长途跋涉的语境；meter/meters距离过短，不符合情境。
145．句意：这看起来不算远，但在这么炎热的一天，背着沉重的背包，我的腿都像着火了一样。
such+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数是固定结构，hot以辅音音素开头，用a。an用于元音音素开头的单词前，the表特指，此处不表特指。
146．句意：我的工作是清理山里满是落叶的路。
full of是固定搭配，意为“充满……”，符合“满是落叶的路”的语境。in在……里、at在……、among在……之间均不能与full构成此搭配。
147．句意：虽然很累，但在一周内完成工作很开心。
it is+形容词+to do sth. 是固定句型，it作形式主语，真正的主语是不定式to finish。finish是动词原形，consider意为“考虑”，不符合“完成工作”的句意。
148．句意：最后一晚，雨下得很大。
此处需要副词修饰动词rained，heavily意为 “猛烈地”，符合“雨下得大”的语境。successful成功的，形容词、successfully成功地，副词、heavy重的，形容词均不符合修饰动词的要求或语境。
149．句意：气温接近零度。
根据上下文“rained”“woke up”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，主语temperature是单数，be动词用was。are/were是复数形式，is是一般现在时，均不符合要求。
150．句意：现在，我认为我的内心比过去更强大了。
much后接形容词比较级，结合经历困难后成长的语境，stronger更强大的，符合文意。smaller更小的、small小的、strong强壮的，原级，均不符合语境或语法要求。
151．C
【解析】句意：一个男人在收银台拿出手机扫描二维码。收银员说：“支付成功。”推断：这个男人刚刚为他的东西付款。
根据情境中“checkout counter”（收银台）、“scans a QR code”（扫描二维码）以及“Payment successful”（支付成功）可知，该男子完成了支付行为。paid for his things符合题意。故选C。
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/ 让学习更有效 期中备考培优 | 英语学科
2025-2026学年八年级下册英语期中复习考点培优仁爱科普版
（新教材）专题02 语法选择
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
Yuan Longping, the Father of Hybrid Rice, was born in Beijing in 1930. 1 he graduated from college in 1953, he began to work as a teacher in a rural middle school. There he saw many people go hungry and he made up his mind to study rice growing. He worked 2 day and night to develop hybrid rice.
In 1973, Yuan Longping and his team developed hybrid rice 3 countless difficulties. From then on, he threw 4 into the research of improving rice production. The Chinese people 5 always proud of his great work. It has helped millions of people around the world out of hunger.
He passed away in 2021 at 6 age of 91. But his spirit of hard work and kindness still 7 young people in China and all over the world. Yuan Longping once said, “My dream is to make rice plants as tall as sorghum, and rice grains as big as peanuts.” His love for the people was deep in his heart. Someone said he could become much richer if he sold his rice technology, but he 8 and said, “I just want to help more people have enough to eat.”
He spent his whole life on the farmland, and his 9 is the greatest gift to the world. We can learn a lot from him and make 10 efforts to make our country better.
1．A．After B．Before C．Until
2．A．hardly B．hard C．harder
3．A．through B．across C．past
4．A．him B．his C．himself
5．A．is B．are C．am
6．A．the B．a C．an
7．A．encourage B．encouraged C．encourages
8．A．laughed B．laughing C．to laugh
9．A．succeed B．success C．successful
10．A．much B．some C．more
D．
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
To be a better learner, you need good methods and habits. First, having a 11 study plan is helpful. Second, 12 you use your phone, remember it’s a tool. Don’t let it distract you 13 your work is done. Third, try some 14 apps. They make learning fun. 15 you study, take short breaks. For example, 16 you finish 25 minutes of work, rest for 5 minutes. This is called the Pomodoro Technique. 17 you are taking a break, you can stretch or walk around. But remember, go back to study 18 the break is over. Finally, be patient. You may not see progress immediately, but keep trying 19 you succeed. Learning is a 20 part of life. Enjoy it!
11．A．person B．personal C．personality
12．A．when B．while C．until
13．A．when B．before C．after
14．A．education B．educational C．educator
15．A．After B．While C．Before
16．A．as soon as B．after C．until
17．A．When B．While C．Before
18．A．as soon as B．before C．after
19．A．when B．if C．until
20．A．nature B．natural C．naturally
Every country has its own culture. People in the UK, especially British people, don’t like to say “no” because they think it is rude. But this can be 21 problem for people from other countries. When you don’t agree with someone or something, you learn 22 “no” in English. 23 real life is not always so easy. It’s 24 than you think.
Mark 25 in a tourist shop for 10 years. “British people are the most difficult customers. I have never seen a British person say ‘no’,” said Mark. “If you ask ‘What 26 I do for you ’, they will say ‘Maybe later’, even when they never plan to buy it.” “And when you offer something to 27 , they often say ‘I’m all right, thanks.’ When they say this, they mean that they already get 28 , so it is a way to say ‘no’. Unluckily, ‘all right’ also means ‘yes’. They just use the same words 29 different ways to mean both ‘yes’ and ‘no’!” Mark added.
“However, sometimes it 30 also difficult for British people to say ‘yes’,” said Mark, “When they want to buy something, they don’t say ‘yes’. They say, ‘Sure.’ or ‘Why not ’ It’s so confusing (令人困惑的)!”
21．A．a B．/ C．the D．an
22．A．say B．to say C．saying D．said
23．A．And B．Because C．But D．Or
24．A．easy B．easier C．difficult D．more difficult
25．A．has worked B．worked C．works D．will work
26．A．can’t B．mustn’t C．can D．must
27．A．theirs B．their C．they D．them
28．A．what they want B．what do they want
C．how they want D．how do they want
29．A．at B．on C．of D．in
30．A．were B．are C．is D．was
Qian Xuesen, the father of China’s missiles (导弹), was born in Hangzhou City on December 11th, 1911. 31 he left Shanghai Jiao Tong University in 1934, he went for further study in the United States. There he studied very 32 and at last he became a teacher as well as a researcher in rocket and missile theory (原理).
In 1955, Qian Xuesen returned to China 33 a lot of difficulties. From then on, he threw 34 in developing China’s missile, rocket and spaceship research program. The Chinese people 35 proud of him.
He passed away on October 31st, 2009 at 36 age of 98. But his spirit still 37 Chinese youth today.
Qian Xuesen’s love for his country was expressed in his saying, “My career (事业) is in China, my 38 is in China and my destination (目的地) is in China!” Someone said he could make 39 more money if he stayed in the United States. When he heard that, he 40 and said, “My family name is Qian, but I don’t like qian.”
31．A．Before B．After C．Until
32．A．hard B．harder C．hardly
33．A．past B．across C．through
34．A．him B．his C．himself
35．A．are B．is C．am
36．A．a B．an C．the
37．A．encourage B．encourages C．encouraged
38．A．success B．succeed C．successful
39．A．some B．much C．many
40．A．laughed B．laughing C．to laugh
根据短文内容，从A、B、C三个选项中选出一个语法正确的答案，并把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
I have been learning English since I was 10 years old. I think it was difficult for me. My teacher asked us to copy new words 10 times. It was really 41 bad dream for me. I hated 42 new words and grammar rules. Gradually, learning English became something I disliked. When I was 16 years old, my parents 43 me an iPad. From then on, it became 44 best helper. I could learn English 45 I wanted—on my way home or on the subway. I didn’t fall in love with the language 46 I learnt a lot of interesting words and expressions about it.
At first, I thought the only reason why people learned English was that they wanted to communicate with each other. I didn’t realize the language 47 was the best way to create a strong connection between me and the knowledge of the world. After that, I paid more attention to the language.
Then, I can see a huge improvement in my English skills. The more carefully I study English, the 48 I will be. Thanks to English, I 49 much more about the world around me in recent years. I know there is a long way to go before I can be an excellent English learner, but I will never forget 50 practicing.
41．A．a B．an C．the
42．A．memorize B．memorizes C．memorizing
43．A．buy B．buys C．bought
44．A．me B．my C．mine
45．A．whenever B．whatever C．wherever
46．A．until B．if C．after
47．A．itself B．myself C．themselves
48．A．good B．better C．best
49．A．learn B．learnt C．have learnt
50．A．keep B．to keep C．keeping
The 500-yuan Challenge
Jason really wanted a new guitar. However, when he checked the price tag, his heart sank. It cost 500 yuan, which was a lot of money for a middle school student. His father refused to just hand him the cash. Instead, he suggested Jason learn to manage his finances.
Jason decided to make a plan. He realized that saving money was harder than 51 it. He started by writing down everything 52 he bought. He was surprised to find that he spent too much money on snacks and video games. “If I stop buying these things,” he thought, “I 53 enough money in three months.”
The first week was difficult. When his friends went to the bubble tea shop, Jason hesitated. He wanted to join them, but he remembered his goal. He chose to drink water instead. Sticking to his budget became a habit. He also 54 a way to earn extra money by helping his neighbors walk their dogs.
Time flew by. Three months later, Jason opened his piggy bank. He counted the coins and notes carefully. He had saved 550 yuan! He not only bought the guitar but also 55 a music book. He felt proud because the guitar belonged to him in a special way. He learned that buying things with the money you earn 56 better than spending your parents’ money.
Now, Jason tells his friends how to save money effectively. He knows that 57 you have a clear goal, saving money can become easier. Money is just a tool, and you are the master 58 controls it. It is never too early 59 financial skills. This experience is a treasure 60 can not be bought.
51．A．to spend B．spent C．spending
52．A．what B．that C．which
53．A．have B．will have C．had
54．A．founds B．founded C．found
55．A．buy B．buys C．bought
56．A．feel B．feels C．felt
57．A．unless B．although C．if
58．A．who B．which C．whom
59．A．learn B．learning C．to learn
60．A．who B．that C．what
Money Management for Teens
It’s important for teenagers to learn about money management. First, make a clear spending 61 . This helps you know how much you can spend each month. 62 you have a plan, you might waste money. Second, try to save some money 63 you get your pocket money. 64 you save regularly, you will have money for something big in the future. 65 you are shopping, think twice before buying something expensive. 66 you really need it, don’t buy it. It’s also good to learn about different payment methods, 67 cash, cards, or mobile payments. 68 you understand them, you can use money more wisely. Finally, remember that money is a tool, not a goal. 69 you use it well, it can help you live a better life. Learning about money is an important 70 in growing up.
61．A．act B．plan C．active
62．A．If B．Unless C．When
63．A．as soon as B．before C．until
64．A．If B．Unless C．While
65．A．While B．After C．Before
66．A．If B．Unless C．Because
67．A．as B．like C．for example
68．A．If B．Unless C．Until
69．A．If B．Unless C．While
70．A．part B．section C．rule
请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将对应选项涂黑。
History was one of my favourite subjects. I also did well in other subjects 71 English and maths. My teachers were happy with me, 72 , in the eyes of my classmates, I was a “nerd (书呆子)”.
At first, I didn’t realise things were serious. But one day, I 73 by my classmates’ behaviours. They didn’t want to be in the same group with me at 74 activity. I felt really sad.
I 75 told my parents about that. They told me that people often look at things according to what they’ve learnt. They don’t accept those with different interests. I don’t need 76 about their impolite behaviours.
With my 77 help, I realise that I can’t control what others say or do. I’m not going to change 78 just to make others happy. I know that studying is 79 than anything else for me. I have a big dream of becoming a historian. Though it will take a lot of hard work, I’m not going to let others’ opinions stop me from achieving my dream. I believe I 80 one day.
71．A．in B．for C．like
72．A．but B．and C．or
73．A．is hurt B．was hurt C．hurts
74．A．a B．an C．the
75．A．angry B．angrily C．more angrily
76．A．care B．caring C．to care
77．A．parents B．parents’ C．parent
78．A．I B．my C．myself
79．A．important B．more important C．the most important
80．A．succeeded B．have succeeded C．will succeed
请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
John McKay has always loved flying. One of his earliest memories is taking a plane ride to visit his grandparents.
During the trip, he 81 by the blue sky and white clouds. John knew from then that he wanted to be a pilot. Then he started reading all the information 82 airplanes. How did they stay up in the air What did the inside of a plane’s wings look like
Besides, John studied much 83 than before, because he knew that he would need strong reading, math and communication 84 to be a pilot.
85 John grew older, his love for flight also grew deeper. He worked very hard to get into 86 famous flight school and became a pilot after graduation.
Ten years 87 since John started to work. Now, 88 day starts with pre-flight checks. He has to make sure that the plane is safe, so he’ll do many things 89 it safe. He’ll check the weather conditions to see if any rain, wind or snow will disturb (干扰) the plane. An interesting thing about flying is that the weather at ground level can be 90 different from the weather above the clouds.
Once everything is ready, John will sit down in the cockpit (驾驶舱) with another pilot. It’s time to fly!
81．A．amazed B．is amazed C．was amazed
82．A．about B．up C．to
83．A．hard B．harder C．hardest
84．A．skill B．skills C．skill’s
85．A．Though B．If C．As
86．A．a B．the C．/
87．A．passed B．has passed C．will pass
88．A．he B．him C．his
89．A．keep B．keeping C．to keep
90．A．complete B．completely C．completion
My parents didn’t allow me to dance, because they thought it was a girl’s sport. But I did not give up 91 dream. I practiced alone and learned from books, movies and shows.
One afternoon, 92 I was dancing, my little sister came to my room. She looked so 93 , and I asked, “What’s wrong, Maggie ”
“There will be 94 dancing competition in my school, but none of the boys in my class wants to dance with me. Dennis, I know you are so good 95 dancing. Could you dance with me ” she asked me. “Of course, Maggie.” I said. “Let’s show those 96 they are wrong.”
In the following months, we practiced every evening after my parents went 97 . I was having a fantastic time at that time and also Maggie improved a lot.
Finally, it was the competition day. We 98 successfully and the people cheered for us. After the competition, I saw my parents. I was happy but I did not know 99 . However, my father said, “Well done, my son.” I cried and I thought I was 100 person in the world at that time.
91．A．me B．my C．myself D．I
92．A．before B．until C．while D．after
93．A．sad B．sadly C．hard D．hardly
94．A．an B．the C．a D．/
95．A．at B．of C．in D．on
96．A．boy B．boys C．girl D．girls
97．A．watch B．to watch C．to sleep D．sleep
98．A．danced B．dance C．will dance D．were dancing
99．A．how I should say B．what I should say C．how should I say D．what should I say
100．A．tall B．the tallest C．happy D．the happiest
根据短文内容，从A、B、C三个选项中选出一个语法正确的答案。
Protecting the environment helps prevent many natural disasters. Let’s see how they are connected.
Trees act like natural guards. They hold soil together and help prevent floods. If we cut too many trees, rain can wash away soil 101 , causing floods or mudslides (泥石流). 102 planting more trees is a good way to prevent such disasters.
Rivers and oceans need 103 too. When we throw rubbish or factories 104 wastewater into them, the environment is destroyed (破坏). Healthy oceans can reduce the strength of storms, including typhoons. Clean rivers are less likely to overflow (泛滥) when 105 rains heavily.
The air matters as well. Polluted air changes the weather, making some disasters 106
frequent (频繁的). For example, rising 107 caused by pollution can lead to longer and more severe droughts (干旱).
108 short, protecting the environment means protecting ourselves. Taking care of the environment is the key to 109 natural disasters. Small actions, such as saving water or recycling, can make 110 big difference in keeping us safe. So let’s begin today.
101．A．easy B．easier C．easily
102．A．So B．But C．Because
103．A．carefully B．careful C．care
104．A．pour B．poured C．pouring
105．A．it B．its C．itself
106．A．much B．more C．most
107．A．temperatures B．temperatures’ C．temperature’s
108．A．At B．In C．For
109．A．prevent B．prevented C．preventing
110．A．a B．an C．the
When I was in Grade 8, I had a heated argument (激烈的争吵) with my classmate, Tony. I don’t remember the reason for the argument, 111 I will never forget what I learned that day.
Our teacher brought 112 to the front of the class. Then she put Tony on the side of her desk and me on the other. In the middle of her desk was 113 large box. It was black. The teacher asked us 114 the colour of the box. To my surprise, Tony answered “white”. I couldn’t 115 it. He was so wrong! Another argument started between Tony and me.
The teacher told us to change our position (位置). We changed places, and I 116 to tell the colour of the box. I had to answer, “White.” It 117 a box with two different colours on each side. “ 118 , now, what do you say ” The teacher smiled at us. My teacher 119 me a very important lesson that day.
When you disagree 120 other people, you should learn to think like he or she does. That will help you look at things through their eyes, and understand their ways of thinking.
111．A．or B．but C．so D．and
112．A．us B．we C．our D．ourselves
113．A．/ B．the C．an D．a
114．A．to mix B．mix C．to say D．say
115．A．receiving B．receive C．believing D．believe
116．A．ask B．am asked C．asked D．was asked
117．A．is B．was C．are D．were
118．A．Boys B．Boy C．Girls D．Girl
119．A．will teach B．is teaching C．taught D．was teaching
120．A．on B．with C．towards D．in
阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，使短文连贯完整。
I have a dog and his name is Coco. I like 121 dog very much. Yesterday I walked him after school. Suddenly I had a stomachache (肚子痛) while we 122 in a park. I rushed to the restroom and ordered him to wait for 123 outside. But after I came out, Coco was not there. I 124 so worried that I asked every person in the park. 125 , one of them told me that he saw a dog walking around in the central part of the park. But after I arrived, I just saw a notice 126 the ground.
I knew Coco 127 by a man. But it was not convenient for him 128 outside for a long time, so he had to leave his address on the notice. Twenty minutes later, I reached the man’s house. The man brought Coco out. Then he told me not to let the dog walk around alone. He said that most 129 would get hurt when they were alone.
When we keep a pet, it’s our responsibility to take care of it. If everyone follows the rules, our community will become 130 and more comfortable than before.
121．A．/ B．the C．a D．an
122．A．were playing B．are playing C．play D．played
123．A．I B．my C．myself D．me
124．A．are B．were C．am D．was
125．A．Final B．Finally C．Usual D．Usually
126．A．with B．of C．on D．at
127．A．was asked B．asked C．was found D．found
128．A．stay B．to stay C．smile D．to smile
129．A．cat B．cats C．dog D．dogs
130．A．good B．better C．bad D．worse
The first snow in 2021 came today. The weather was cold. But a waiter in a restaurant made me 131 warm. During the break this afternoon, Mr. Lee came into the classroom and told us that school would end 132 than usual, because the snowstorm was on the way.
We made 133 way home at half past three. It began to snow hard when Tom and I 134 along Tongji Street. We shared an umbrella and walked slowly. The snow kept 135 and we almost couldn’t see the road. And we felt 136 cold that we couldn’t stop shivering (哆嗦). Then we decided to walk into a small restaurant and wait there 137 the snow became lighter.
We were not the only people that had the idea of taking shelter (躲避) in the restaurant. There were already 138 people waiting there. The waiter was really kind. He served each of us a cup of hot water 139 a smile. He even said we could use his phone to call our parents. We were deeply moved and asked 140 we could thank him. The waiter kept smiling and said, “It doesn’t matter. I feel great when I can help others.”
131．A．feel B．felt C．feeling
132．A．early B．earlier C．earliest
133．A．us B．ourselves C．our
134．A．walks B．walk C．were walking
135．A．fall B．falling C．to fall
136．A．so B．enough C．too
137．A．though B．until C．because
138．A．few B．little C．a few
139．A．with B．for C．on
140．A．why B．what C．how
Last year, I decided to do something to help others. I used the Internet and found the Wildlife Service (野生动物保护协会). Two months later, 141 went to the northeast of China. I was very scared when I 142 of living with quite a few new people for two months. However, 143 we talked for half an hour, my worries went away. Everyone was so friendly and that made me feel at ease.
I went to the National Forest for my first 8-day trip. We had to take everything we needed and walk three 144 to the workplace. It may not seem like a long way but on such 145 hot day and with a heavy bag, my legs were on fire.
My job was to clean a way full 146 leaves in the mountain. Although I was tired, I was happy 147 the job in only one week. On the last night, it rained 148 . I woke up at midnight and found a “swimming pool” in my tent. The temperature 149 close to zero. My body kept shaking in the only dry part of my tent at the rest of the night!
Although I met a lot of difficulties, they brought out the best in me. Now, I think I have a much 150 heart than I used to have.
141．A．me B．I C．mine D．myself
142．A．thought B．think C．will think D．am thinking
143．A．or B．so C．after D．although
144．A．mile B．miles C．meter D．meters
145．A．a B．an C．the D．/
146．A．in B．at C．among D．of
147．A．finish B．to finish C．consider D．to consider
148．A．successful B．successfully C．heavy D．heavily
149．A．are B．were C．is D．was
150．A．smaller B．small C．stronger D．strong
二、单项选择
151．情境：A man takes out his phone and scans a QR code at the checkout counter. The cashier says, “Payment successful.”
推断：The man just ________.
A．took a picture B．made a phone call
C．paid for his things D．checked his messages
/ 让学习更有效 期中备考培优 | 英语学科
/ 让学习更有效 期中备考培优 | 英语学科
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
参考答案及试题解析
1．A 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．B 6．A 7．C 8．A 9．B 10．C
【导语】本文介绍了“杂交水稻之父”袁隆平的生平事迹、科研贡献与崇高精神，号召人们向他学习。
1．句意：1953年他大学毕业之后，他开始在一所农村中学当老师。
After在……之后；Before在……之前；Until直到。根据“he graduated from college in 1953, he began to work as a teacher in a rural middle school.”可知，此处表达的是时间上的先后顺序，应该是大学毕业之后开始当老师，故选A。
2．句意：他日夜努力工作以培育杂交水稻。
hardly几乎不；hard努力地；harder更努力地。根据“day and night to develop hybrid rice”可知，此处表达的是努力工作，用副词hard修饰动词work，故选B。
3．句意：1973年，袁隆平和他的团队克服了无数困难，培育出了杂交水稻。
through通过；across穿过；past经过。根据“countless difficulties”可知，此处表达的是“克服困难”，through difficulties表示“经历 / 克服困难”，故选A。
4．句意：从那时起，他全身心投入到提高水稻产量的研究中。
him他，人称代词宾格；his他的，形容词性物主代词；himself他自己，反身代词。根据“From then on, he threw...into the research of improving rice production.”可知，此处表达的是“全身心投入”，英语是throw oneself into，故选C。
5．句意：中国人民一直为他的伟大工作感到自豪。
is是，主语是单数或不可数名词；are是，主语是复数或第二人称；am是，主语是第一人称I。根据“The Chinese people...always proud of his great work.”可知，主语是复数名词“The Chinese people”，be动词用are，故选B。
6．句意：他于2021年去世，享年91岁。
the定冠词，表特指；a一个，不定冠词，表泛指，用于辅音音素开头的单词前；an一个，不定冠词，表泛指，用于元音音素开头的单词前。根据“age of 91”可知，此处表达的是“在……岁时”，英语是“at the age of”，故选A。
7．句意：但他勤奋善良的精神仍然鼓舞着中国乃至全世界的年轻人。
encourage鼓励，动词原形；encouraged鼓励，过去式；encourages鼓励，动词三单形式。根据“But his spirit of hard work and kindness still...young people in China and all over the world.”可知，句子陈述的是客观事实，用一般现在时，主语是单数名词“spirit”，谓语动词用三单形式，故选C。
8．句意：有人说，如果他出售他的水稻技术，他可以变得更富有，但他笑着说：“我只是想帮助更多的人有足够的食物吃。”
laughed笑，过去式；laughing笑，现在分词或动名词；to laugh笑，动词不定式。根据“and said”可知，and连接两个并列的谓语动词，后面是said，此处也用过去式，故选A。
9．句意：他把一生都花在了农田里，他的成功是给世界最好的礼物。
succeed成功，动词；success成功，名词；successful成功的，形容词。根据“his...is the greatest gift to the world”可知，此处表达的是“成功”，在句中作主语，用名词形式，故选B。
10．句意：我们可以从他身上学到很多东西，并更加努力地使我们的国家变得更好。
much许多；some一些；more 许多。根据“make... efforts to make our country better.”可知，此处表达的是“更加努力”，efforts是可数名词的复数形式，make more efforts表示“付出更多努力”，故选C。
11．B 12．A 13．B 14．B 15．B 16．B 17．B 18．A 19．C 20．B
【导语】本文讲述了一些成为更好学习者的建议，包括制定个人学习计划、合理使用手机、尝试教育类应用、合理安排休息时间、保持耐心等。
11．句意：首先，制定一个个人学习计划是有帮助的。
此处修饰名词study plan，需用形容词，表示“个人的学习计划”，应用personal。
12．句意：第二，当你使用手机时，记住它只是一个工具。
表示“当……时候”，且从句用一般现在时，主句为祈使句，强调动作同时发生，应用when。
13．句意：在你的工作完成之前，不要让它分散你的注意力。
此处表示“工作完成前不要分心”，应用before。
14．句意：第三，尝试一些教育类应用。
此处修饰名词apps，需用形容词，表示“教育类的应用”，应用educational。
15．句意：在你学习时，要短暂休息。
从句为现在进行时，While“当……时”后接进行时或持续性动作，应用While。
16．句意：例如，你完成25分钟的工作后，就休息5分钟。
根据上下文，此处表示“完成工作后立即休息”，应用after。
17．句意：当你休息时，你可以伸展或四处走动。
从句为现在进行时，while专门搭配进行时，表动作持续期间，应用While。
18．句意：但是记住，休息一结束就要回去学习。
表示“一……就……”的结构，应用as soon as。
19．句意：你可能不会立即看到进步，但是继续尝试直到你成功。
根据语境，应是继续尝试直到成功，应用until“直到”。
20．句意：学习是生活中自然的一部分。
此处修饰名词part，需用形容词，表示“自然的一部分”，应用natural。
21．A 22．B 23．C 24．D 25．A 26．C 27．D 28．A 29．D 30．C
【导语】本文主要讲述了英国人因为觉得说“不”不礼貌，所以会用其他委婉的表达方式来代替，这给其他国家的人带来了困惑。
21．句意：但这对于来自其他国家的人来说可能是一个问题。
此处表示泛指“一个问题”，problem以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。an用于元音音素开头的单词前，the表示特指，零冠词通常用于复数或不可数名词泛指，均不符合此处语法。
22．句意：当你不同意某人或某事时，你学会了用英语说“不”。
learn to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“学习做某事”，应用动词不定式to say。say为动词原形、saying为动名词、said为过去分词，均不能用于此结构。
23．句意：但现实生活并不总是那么简单的。
前文说学会了说“不”，后文说现实没那么简单，前后为转折关系，应用But。And表示顺承、Because表示原因、Or表示选择，均不符合逻辑。
24．句意：这比你想象的更难。
根据下文英国人用其他表达代替“不”可知，实际情况比想象中更难，应用more difficult。easy“容易的”、easier“更容易的”、difficult“困难的”均不符合比较级和语义的双重要求。
25．句意：马克在一家旅游商店工作了10年。
根据“for 10 years”及语境，表示从过去持续到现在的动作，应用现在完成时has worked。worked为一般过去时、works为一般现在时、will work为一般将来时，均无法体现持续至今的含义。
26．句意：如果你问“我能为你做什么？”
在服务行业询问顾客需要什么帮助时，应用can表示“能够”。can’t“不能”、mustn’t“禁止”、must“必须”均不符合服务用语的习惯表达。
27．句意：当你向他们提供某物时，他们常说“我没事，谢谢。”
动词offer后接代词作宾语，应用宾格them。theirs为名词性物主代词、their为形容词性物主代词、they为主格，均不能作宾语。
28．句意：当他们说这话时，意思是他们已经得到了他们想要的东西。
宾语从句中应用陈述语序，what they want表示“他们想要的东西”。what do they want为疑问语序、how they want意为“他们想要的方式”、how do they want为疑问语序，均不符合语法。
29．句意：他们只是用同样的词以不同的方式来表达“是”和“不”！
in different ways为固定搭配，意为“以不同的方式”，应用介词in。at、on、of均不能与ways构成此搭配。
30．句意：然而，有时英国人也很难说“是”。
主语it为第三人称单数，描述一般情况应用一般现在时，应用is。were用于复数或第二人称、are用于复数或第二人称、was用于单数过去时，均不符合主谓一致和时态要求。
31．B 32．A 33．C 34．C 35．A 36．C 37．B 38．A 39．B 40．A
【导语】本文介绍了钱学森的事迹。
31．句意：1934 年，他从上海交通大学毕业之后，前往美国深造。
Before在……之前；After在……之后；Until直到。根据“he went for further study in the United States”可知，此处是说从上海交通大学毕业之后。故选B。
32．句意：在那里，他勤奋学习，最终成为了一名火箭和导弹理论方面的教师以及研究者。
hard努力；harder更努力；hardly几乎不。根据“at last he became a teacher as well as a researcher in rocket and missile theory (原理)”可知，他在学校里学习很努力。故选A。
33．句意：1955年，钱学森克服重重困难回到了中国。
past过去；across横穿；through通过，跨越。根据“Qian Xuesen returned to China”可知，钱学森克服困难，回到了中国。故选C。
34．句意：从那时起，他全身心投入到中国导弹、火箭和宇宙飞船的研究项目中。
him他，人称代词宾格；his他的，形容词性或名词性物主代词；himself他自己，反身代词。根据“in developing China’s missile, rocket and spaceship research program”可知，此处是说他全身心投入到这些研究当中，throw oneself into“投身于”。故选C。
35．句意：中国人民为他感到骄傲。
are是，系动词，主语为you或复数；is是，系动词，主语为第三人称单数；am是，系动词，与人称代词I连用。主语“The Chinese people”表示复数，故选A。
36．句意：他于2009年10月31日去世，享年98岁。
a不定冠词，表示泛指，用于以辅音音素开头的单词前；an不定冠词，表示泛指，用于以元音音素开头的单词前；the定冠词，表示特指。根据“age of 98”可知，此处是说在98岁时去世，at the age of“在……岁时”。故选C。
37．句意：但他的精神至今仍激励着中国的年轻人。
encourage鼓励，为动词原形；encourages鼓励，为encourage的第三人称单数；encouraged鼓励，为动词encourage的过去式。根据“But his spirit still”可知，此句用一般现在时，主语“his spirit”为第三人称单数，此处用第三人称单数。故选B。
38．句意：我的事业在中国，我的成功在中国，我的归宿也在中国！
success成功，名词；succeed成功，动词；successful成功的，形容词。句中“my”为形容词性物主代词，此处应用名词，故选A。
39．句意：有人曾说，如果他留在美国，能赚到更多的钱。
some一些；much很多，修饰不可数名词；many很多，修饰复数名词。根据“if he stayed in the United States”可知，此处是说如果他留在美国，会更很多钱，“money”为不可数名词，用much修饰。故选B。
40．句意：当他听到这话时，他笑了笑说：“我家姓钱，但我不喜欢‘钱’。”
laughed大笑，为laugh的过去式；laughing大笑，为laugh的现在分词；to laugh大笑，为动词不定式。根据“When he heard that”可知，此句用一般过去时，故选A。
41．A 42．C 43．C 44．B 45．C 46．A 47．A 48．B 49．C 50．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者学习英语的经历和感悟。
41．句意：对我来说，这真是一个糟糕的梦。
a一个，用于辅音音素开头的单词前；an一个，用于元音音素开头的单词前；the这个，特指。根据“It was really...bad dream for me”可知，此处泛指“一个糟糕的梦”，且“bad”以辅音音素开头，故选A。
42．句意：我讨厌记忆新单词和语法规则。
memorize记忆，动词原形；memorizes记忆，动词第三人称单数；memorizing记忆，动名词或现在分词。“hate”后接动名词形式，表示“讨厌做某事”，故选C。
43．句意：我16岁时，父母给我买了一台iPad。
buy买，动词原形；buys买，动词三单形式；bought买，动词过去式。根据“When I was 16 years old”可知，此处描述过去的事情，需用过去式，故选C。
44．句意：从那时起，它成了我最好的帮手。
me我，宾格；my我的，形容词性物主代词；mine我的，名词性物主代词。根据“best helper”可知，此处需用形容词性物主代词修饰“helper”，故选B。
45．句意：我可以在任何我想学英语的地方——在回家的路上或在地铁上。
whenever无论何时；whatever无论什么；wherever无论哪里。根据“on my way home or on the subway”可知，强调“任何地点”都能学习，故选C。
46．句意：直到我学到了许多有趣的单词和表达，我才爱上英语。
until直到；if如果；after在……之后。根据“I didn’t fall in love with the language…I learnt a lot…”可知，此处为“not…until”结构，表示“直到……才”，故选A。
47．句意：我没有意识到语言本身是连接我与世界知识的最佳方式。
itself它自己；myself我自己；themselves他们自己。根据“the language…was the best way”可知，此处指“语言本身”，故选A。
48．句意：我越认真学习英语，我就会越好。
good好的；better更好的；best最好的。根据“The more carefully I study English, the…”可知，此处为“the+比较级，the+比较级”结构，故选B。
49．句意：多亏了英语，近年来我对周围的世界有了更多的了解。
learn学习，动词原形；learnt学习，动词过去式；have learn已经学习，现在完成时。根据“in recent years”可知，强调过去动作对现在的影响，需用现在完成时，故选C。
50．句意：我知道要成为一名优秀的英语学习者还有很长的路要走，但我会永远记得坚持练习。
keep保持，动词原形；to keep保持，动词不定式；keeping保持，动名词或现在分词。根据“but I will never forget...practicing.”可知，强调的是以后不会忘记坚持练习，所以用forget to do sth结构。故选B。
51．C 52．B 53．B 54．C 55．C 56．B 57．C 58．A 59．C 60．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了Jason为了购买一把500元的吉他，通过制定预算、减少不必要的开支并赚取外快，最终成功攒够钱并学到宝贵理财经验的故事。
51．句意：他意识到存钱比花钱更难。
to spend花费，不定式；spent花费，过去式；spending花费，动名词。根据“than”可知，前后是比较结构，比较的对象是“saving money”和“...it”，两者应为平行结构，都用动名词形式，此处指“花钱”，应用“spending”。故选C。
52．句意：他开始把他买的每件东西都记下来。
what什么；that引导定语从句，指物/人；which引导定语从句，指物。空后“he bought”为定语从句，修饰先行词“everything”，先行词为不定代词时，关系词只能用“that”。故选B。
53．句意：“如果我不再买这些东西，”他想，“三个月后我就有足够的钱了。”
have有，原形；will have将有，一般将来时；had有，过去式。根据“If I stop...”和“in three months”可知，这是对将来情况的假设，主句应用一般将来时。故选B。
54．句意：他还找到了一种通过帮邻居遛狗来赚取额外收入的方法。
founds建立；founded建立（过去式）；found找到，发现（过去式）。根据“a way to earn extra money”可知，是“找到”了一种方法，且事情发生在过去，应用“found”。故选C。
55．句意：他不仅买了吉他，还买了一本音乐书。
buy买，原形；buys买，三单；bought买，过去式。根据“He not only bought the guitar but also...”的并列结构可知，此处也应用一般过去时“bought”。故选C。
56．句意：他学到了用自己赚的钱买东西比花父母的钱感觉更好。
feel感觉，原形；feels感觉，三单；felt感觉，过去式。主语“buying things”为动名词短语，视为单数，且描述一般事实，应用一般现在时，动词需用三单形式“feels”。故选B。
57．句意：他知道如果你有一个明确的目标，存钱就会变得更容易。
unless除非；although尽管；if如果。根据“you have a clear goal, saving money can become easier”可知，前后为条件关系，应用“if”引导条件状语从句。故选C。
58．句意：金钱只是一个工具，而你是控制它的主人。
who指人，关系代词，作主语；which指物，作主语/宾语；whom指人，作宾语。空后“controls it”为定语从句，修饰先行词“master”，关系词在从句中作主语，指人应用“who”。故选A。
59．句意：学习理财技能永远不嫌早。
learn学习，原形；learning学习，动名词；to learn学习，不定式。根据“It is never too early”可知，句型“It is never too early to do sth.”意为“做某事永远不嫌早”，应用不定式“to learn”。故选C。
60．句意：这段经历是一笔买不到的财富。
who指人；that指人或物；what什么。空后“cannot be bought”为定语从句，修饰先行词“treasure”，关系词在从句中作主语，指物应用“that”。故选B。
61．B 62．B 63．A 64．A 65．A 66．B 67．B 68．A 69．A 70．A
【导语】本文为青少年提供了几条实用的金钱管理建议，包括制定预算、养成储蓄习惯、理性消费以及理解不同支付方式等。
61．句意：首先，制定一个清晰的支出计划。
“spending”后需要一个名词作宾语，表示“计划”，且为可数名词单数，应用plan。act作名词侧重单次具体动作，active为形容词，均不符合“支出计划”的语境。
62．句意：如果你没有计划，你可能会浪费钱。
这是一个条件句，表示“如果不……就会……”。Unless 意为“除非，如果不”，和前文“要做消费计划、知道每月能花多少”完全一致。If表示“如果”，与原文逻辑相反；When表示时间，不符合“没有计划就会浪费钱”的逻辑。
63．句意：其次，当你一拿到零花钱时，就尽量存一些钱。
存钱的动作应与拿到零花钱同时或之后发生，应用as soon as，表示“一……就……”。before“在……之前”和until“直到……”均不符合时间逻辑。
64．句意：如果你定期储蓄，将来你就有钱买大件东西。
前后句为条件关系，表示“如果”定期储蓄，就会有结果，应用If。Unless“如果不”意思相反，While“当……时”强调同时发生，均不符合条件关系。
65．句意：当你购物时，买贵重物品前要三思。
空格引导时间状语从句，表示“当……时”，应用While。After“在……之后”和Before“在……之前”均不符合此处“购物时”的语境。
66．句意：如果你不是真的需要它，就不要买。
这是一个否定条件句，与第二空类似，表示“除非……否则不……”。Unless 意为“除非”，符合“只有在你真的需要的情况下才买”的逻辑。If与原文逻辑相反，Because表示原因，不符合“不需要就不买”的逻辑。
67．句意：了解不同的支付方式也很好，例如现金、卡或移动支付。
空格后为举例，应用like表示“例如”。as作介词意为“作为”，for example需加逗号后接句子，均不符合此处直接举例的用法。
68．句意：如果你理解它们，你就能更明智地使用钱。
前后句为条件关系，表示“如果”理解就能用好，应用If。Unless“如果不”意思相反，Until“直到……”不符合条件逻辑。
69．句意：如果你用好它，它能帮助你过上更好的生活。
前后句为条件关系，表示“如果”用好就有好结果，应用If。Unless“如果不”意思相反，While“当……时”不表条件，均不符合。
70．句意：学习金钱管理是成长过程中的重要部分。
学习金钱管理是成长中的“一部分”，应用part。section指整体中的一部分，rule指规则，均不如part贴合“组成部分”的语境。
71．C 72．A 73．B 74．B 75．B 76．C 77．A 78．C 79．B 80．C
【导语】本文讲述了“我”因成绩好被同学视为“书呆子”而受排斥，在父母开导下，“我”意识到无需在意他人看法，坚持学习追求成为历史学家的梦想的故事。
71．句意：我其他科目也学得很好，比如英语和数学。
根据“English and maths”可知，此处是在举例说明其他学得好的科目，like“比如”符合语境。in“在……里面”、for“为了”均不符合举例的语境。
72．句意：我的老师们对我感到满意，但是，在同学们眼中我是个“书呆子”。
上文提到老师对“我”满意，下文说同学认为“我”是书呆子，前后是转折关系，but“但是”符合。and“和”表并列；or“或者”表选择，均不符合语境。
73．句意：但是有一天，我被同学们的行为伤害了。
根据“by my classmates’ behaviours”可知，“我”是被伤害，要用被动语态，且文章整体是一般过去时，所以用一般过去时的被动语态was hurt。is hurt是一般现在时的被动语态；hurts是一般现在时的主动语态，均不符合。
74．句意：在一项活动中，他们都不想和我在同一组。
此处表示泛指“一项活动”，activity以元音音素开头，用不定冠词an。a用于辅音音素开头的单词前；the是定冠词，表特指，均不符合。
75．句意：我生气地把这件事告诉了我的父母。
此处要用副词修饰动词told，angrily“生气地”符合。angry“生气的”是形容词；more angrily是比较级，此处没有比较的语境，均不符合。
76．句意：我不需要在意他们不礼貌的行为。
need to do sth.“需要做某事”，是固定搭配，所以用to care。care是动词原形；caring是现在分词，均不符合。
77．句意：在父母的帮助下，我意识到我无法控制别人说什么或做什么。
根据“They told me...”可知，这里是父母两人，用复数parents。parent是单数，parents’为所有格形式，均不符合。
78．句意：我不会仅仅为了让别人开心而改变自己。
此处表示“改变自己”，用反身代词myself。I“我”是主格；my“我的”是形容词性物主代词，均不符合。
79．句意：我知道学习对我来说比任何其他事情都更重要。
根据“than”可知，此处要用比较级more important。important是原级；the most important是最高级，均不符合。
80．句意：我相信有一天我会成功的。
根据“one day”可知，此处表示将来会成功，用一般将来时will succeed。succeeded是一般过去时；have succeeded是现在完成时，均不符合。
81．C 82．A 83．B 84．B 85．C 86．A 87．B 88．C 89．C 90．B
【导语】本文讲述了约翰·麦凯从小热爱飞行，通过努力学习和训练，最终成为一名飞行员的故事。
81．句意：在旅途中，他被蓝天白云所震撼。
前文提到这是他小时候的一次旅行，描述的是过去发生的事情，且主语he与amaze之间为被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态。was amazed符合语境。
82．句意：然后他开始阅读所有关于飞机的信息。
后文提到飞机如何在空中停留、机翼内部是什么样子，可知这些信息是关于飞机的。about“关于”符合语境；up向上、to到均不符合。
83．句意：此外，约翰比以前学习更努力了。
后文提到因为他知道成为一名飞行员需要很强的阅读、数学和沟通能力，可知他学习更刻苦了。than提示此处应用比较级。harder“更努力地”符合语境；hard原级、hardest最高级均不符合。
84．句意：因为他知道成为一名飞行员需要很强的阅读、数学和沟通技能。
前文提到reading, math and communication，可知这些是多项技能，应用复数形式。skills“技能”符合语境；skill单数、skill’s所有格均不符合。
85．句意：随着约翰渐渐长大，他对飞行的热爱也更加深厚。
前文提到他小时候的梦想，后文提到长大后热爱加深，此处表示时间的伴随。As“随着”符合语境；Though虽然、If如果均不符合。
86．句意：他非常努力地进入了一所著名的飞行学校，毕业后成为了一名飞行员。
后文提到flight school为可数名词单数，此处泛指“一所著名的飞行学校”，应用不定冠词a。a符合语境；the表示特指、/零冠词不符合。
87．句意：自从约翰开始工作以来，十年已经过去了。
前文提到他毕业后成为飞行员，后文描述现在的工作日常，时态为现在时，since引导的时间状语从句主句应用现在完成时。has passed“已经过去”符合语境；passed一般过去时、will pass将来时均不符合。
88．句意：现在，他的一天从飞行前检查开始。
后文提到他检查天气等，可知是“他的”一天。his“他的”符合语境；he他（主格）、him他（宾格）均不符合。
89．句意：他必须确保飞机是安全的，所以他会做很多事情来保证它的安全。
前文提到确保飞机安全，后文提到检查天气等，这些是目的。to keep“为了保持”作目的状语，符合语境；keep动词原形、keeping现在分词均不符合。
90．句意：飞行的一件有趣的事情是，地面层的天气可能与云层上方的天气完全不同。
后文提到different from，此处需要副词修饰形容词different。completely“完全地”符合语境；complete完全的（形容词）、completion完成（名词）均不符合。
91．B 92．C 93．A 94．C 95．A 96．B 97．C 98．A 99．B 100．D
【导语】本文讲述主人公Dennis热爱跳舞，父母起初不支持，认为跳舞是女孩的运动，但他坚持梦想，后来陪妹妹参加校园舞蹈比赛并获得认可，最终收获父母理解的励志故事。
91．句意：但我没有放弃我的梦想。
空后为名词dream，需用形容词性物主代词修饰，my意为“我的”符合语境；me为人称代词宾格，I为主格，myself为反身代词，均不能修饰名词。
92．句意：一天下午，当我正在跳舞的时候，我的妹妹来到了我的房间。
while引导时间状语从句，强调主句动作发生在从句延续动作进行期间，从句常用进行时态；before在……之前，until直到，after在……之后，不符合语境。
93．句意：她看起来很难过。
look为感官系动词，后接形容词作表语；sad难过的（形容词）符合语境，sadly难过地（副词），hard困难的/努力地，hardly几乎不。结合后文妹妹求助的情节可知她心情低落。
94．句意：我们学校将会有一场舞蹈比赛。
competition是单数可数名词，此处表泛指，dancing以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a；an用于元音音素开头单词前，the表特指。故选C。
95．句意：Dennis，我知道你很擅长跳舞。
固定搭配be good at doing sth.意为“擅长做某事”，为固定介词搭配；of/in/on均无此用法。
96．句意：让我们向那些男孩证明他们是错的。
those后接可数名词复数；结合前文父母认为跳舞是女孩的运动、班里男生不愿跳舞的情节，此处指代那些固执的男孩，boy单数，girl女孩不符合语境。
97．句意：在接下来的几个月里，我们每天晚上在父母入睡后练习。
go to sleep入睡，固定短语；go watch结构错误，结合时间逻辑，父母睡觉后两人才能偷偷练习。
98．句意：我们跳得很成功，人们为我们欢呼。
全文整体为一般过去时，此处谓语动词用过去式danced；dance原形、will dance将来时、were dancing进行时，均不符合时态要求。
99．句意：我很开心，但我不知道该说什么。
宾语从句要用陈述语序，排除C、D疑问语序；what I should say表“我该说什么”，how I should say缺少宾语，结构不完整。
100．句意：那一刻我觉得自己是世界上最幸福的人。
in the world表范围，要用形容词最高级；结合语境父亲夸奖了自己，内心幸福，the happiest最幸福的；tall高的，the tallest最高的，语义不符。
101．C 102．A 103．C 104．A 105．A 106．B 107．A 108．B 109．C 110．A
【导语】本文讲述了环境保护与自然灾害之间的联系，强调保护环境可以预防灾害，呼吁人们采取行动保护地球。
101．句意：如果我们砍太多的树，雨水就可以轻易冲走土壤，造成洪水灾害或泥石流。
easy容易的，形容词；easier更容易的，形容词的比较级；easily容易地，副词。修饰动词短语wash away应使用副词，easy的副词形式为easily。故选C。
102．句意：所以多种树是预防此类灾害的好方法。
So因此，表结果；But但是，表转折；Because因为，表原因。前句说明乱砍滥伐导致灾害，后句提出解决方法，构成因果关系，应用So。故选A。
103．句意：河流和海洋也需要保护。
carefully仔细地，副词；careful认真的，形容词；care关心，名词。need为实义动词，后接名词作宾语。故选C。
104．句意：当我们扔垃圾或工厂将废水倒入河流时，环境就受到破坏了。
pour倾倒，动词原形；poured动词的过去式；pouring动名词。主语factories为复数，一般现在时，谓语用动词原形pour。故选A。
105．句意：干净的河流在暴雨时不易泛滥。
it它，代词，指代上文出现的单数或不可数名词；its它的，形容词性物主代词或名词性物主代词；itself它自己，反身代词。此处it指代天气，作主语。故选A。
106．句意：污染的空气会改变天气，使一些灾害更频繁。
much多的，原级，修饰不可数名词；more更多的，比较级；most最多的，最高级。make+宾语+形容词比较级，frequent的比较级为more frequent。故选B。
107．句意：比如，由污染引起的气温上升可能导致更久更严重的干旱。
temperatures各种温度，名词复数；temperatures’各种温度的，复数名词的所有格；temperature’s温度的，单数名词的所有格。此处需要名词作主语，temperature为可数名词，此处用复数形式temperatures泛指气温。故选A。
108．句意：简而言之，保护环境就意味着保护我们自己。
At在；In在……里；For为了。in short为固定短语，意为“简而言之”。故选B。
109．句意：保护环境是预防自然灾害的关键。
prevent阻止，动词原形；prevented动词的过去式；preventing动名词。the key to中的to为介词，后接动名词preventing。故选C。
110．句意：比如像节约用水，回收利用这样的小小的举动可以在保护我们自己安全这件事上产生很大的影响。
a一个，不定冠词；an一个，不定冠词，用于元音音素开头的单词；the定冠词，表特指。make a difference为固定搭配，意为“有影响；起作用”。故选A。
111．B 112．A 113．D 114．C 115．D 116．D 117．B 118．A 119．C 120．B
【导语】本文讲述了作者在八年级时与同学发生争执，老师通过一个两面颜色不同的盒子让他们明白换位思考的重要性。
111．句意：我不记得争吵的原因，但我永远不会忘记那天学到的东西。
前文说不记得原因，后文说不会忘记学到的东西，前后为转折关系，应用but。or表示选择、so表示因果、and表示顺承，均不符合逻辑。
112．句意：我们的老师把我们带到班级前面。
动词brought后接代词作宾语，应用宾格us。we为主格、our为形容词性物主代词、ourselves为反身代词，均不能作宾语。
113．句意：在她的桌子中间有一个大盒子。
此处表示泛指“一个”大盒子，box以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。an用于元音音素开头的单词前，the表示特指，零冠词通常用于复数或不可数名词泛指，均不符合此处语法。
114．句意：老师让我们说出盒子的颜色。
ask sb. to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“要求某人做某事”，应用动词不定式to say。mix“混合”、to mix、say动词原形均不能用于此结构。
115．句意：我无法相信。
情态动词couldn’t后接动词原形，选项中receive和believe均符合语法。但根据上下文，作者看到盒子是黑色，而Tony回答“白色”，作者认为Tony是错的，此处表达的是“无法相信”Tony所说的颜色，而非“无法收到”某物。believe意为“相信”，receive意为“收到”，believe符合语境。
116．句意：我们交换了位置，我被要求说出盒子的颜色。
根据语境，作者是被老师要求回答，应用一般过去时的被动语态was asked。ask为动词原形、am asked为一般现在时被动、asked为主动形式，均不符合时态和语态。
117．句意：那是一个两边颜色不同的盒子。
描述过去的事实，主语It为第三人称单数，应用一般过去时was。is为现在时、are用于复数、were用于复数或第二人称，均不符合主谓一致和时态要求。
118．句意：孩子们，现在你们怎么说？
老师称呼全班学生，应用复数形式Boys，此处用boys泛指“孩子们、同学们”。Boy单数、Girls和Girl均不能泛指包含男女生在内的全班同学。
119．句意：那天我的老师给我上了非常重要的一课。
描述过去发生的动作，应用一般过去时taught。will teach为将来时、is teaching为现在进行时、was teaching为过去进行时，均不符合语境。
120．句意：当你与别人意见不同时。
disagree with为固定搭配，意为“不同意、与……意见不合”，应用介词with。on、towards、in均不能与disagree构成此搭配。
121．B 122．A 123．D 124．D 125．B 126．C 127．C 128．B 129．D 130．B
【导语】本文讲述了作者带宠物狗Coco外出时，因肚子痛暂时离开，导致Coco被好心人发现并送回的故事，强调了照顾宠物的责任，以及遵守规则能让社区更美好。
121．句意：我非常喜欢这只狗。
此处特指前文提到的自己的狗Coco，用定冠词the。/（零冠词）、a（泛指）、an（泛指，用于元音音素开头）均不符合语境。
122．句意：昨天放学后我带它散步。我们在公园里玩耍时，我突然肚子痛。
while引导时间状语从句，强调“正在做某事时”，且事件发生在过去，用过去进行时were playing。are playing（现在进行时）、play（一般现在时）、played（一般过去时）均不符合语法。
123．句意：我冲进洗手间，命令它在外面等我。
介词for后接宾格，指代“我”用me。I（主格）、my（形容词性物主代词）、myself（反身代词）均不符合语法。
124．句意：我非常担心，以至于问了公园里的每一个人。
主语I是第一人称单数，且事件发生在过去，be动词用was。are（复数/you）、were（复数过去式）、am（单数现在时）均不符合语法。
125．句意：最后，其中一个人告诉我，他看到一只狗在公园中央走来走去。
表示“最后”用副词Finally。Final（形容词）、Usual（形容词）、Usually（副词，通常）均不符合语境。
126．句意：但当我到达时，我只看到地上有一张通知。
表示“在地上”用介词on the ground。with（和）、of（……的）、at（在……小地点）均不符合该搭配。
127．句意：我知道Coco被一个人发现了。
Coco是“被发现”，用被动语态was found。was asked（被要求）、asked（主动问）、found（主动发现）均不符合逻辑。
128．句意：但他不方便在外面待很长时间，所以他不得不在通知上留下地址。
固定句型it is not convenient for sb. to do sth.表示“某人不方便做某事”，“待在外面”用to stay。stay（原形）、smile（微笑）、to smile（不定式微笑）均不符合语法和语境。
129．句意：他说大多数狗在独自行动时会受伤。
most后接可数名词复数，且文章讲的是狗，应选用dogs。cat（猫单数）、cats（猫复数）、dog（狗单数）均不符合语境。
130．句意：如果每个人都遵守规则，我们的社区会变得比以前更好、更舒适。
than before表示比较，且“更舒适”对应“更好”，用比较级better。good（原级）、bad（原级，坏的）、worse（比较级，更坏的）均不符合语境。
131．A 132．B 133．C 134．C 135．B 136．A 137．B 138．C 139．A 140．C
【导语】本文讲述了作者和同学在雪天放学路上因雪大而进入一家小餐馆躲避，餐馆服务员善良地为大家提供热水并让使用电话，作者深受感动的故事。
131．句意：但是一家餐馆的服务员让我感到温暖。
feel感觉，动词原形；felt感觉，动词过去式；feeling感觉，现在分词或动名词。根据“made me”可知，此处是make sb do sth“让某人做某事”，所以此处使用动词原形。故选A。
132．句意：今天下午休息时，李老师走进教室，告诉我们学校会比平时早放学，因为暴风雪就要来了。
early早地，副词原级；earlier更早地，副词比较级；earliest最早地，副词最高级。根据“than usual”可知，此处使用副词比较级。故选B。
133．句意：我们三点半就回家了。
us我们，人称代词宾格；ourselves我们自己，反身代词；our我们的，形容词性物主代词。根据“way”可知，此处使用形容词性物主代词，make one’s way“前往”。故选C。
134．句意：当我和汤姆沿着同济街走的时候，天开始下起了大雪。
walks步行，动词三单形式；walk步行，动词原形；were walking正在步行，过去进行时。根据“It began to snow hard”可知，此处使用过去进行时，表示过去正在发生的动作。故选C。
135．句意：雪一直下着，我们几乎看不见路了。
fall落下，动词原形；falling落下，现在分词或动名词；to fall落下，动词不定式。根据“kept”可知，keep doing sth“一直做某事”。故选B。
136．句意：我们感到很冷，忍不住发抖。
so如此；enough足够地；too太。根据“cold that we couldn’t stop shivering”可知，此处是so...that...“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句。故选A。
137．句意：然后我们决定走进一家小餐馆，在那里等到雪变小。
though虽然；until直到；because因为。根据“the snow became lighter”可知是等到雪变小，此处使用until引导时间状语从句。故选B。
138．句意：已经有一些人在那里等着了。
few很少，修饰可数名词复数；little很少，修饰不可数名词；a few一些，修饰可数名词复数。根据“people”是可数名词复数，且根据“We were not the only people that had the idea of taking shelter (躲避) in the restaurant.”可知他们不是唯一想到在餐馆躲避的人，已经有一些人在那里了，此处表示肯定意义，所以使用a few。故选C。
139．句意：他微笑着给我们每人端来一杯热水。
with和；for为了；on在上面。根据“a smile”可知，此处使用with，表示“带着微笑”。故选A。
140．句意：我们深受感动，问我们该如何感谢他。
why为什么；what什么；how如何。根据“we could thank him”可知是询问该如何感谢他，此处表示方式，所以使用how。故选C。
141．B 142．A 143．C 144．B 145．A 146．D 147．B 148．D 149．D 150．C
【导语】本文讲述了作者去年参加野生动物保护协会的志愿活动，在东北林区经历了长途跋涉、恶劣天气等种种困难，最终磨砺出更强大内心的成长故事，告诉我们困难能让人变得更坚韧。
141．句意：两个月后，我去了中国东北。
此处需要主格形式在句中作主语，I是主格，符合语法要求。me是宾格，mine是名词性物主代词，myself是反身代词，均不能单独作主语。
142．句意：当我想到要和很多陌生人一起生活两个月时，我非常害怕。
根据上下文“Last year”“was”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，动词需用过去式thought。think是原形，will think是一般将来时，am thinking是现在进行时，均不符合时态要求。
143．句意：然而，在我们聊了半小时之后，我的担忧消失了。
after表示“在……之后”，引导时间状语从句，符合“聊天后担忧消失”的逻辑。or表“或者/否则”，so表“所以”，although表“虽然”，均不符合语境逻辑。
144．句意：我们必须带上所有必需品，步行三英里去工作地点。
基数词three后接可数名词复数，结合后文“my legs were on fire”的疲惫感，这里要填miles“英里”，步行三英里更符合长途跋涉的语境；meter/meters距离过短，不符合情境。
145．句意：这看起来不算远，但在这么炎热的一天，背着沉重的背包，我的腿都像着火了一样。
such+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数是固定结构，hot以辅音音素开头，用a。an用于元音音素开头的单词前，the表特指，此处不表特指。
146．句意：我的工作是清理山里满是落叶的路。
full of是固定搭配，意为“充满……”，符合“满是落叶的路”的语境。in在……里、at在……、among在……之间均不能与full构成此搭配。
147．句意：虽然很累，但在一周内完成工作很开心。
it is+形容词+to do sth. 是固定句型，it作形式主语，真正的主语是不定式to finish。finish是动词原形，consider意为“考虑”，不符合“完成工作”的句意。
148．句意：最后一晚，雨下得很大。
此处需要副词修饰动词rained，heavily意为 “猛烈地”，符合“雨下得大”的语境。successful成功的，形容词、successfully成功地，副词、heavy重的，形容词均不符合修饰动词的要求或语境。
149．句意：气温接近零度。
根据上下文“rained”“woke up”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，主语temperature是单数，be动词用was。are/were是复数形式，is是一般现在时，均不符合要求。
150．句意：现在，我认为我的内心比过去更强大了。
much后接形容词比较级，结合经历困难后成长的语境，stronger更强大的，符合文意。smaller更小的、small小的、strong强壮的，原级，均不符合语境或语法要求。
151．C
【解析】句意：一个男人在收银台拿出手机扫描二维码。收银员说：“支付成功。”推断：这个男人刚刚为他的东西付款。
根据情境中“checkout counter”（收银台）、“scans a QR code”（扫描二维码）以及“Payment successful”（支付成功）可知，该男子完成了支付行为。paid for his things符合题意。故选C。
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