【期中考点培优】专题12 短文填空-2025-2026学年八年级下册英语期中复习考点培优仁爱科普版（新教材）（含答案解析）
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| 名称 | 【期中考点培优】专题12 短文填空-2025-2026学年八年级下册英语期中复习考点培优仁爱科普版（新教材）（含答案解析） |
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| 格式 | docx | ||
| 文件大小 | 275.5KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 试卷 | ||
| 版本资源 | 仁爱科普版 | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2026-04-08 00:00:00 | ||
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/ 让学习更有效 期中备考培优 | 英语学科
/ 让学习更有效 期中备考培优 | 英语学科
2025-2026学年八年级下册英语期中复习考点培优仁爱科普版
（新教材）专题12 短文填空
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
阅读短文，在空白处填入不多于2个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通畅、连贯。
In Shanghai, ride-hailing (网约车) drivers are drawing attention for their language skills. Many can speak more than four languages, so it is 1 (easy) for foreigners to travel around now than before.
These drivers learn words and expressions for daily use. Through study, they master plenty of languages by 2 (they) to communicate with foreigners. This not only helps them feel more comfortable but also 3 (avoid) misunderstandings.
The ability to speak different languages is 4 (especial) useful at busy places like the airport or places of interest. Drivers can explain traffic rules, recommend popular restaurants, or share local customs (当地习俗) by using simple 5 (sentence). “My simple language is often enough to make a trip go well. 6 sometimes I still have to use translation apps (翻译软件) to satisfy other difficult-to-understand needs,” said Wang Feng, 7 driver from Pudong, Shanghai.
This effort shows Shanghai’s openness as a modern city. By 8 (build) language bridges, drivers not only provide a well-liked service but also make visitors feel welcome. This helps the city connect with the world 9 a friendly way. It is important 10 (master) a foreign language.
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
To be a successful learner, you need to develop good habits. First, you must learn how to take useful notes in class. Don’t try to write down every word the teacher says. Just note the key points. After class, it’s important to 11 (go) over your notes as soon as possible. This helps you remember the information better.
Second, never be afraid of 12 (make) mistakes. Mistakes are part of learning. When you find a mistake, correct it and try to understand 13 you made it. This way, you won’t repeat the same mistake next time.
Third, use different 14 (resource) to help you learn. You can read books, 15 (search) for information on the Internet, or watch educational videos. The digital age 16 (offer) us many tools to make learning easier and more interesting.
Fourth, find a study group. 17 (discuss) things with classmates can help you understand difficult topics. You can also learn from 18 (they) ideas and methods.
Finally, always believe in 19 (you). Learning can be challenging, but if you stick 20 your goals and keep trying, you will make progress day by day.
阅读下面短文, 根据语境或所给单词的提示, 在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词, 要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确, 使短文意思完整、行文连贯。
Reading is a wonderful activity and can bring us many benefits. When we read, we develop the 21 (able) to explore new worlds, to accept new ideas and to acquire new knowledge.
Reading helps improve our language skills. By reading different books, we can learn new ideas and 22 (think). We can even grow to be 23 (master) of beautiful sentences and expressions. What’s more, reading can develop our imagination. We can picture the stories in our minds 24 we read. We can also become much 25 (wise) by reading. Moreover, reading is a good way to relax. After a long day of study, we can enjoy a good book to get away 26 stress. If we have difficulty finding a peaceful mind, why don’t we get down to 27 (read)
Reading is a kind of personal experience. Instead of reading difficult books, we can start with books that interest us, such as 28 (poem) or history books. The 29 (true) is that every book has something valuable to offer. So, take a step 30 , pick up a book and start reading now！
阅读下面短文,根据语境或所给单词的提示,在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词,要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确,使短文意思完整、行文连贯。
English was a great challenge for me. I was afraid of speaking in English class because I seldom made myself 31 (understand). I wanted to be as active as 32 (other) but I was at a loss about how to improve my situation. My teacher noticed this. She advised me to find a way to make 33 for the lack (缺乏) of an English-speaking environment. 34 this purpose, I joined an English corner. Before each activity, I usually prepared a short speech and remembered it 35 heart. And I often tried to speak 36 (aloud) and expressed myself clearly. To learn new words and sentences, I took 37 (note) carefully in class. If I didn’t understand them, I kept asking the teacher or checking the dictionary 38 I did. I worked hard and made progress every day. After months of 39 (effort), I even could make a speech in English fluently (流畅地). I realised that we can achieve what we want through hard work and with 40 strong will.
阅读短文，根据语境或所给单词提示，在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。
Learning is a wonderful journey that can make us grow up day by day. It helps us understand the world 41 (well) and open our eyes to new things. We should not see learning as a burden, but as 42 great chance to improve ourselves.
Most people, 43 the lazy ones, know that learning is not only about reading textbooks. It’s about building different 44 (ability) to solve problems and face challenges in life. The real meaning of learning is not in getting high grades, 45 in learning how to learn.
46 (discuss) with others is a good way to learn. When we talk about our ideas with classmates or teachers, we can get new thoughts and see things from different sides. Every step in learning needs hard 47 (work), whether it’s thinking about a difficult problem for a long time or 48 (practice) a skill again and again.
In the end, learning 49 (shape) our character and makes us better people. It teaches 50 (we) to be patient, to keep trying and to enjoy the joy of progress. As long as we stick to learning, our life will be more meaningful and colorful.
根据Activity 1主题语境，在空白处填入一个适当的单词，使短文意思完整、通顺。
How can we make our learning more effective Last week, our class 51 a speech on this topic. The speaker gave us many tips. First, he said we should always 52 clear notes in class. This helps us remember key points. Then, he suggested that we should 53 for more information online after class to deepen our understanding. He also shared his own experience of 54 to cook when he was in college. He said connecting learning with life skills makes knowledge stick. Finally, he reminded us that whenever we 55 an experiment or 56 a difficult class, we should ask “how” questions, like 57 to analyze results or 58 to understand complex concepts. I 59 a lot from this speech. I think the most important thing I learned is 60 to connect different learning activities together to build a complete picture.
阅读短文，根据情景或所给单词提示，在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。
Last term, I faced many 61 (difficult) in English—I could hardly remember new words and understand listening texts. My English teacher Miss Li noticed this and gave me some 62 (use) advice. She told me to keep a notebook and 63 (write) down new words in it every evening. She also said I should 64 (copy) the whole sentences with new words to learn their correct uses.
Following her advice, I 65 (listen) to English texts every morning and 66 (repeat) them until I could learn them 67 (good). To improve my oral English, I even 68 (join) a study group with my classmates. We 69 (share) our learning materials and talked in English every week.
After three months of hard work, I saw great 70 (improve). Now I’m not afraid of English anymore. I know that as long as I stick to learning English, I will get better and better.
阅读下面短文，根据语境或所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。
Money is something we use every day to buy things. Each country has 71 (it) own money, and 72 (give) its money a special name.
In Australia, the money is called the Australian dollar. It has 73 (color) notes with pictures of animals, like kangaroos. When you go 74 (shop) in Australia, you need to pay in Australian dollars.
In India, people use the rupee. One rupee is divided 75 100 paise, but paise coins are not used much now. 76 you visit India, you will see many rupee notes in different 77 (size).
The pound sterling is the currency of the UK. People often call it the pound for short. A pound is worth more than a dollar, so you get 78 (few) pounds when you change dollars into pounds.
79 (learn) about different currencies is useful, 80 (especial) when you travel. It helps you know how much things cost and how to count money correctly.
阅读短文，在文中空白处填入1个适当的单词或用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。
Last summer, I visited Mount Huangshan. It’s such an 81 (excite) experience that I’ll never forget it.
The journey started early in the morning. I took a taxi and made 82 (I) way to the mountain. The air was fresh, and the scenery (风景) along the way was beautiful. As I reached the foot of the mountain, I saw many visitors 83 home and abroad. They carried big bags and cameras, ready to take great photos.
Some people chose to take the cable car 84 it could save time and energy. But I decided to climb the mountain on my own. There were lots of 85 (step), and sometimes the path was steep (陡峭的). However, they didn’t stop me 86 (climb). I took breaks along the way 87 (admire) the views. The mountain was covered with green trees and rocks in strange shapes. I also saw some monkeys playing in the trees.
When I finally arrived at the top, I saw a wonderful sea of clouds, and the sun was shining brightly. It felt like I was in 88 watercolour painting.
Through the journey, I not only enjoyed the beauty of nature but also 89 (fall) in love with climbing. It’s really one of the 90 (good) adventures I’ve ever had!
阅读下面短文, 根据语境或所给单词的提示, 在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词, 要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确, 使短文意思完整、行文连贯。
Li Jiang was from a village. His parents made money by selling bamboo 91 (basket).Though the money they made was not even enough to satisfy their basic 92 (need), his parents still worked hard to support his studies at the university. When his teacher knew his family’s condition, the teacher told Li Jiang that many 93 (university) could help students like him through a program. Li Jiang joined the program and 94 (borrow) money from the government to pay for his university education.
After his 95 (graduate), he became a teacher. He saved his salary (工资) and gradually paid 96 the money he borrowed for university. He believed the loan (贷款) not only paid for his education but also taught him to manage his money. What’s more, he learned to be responsible 97 himself and society as well. Now, he sticks to making 98 budget every month. And he never spends money on 99 (necessary) things. He is 100 (thank) for the government’s help and he decides to work hard and care for others, and he does so.
阅读短文，用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。
Good morning, everyone. Welcome to today’s Cool History for Teenagers. What is money When people pay for goods or services, they use some 101 (kind) of money. We can find money in museums all over the world. But do you know how money has 102 (develop) over time
Before people used money, they traded goods 103 (direct). For example, a person might trade a cow for five sheep. In this case, the cow 104 (use) as a form of “money”. People in ancient China invented shell money. Even today we can see the symbol of “shell” in many Chinese 105 (character) about money or trade.
During the Spring and Autumn Period, each state made their own money. Later, Emperor Qin Shihuang brought together all the warring states and 106 (create) the Qin Dynasty. To make doing business 107 (easy) across the country, he made the whole country use the same type of money—a round coin with a square hole in the center. With such a hole, people could put the money together with a rope and carry them around 108 (easy).
Centuries later, when there was less metal for 109 (make) money, the government of the Song Dynasty started to produce paper money—“liang”. Now, as information technology develops, people begin to use digital money. What will money look like in the future Money will surely continue 110 (exist) in some form.
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Hong Kong is a wonderful place. It is one of the 111 (busy) cities in the world. Since it came back to China, it has 112 (develop) in a rapid way. Every day, thousands of tourists travel to this lively city. If you go to Hong Kong, amusement parks are not to be missed. You will surely have 113 unusual experience there. Another famous place is the Hong Kong Ocean Park. You can see sea animals there, like dolphins jumping out of the water and 114 (colour) fish swimming around.
People in Hong Kong can mostly speak both Chinese 115 English, and they are friendly. I once went to Hong Kong. During that trip, I got lost and asked an old lady 116 help. However, she didn’t know the way either. I was so 117 (worry) that I was almost going to cry. As I stood there, she immediately took out her phone and called her husband to ask for 118 (direct). Then she walked with me for a long time until I found my way. I am really thankful for her 119 (kind).
Hong Kong is really a fantastic place and I look forward to 120 (visit) it again in the future.
阅读下面短文, 根据语境或所给单词的提示, 在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词, 要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确, 使短文意思完整、行文连贯。
Have you been to a money museum What 121 (type) of money do you know You may say 122 (coin) and banknotes. But do you know that in ancient times, there were many different forms 123 money
At first, people traded goods 124 (direct). They used natural products such as shells, feathers, and animals like hens and 125 (sheep). On a small island in Micronesia, people used stones as money. Shell money was first 126 (use) in ancient China.
With the 127 (develop) of our society, people began to use goods like salt, grains (谷物) and cloth (布) to trade .Can you guess what kind of money you can eat Yes, it’s cheese! In northern Italy, people would use their cheese as security when they 128 (borrow) money from a bank. Later, to make doing business 129 (easy), people began to use metal as money. Gold was a major one. In ancient China, gold was not only wealth (财富) but also 130 symbol of power.
Do you know any other types of money
阅读下面短文，按照句子结构和上下文连贯要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中的词语的正确形式填空。
Nowadays, many people prefer to use mobile phones for 131 (pay). It is very convenient and fast. 132 you don’t need to carry cash or cards. However, we must remember to keep our 133 (person) information safe. In the past, people used different things like shells or cows 134 a form of money. Today, digital money is becoming more popular because of the rapid 135 (develop) of technology.
If you want to save money, you can start by 136 (put) coins into a piggy bank. Even small 137 (amount) can add up over time. My mother always tells me to think 138 (two) before buying something expensive. 139 I follow her advice, I can keep a good balance between spending and saving. I believe that if we save every coin, we can 140 (achieve) our dreams one day.
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词,或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
Wang Haoze, a member of the Shenzhou 19 mission, is China’s first woman space flight engineer. She was born in 1990. During her college years, she was at 141 top of her class. She even represented (代表) her school in sports competitions. She 142 (influence) by a professor and decided to join the spacecraft research community.
After 143 (finish) her studies, Wang became a member of a group which aims at researching rocket engines in Beijing. Faced with new 144 (challenge), she enjoyed learning and overcoming difficulties. Hard work always pays off. The first product designed by Wang was praised by a famous expert. She 145 (slow) became the backbone of her team.
Three years later, Wang and 17 men were chosen 146 China’s third batch of astronauts. 147 she faced many challenges, she had never considered stopping.
As for her first journey, Wang said, “We 148 (practise) so many times on the ground for many years. Flying to the space station to see 149 it looks like is my dream. I like floating (漂浮) inside Tiangong 150 (experience) the excitement of weightlessness.
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Lucy is an eight-year-old girl who likes to ride a bike. One day when she was riding her bike in the backyard (后院) 151 herself, a terrible thing happened. Her bike hit a big rock. Lucy 152 (fall) onto the ground and hurt her head.
Luckily, Lucy’s father took first aid classes before, 153 he knew how to deal 154 the situation. First, he examined Lucy. She seemed well, but he knew he needed 155 (put) something cold on her head to make the swelling (肿胀处) smaller. So he got her inside the house 156 (quick) and put some ice on her head. He cleaned the wound (伤口), added some medicine and then covered it 157 a bandage. Lucy lay in bed and tried to get some sleep.
After 158 (take) breaks for a short time, the swelling became much 159 (good) , but Lucy started to vomit (呕吐). Her parents took her to the hospital at once. “I have learnt that we should ask the doctor for help if a child vomits after he hurts his head,” Lucy’s dad said. The doctor took her temperature, got 160 X-ray and stayed with her overnight. The next day, the doctor said Lucy could leave hospital and that soon, she could go outside and ride her bike again.
In our daily lives, it’s necessary to learn first aid and take care of others like Lucy’s father. Let’s start to learn from now on.
阅读下面的材料，在空白处填入1个适当的词或括号内所给单词的正确形式。
I used to be a very lazy kid. I liked staying at home. I hardly ever did 161 (activity) outside. I spent most of my time 162 (watch) TV or playing video games at home. My parents often said, “Why not go out 163 (play) sports with your friends ” One day, I decided to try playing basketball in the neighborhood and then I found it 164 (interest) to play with my family. 165 (surprise), I made great progress in a short time.
After that, I started playing basketball with my friends. It was so interesting. We often met up after school and played for hours. I also joined the basketball team, which helped me improve my skills.
Playing sports not only helped me stay healthy, but also 166 (teach) me some important life skills, such as teamwork. I learned that 167 (win) isn’t everything. And it’s important to respect each other and have fun.
As I kept playing basketball, I began to feel more confident 168 made more friends. I also started to notice that I was able to do much 169 (well) in class than before. Playing basketball has made 170 big difference to my life and I will keep on staying active and healthy.
阅读下面短文，根据语境或所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词或所给词的适当形式，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。
Natural disasters like earthquakes, sandstorms and hurricanes happen around us all 171 time. They can be very 172 (harm), so we must learn how to protect 173 (we) when they come.
First, we should prepare 174 emergency kit at home. In the kit, we need to put enough food and clean water, a 175 (flashlight), a first-aid kit and some other useful things. We should check the kit 176 (often) than before to make sure everything is in good condition.
Second, we need to learn correct ways to deal with different disasters. If an earthquake happens, we should hide under a strong desk 177 (quick) when we are indoors. If you are outdoors, find an open area and stay away 178 tall buildings and trees. The 179 (careful) you act, the safer you will be.
Third, we should take part in safety training at school. It can help us put our knowledge into practice. We should also pay attention to the early warning, 180 it can help us get ready for the disaster in time.
What’s more, we should take action 181 (fight) against the bad effects of natural disasters. For example, we can plant more trees to stop sandstorms. The more trees we plant, the 182 (good) the environment will be.
Last but not least, we should stay calm when a disaster comes. A terrible superstorm may break our houses, but if we face it 183 (brave), we can get over the hard time. No one knows 184 a disaster will come, but if we are always well-prepared, we can survive the disaster 185 (successful).
请认真阅读下面短文，填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
I work in a cleaning company. Usually people call us, and we provide house cleaning service.
One day, I got a call from David. “I want to help 186 old man who lives next door. Can I pay for it without letting him know ” he asked. David was a very kind man. He called us because he was worried about one of his 187 (neighbor), Mr. Smith. Mr. Smith just came back 188 the hospital. His house was in a mess, but he couldn’t do any housework. Even sweeping the floor 189 (be) difficult for him. No one could help him because he lived by 190 (he). He didn’t tell his children because he didn’t want them to worry about him. David wanted to help Mr. Smith without bringing him any stress. And then we asked David 191 would happen if Mr. Smith would refuse to let us come into his house. “I have to at least try, and anyway, I 192 (true) want to help him,” he said. Luckily, Mr. Smith let us in and our workers did a good job. Mr. Smith was touched by the gift from someone he didn’t know.
Sometimes we don’t expect 193 (depend) on others, because we are afraid of letting them get into trouble. 194 , there is always someone who cares for you and 195 (try) his best to help you.
阅读短文，用括号中所给词的适当形式填空或填入合适的词。
Natural disasters harm the environment, break down houses, and even cause deaths 196 large numbers. A heatwave can kill fish and sea plants, so people have 197 (little) seafood. Human activities can bring 198 natural disasters. The burning of coal can lead 199 global warming. Global warming can cause longer and more serious heatwaves and more serious rainstorms. We should try 200 (we) best to prevent natural disasters. We should also learn how to protect 201 (we) in natural disasters.
After a disaster, some people may not be physically hurt 202 might feel sad, scared or helpless. It is important to find ways to deal 203 these feelings. First, one should know that it is normal to experience such feelings after a disaster. Allow yourself 204 (feel) and accept these feelings. Second, try to share your feelings with your parents. You will feel better after 205 (talk) with them.
/ 让学习更有效 期中备考培优 | 英语学科
/ 让学习更有效 期中备考培优 | 英语学科
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参考答案及试题解析
1．easier 2．themselves 3．avoids 4．especially 5．sentences 6．But/However 7．a 8．building 9．in 10．to master
【导语】本文介绍了上海网约车司机掌握多门语言的现象，说明这一技能不仅方便了外国游客出行，也展现了上海作为国际化大都市的开放与友好。
1．句意：许多人会说超过四门语言，所以现在外国人出行比以前更容易了。“than”是比较级的标志，easy的比较级是easier。
2．句意：通过学习，他们掌握了多种语言来和外国人交流。此处用反身代词表示“他们自己”，they的反身代词是themselves。
3．句意：这不仅让他们感觉更自在，也避免了误解。“not only…but also…”连接并列谓语，helps是一般现在时第三人称单数，avoid也用第三人称单数形式avoids。
4．句意：说不同语言的能力在机场或景点等繁忙场所尤其有用。此处用副词修饰形容词useful，especial的副词形式是especially。
5．句意：司机可以用简单的句子解释交通规则、推荐热门餐厅或分享当地习俗。“simple”后接可数名词复数，sentence的复数形式是sentences。
6．句意：我的简单语言通常足以让旅途顺利，但有时我仍然需要用翻译软件来满足其他难以理解的需求。前后两句存在转折关系，用But/However，句首首字母大写。
7．句意：来自上海浦东的司机王峰说。此处表示泛指“一名司机”，driver以辅音音素开头，故填a。
8．句意：通过搭建语言桥梁，司机们不仅提供了受欢迎的服务，也让游客感到受欢迎。“by”是介词，后接动名词，build的动名词形式是building。
9．句意：这帮助这座城市以一种友好的方式与世界连接。“in a friendly way”是固定搭配，表示“以一种友好的方式”，故填in。
10．句意：掌握一门外语很重要。“It is + 形容词 + to do sth.”是固定句型，表示“做某事是……的”，故填to master。
11．go 12．making 13．why 14．resources 15．search 16．offers 17．Discussing 18．their 19．yourself 20．to
【导语】本文介绍了成为成功学习者应培养的五个好习惯。
11．句意：下课后，尽快复习笔记很重要。go over“复习”，固定搭配，不定式结构to后面加动词原形。故填go。
12．句意：第二，永远不要害怕犯错。介词of后面加动名词形式making。故填making。
13．句意：当你发现一个错误时，纠正它，并试着理解你为什么犯这个错误。根据“understand...you made it”可知，是理解为什么犯错，用why“为什么”引导宾语从句。故填why。
14．句意：第三，使用不同的资源来帮助你学习。resource“资源”，different修饰用可数名词复数形式。故填resources。
15．句意：你可以读书、在互联网上搜索信息或观看教育视频。search“搜索”，情态动词can后面加动词原形。故填search。
16．句意：数字时代为我们提供了许多工具，使学习更容易、更有趣。主语The digital age为单数，时态为一般现在时，谓语动词用三单形式offers“提供”。故填offers。
17．句意：与同学讨论事情可以帮助你理解困难的话题。discuss“讨论”，作主语用动名词形式discussing，句首字母大写。故填Discussing。
18．句意：你也可以学习他们的想法和方法。修饰名词ideas，用they的形容词性物主代词their“他们的”。故填their。
19．句意：最后，永远相信自己。根据“believe in...”可知，是相信自己，用you的反身代词yourself“你自己”。故填yourself。
20．句意：学习可能具有挑战性，但如果你坚持你的目标并不断尝试，你每天都会取得进步。stick to“坚持”，固定搭配。故填to。
21．ability 22．thoughts 23．masters 24．when 25．wiser 26．from 27．reading 28．poems 29．truth 30．forward
【导语】本文阐述了阅读的诸多益处，包括培养能力、提升语言技能、拓展思维、放松身心等，呼吁大家行动起来开始阅读。
21．句意：当我们阅读时，我们培养探索新世界、接受新思想和获取新知识的能力。the后接名词，able的名词形式是ability。
22．句意：通过阅读不同的书，我们可以学习新思想和想法。and连接并列成分，与ideas对应，think的名词复数形式是thoughts。
23．句意：我们甚至可以成长为优美句子和表达的掌握者。be后接名词，master表示“大师、能手”，此处用复数形式masters。
24．句意：当我们阅读时，我们可以在脑海中描绘故事。此处表示“当……的时候”，引导时间状语从句，故填when。
25．句意：通过阅读，我们也能变得更有智慧。much修饰形容词比较级，wise的比较级是wiser。
26．句意：在一整天的学习后，我们可以享受一本好书来远离压力。get away from是固定搭配，表示“远离”。
27．句意：如果我们难以平静下来，为什么不开始阅读呢？get down to doing sth.是固定搭配，表示“开始做某事”，read的动名词形式是reading。
28．句意：我们可以从感兴趣的书开始，比如诗歌或历史书。or连接并列名词，poem的复数形式是poems。
29．句意：事实是每本书都能提供一些有价值的东西。The后接名词，true的名词形式是truth。
30．句意：所以，向前迈一步，拿起一本书现在就开始阅读吧！take a step forward是固定搭配，表示“向前迈一步”。
31．understood 32．others 33．up 34．For 35．by 36．aloud 37．notes 38．until/till 39．efforts 40．a
【导语】本文以第一人称讲述了作者克服英语学习困难、提升口语能力的个人经历。
31．句意：我害怕在英语课上发言，因为我很少能让别人听懂我的话。“make oneself + 过去分词”是固定结构，表示“使自己被……”，这里指“让自己被别人理解”，应用understand的过去分词understood。
32．句意：我想和其他人一样活跃，但我不知道如何改善现状。as...as others 表示 “和其他人一样……”，other作代词时用复数others指代“其他同学”。
33．句意：她建议我想办法弥补英语环境的缺失。make up for是固定短语，意为“弥补”，符合“弥补缺乏英语环境”的语境。
34．句意：为了这个目的，我加入了英语角。For this purpose是固定表达，意为“为了这个目的”，句首首字母大写。
35．句意：每次活动前，我通常会准备一段简短的演讲并背下来。by heart是固定短语，意为“牢记、背熟”。
36．句意：我经常试着大声说话，清晰地表达自己。aloud是副词，修饰动词“speak”，speak aloud表示“大声说”，固定搭配。
37．句意：为了学习新单词和句子，我在课堂上认真记笔记。take notes是固定短语，意为“做笔记”，应用复数形式notes。
38．句意：如果我不懂，我会一直问老师或查字典，直到我弄懂为止。“... I did”表示“直到我弄懂为止”，应用until/till引导时间状语从句。
39．句意：经过数月的努力，我甚至能流利地用英语演讲了。months of efforts表示 “数月的努力”，effort此处用复数efforts强调多次、持续的努力。
40．句意：我意识到，通过努力和坚强的意志，我们可以实现自己想要的东西。空格后“will”为可数名词，意为“意志”，应用不定冠词表泛指，且“strong”以辅音音素开头，应用a修饰。
41．better 42．a 43．even 44．abilities 45．but 46．Discussing 47．work 48．practicing 49．shapes 50．us
【导语】本文围绕“学习”这一主题展开。
41．句意：它帮助我们更好地了解世界，开阔我们的眼界去接受新事物。此处指更好地了解世界，应用副词well的比较级better“更好地”，修饰动词understand。
42．句意：我们不应该把学习看作是一种负担，而应该把它看作是提升自我的一个好机会。此处泛指一个好机会，great以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。
43．句意：大多数人，甚至那些懒惰的人，都知道学习不仅仅是阅读课本。此处指大多数人甚至那些懒惰的人，副词even“甚至”符合句意。
44．句意：它是关于培养不同的能力来解决生活中的问题和面对挑战。根据“different”可知，此处应用名词ability“能力”的复数形式abilities。
45．句意：学习的真正意义不在于取得高分，而在于学会如何学习。此处应用not...but...“不是……而是……”连接。
46．句意：与他人讨论是学习的好方法。此处应用动名词discussing“讨论”作主语，句首首字母大写。
47．句意：学习的每一步都需要努力，无论是长时间思考一个难题还是一次又一次地练习一项技能。根据“hard”可知，此处应用名词work“努力”，hard work“努力工作”。
48．句意：学习的每一步都需要努力，无论是长时间思考一个难题还是一次又一次地练习一项技能。此处与thinking并列，应用动名词practicing“练习”。
49．句意：最后，学习塑造我们的性格，使我们成为更好的人。根据“makes us better people”可知，句子时态为一般现在时，主语learning为第三人称单数，谓语动词shape“塑造”应用三单形式shapes。
50．句意：它教会我们耐心，不断尝试，享受进步的喜悦。根据“teaches”可知，此处应用人称代词宾格us“我们”作宾语。
51．attended 52．take 53．search 54．learning 55．do 56．have 57．how 58．how 59．learned 60．how
【导语】本文讲述班级开展了一场关于如何高效学习的演讲，分享了记笔记、搜索信息、结合生活等学习方法。
51．句意：上周我们班参加了一场关于这个话题的演讲。结合Activity1短语attend a speech，标志词last week，此处用一般过去时，动词用过去式attended。
52．句意：首先他说我们上课应该记清晰的笔记。结合Activity1短语take notes，情态动词should后接动词原形。
53．句意：然后他建议我们课后应该在网上搜索更多信息。结合Activity1短语search for information，情态动词should后接动词原形。
54．句意：他还分享了在大学学习做饭的经历。结合Activity1短语learn to cook，介词of后接动名词。
55．句意：最后他提醒我们无论何时做实验或上很难的课。结合Activity1短语do an experiment，一般现在时，主语为we，用动词原形。
56．句意：无论何时做实验或上很难的课。结合Activity1短语have a class，一般现在时，主语为we，用动词原形。
57．句意：比如如何分析结果。固定结构疑问词+不定式，表方式，此处用how。
58．句意：或者如何理解复杂的概念。固定结构疑问词+不定式，表方式，此处用how。
59．句意：我从这场演讲中学到了很多。描述过去的动作，用一般过去时，此处指学到了很多，答案为learned。
60．句意：我学到的最重要的事是如何把不同学习活动联系起来。固定结构疑问词+不定式，表方式，此处用how。
61．difficulties 62．useful 63．write 64．copy 65．listened 66．repeated 67．well 68．joined 69．shared 70．improvement
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者上学期在英语学习上遇到困难，并在老师指导下通过多种方法努力练习，最终取得进步的经历，说明了坚持和正确方法的重要性。
61．句意：上学期，我在英语中面临许多困难。many修饰可数名词复数，difficult是形容词，其名词形式为difficulty，复数为difficulties。
62．句意：我的英语老师李老师注意到了这一点，并给了我一些有用的建议。形容词修饰名词advice，use的形容词是useful。
63．句意：她告诉我准备一个笔记本，每天晚上把生词记下来。句中“told me to keep...”为“tell sb. to do sth.”结构，and连接两个并列的不定式结构，后一个不定式可省略to，用原形write。
64．句意：她还说，我应该把包含生词的整个句子抄下来，以学习它们的正确用法。句中“should”为情态动词，后接动词原形。
65．句意：按照她的建议，我每天早上听英语材料，并反复跟读，直到能很好地掌握它们。短文主体时态为一般过去时，描述过去发生的一系列动作，均用一般过去时。listen的过去式为listened。
66．句意：按照她的建议，我每天早上听英语材料，并反复跟读，直到能很好地掌握它们。与小题5并列，描述过去的动作，repeat的过去式为repeated。
67．句意：按照她的建议，我每天早上听英语材料，并反复跟读，直到能很好地掌握它们。此处需用副词修饰动词learn。good是形容词，其副词形式为well。
68．句意：为了提高英语口语，我甚至和同学们一起加入了一个学习小组。描述过去发生的动作，join的过去式为joined。
69．句意：我们每周分享学习材料，并用英语交谈。描述过去发生的动作，share的过去式为shared。
70．句意：经过三个月的努力，我看到了巨大的进步。great修饰名词，improve的名词形式为improvement。
71．its 72．gives 73．colorful 74．shopping 75．into 76．If/When 77．sizes 78．fewer 79．Learning 80．especially
【导语】本文介绍了澳大利亚、印度、英国的货币，以及了解不同货币在旅行中的作用。
71．句意：每个国家都有自己的货币。修饰名词“own money”，要用it的形容词性物主代词形式its，表示“它的”。
72．句意：每个国家都有自己的货币，并赋予其特殊的名称。and连接两个并列的谓语动词，has是一般现在时的第三人称单数形式，因此give也用第三人称单数形式gives。
73．句意：它拥有色彩鲜艳的纸币，上面印有动物图案，比如袋鼠。 修饰名词“notes”，要用color的形容词形式colorful，表示“色彩鲜艳的”。
74．句意：在澳大利亚购物时，你需要用澳元支付。go shopping是固定短语，意为“去购物”，所以填shopping。
75．句意：1卢比等于100派沙，但现在派沙硬币已很少使用了。 divide ... into ... 是固定短语，意为“把……分成……”，这里表示一卢比被分成100派萨，故填into。
76．句意：当你去印度旅游时，会看到许多不同尺寸的卢比纸币。/如果你去印度旅游，会看到许多大小不同的卢比纸币。“you visit India”是一个条件或时间状语，“如果你/当你访问印度时”，可以用If引导条件状语从句，也可以用When引导时间状语从句，所以填If或When。
77．句意：当你去印度旅游时，会看到许多不同尺寸的卢比纸币。/如果你去印度旅游，会看到许多大小不同的卢比纸币。different后接可数名词复数形式，size表示“尺寸；大小”，所以用sizes。
78．句意：1英镑的价值超过1美元，因此用美元兑换英镑时，得到的英镑数量会更少。 根据前文“A pound is worth more than a dollar”可知，当把美元换成英镑时，得到的英镑数量更少，few的比较级是fewer，所以填fewer。
79．句意：了解不同的货币很有用。分析句子结构，“ … (learn) about different currencies”是句子的主语，动词作主语要用动名词形式，所以填Learning。
80．句意：了解不同的货币很有用，尤其是在旅行时。了解不同的货币很有用，尤其是在旅行时。修饰整个句子“when you travel”，要用especial的副词形式especially，表示“尤其；特别”。
81．exciting 82．my 83．from 84．because 85．steps 86．climbing 87．to admire 88．a 89．fell 90．best
【导语】本文讲述作者去年夏天游览黄山的经历，包括沿途风景、登山过程以及登顶后的感受。
81．句意：这是一次如此激动人心的经历，我永远不会忘记。空格后是名词“experience”，需用形容词作定语修饰，表示“令人激动的”，excite的形容词形式是exciting。
82．句意：我打了一辆出租车，向山上出发。“make one’s way to”是动词短语，意为“前往、走向”，主语是I，需用形容词性物主代词my。
83．句意：当我到达山脚时，我看到许多来自国内外的游客。“from home and abroad”是介词短语，意为“来自国内外”，表示来源。
84．句意：有些人选择乘坐缆车，因为这样可以节省时间和精力。空格后是完整的句子，解释选择缆车的原因，需用从属连词because引导原因状语从句。
85．句意：有很多台阶，有时道路很陡峭。“lots of”后需接可数名词复数，step的复数形式是steps。
86．句意：然而，它们并没有阻止我攀登。“stop sb. from doing sth.”是动词短语，意为“阻止某人做某事”，from可省略，故用climbing。
87．句意：我沿途休息来欣赏风景。空格处表示休息的目的，需用动词不定式作目的状语，故用to admire。
88．句意：我感觉自己仿佛置身于一幅水彩画中。“watercolour painting”为可数名词单数，此处表示泛指“一幅”，需用不定冠词a修饰。
89．句意：通过这次旅行，我不仅欣赏了大自然的美景，还爱上了爬山。“not only...but also...”连接并列谓语，时态需与“enjoyed”保持一致，需用一般过去时，fall的过去式是fell。
90．句意：这确实是我有过的最好的冒险之一。“one of the + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数”是固定句型，意为“最……的……之一”，good的最高级是best。
91．baskets 92．needs 93．universities 94．borrowed 95．graduation 96．back 97．for 98．a 99．unnecessary 100．thankful
【导语】本文讲述了李江来自一个村庄，父母靠卖竹篮供他上大学，在老师告知有助学项目后他加入并借款完成学业，毕业后成为教师还钱，还学会理财和负责，他感恩政府帮助并决定努力工作关心他人。
91．句意：他的父母靠卖竹篮赚钱。“bamboo”修饰名词，“basket”为可数名词，此处表示泛指，应用复数形式baskets。
92．句意：尽管他们赚的钱甚至不足以满足他们的基本需求。“basic”为形容词，修饰名词，“need”作为“需求”讲时是可数名词，此处应用复数形式needs。
93．句意：当他的老师知道他的家庭状况后，老师告诉李江许多大学可以通过一个项目帮助像他这样的学生。“many”修饰可数名词复数，“university”的复数形式是universities。
94．句意：李江加入了这个项目，并向政府借钱支付他的大学教育费用。根据“joined”可知，句子时态是一般过去时，所以这里用borrow的过去式borrowed。
95．句意：毕业后，他成为了一名教师。“his”为形容词性物主代词，修饰名词，“graduate”的名词形式是graduation。
96．句意：他存下工资，逐渐还清了为上大学借的钱。“pay back”表示“偿还”，是固定短语，所以这里填back。
97．句意：更重要的是，他学会了对自己和社会负责。“be responsible for”表示“对……负责”，是固定搭配，所以这里填for。
98．句意：现在，他坚持每个月做预算。“budget”为可数名词单数，此处表示泛指“一个预算”，“budget”以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。
99．句意：而且他从不在不必要的东西上花钱。“things”是名词，前面要用形容词修饰，根据语境可知是不必要的东西，所以用necessary的反义词unnecessary。
100．句意：他感谢政府的帮助，他决定努力工作，关心他人，他也确实这么做了。“is”为系动词，后面要用形容词作表语，“thank”的形容词形式是thankful。
101．kinds 102．developed 103．directly 104．was used 105．characters 106．created 107．easier 108．easily 109．making 110．to exist
【导语】本文讲了货币的历史演变，特别是以中国古代货币的发展为主线，展示了货币形式是如何随着时间推移而变化的。
101．句意：当人们为商品或服务付款时，他们会使用一些种类的货币。some后接可数名词复数，kind表“种类”为可数名词，故用复数形式kinds，some kinds of为固定搭配。
102．句意：但是你知道货币是如何随着时间演变的吗？此处为现在完成时，结构为has+过去分词，故填develop的过去分词developed。
103．句意：在人们使用货币之前，他们直接交易商品。此处修饰动词traded，需用副词，故填direct的副词形式directly。
104．句意：在这种情况下，牛被用作一种“货币”形式。主语the cow与动词use是被动关系，且描述过去事件，用一般过去时被动语态，主语为单数，故填was used。
105．句意：即使在今天，我们仍然可以在许多关于金钱或贸易的汉字中看到“贝”的符号。many后接可数名词复数，character表“汉字”为可数名词，故填复数characters。
106．句意：后来，秦始皇将各诸侯国统一起来，建立了秦朝。此处与前面的brought是并列过去谓语，描述过去动作，故填create的过去式created。
107．句意：为了让全国各地的生意做得更容易，他让全国统一使用同一种货币——一枚中间有个方孔的圆形硬币。统一货币后做生意比之前更便捷，暗含比较含义，故填easy的比较级easier。
108．句意：有了这样一个孔，人们可以用绳子把钱串起来，容易地随身携带。此处修饰动词carry，需用副词，故填easy的副词形式easily。
109．句意：几个世纪后，当用于制造货币的金属变少时，宋朝政府开始制造纸币——“两”。介词for后接动词动名词形式，故填make的动名词making。
110．句意：货币肯定将继续以某种形式存在。continue to do sth是固定搭配，表“继续做某事”，符合语境“未来金钱仍会以某种形式继续存在”，故填to exist。
111．busiest 112．developed 113．an 114．colourful 115．and 116．for 117．worried 118．directions 119．kindness 120．visiting
【导语】本文介绍香港是繁华城市，发展迅速，景点丰富，市民友善，作者曾受帮助，期待再次游览。
111．句意：它是世界上最繁忙的城市之一。“one of the + 形容词最高级 + 复数名词”是固定结构，表示“最……之一”，此处为形容词busy的最高级。
112．句意：自从回归中国，它快速发展。“since”引导的时间状语从句，主句用现在完成时，结构为“has + 过去分词”，develop的过去分词为developed。
113．句意：你在那里一定会有一次不寻常的经历。“unusual”以元音音素开头，表达“一次”的含义时，需用不定冠词an。
114．句意：你可以看海洋动物，比如海豚跃出水面和五彩缤纷的鱼游来游去。修饰名词“fish”需要用形容词，colour的形容词形式为colourful。
115．句意：香港人大多会说中文和英文。“both...and...”是固定搭配，表示“……和……都”。
116．句意：我迷路了，向一位老妇人求助。“ask sb. for help”是固定搭配，表示“向某人求助”。
117．句意：我如此担心以至于快要哭了。“so + 形容词 + that...”是固定结构，worry的形容词形式为worried，表示“担心的”。
118．句意：她立刻拿出手机给丈夫打电话问路。“ask for”后接名词作宾语，ask for directions表示“问路”。
119．句意：我非常感谢她的善良。形容词性物主代词“her”后接名词，kind的名词形式为kindness，表示“善意”。
120．句意：我期待未来再次游览它。“look forward to doing sth.”是固定搭配，表示“期待做某事”，此处填动名词。
121．types 122．coins 123．of 124．directly 125．sheep 126．used 127．development 128．borrowed 129．easier 130．a
【导语】本文介绍了货币的演变历史，从古代的物物交换、贝壳、牲畜，到后来的盐、谷物、奶酪、金属等，展现了不同形式货币的发展历程。
121．句意：你知道哪些类型的货币？what后接可数名词复数，type的复数形式是types。
122．句意：你可能会说硬币和纸币。coin是可数名词，和banknotes并列，用复数形式coins。
123．句意：但是你知道在古代有许多不同形式的货币吗？“forms of money”表示“货币的形式”，用介词of。
124．句意：起初，人们直接以物易物。此处用副词修饰动词traded，direct的副词形式是directly。
125．句意：他们使用贝壳、羽毛以及像鸡和羊这样的动物作为天然产品。sheep单复数同形，和hens并列，用复数形式sheep。
126．句意：贝壳货币最早在中国古代被使用。“be used”表示“被使用”，use的过去分词是used。
127．句意：随着社会的发展，人们开始使用盐、谷物和布等物品进行交易。“with the development of…”表示“随着……的发展”，develop的名词形式是development。
128．句意：在意大利北部，人们从银行借钱时会用奶酪作为抵押。故事用一般过去时，borrow的过去式是borrowed。
129．句意：后来，为了让做生意更容易，人们开始使用金属作为货币。暗含与之前的对比，用easy的比较级easier。
130．句意：在中国古代，黄金不仅是财富，也是权力的象征。“a symbol of…”表示“……的象征”，用不定冠词a。
131．paying 132．Because 133．personal 134．as 135．development 136．putting 137．amounts 138．twice 139．If /When 140．achieve
【导语】本文讨论了现代手机支付的便利性，同时也提醒人们注意保护个人信息。
131．句意：如今，许多人更喜欢用手机支付。介词“for”后需接动名词形式。
132．句意：因为你不需要携带现金或卡片。根据“you don’t need to carry cash or cards.”可知，此处为原因状语从句，because意为“因为”，符合语境。
133．句意：然而，我们必须记住要保护我们的个人信息安全。此处需用形容词修饰名词“information”，personal意为“个人的，私人的”，符合语境。
134．句意：过去，人们用不同的东西，比如贝壳或奶牛，作为一种货币形式。“use...as...”是固定搭配，意为“把……用作……”。
135．句意：如今，由于技术的快速发展，数字货币正变得越来越流行。形容词“rapid”后需用名词形式，且“the development of”是常见搭配，意为“……的发展”。
136．句意：如果你想省钱，可以从把硬币放进储钱罐开始。介词“by”后需接动名词形式。
137．句意：即使是小数额，随着时间的推移也会累积起来。“amount”意为“数额”，可数名词，根据“small”判断需用复数形式，“small amounts”表示多个小数额。
138．句意：我妈妈总是告诉我在买贵重物品前要三思。“think twice”是固定短语，意为“再三考虑”。
139．句意：如果我/当我遵循她的建议，我就能在消费和储蓄之间保持良好的平衡。根据“…I follow her advice, I can keep a good balance between spending and saving”可知，此处可引导条件或时间状语从句，表示“如果”或“当……时”。
140．句意：我相信，如果我们节约每一枚硬币，总有一天我们能实现我们的梦想。情态动词“can”后需用动词原形，“achieve dreams”意为“实现梦想”。
141．the 142．was influenced 143．finishing 144．challenges 145．slowly 146．as 147．Though/Although 148．have practised 149．what 150．to experience
【导语】本文讲述了中国神舟十九号任务成员王浩泽的成长经历和成为宇航员的梦想。
141．句意：在大学期间，她是班上的尖子生。根据“at...top of her class”可知，此处是短语“at the top of”，表示“在……的顶端”，所以此处填定冠词the。
142．句意：她受到一位教授的影响，决定加入航天器研究界。根据“by a professor”可知，此处表示“被影响”，用被动语态；结合上下文可知，句子时态是一般过去时，所以此处用一般过去时的被动语态“was influenced”。
143．句意：完成学业后，王成为北京一个致力于研究火箭发动机的小组的成员。根据“After...her studies”可知，此处表示“完成学业后”，“after”是介词，后接动名词作宾语，所以此处填“finish”的动名词形式“finishing”。
144．句意：面对新的挑战，她喜欢学习和克服困难。根据“new”可知，此处表示“新的挑战”，“challenge”是可数名词，此处应用复数形式“challenges”。
145．句意：她逐渐成为团队的中坚力量。根据“became”可知，此处修饰动词，应用副词形式；“slow”的副词形式是“slowly”，表示“逐渐地”。
146．句意：三年后，王和17名男性被选为中国第三批宇航员。根据“chosen...China’s third batch of astronauts”可知，此处表示“被选为中国第三批宇航员”，“be chosen as”表示“被选为……”，所以此处填“as”。
147．句意：尽管她面临许多挑战，但她从未考虑过停止。根据“...she faced many challenges, she had never considered stopping.”可知，前后句是转折关系，且“she faced many challenges”是让步状语从句，所以此处用“Though”或“Although”引导让步状语从句，表示“尽管”。
148．句意：我们在地面上已经练习了很多年很多次。根据“for many years”可知，此处表示“已经练习了很多年”，用现在完成时“have/has done”；主语“We”是复数，所以此处用“have practised”。
149．句意：飞到空间站去看看它是什么样子是我的梦想。根据“...it looks like”可知，此处表示“它是什么样子”，“what”引导宾语从句，在从句中作“looks like”的宾语，所以此处填“what”。
150．句意：我喜欢漂浮在天宫里，体验失重的兴奋。根据“I like floating (漂浮) inside Tiangong...the excitement of weightlessness.”可知，此处表示“体验失重的兴奋”，用动词不定式作目的状语，所以此处填“to experience”。
151．by 152．fell 153．so/and 154．with 155．to put 156．quickly 157．with 158．taking 159．better 160．an
【导语】本文是记叙文，介绍了露西骑车受伤、父亲急救送医的故事，强调学习急救知识的重要性。
151．句意：一天，当她独自在后院骑自行车时，一件可怕的事情发生了。固定搭配by oneself表示“独自地”，符合“Lucy独自在后院骑车”的语境。
152．句意：她的自行车撞到了一块大石头。露西摔倒在地，撞伤了头。全文为一般过去时，fall的过去式是fell，表示“Lucy摔倒在地”。
153．句意：幸运的是，露西的爸爸之前上过急救课，所以他知道该如何处理这种情况。前文“爸爸学过急救”是原因，后文“他知道如何处理”是结果，用so/and表因果顺承。
154．句意：幸运的是，露西的爸爸之前上过急救课，所以他知道该如何处理这种情况。固定搭配deal with表示“处理、应对”，符合“处理这种情况”的语境。
155．句意：她看起来状态不错，但他知道需要用冷敷物敷在她的头上，来消肿。固定结构need to do sth.表示“需要做某事”，因此用不定式to put。
156．句意：于是他迅速把她抱进屋里，在她的头上敷了些冰。修饰动词got要用副词，quick的副词形式是quickly，表示“快速地把她带进屋里”。
157．句意：他清理了伤口，敷了药，然后用绷带把伤口包扎好。固定搭配cover...with...表示“用……覆盖……”，符合“用绷带包扎伤口”的语境。
158．句意：休息了一小会儿后，肿胀消了不少，但露西开始呕吐。介词after后接动名词，take的动名词形式是taking。
159．句意：休息了一小会儿后，肿胀消了不少，但露西开始呕吐。much修饰形容词比较级，good的比较级是better，表示“肿胀好了很多”。
160．句意：医生给她量了体温，拍了一张X光片，并且陪了她一整晚。X-ray以元音音素开头，用不定冠词an，表示“拍了一张X光片”。
161．activities 162．watching 163．to play 164．interesting 165．Surprisingly 166．taught 167．winning 168．and 169．better 170．a
【导语】本文主要通过作者自身从沉迷室内娱乐到主动参与户外运动的转变经历，讲述了运动带来的身心变化。
161．句意：我几乎从不做户外活动。activity是可数名词，此处表示泛指的“各类活动”，需用复数形式activities。
162．句意：我大部分时间都在家看电视或玩电子游戏。固定搭配spend time (in) doing sth.表示“花费时间做某事”，watch需变为动名词watching。
163．句意：我的父母说：“为什么不出去和你的朋友们一起做运动呢？”“出去”的目的是“做运动”，此处应用动词不定式to play作目的状语。
164．句意：有一天，我决定试着在小区里打篮球，之后我发现和家人一起打球这件事很有趣。固定结构“find it+adj.+to do sth.”中，it作形式宾语，需用形容词作宾语补足语；修饰事物“打篮球”这件事，应用interesting。
165．句意：令人惊讶的是，我在短时间内取得了很大的进步。此处修饰整个句子，需用副词surprisingly，注意句首单词首字母需大写。
166．句意：做运动不仅帮助我保持健康，还教会了我一些重要的生活技能，比如团队合作。not only... but also...连接并列谓语，前半句“helped”是一般过去时，teach需用过去式taught。
167．句意：我明白了胜利不是一切。句中“that”引导宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，需用动名词winning作主语，表示“胜利”这件事。
168．句意：随着我坚持打篮球，我开始变得更自信，也交到了更多朋友。“feel more confident”和“made more friends”是并列的谓语结构，应用并列连词and连接。
169．句意：我也开始注意到我在课堂上的表现比以前好很多。句中“than before”提示此处需用比较级，well的比较级为better。
170．句意：打篮球给我的生活带来了很大的改变，我会一直保持活跃和健康。固定搭配make a big difference表示“产生很大影响、带来很大改变”，应填不定冠词a。
171．the 172．harmful 173．ourselves 174．an 175．flashlight 176．more often 177．quickly 178．from 179．more carefully 180．because/as 181．to fight 182．better 183．bravely 184．when 185．successfully
【导语】本文指出地震、沙尘暴等自然灾害随时会发生，且危害巨大，从提前准备应急物品、学习避险方法等多个方面，介绍了灾害来临时保护自身的方法，提醒人们提前做好应对准备。
171．句意：地震、沙尘暴、飓风这类自然灾害一直都在我们周边发生。all the time是固定短语，意为 “一直；始终”，冠词the符合语境。
172．句意：它们危害性很强，因此我们必须学会在灾害来临时保护自己。此处作表语，表示这些灾害是有害的，需要用harm的形容词形式harmful “有害的”。
173．句意：它们危害性很强，所以我们必须学会在灾难来临时保护自己。主语是we，对应的反身代词是ourselves “我们自己”。
174．句意：首先，我们应当在家准备一个应急包。emergency是以元音音素开头的单词，此处表示 “一个应急包”，用不定冠词an修饰。
175．句意：应急包中需要放入足够的食物、干净的水、一支手电筒、一个急救包以及其他有用物品。前面有不定冠词a，此处用可数名词单数flashlight “手电筒”。
176．句意：我们应当比以往更频繁地检查应急包，确保所有物品都状态完好。根据句中的than可知，此处需要用often的比较级more often。
177．句意：如果发生地震，在室内时我们要迅速躲到结实的桌子下方。此处修饰动词hide，需要用quick的副词形式quickly“快速地”。
178．句意：如果在户外，就找一块开阔区域，远离高楼和树木。stay away from是固定短语，意为 “远离”，from符合语境。
179．句意：你行动越谨慎，就会越安全。此处是 “the + 比较级，the + 比较级” 结构，修饰动词act，需要用careful的副词形式carefully，其比较级是more carefully。
180．句意：我们还应当关注灾害预警，因为预警能帮助我们及时为灾害做好准备。前半句 “我们应该关注预警” 和后半句 “它能帮我们及时为灾难做准备” 是因果关系，用连词because/as表原因。
181．句意：此外，我们应当采取行动对抗自然灾害带来的不良影响。take action to do sth. 是固定短语，意为 “采取行动做某事”，此处用动词不定式to fight。
182．句意：我们种的树越多，环境就会越好。此处是 “the + 比较级，the + 比较级” 结构，需要用good的比较级better。
183．句意：可怕的超级风暴可能会摧毁房屋，但如果我们勇敢面对，就能渡过难关。此处修饰动词face，需要用brave的副词形式bravely “勇敢地”。
184．句意：没人知道灾害会何时来临，但如果我们一直准备充分，就能成功从灾害中脱险。此处引导宾语从句，表示时间，用连词when。
185．句意：没人知道灾害会何时来临，但如果我们一直准备充分，就能成功从灾害中脱险。此处修饰动词survive，需要用successful的副词形式successfully “成功地”。
186．an 187．neighbors 188．from 189．was 190．himself 191．what 192．truly 193．to depend 194．However 195．tries
【导语】本文讲述了作者在清洁公司工作时，遇到一位善良的顾客David，他悄悄为独居、刚出院的邻居Mr. Smith支付清洁费用，帮助对方减轻负担的暖心故事，最终点明了“总有人默默关心、尽力帮助你”的温暖主旨。
186．句意：“我想帮一位住在隔壁的老人。”此处泛指“一位老人”，old以元音音素开头，需用不定冠词an，符合语法规则。
187．句意：他联系我们，是因为他很担心他的一位邻居，Smith 先生。固定结构one of + 可数名词复数表示 “…… 之一”，neighbor的复数形式为neighbors，符合语境。
188．句意：Smith先生刚从医院回来。固定搭配come back from...表示“从…… 回来”，此处填介词from，符合语义逻辑。
189．句意：甚至扫地对他来说都很困难。句子主语是动名词短语sweeping the floor，动名词作主语时谓语动词用单数，全文为一般过去时，be动词用was，符合语法。
190．句意：没人能帮他，因为他独自居住。固定搭配by oneself表示“独自、单独”，此处对应主语 he，反身代词为himself，符合语境。
191．句意：然后我们问 David，如果Smith先生拒绝让我们进他家，会发生什么。此处为宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，表示“什么”，用连接代词what引导，符合语法。
192．句意：“我至少要试一试，无论如何，我真的想帮他，”他说。此处修饰动词want，需用副词形式，true的副词为truly，符合语法规则。
193．句意：有时我们不指望依赖别人，因为我们害怕给他们添麻烦。固定搭配expect to do sth.表示“指望 / 期待做某事”，此处用不定式to depend，符合语法。
194．句意：然而，总有关心你、尽全力帮你的人。前文讲“我们害怕麻烦别人，不指望依赖他人”，后文讲“总有人默默帮你”，前后为转折关系，且空后有逗号，用However“然而”，符合语境。
195．句意：然而，总有关心你、尽全力帮你的人。此处与cares并列，作定语从句的谓语，主语who指代先行词someone（单数），谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，try的三单为tries，符合语法。
196．in 197．less 198．about 199．to 200．our 201．ourselves 202．but 203．with 204．to feel 205．talking
【导语】本文主要介绍了自然灾害的危害、人类活动对自然灾害的影响，点明了预防灾害、保护自身的重要性，并给出了灾后应对不良情绪的可行建议。
196．句意：自然灾害会破坏环境、损毁房屋，甚至造成大量人员死亡。固定搭配in large numbers表示“大量地”，符合“造成大量死亡”的语境。
197．句意：热浪会杀死鱼类和海洋植物，因此人们能获得的海鲜也更少了。热浪杀死海洋生物后，人们拥有的海鲜比之前更少，用little的比较级less。
198．句意：人类活动会引发自然灾害。固定搭配bring about表示“引发，带来”，此处指人类活动引发自然灾害，符合语境。
199．句意：燃烧煤炭会导致全球变暖。固定搭配lead to表示“导致”，符合“燃煤会导致全球变暖”的句意。
200．句意：我们应该尽最大努力预防自然灾害。固定搭配try one’s best表示“尽某人最大努力”，用we的形容词性物主代词our。
201．句意：我们也应该学会如何在自然灾害中保护我们自己。此处表示“保护我们自己”，用we的反身代词ourselves。
202．句意：灾害过后，一些人可能身体没有受伤，但可能会感到悲伤、恐惧或无助。空前“一些人身体没有受伤”和空后“会感到悲伤恐惧”是转折关系，用转折连词but。
203．句意：找到处理这些情绪的方法十分重要。固定搭配deal with表示“处理”，此处指处理不良情绪，符合语境。
204．句意：允许自己感受并接纳这些情绪。固定搭配allow sb to do sth表示“允许某人做某事”，故填to feel。
205．句意：和他们交谈之后你会感觉好很多。after是介词，介词后接动名词形式，故填talking。
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
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/ 让学习更有效 期中备考培优 | 英语学科
2025-2026学年八年级下册英语期中复习考点培优仁爱科普版
（新教材）专题12 短文填空
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
阅读短文，在空白处填入不多于2个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通畅、连贯。
In Shanghai, ride-hailing (网约车) drivers are drawing attention for their language skills. Many can speak more than four languages, so it is 1 (easy) for foreigners to travel around now than before.
These drivers learn words and expressions for daily use. Through study, they master plenty of languages by 2 (they) to communicate with foreigners. This not only helps them feel more comfortable but also 3 (avoid) misunderstandings.
The ability to speak different languages is 4 (especial) useful at busy places like the airport or places of interest. Drivers can explain traffic rules, recommend popular restaurants, or share local customs (当地习俗) by using simple 5 (sentence). “My simple language is often enough to make a trip go well. 6 sometimes I still have to use translation apps (翻译软件) to satisfy other difficult-to-understand needs,” said Wang Feng, 7 driver from Pudong, Shanghai.
This effort shows Shanghai’s openness as a modern city. By 8 (build) language bridges, drivers not only provide a well-liked service but also make visitors feel welcome. This helps the city connect with the world 9 a friendly way. It is important 10 (master) a foreign language.
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
To be a successful learner, you need to develop good habits. First, you must learn how to take useful notes in class. Don’t try to write down every word the teacher says. Just note the key points. After class, it’s important to 11 (go) over your notes as soon as possible. This helps you remember the information better.
Second, never be afraid of 12 (make) mistakes. Mistakes are part of learning. When you find a mistake, correct it and try to understand 13 you made it. This way, you won’t repeat the same mistake next time.
Third, use different 14 (resource) to help you learn. You can read books, 15 (search) for information on the Internet, or watch educational videos. The digital age 16 (offer) us many tools to make learning easier and more interesting.
Fourth, find a study group. 17 (discuss) things with classmates can help you understand difficult topics. You can also learn from 18 (they) ideas and methods.
Finally, always believe in 19 (you). Learning can be challenging, but if you stick 20 your goals and keep trying, you will make progress day by day.
阅读下面短文, 根据语境或所给单词的提示, 在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词, 要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确, 使短文意思完整、行文连贯。
Reading is a wonderful activity and can bring us many benefits. When we read, we develop the 21 (able) to explore new worlds, to accept new ideas and to acquire new knowledge.
Reading helps improve our language skills. By reading different books, we can learn new ideas and 22 (think). We can even grow to be 23 (master) of beautiful sentences and expressions. What’s more, reading can develop our imagination. We can picture the stories in our minds 24 we read. We can also become much 25 (wise) by reading. Moreover, reading is a good way to relax. After a long day of study, we can enjoy a good book to get away 26 stress. If we have difficulty finding a peaceful mind, why don’t we get down to 27 (read)
Reading is a kind of personal experience. Instead of reading difficult books, we can start with books that interest us, such as 28 (poem) or history books. The 29 (true) is that every book has something valuable to offer. So, take a step 30 , pick up a book and start reading now！
阅读下面短文,根据语境或所给单词的提示,在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词,要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确,使短文意思完整、行文连贯。
English was a great challenge for me. I was afraid of speaking in English class because I seldom made myself 31 (understand). I wanted to be as active as 32 (other) but I was at a loss about how to improve my situation. My teacher noticed this. She advised me to find a way to make 33 for the lack (缺乏) of an English-speaking environment. 34 this purpose, I joined an English corner. Before each activity, I usually prepared a short speech and remembered it 35 heart. And I often tried to speak 36 (aloud) and expressed myself clearly. To learn new words and sentences, I took 37 (note) carefully in class. If I didn’t understand them, I kept asking the teacher or checking the dictionary 38 I did. I worked hard and made progress every day. After months of 39 (effort), I even could make a speech in English fluently (流畅地). I realised that we can achieve what we want through hard work and with 40 strong will.
阅读短文，根据语境或所给单词提示，在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。
Learning is a wonderful journey that can make us grow up day by day. It helps us understand the world 41 (well) and open our eyes to new things. We should not see learning as a burden, but as 42 great chance to improve ourselves.
Most people, 43 the lazy ones, know that learning is not only about reading textbooks. It’s about building different 44 (ability) to solve problems and face challenges in life. The real meaning of learning is not in getting high grades, 45 in learning how to learn.
46 (discuss) with others is a good way to learn. When we talk about our ideas with classmates or teachers, we can get new thoughts and see things from different sides. Every step in learning needs hard 47 (work), whether it’s thinking about a difficult problem for a long time or 48 (practice) a skill again and again.
In the end, learning 49 (shape) our character and makes us better people. It teaches 50 (we) to be patient, to keep trying and to enjoy the joy of progress. As long as we stick to learning, our life will be more meaningful and colorful.
根据Activity 1主题语境，在空白处填入一个适当的单词，使短文意思完整、通顺。
How can we make our learning more effective Last week, our class 51 a speech on this topic. The speaker gave us many tips. First, he said we should always 52 clear notes in class. This helps us remember key points. Then, he suggested that we should 53 for more information online after class to deepen our understanding. He also shared his own experience of 54 to cook when he was in college. He said connecting learning with life skills makes knowledge stick. Finally, he reminded us that whenever we 55 an experiment or 56 a difficult class, we should ask “how” questions, like 57 to analyze results or 58 to understand complex concepts. I 59 a lot from this speech. I think the most important thing I learned is 60 to connect different learning activities together to build a complete picture.
阅读短文，根据情景或所给单词提示，在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。
Last term, I faced many 61 (difficult) in English—I could hardly remember new words and understand listening texts. My English teacher Miss Li noticed this and gave me some 62 (use) advice. She told me to keep a notebook and 63 (write) down new words in it every evening. She also said I should 64 (copy) the whole sentences with new words to learn their correct uses.
Following her advice, I 65 (listen) to English texts every morning and 66 (repeat) them until I could learn them 67 (good). To improve my oral English, I even 68 (join) a study group with my classmates. We 69 (share) our learning materials and talked in English every week.
After three months of hard work, I saw great 70 (improve). Now I’m not afraid of English anymore. I know that as long as I stick to learning English, I will get better and better.
阅读下面短文，根据语境或所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。
Money is something we use every day to buy things. Each country has 71 (it) own money, and 72 (give) its money a special name.
In Australia, the money is called the Australian dollar. It has 73 (color) notes with pictures of animals, like kangaroos. When you go 74 (shop) in Australia, you need to pay in Australian dollars.
In India, people use the rupee. One rupee is divided 75 100 paise, but paise coins are not used much now. 76 you visit India, you will see many rupee notes in different 77 (size).
The pound sterling is the currency of the UK. People often call it the pound for short. A pound is worth more than a dollar, so you get 78 (few) pounds when you change dollars into pounds.
79 (learn) about different currencies is useful, 80 (especial) when you travel. It helps you know how much things cost and how to count money correctly.
阅读短文，在文中空白处填入1个适当的单词或用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。
Last summer, I visited Mount Huangshan. It’s such an 81 (excite) experience that I’ll never forget it.
The journey started early in the morning. I took a taxi and made 82 (I) way to the mountain. The air was fresh, and the scenery (风景) along the way was beautiful. As I reached the foot of the mountain, I saw many visitors 83 home and abroad. They carried big bags and cameras, ready to take great photos.
Some people chose to take the cable car 84 it could save time and energy. But I decided to climb the mountain on my own. There were lots of 85 (step), and sometimes the path was steep (陡峭的). However, they didn’t stop me 86 (climb). I took breaks along the way 87 (admire) the views. The mountain was covered with green trees and rocks in strange shapes. I also saw some monkeys playing in the trees.
When I finally arrived at the top, I saw a wonderful sea of clouds, and the sun was shining brightly. It felt like I was in 88 watercolour painting.
Through the journey, I not only enjoyed the beauty of nature but also 89 (fall) in love with climbing. It’s really one of the 90 (good) adventures I’ve ever had!
阅读下面短文, 根据语境或所给单词的提示, 在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词, 要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确, 使短文意思完整、行文连贯。
Li Jiang was from a village. His parents made money by selling bamboo 91 (basket).Though the money they made was not even enough to satisfy their basic 92 (need), his parents still worked hard to support his studies at the university. When his teacher knew his family’s condition, the teacher told Li Jiang that many 93 (university) could help students like him through a program. Li Jiang joined the program and 94 (borrow) money from the government to pay for his university education.
After his 95 (graduate), he became a teacher. He saved his salary (工资) and gradually paid 96 the money he borrowed for university. He believed the loan (贷款) not only paid for his education but also taught him to manage his money. What’s more, he learned to be responsible 97 himself and society as well. Now, he sticks to making 98 budget every month. And he never spends money on 99 (necessary) things. He is 100 (thank) for the government’s help and he decides to work hard and care for others, and he does so.
阅读短文，用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。
Good morning, everyone. Welcome to today’s Cool History for Teenagers. What is money When people pay for goods or services, they use some 101 (kind) of money. We can find money in museums all over the world. But do you know how money has 102 (develop) over time
Before people used money, they traded goods 103 (direct). For example, a person might trade a cow for five sheep. In this case, the cow 104 (use) as a form of “money”. People in ancient China invented shell money. Even today we can see the symbol of “shell” in many Chinese 105 (character) about money or trade.
During the Spring and Autumn Period, each state made their own money. Later, Emperor Qin Shihuang brought together all the warring states and 106 (create) the Qin Dynasty. To make doing business 107 (easy) across the country, he made the whole country use the same type of money—a round coin with a square hole in the center. With such a hole, people could put the money together with a rope and carry them around 108 (easy).
Centuries later, when there was less metal for 109 (make) money, the government of the Song Dynasty started to produce paper money—“liang”. Now, as information technology develops, people begin to use digital money. What will money look like in the future Money will surely continue 110 (exist) in some form.
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Hong Kong is a wonderful place. It is one of the 111 (busy) cities in the world. Since it came back to China, it has 112 (develop) in a rapid way. Every day, thousands of tourists travel to this lively city. If you go to Hong Kong, amusement parks are not to be missed. You will surely have 113 unusual experience there. Another famous place is the Hong Kong Ocean Park. You can see sea animals there, like dolphins jumping out of the water and 114 (colour) fish swimming around.
People in Hong Kong can mostly speak both Chinese 115 English, and they are friendly. I once went to Hong Kong. During that trip, I got lost and asked an old lady 116 help. However, she didn’t know the way either. I was so 117 (worry) that I was almost going to cry. As I stood there, she immediately took out her phone and called her husband to ask for 118 (direct). Then she walked with me for a long time until I found my way. I am really thankful for her 119 (kind).
Hong Kong is really a fantastic place and I look forward to 120 (visit) it again in the future.
阅读下面短文, 根据语境或所给单词的提示, 在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词, 要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确, 使短文意思完整、行文连贯。
Have you been to a money museum What 121 (type) of money do you know You may say 122 (coin) and banknotes. But do you know that in ancient times, there were many different forms 123 money
At first, people traded goods 124 (direct). They used natural products such as shells, feathers, and animals like hens and 125 (sheep). On a small island in Micronesia, people used stones as money. Shell money was first 126 (use) in ancient China.
With the 127 (develop) of our society, people began to use goods like salt, grains (谷物) and cloth (布) to trade .Can you guess what kind of money you can eat Yes, it’s cheese! In northern Italy, people would use their cheese as security when they 128 (borrow) money from a bank. Later, to make doing business 129 (easy), people began to use metal as money. Gold was a major one. In ancient China, gold was not only wealth (财富) but also 130 symbol of power.
Do you know any other types of money
阅读下面短文，按照句子结构和上下文连贯要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中的词语的正确形式填空。
Nowadays, many people prefer to use mobile phones for 131 (pay). It is very convenient and fast. 132 you don’t need to carry cash or cards. However, we must remember to keep our 133 (person) information safe. In the past, people used different things like shells or cows 134 a form of money. Today, digital money is becoming more popular because of the rapid 135 (develop) of technology.
If you want to save money, you can start by 136 (put) coins into a piggy bank. Even small 137 (amount) can add up over time. My mother always tells me to think 138 (two) before buying something expensive. 139 I follow her advice, I can keep a good balance between spending and saving. I believe that if we save every coin, we can 140 (achieve) our dreams one day.
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词,或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
Wang Haoze, a member of the Shenzhou 19 mission, is China’s first woman space flight engineer. She was born in 1990. During her college years, she was at 141 top of her class. She even represented (代表) her school in sports competitions. She 142 (influence) by a professor and decided to join the spacecraft research community.
After 143 (finish) her studies, Wang became a member of a group which aims at researching rocket engines in Beijing. Faced with new 144 (challenge), she enjoyed learning and overcoming difficulties. Hard work always pays off. The first product designed by Wang was praised by a famous expert. She 145 (slow) became the backbone of her team.
Three years later, Wang and 17 men were chosen 146 China’s third batch of astronauts. 147 she faced many challenges, she had never considered stopping.
As for her first journey, Wang said, “We 148 (practise) so many times on the ground for many years. Flying to the space station to see 149 it looks like is my dream. I like floating (漂浮) inside Tiangong 150 (experience) the excitement of weightlessness.
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Lucy is an eight-year-old girl who likes to ride a bike. One day when she was riding her bike in the backyard (后院) 151 herself, a terrible thing happened. Her bike hit a big rock. Lucy 152 (fall) onto the ground and hurt her head.
Luckily, Lucy’s father took first aid classes before, 153 he knew how to deal 154 the situation. First, he examined Lucy. She seemed well, but he knew he needed 155 (put) something cold on her head to make the swelling (肿胀处) smaller. So he got her inside the house 156 (quick) and put some ice on her head. He cleaned the wound (伤口), added some medicine and then covered it 157 a bandage. Lucy lay in bed and tried to get some sleep.
After 158 (take) breaks for a short time, the swelling became much 159 (good) , but Lucy started to vomit (呕吐). Her parents took her to the hospital at once. “I have learnt that we should ask the doctor for help if a child vomits after he hurts his head,” Lucy’s dad said. The doctor took her temperature, got 160 X-ray and stayed with her overnight. The next day, the doctor said Lucy could leave hospital and that soon, she could go outside and ride her bike again.
In our daily lives, it’s necessary to learn first aid and take care of others like Lucy’s father. Let’s start to learn from now on.
阅读下面的材料，在空白处填入1个适当的词或括号内所给单词的正确形式。
I used to be a very lazy kid. I liked staying at home. I hardly ever did 161 (activity) outside. I spent most of my time 162 (watch) TV or playing video games at home. My parents often said, “Why not go out 163 (play) sports with your friends ” One day, I decided to try playing basketball in the neighborhood and then I found it 164 (interest) to play with my family. 165 (surprise), I made great progress in a short time.
After that, I started playing basketball with my friends. It was so interesting. We often met up after school and played for hours. I also joined the basketball team, which helped me improve my skills.
Playing sports not only helped me stay healthy, but also 166 (teach) me some important life skills, such as teamwork. I learned that 167 (win) isn’t everything. And it’s important to respect each other and have fun.
As I kept playing basketball, I began to feel more confident 168 made more friends. I also started to notice that I was able to do much 169 (well) in class than before. Playing basketball has made 170 big difference to my life and I will keep on staying active and healthy.
阅读下面短文，根据语境或所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词或所给词的适当形式，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。
Natural disasters like earthquakes, sandstorms and hurricanes happen around us all 171 time. They can be very 172 (harm), so we must learn how to protect 173 (we) when they come.
First, we should prepare 174 emergency kit at home. In the kit, we need to put enough food and clean water, a 175 (flashlight), a first-aid kit and some other useful things. We should check the kit 176 (often) than before to make sure everything is in good condition.
Second, we need to learn correct ways to deal with different disasters. If an earthquake happens, we should hide under a strong desk 177 (quick) when we are indoors. If you are outdoors, find an open area and stay away 178 tall buildings and trees. The 179 (careful) you act, the safer you will be.
Third, we should take part in safety training at school. It can help us put our knowledge into practice. We should also pay attention to the early warning, 180 it can help us get ready for the disaster in time.
What’s more, we should take action 181 (fight) against the bad effects of natural disasters. For example, we can plant more trees to stop sandstorms. The more trees we plant, the 182 (good) the environment will be.
Last but not least, we should stay calm when a disaster comes. A terrible superstorm may break our houses, but if we face it 183 (brave), we can get over the hard time. No one knows 184 a disaster will come, but if we are always well-prepared, we can survive the disaster 185 (successful).
请认真阅读下面短文，填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
I work in a cleaning company. Usually people call us, and we provide house cleaning service.
One day, I got a call from David. “I want to help 186 old man who lives next door. Can I pay for it without letting him know ” he asked. David was a very kind man. He called us because he was worried about one of his 187 (neighbor), Mr. Smith. Mr. Smith just came back 188 the hospital. His house was in a mess, but he couldn’t do any housework. Even sweeping the floor 189 (be) difficult for him. No one could help him because he lived by 190 (he). He didn’t tell his children because he didn’t want them to worry about him. David wanted to help Mr. Smith without bringing him any stress. And then we asked David 191 would happen if Mr. Smith would refuse to let us come into his house. “I have to at least try, and anyway, I 192 (true) want to help him,” he said. Luckily, Mr. Smith let us in and our workers did a good job. Mr. Smith was touched by the gift from someone he didn’t know.
Sometimes we don’t expect 193 (depend) on others, because we are afraid of letting them get into trouble. 194 , there is always someone who cares for you and 195 (try) his best to help you.
阅读短文，用括号中所给词的适当形式填空或填入合适的词。
Natural disasters harm the environment, break down houses, and even cause deaths 196 large numbers. A heatwave can kill fish and sea plants, so people have 197 (little) seafood. Human activities can bring 198 natural disasters. The burning of coal can lead 199 global warming. Global warming can cause longer and more serious heatwaves and more serious rainstorms. We should try 200 (we) best to prevent natural disasters. We should also learn how to protect 201 (we) in natural disasters.
After a disaster, some people may not be physically hurt 202 might feel sad, scared or helpless. It is important to find ways to deal 203 these feelings. First, one should know that it is normal to experience such feelings after a disaster. Allow yourself 204 (feel) and accept these feelings. Second, try to share your feelings with your parents. You will feel better after 205 (talk) with them.
/ 让学习更有效 期中备考培优 | 英语学科
/ 让学习更有效 期中备考培优 | 英语学科
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
参考答案及试题解析
1．easier 2．themselves 3．avoids 4．especially 5．sentences 6．But/However 7．a 8．building 9．in 10．to master
【导语】本文介绍了上海网约车司机掌握多门语言的现象，说明这一技能不仅方便了外国游客出行，也展现了上海作为国际化大都市的开放与友好。
1．句意：许多人会说超过四门语言，所以现在外国人出行比以前更容易了。“than”是比较级的标志，easy的比较级是easier。
2．句意：通过学习，他们掌握了多种语言来和外国人交流。此处用反身代词表示“他们自己”，they的反身代词是themselves。
3．句意：这不仅让他们感觉更自在，也避免了误解。“not only…but also…”连接并列谓语，helps是一般现在时第三人称单数，avoid也用第三人称单数形式avoids。
4．句意：说不同语言的能力在机场或景点等繁忙场所尤其有用。此处用副词修饰形容词useful，especial的副词形式是especially。
5．句意：司机可以用简单的句子解释交通规则、推荐热门餐厅或分享当地习俗。“simple”后接可数名词复数，sentence的复数形式是sentences。
6．句意：我的简单语言通常足以让旅途顺利，但有时我仍然需要用翻译软件来满足其他难以理解的需求。前后两句存在转折关系，用But/However，句首首字母大写。
7．句意：来自上海浦东的司机王峰说。此处表示泛指“一名司机”，driver以辅音音素开头，故填a。
8．句意：通过搭建语言桥梁，司机们不仅提供了受欢迎的服务，也让游客感到受欢迎。“by”是介词，后接动名词，build的动名词形式是building。
9．句意：这帮助这座城市以一种友好的方式与世界连接。“in a friendly way”是固定搭配，表示“以一种友好的方式”，故填in。
10．句意：掌握一门外语很重要。“It is + 形容词 + to do sth.”是固定句型，表示“做某事是……的”，故填to master。
11．go 12．making 13．why 14．resources 15．search 16．offers 17．Discussing 18．their 19．yourself 20．to
【导语】本文介绍了成为成功学习者应培养的五个好习惯。
11．句意：下课后，尽快复习笔记很重要。go over“复习”，固定搭配，不定式结构to后面加动词原形。故填go。
12．句意：第二，永远不要害怕犯错。介词of后面加动名词形式making。故填making。
13．句意：当你发现一个错误时，纠正它，并试着理解你为什么犯这个错误。根据“understand...you made it”可知，是理解为什么犯错，用why“为什么”引导宾语从句。故填why。
14．句意：第三，使用不同的资源来帮助你学习。resource“资源”，different修饰用可数名词复数形式。故填resources。
15．句意：你可以读书、在互联网上搜索信息或观看教育视频。search“搜索”，情态动词can后面加动词原形。故填search。
16．句意：数字时代为我们提供了许多工具，使学习更容易、更有趣。主语The digital age为单数，时态为一般现在时，谓语动词用三单形式offers“提供”。故填offers。
17．句意：与同学讨论事情可以帮助你理解困难的话题。discuss“讨论”，作主语用动名词形式discussing，句首字母大写。故填Discussing。
18．句意：你也可以学习他们的想法和方法。修饰名词ideas，用they的形容词性物主代词their“他们的”。故填their。
19．句意：最后，永远相信自己。根据“believe in...”可知，是相信自己，用you的反身代词yourself“你自己”。故填yourself。
20．句意：学习可能具有挑战性，但如果你坚持你的目标并不断尝试，你每天都会取得进步。stick to“坚持”，固定搭配。故填to。
21．ability 22．thoughts 23．masters 24．when 25．wiser 26．from 27．reading 28．poems 29．truth 30．forward
【导语】本文阐述了阅读的诸多益处，包括培养能力、提升语言技能、拓展思维、放松身心等，呼吁大家行动起来开始阅读。
21．句意：当我们阅读时，我们培养探索新世界、接受新思想和获取新知识的能力。the后接名词，able的名词形式是ability。
22．句意：通过阅读不同的书，我们可以学习新思想和想法。and连接并列成分，与ideas对应，think的名词复数形式是thoughts。
23．句意：我们甚至可以成长为优美句子和表达的掌握者。be后接名词，master表示“大师、能手”，此处用复数形式masters。
24．句意：当我们阅读时，我们可以在脑海中描绘故事。此处表示“当……的时候”，引导时间状语从句，故填when。
25．句意：通过阅读，我们也能变得更有智慧。much修饰形容词比较级，wise的比较级是wiser。
26．句意：在一整天的学习后，我们可以享受一本好书来远离压力。get away from是固定搭配，表示“远离”。
27．句意：如果我们难以平静下来，为什么不开始阅读呢？get down to doing sth.是固定搭配，表示“开始做某事”，read的动名词形式是reading。
28．句意：我们可以从感兴趣的书开始，比如诗歌或历史书。or连接并列名词，poem的复数形式是poems。
29．句意：事实是每本书都能提供一些有价值的东西。The后接名词，true的名词形式是truth。
30．句意：所以，向前迈一步，拿起一本书现在就开始阅读吧！take a step forward是固定搭配，表示“向前迈一步”。
31．understood 32．others 33．up 34．For 35．by 36．aloud 37．notes 38．until/till 39．efforts 40．a
【导语】本文以第一人称讲述了作者克服英语学习困难、提升口语能力的个人经历。
31．句意：我害怕在英语课上发言，因为我很少能让别人听懂我的话。“make oneself + 过去分词”是固定结构，表示“使自己被……”，这里指“让自己被别人理解”，应用understand的过去分词understood。
32．句意：我想和其他人一样活跃，但我不知道如何改善现状。as...as others 表示 “和其他人一样……”，other作代词时用复数others指代“其他同学”。
33．句意：她建议我想办法弥补英语环境的缺失。make up for是固定短语，意为“弥补”，符合“弥补缺乏英语环境”的语境。
34．句意：为了这个目的，我加入了英语角。For this purpose是固定表达，意为“为了这个目的”，句首首字母大写。
35．句意：每次活动前，我通常会准备一段简短的演讲并背下来。by heart是固定短语，意为“牢记、背熟”。
36．句意：我经常试着大声说话，清晰地表达自己。aloud是副词，修饰动词“speak”，speak aloud表示“大声说”，固定搭配。
37．句意：为了学习新单词和句子，我在课堂上认真记笔记。take notes是固定短语，意为“做笔记”，应用复数形式notes。
38．句意：如果我不懂，我会一直问老师或查字典，直到我弄懂为止。“... I did”表示“直到我弄懂为止”，应用until/till引导时间状语从句。
39．句意：经过数月的努力，我甚至能流利地用英语演讲了。months of efforts表示 “数月的努力”，effort此处用复数efforts强调多次、持续的努力。
40．句意：我意识到，通过努力和坚强的意志，我们可以实现自己想要的东西。空格后“will”为可数名词，意为“意志”，应用不定冠词表泛指，且“strong”以辅音音素开头，应用a修饰。
41．better 42．a 43．even 44．abilities 45．but 46．Discussing 47．work 48．practicing 49．shapes 50．us
【导语】本文围绕“学习”这一主题展开。
41．句意：它帮助我们更好地了解世界，开阔我们的眼界去接受新事物。此处指更好地了解世界，应用副词well的比较级better“更好地”，修饰动词understand。
42．句意：我们不应该把学习看作是一种负担，而应该把它看作是提升自我的一个好机会。此处泛指一个好机会，great以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。
43．句意：大多数人，甚至那些懒惰的人，都知道学习不仅仅是阅读课本。此处指大多数人甚至那些懒惰的人，副词even“甚至”符合句意。
44．句意：它是关于培养不同的能力来解决生活中的问题和面对挑战。根据“different”可知，此处应用名词ability“能力”的复数形式abilities。
45．句意：学习的真正意义不在于取得高分，而在于学会如何学习。此处应用not...but...“不是……而是……”连接。
46．句意：与他人讨论是学习的好方法。此处应用动名词discussing“讨论”作主语，句首首字母大写。
47．句意：学习的每一步都需要努力，无论是长时间思考一个难题还是一次又一次地练习一项技能。根据“hard”可知，此处应用名词work“努力”，hard work“努力工作”。
48．句意：学习的每一步都需要努力，无论是长时间思考一个难题还是一次又一次地练习一项技能。此处与thinking并列，应用动名词practicing“练习”。
49．句意：最后，学习塑造我们的性格，使我们成为更好的人。根据“makes us better people”可知，句子时态为一般现在时，主语learning为第三人称单数，谓语动词shape“塑造”应用三单形式shapes。
50．句意：它教会我们耐心，不断尝试，享受进步的喜悦。根据“teaches”可知，此处应用人称代词宾格us“我们”作宾语。
51．attended 52．take 53．search 54．learning 55．do 56．have 57．how 58．how 59．learned 60．how
【导语】本文讲述班级开展了一场关于如何高效学习的演讲，分享了记笔记、搜索信息、结合生活等学习方法。
51．句意：上周我们班参加了一场关于这个话题的演讲。结合Activity1短语attend a speech，标志词last week，此处用一般过去时，动词用过去式attended。
52．句意：首先他说我们上课应该记清晰的笔记。结合Activity1短语take notes，情态动词should后接动词原形。
53．句意：然后他建议我们课后应该在网上搜索更多信息。结合Activity1短语search for information，情态动词should后接动词原形。
54．句意：他还分享了在大学学习做饭的经历。结合Activity1短语learn to cook，介词of后接动名词。
55．句意：最后他提醒我们无论何时做实验或上很难的课。结合Activity1短语do an experiment，一般现在时，主语为we，用动词原形。
56．句意：无论何时做实验或上很难的课。结合Activity1短语have a class，一般现在时，主语为we，用动词原形。
57．句意：比如如何分析结果。固定结构疑问词+不定式，表方式，此处用how。
58．句意：或者如何理解复杂的概念。固定结构疑问词+不定式，表方式，此处用how。
59．句意：我从这场演讲中学到了很多。描述过去的动作，用一般过去时，此处指学到了很多，答案为learned。
60．句意：我学到的最重要的事是如何把不同学习活动联系起来。固定结构疑问词+不定式，表方式，此处用how。
61．difficulties 62．useful 63．write 64．copy 65．listened 66．repeated 67．well 68．joined 69．shared 70．improvement
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者上学期在英语学习上遇到困难，并在老师指导下通过多种方法努力练习，最终取得进步的经历，说明了坚持和正确方法的重要性。
61．句意：上学期，我在英语中面临许多困难。many修饰可数名词复数，difficult是形容词，其名词形式为difficulty，复数为difficulties。
62．句意：我的英语老师李老师注意到了这一点，并给了我一些有用的建议。形容词修饰名词advice，use的形容词是useful。
63．句意：她告诉我准备一个笔记本，每天晚上把生词记下来。句中“told me to keep...”为“tell sb. to do sth.”结构，and连接两个并列的不定式结构，后一个不定式可省略to，用原形write。
64．句意：她还说，我应该把包含生词的整个句子抄下来，以学习它们的正确用法。句中“should”为情态动词，后接动词原形。
65．句意：按照她的建议，我每天早上听英语材料，并反复跟读，直到能很好地掌握它们。短文主体时态为一般过去时，描述过去发生的一系列动作，均用一般过去时。listen的过去式为listened。
66．句意：按照她的建议，我每天早上听英语材料，并反复跟读，直到能很好地掌握它们。与小题5并列，描述过去的动作，repeat的过去式为repeated。
67．句意：按照她的建议，我每天早上听英语材料，并反复跟读，直到能很好地掌握它们。此处需用副词修饰动词learn。good是形容词，其副词形式为well。
68．句意：为了提高英语口语，我甚至和同学们一起加入了一个学习小组。描述过去发生的动作，join的过去式为joined。
69．句意：我们每周分享学习材料，并用英语交谈。描述过去发生的动作，share的过去式为shared。
70．句意：经过三个月的努力，我看到了巨大的进步。great修饰名词，improve的名词形式为improvement。
71．its 72．gives 73．colorful 74．shopping 75．into 76．If/When 77．sizes 78．fewer 79．Learning 80．especially
【导语】本文介绍了澳大利亚、印度、英国的货币，以及了解不同货币在旅行中的作用。
71．句意：每个国家都有自己的货币。修饰名词“own money”，要用it的形容词性物主代词形式its，表示“它的”。
72．句意：每个国家都有自己的货币，并赋予其特殊的名称。and连接两个并列的谓语动词，has是一般现在时的第三人称单数形式，因此give也用第三人称单数形式gives。
73．句意：它拥有色彩鲜艳的纸币，上面印有动物图案，比如袋鼠。 修饰名词“notes”，要用color的形容词形式colorful，表示“色彩鲜艳的”。
74．句意：在澳大利亚购物时，你需要用澳元支付。go shopping是固定短语，意为“去购物”，所以填shopping。
75．句意：1卢比等于100派沙，但现在派沙硬币已很少使用了。 divide ... into ... 是固定短语，意为“把……分成……”，这里表示一卢比被分成100派萨，故填into。
76．句意：当你去印度旅游时，会看到许多不同尺寸的卢比纸币。/如果你去印度旅游，会看到许多大小不同的卢比纸币。“you visit India”是一个条件或时间状语，“如果你/当你访问印度时”，可以用If引导条件状语从句，也可以用When引导时间状语从句，所以填If或When。
77．句意：当你去印度旅游时，会看到许多不同尺寸的卢比纸币。/如果你去印度旅游，会看到许多大小不同的卢比纸币。different后接可数名词复数形式，size表示“尺寸；大小”，所以用sizes。
78．句意：1英镑的价值超过1美元，因此用美元兑换英镑时，得到的英镑数量会更少。 根据前文“A pound is worth more than a dollar”可知，当把美元换成英镑时，得到的英镑数量更少，few的比较级是fewer，所以填fewer。
79．句意：了解不同的货币很有用。分析句子结构，“ … (learn) about different currencies”是句子的主语，动词作主语要用动名词形式，所以填Learning。
80．句意：了解不同的货币很有用，尤其是在旅行时。了解不同的货币很有用，尤其是在旅行时。修饰整个句子“when you travel”，要用especial的副词形式especially，表示“尤其；特别”。
81．exciting 82．my 83．from 84．because 85．steps 86．climbing 87．to admire 88．a 89．fell 90．best
【导语】本文讲述作者去年夏天游览黄山的经历，包括沿途风景、登山过程以及登顶后的感受。
81．句意：这是一次如此激动人心的经历，我永远不会忘记。空格后是名词“experience”，需用形容词作定语修饰，表示“令人激动的”，excite的形容词形式是exciting。
82．句意：我打了一辆出租车，向山上出发。“make one’s way to”是动词短语，意为“前往、走向”，主语是I，需用形容词性物主代词my。
83．句意：当我到达山脚时，我看到许多来自国内外的游客。“from home and abroad”是介词短语，意为“来自国内外”，表示来源。
84．句意：有些人选择乘坐缆车，因为这样可以节省时间和精力。空格后是完整的句子，解释选择缆车的原因，需用从属连词because引导原因状语从句。
85．句意：有很多台阶，有时道路很陡峭。“lots of”后需接可数名词复数，step的复数形式是steps。
86．句意：然而，它们并没有阻止我攀登。“stop sb. from doing sth.”是动词短语，意为“阻止某人做某事”，from可省略，故用climbing。
87．句意：我沿途休息来欣赏风景。空格处表示休息的目的，需用动词不定式作目的状语，故用to admire。
88．句意：我感觉自己仿佛置身于一幅水彩画中。“watercolour painting”为可数名词单数，此处表示泛指“一幅”，需用不定冠词a修饰。
89．句意：通过这次旅行，我不仅欣赏了大自然的美景，还爱上了爬山。“not only...but also...”连接并列谓语，时态需与“enjoyed”保持一致，需用一般过去时，fall的过去式是fell。
90．句意：这确实是我有过的最好的冒险之一。“one of the + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数”是固定句型，意为“最……的……之一”，good的最高级是best。
91．baskets 92．needs 93．universities 94．borrowed 95．graduation 96．back 97．for 98．a 99．unnecessary 100．thankful
【导语】本文讲述了李江来自一个村庄，父母靠卖竹篮供他上大学，在老师告知有助学项目后他加入并借款完成学业，毕业后成为教师还钱，还学会理财和负责，他感恩政府帮助并决定努力工作关心他人。
91．句意：他的父母靠卖竹篮赚钱。“bamboo”修饰名词，“basket”为可数名词，此处表示泛指，应用复数形式baskets。
92．句意：尽管他们赚的钱甚至不足以满足他们的基本需求。“basic”为形容词，修饰名词，“need”作为“需求”讲时是可数名词，此处应用复数形式needs。
93．句意：当他的老师知道他的家庭状况后，老师告诉李江许多大学可以通过一个项目帮助像他这样的学生。“many”修饰可数名词复数，“university”的复数形式是universities。
94．句意：李江加入了这个项目，并向政府借钱支付他的大学教育费用。根据“joined”可知，句子时态是一般过去时，所以这里用borrow的过去式borrowed。
95．句意：毕业后，他成为了一名教师。“his”为形容词性物主代词，修饰名词，“graduate”的名词形式是graduation。
96．句意：他存下工资，逐渐还清了为上大学借的钱。“pay back”表示“偿还”，是固定短语，所以这里填back。
97．句意：更重要的是，他学会了对自己和社会负责。“be responsible for”表示“对……负责”，是固定搭配，所以这里填for。
98．句意：现在，他坚持每个月做预算。“budget”为可数名词单数，此处表示泛指“一个预算”，“budget”以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。
99．句意：而且他从不在不必要的东西上花钱。“things”是名词，前面要用形容词修饰，根据语境可知是不必要的东西，所以用necessary的反义词unnecessary。
100．句意：他感谢政府的帮助，他决定努力工作，关心他人，他也确实这么做了。“is”为系动词，后面要用形容词作表语，“thank”的形容词形式是thankful。
101．kinds 102．developed 103．directly 104．was used 105．characters 106．created 107．easier 108．easily 109．making 110．to exist
【导语】本文讲了货币的历史演变，特别是以中国古代货币的发展为主线，展示了货币形式是如何随着时间推移而变化的。
101．句意：当人们为商品或服务付款时，他们会使用一些种类的货币。some后接可数名词复数，kind表“种类”为可数名词，故用复数形式kinds，some kinds of为固定搭配。
102．句意：但是你知道货币是如何随着时间演变的吗？此处为现在完成时，结构为has+过去分词，故填develop的过去分词developed。
103．句意：在人们使用货币之前，他们直接交易商品。此处修饰动词traded，需用副词，故填direct的副词形式directly。
104．句意：在这种情况下，牛被用作一种“货币”形式。主语the cow与动词use是被动关系，且描述过去事件，用一般过去时被动语态，主语为单数，故填was used。
105．句意：即使在今天，我们仍然可以在许多关于金钱或贸易的汉字中看到“贝”的符号。many后接可数名词复数，character表“汉字”为可数名词，故填复数characters。
106．句意：后来，秦始皇将各诸侯国统一起来，建立了秦朝。此处与前面的brought是并列过去谓语，描述过去动作，故填create的过去式created。
107．句意：为了让全国各地的生意做得更容易，他让全国统一使用同一种货币——一枚中间有个方孔的圆形硬币。统一货币后做生意比之前更便捷，暗含比较含义，故填easy的比较级easier。
108．句意：有了这样一个孔，人们可以用绳子把钱串起来，容易地随身携带。此处修饰动词carry，需用副词，故填easy的副词形式easily。
109．句意：几个世纪后，当用于制造货币的金属变少时，宋朝政府开始制造纸币——“两”。介词for后接动词动名词形式，故填make的动名词making。
110．句意：货币肯定将继续以某种形式存在。continue to do sth是固定搭配，表“继续做某事”，符合语境“未来金钱仍会以某种形式继续存在”，故填to exist。
111．busiest 112．developed 113．an 114．colourful 115．and 116．for 117．worried 118．directions 119．kindness 120．visiting
【导语】本文介绍香港是繁华城市，发展迅速，景点丰富，市民友善，作者曾受帮助，期待再次游览。
111．句意：它是世界上最繁忙的城市之一。“one of the + 形容词最高级 + 复数名词”是固定结构，表示“最……之一”，此处为形容词busy的最高级。
112．句意：自从回归中国，它快速发展。“since”引导的时间状语从句，主句用现在完成时，结构为“has + 过去分词”，develop的过去分词为developed。
113．句意：你在那里一定会有一次不寻常的经历。“unusual”以元音音素开头，表达“一次”的含义时，需用不定冠词an。
114．句意：你可以看海洋动物，比如海豚跃出水面和五彩缤纷的鱼游来游去。修饰名词“fish”需要用形容词，colour的形容词形式为colourful。
115．句意：香港人大多会说中文和英文。“both...and...”是固定搭配，表示“……和……都”。
116．句意：我迷路了，向一位老妇人求助。“ask sb. for help”是固定搭配，表示“向某人求助”。
117．句意：我如此担心以至于快要哭了。“so + 形容词 + that...”是固定结构，worry的形容词形式为worried，表示“担心的”。
118．句意：她立刻拿出手机给丈夫打电话问路。“ask for”后接名词作宾语，ask for directions表示“问路”。
119．句意：我非常感谢她的善良。形容词性物主代词“her”后接名词，kind的名词形式为kindness，表示“善意”。
120．句意：我期待未来再次游览它。“look forward to doing sth.”是固定搭配，表示“期待做某事”，此处填动名词。
121．types 122．coins 123．of 124．directly 125．sheep 126．used 127．development 128．borrowed 129．easier 130．a
【导语】本文介绍了货币的演变历史，从古代的物物交换、贝壳、牲畜，到后来的盐、谷物、奶酪、金属等，展现了不同形式货币的发展历程。
121．句意：你知道哪些类型的货币？what后接可数名词复数，type的复数形式是types。
122．句意：你可能会说硬币和纸币。coin是可数名词，和banknotes并列，用复数形式coins。
123．句意：但是你知道在古代有许多不同形式的货币吗？“forms of money”表示“货币的形式”，用介词of。
124．句意：起初，人们直接以物易物。此处用副词修饰动词traded，direct的副词形式是directly。
125．句意：他们使用贝壳、羽毛以及像鸡和羊这样的动物作为天然产品。sheep单复数同形，和hens并列，用复数形式sheep。
126．句意：贝壳货币最早在中国古代被使用。“be used”表示“被使用”，use的过去分词是used。
127．句意：随着社会的发展，人们开始使用盐、谷物和布等物品进行交易。“with the development of…”表示“随着……的发展”，develop的名词形式是development。
128．句意：在意大利北部，人们从银行借钱时会用奶酪作为抵押。故事用一般过去时，borrow的过去式是borrowed。
129．句意：后来，为了让做生意更容易，人们开始使用金属作为货币。暗含与之前的对比，用easy的比较级easier。
130．句意：在中国古代，黄金不仅是财富，也是权力的象征。“a symbol of…”表示“……的象征”，用不定冠词a。
131．paying 132．Because 133．personal 134．as 135．development 136．putting 137．amounts 138．twice 139．If /When 140．achieve
【导语】本文讨论了现代手机支付的便利性，同时也提醒人们注意保护个人信息。
131．句意：如今，许多人更喜欢用手机支付。介词“for”后需接动名词形式。
132．句意：因为你不需要携带现金或卡片。根据“you don’t need to carry cash or cards.”可知，此处为原因状语从句，because意为“因为”，符合语境。
133．句意：然而，我们必须记住要保护我们的个人信息安全。此处需用形容词修饰名词“information”，personal意为“个人的，私人的”，符合语境。
134．句意：过去，人们用不同的东西，比如贝壳或奶牛，作为一种货币形式。“use...as...”是固定搭配，意为“把……用作……”。
135．句意：如今，由于技术的快速发展，数字货币正变得越来越流行。形容词“rapid”后需用名词形式，且“the development of”是常见搭配，意为“……的发展”。
136．句意：如果你想省钱，可以从把硬币放进储钱罐开始。介词“by”后需接动名词形式。
137．句意：即使是小数额，随着时间的推移也会累积起来。“amount”意为“数额”，可数名词，根据“small”判断需用复数形式，“small amounts”表示多个小数额。
138．句意：我妈妈总是告诉我在买贵重物品前要三思。“think twice”是固定短语，意为“再三考虑”。
139．句意：如果我/当我遵循她的建议，我就能在消费和储蓄之间保持良好的平衡。根据“…I follow her advice, I can keep a good balance between spending and saving”可知，此处可引导条件或时间状语从句，表示“如果”或“当……时”。
140．句意：我相信，如果我们节约每一枚硬币，总有一天我们能实现我们的梦想。情态动词“can”后需用动词原形，“achieve dreams”意为“实现梦想”。
141．the 142．was influenced 143．finishing 144．challenges 145．slowly 146．as 147．Though/Although 148．have practised 149．what 150．to experience
【导语】本文讲述了中国神舟十九号任务成员王浩泽的成长经历和成为宇航员的梦想。
141．句意：在大学期间，她是班上的尖子生。根据“at...top of her class”可知，此处是短语“at the top of”，表示“在……的顶端”，所以此处填定冠词the。
142．句意：她受到一位教授的影响，决定加入航天器研究界。根据“by a professor”可知，此处表示“被影响”，用被动语态；结合上下文可知，句子时态是一般过去时，所以此处用一般过去时的被动语态“was influenced”。
143．句意：完成学业后，王成为北京一个致力于研究火箭发动机的小组的成员。根据“After...her studies”可知，此处表示“完成学业后”，“after”是介词，后接动名词作宾语，所以此处填“finish”的动名词形式“finishing”。
144．句意：面对新的挑战，她喜欢学习和克服困难。根据“new”可知，此处表示“新的挑战”，“challenge”是可数名词，此处应用复数形式“challenges”。
145．句意：她逐渐成为团队的中坚力量。根据“became”可知，此处修饰动词，应用副词形式；“slow”的副词形式是“slowly”，表示“逐渐地”。
146．句意：三年后，王和17名男性被选为中国第三批宇航员。根据“chosen...China’s third batch of astronauts”可知，此处表示“被选为中国第三批宇航员”，“be chosen as”表示“被选为……”，所以此处填“as”。
147．句意：尽管她面临许多挑战，但她从未考虑过停止。根据“...she faced many challenges, she had never considered stopping.”可知，前后句是转折关系，且“she faced many challenges”是让步状语从句，所以此处用“Though”或“Although”引导让步状语从句，表示“尽管”。
148．句意：我们在地面上已经练习了很多年很多次。根据“for many years”可知，此处表示“已经练习了很多年”，用现在完成时“have/has done”；主语“We”是复数，所以此处用“have practised”。
149．句意：飞到空间站去看看它是什么样子是我的梦想。根据“...it looks like”可知，此处表示“它是什么样子”，“what”引导宾语从句，在从句中作“looks like”的宾语，所以此处填“what”。
150．句意：我喜欢漂浮在天宫里，体验失重的兴奋。根据“I like floating (漂浮) inside Tiangong...the excitement of weightlessness.”可知，此处表示“体验失重的兴奋”，用动词不定式作目的状语，所以此处填“to experience”。
151．by 152．fell 153．so/and 154．with 155．to put 156．quickly 157．with 158．taking 159．better 160．an
【导语】本文是记叙文，介绍了露西骑车受伤、父亲急救送医的故事，强调学习急救知识的重要性。
151．句意：一天，当她独自在后院骑自行车时，一件可怕的事情发生了。固定搭配by oneself表示“独自地”，符合“Lucy独自在后院骑车”的语境。
152．句意：她的自行车撞到了一块大石头。露西摔倒在地，撞伤了头。全文为一般过去时，fall的过去式是fell，表示“Lucy摔倒在地”。
153．句意：幸运的是，露西的爸爸之前上过急救课，所以他知道该如何处理这种情况。前文“爸爸学过急救”是原因，后文“他知道如何处理”是结果，用so/and表因果顺承。
154．句意：幸运的是，露西的爸爸之前上过急救课，所以他知道该如何处理这种情况。固定搭配deal with表示“处理、应对”，符合“处理这种情况”的语境。
155．句意：她看起来状态不错，但他知道需要用冷敷物敷在她的头上，来消肿。固定结构need to do sth.表示“需要做某事”，因此用不定式to put。
156．句意：于是他迅速把她抱进屋里，在她的头上敷了些冰。修饰动词got要用副词，quick的副词形式是quickly，表示“快速地把她带进屋里”。
157．句意：他清理了伤口，敷了药，然后用绷带把伤口包扎好。固定搭配cover...with...表示“用……覆盖……”，符合“用绷带包扎伤口”的语境。
158．句意：休息了一小会儿后，肿胀消了不少，但露西开始呕吐。介词after后接动名词，take的动名词形式是taking。
159．句意：休息了一小会儿后，肿胀消了不少，但露西开始呕吐。much修饰形容词比较级，good的比较级是better，表示“肿胀好了很多”。
160．句意：医生给她量了体温，拍了一张X光片，并且陪了她一整晚。X-ray以元音音素开头，用不定冠词an，表示“拍了一张X光片”。
161．activities 162．watching 163．to play 164．interesting 165．Surprisingly 166．taught 167．winning 168．and 169．better 170．a
【导语】本文主要通过作者自身从沉迷室内娱乐到主动参与户外运动的转变经历，讲述了运动带来的身心变化。
161．句意：我几乎从不做户外活动。activity是可数名词，此处表示泛指的“各类活动”，需用复数形式activities。
162．句意：我大部分时间都在家看电视或玩电子游戏。固定搭配spend time (in) doing sth.表示“花费时间做某事”，watch需变为动名词watching。
163．句意：我的父母说：“为什么不出去和你的朋友们一起做运动呢？”“出去”的目的是“做运动”，此处应用动词不定式to play作目的状语。
164．句意：有一天，我决定试着在小区里打篮球，之后我发现和家人一起打球这件事很有趣。固定结构“find it+adj.+to do sth.”中，it作形式宾语，需用形容词作宾语补足语；修饰事物“打篮球”这件事，应用interesting。
165．句意：令人惊讶的是，我在短时间内取得了很大的进步。此处修饰整个句子，需用副词surprisingly，注意句首单词首字母需大写。
166．句意：做运动不仅帮助我保持健康，还教会了我一些重要的生活技能，比如团队合作。not only... but also...连接并列谓语，前半句“helped”是一般过去时，teach需用过去式taught。
167．句意：我明白了胜利不是一切。句中“that”引导宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，需用动名词winning作主语，表示“胜利”这件事。
168．句意：随着我坚持打篮球，我开始变得更自信，也交到了更多朋友。“feel more confident”和“made more friends”是并列的谓语结构，应用并列连词and连接。
169．句意：我也开始注意到我在课堂上的表现比以前好很多。句中“than before”提示此处需用比较级，well的比较级为better。
170．句意：打篮球给我的生活带来了很大的改变，我会一直保持活跃和健康。固定搭配make a big difference表示“产生很大影响、带来很大改变”，应填不定冠词a。
171．the 172．harmful 173．ourselves 174．an 175．flashlight 176．more often 177．quickly 178．from 179．more carefully 180．because/as 181．to fight 182．better 183．bravely 184．when 185．successfully
【导语】本文指出地震、沙尘暴等自然灾害随时会发生，且危害巨大，从提前准备应急物品、学习避险方法等多个方面，介绍了灾害来临时保护自身的方法，提醒人们提前做好应对准备。
171．句意：地震、沙尘暴、飓风这类自然灾害一直都在我们周边发生。all the time是固定短语，意为 “一直；始终”，冠词the符合语境。
172．句意：它们危害性很强，因此我们必须学会在灾害来临时保护自己。此处作表语，表示这些灾害是有害的，需要用harm的形容词形式harmful “有害的”。
173．句意：它们危害性很强，所以我们必须学会在灾难来临时保护自己。主语是we，对应的反身代词是ourselves “我们自己”。
174．句意：首先，我们应当在家准备一个应急包。emergency是以元音音素开头的单词，此处表示 “一个应急包”，用不定冠词an修饰。
175．句意：应急包中需要放入足够的食物、干净的水、一支手电筒、一个急救包以及其他有用物品。前面有不定冠词a，此处用可数名词单数flashlight “手电筒”。
176．句意：我们应当比以往更频繁地检查应急包，确保所有物品都状态完好。根据句中的than可知，此处需要用often的比较级more often。
177．句意：如果发生地震，在室内时我们要迅速躲到结实的桌子下方。此处修饰动词hide，需要用quick的副词形式quickly“快速地”。
178．句意：如果在户外，就找一块开阔区域，远离高楼和树木。stay away from是固定短语，意为 “远离”，from符合语境。
179．句意：你行动越谨慎，就会越安全。此处是 “the + 比较级，the + 比较级” 结构，修饰动词act，需要用careful的副词形式carefully，其比较级是more carefully。
180．句意：我们还应当关注灾害预警，因为预警能帮助我们及时为灾害做好准备。前半句 “我们应该关注预警” 和后半句 “它能帮我们及时为灾难做准备” 是因果关系，用连词because/as表原因。
181．句意：此外，我们应当采取行动对抗自然灾害带来的不良影响。take action to do sth. 是固定短语，意为 “采取行动做某事”，此处用动词不定式to fight。
182．句意：我们种的树越多，环境就会越好。此处是 “the + 比较级，the + 比较级” 结构，需要用good的比较级better。
183．句意：可怕的超级风暴可能会摧毁房屋，但如果我们勇敢面对，就能渡过难关。此处修饰动词face，需要用brave的副词形式bravely “勇敢地”。
184．句意：没人知道灾害会何时来临，但如果我们一直准备充分，就能成功从灾害中脱险。此处引导宾语从句，表示时间，用连词when。
185．句意：没人知道灾害会何时来临，但如果我们一直准备充分，就能成功从灾害中脱险。此处修饰动词survive，需要用successful的副词形式successfully “成功地”。
186．an 187．neighbors 188．from 189．was 190．himself 191．what 192．truly 193．to depend 194．However 195．tries
【导语】本文讲述了作者在清洁公司工作时，遇到一位善良的顾客David，他悄悄为独居、刚出院的邻居Mr. Smith支付清洁费用，帮助对方减轻负担的暖心故事，最终点明了“总有人默默关心、尽力帮助你”的温暖主旨。
186．句意：“我想帮一位住在隔壁的老人。”此处泛指“一位老人”，old以元音音素开头，需用不定冠词an，符合语法规则。
187．句意：他联系我们，是因为他很担心他的一位邻居，Smith 先生。固定结构one of + 可数名词复数表示 “…… 之一”，neighbor的复数形式为neighbors，符合语境。
188．句意：Smith先生刚从医院回来。固定搭配come back from...表示“从…… 回来”，此处填介词from，符合语义逻辑。
189．句意：甚至扫地对他来说都很困难。句子主语是动名词短语sweeping the floor，动名词作主语时谓语动词用单数，全文为一般过去时，be动词用was，符合语法。
190．句意：没人能帮他，因为他独自居住。固定搭配by oneself表示“独自、单独”，此处对应主语 he，反身代词为himself，符合语境。
191．句意：然后我们问 David，如果Smith先生拒绝让我们进他家，会发生什么。此处为宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，表示“什么”，用连接代词what引导，符合语法。
192．句意：“我至少要试一试，无论如何，我真的想帮他，”他说。此处修饰动词want，需用副词形式，true的副词为truly，符合语法规则。
193．句意：有时我们不指望依赖别人，因为我们害怕给他们添麻烦。固定搭配expect to do sth.表示“指望 / 期待做某事”，此处用不定式to depend，符合语法。
194．句意：然而，总有关心你、尽全力帮你的人。前文讲“我们害怕麻烦别人，不指望依赖他人”，后文讲“总有人默默帮你”，前后为转折关系，且空后有逗号，用However“然而”，符合语境。
195．句意：然而，总有关心你、尽全力帮你的人。此处与cares并列，作定语从句的谓语，主语who指代先行词someone（单数），谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，try的三单为tries，符合语法。
196．in 197．less 198．about 199．to 200．our 201．ourselves 202．but 203．with 204．to feel 205．talking
【导语】本文主要介绍了自然灾害的危害、人类活动对自然灾害的影响，点明了预防灾害、保护自身的重要性，并给出了灾后应对不良情绪的可行建议。
196．句意：自然灾害会破坏环境、损毁房屋，甚至造成大量人员死亡。固定搭配in large numbers表示“大量地”，符合“造成大量死亡”的语境。
197．句意：热浪会杀死鱼类和海洋植物，因此人们能获得的海鲜也更少了。热浪杀死海洋生物后，人们拥有的海鲜比之前更少，用little的比较级less。
198．句意：人类活动会引发自然灾害。固定搭配bring about表示“引发，带来”，此处指人类活动引发自然灾害，符合语境。
199．句意：燃烧煤炭会导致全球变暖。固定搭配lead to表示“导致”，符合“燃煤会导致全球变暖”的句意。
200．句意：我们应该尽最大努力预防自然灾害。固定搭配try one’s best表示“尽某人最大努力”，用we的形容词性物主代词our。
201．句意：我们也应该学会如何在自然灾害中保护我们自己。此处表示“保护我们自己”，用we的反身代词ourselves。
202．句意：灾害过后，一些人可能身体没有受伤，但可能会感到悲伤、恐惧或无助。空前“一些人身体没有受伤”和空后“会感到悲伤恐惧”是转折关系，用转折连词but。
203．句意：找到处理这些情绪的方法十分重要。固定搭配deal with表示“处理”，此处指处理不良情绪，符合语境。
204．句意：允许自己感受并接纳这些情绪。固定搭配allow sb to do sth表示“允许某人做某事”，故填to feel。
205．句意：和他们交谈之后你会感觉好很多。after是介词，介词后接动名词形式，故填talking。
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