（期末培优卷）期末素养达标培优卷-2025-2026学年八年级下册英语鲁教版（五四学制）（含答案解析）
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| 名称 | （期末培优卷）期末素养达标培优卷-2025-2026学年八年级下册英语鲁教版（五四学制）（含答案解析） |
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| 格式 | docx | ||
| 文件大小 | 140.6KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 试卷 | ||
| 版本资源 | 鲁教版（五四学制） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2026-06-05 00:00:00 | ||
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/ 让学习更有效 期末培优卷 | 英语学科
/ 让学习更有效 期末培优卷 | 英语学科
2025-2026学年八年级下册英语期末素养达标培优卷鲁教版（五四学制）
试卷满分120分，考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：
1．答卷前、考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在指定位置。
2．选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把对应题目的答案标号涂黑。写在试卷、草稿纸上的非答题区域均无效。
3．非选择题的作答：用黑色签字笔直接答在对应的答题区域内，写在试卷、草稿纸上的非答题区域均无效。
4．考试结束后，请将试卷交回。
一、单项选择（共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分）
从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
1．—Emily’s father seems to know everything.
—So he does! We all admire him for his rich _________.
A．knowledge B．age C．power D．spirit
2．—The sign _________ “You are what you read.” What does that mean, Daddy
—Well, in some ways, everyone, including you and me and other common people around, _________ by all the books he or she has ever read.
A．writes; shaped B．reads; is shaping C．reads; is shaped D．writes; was shaped
3．The bed is too small for the tall man ________ .
A．to lie B．lying C．to lie on D．lying on
4．A new house ________ at the corner next year.
A．is building B．will be built C．was built D．is built
5．— What a nice watch! Where did you buy it
— I bought it in a shop near my home. It ________ in Switzerland.
A．makes B．is made C．made D．was made
6．________ where we go, we must follow public rules and show good personal manners.
A．No matter B．No doubt C．Although D．Whether
7．The school sports meeting ________ next month. All the students are looking forward to it.
A．will hold B．held C．is held D．will be held
8．—Every year, black-headed gulls (红嘴鸥) fly thousands of kilometers to Kunming without getting lost.
—Wow! ________ unusual ability they have!
A．How B．What C．What a D．What an
9．Today, teenagers should be taught to spend their pocket money ________.
A．successfully B．wisely C．carelessly D．freely
10．She is so shy that she _________ speak in public.
A．dare not B．dares not C．don’t dare D．doesn’t dare
二、完形填空（共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分）
You may notice that horses appear in many Chinese idioms. These horse-related sayings provide fascinating glimpses (一瞥) into Chinese culture and ancient 11 .
“A horse that covers a thousand miles” is a famous horse idiom. It describes someone with great talent or potential (潜能). Chinese parents often use this phrase to encourage their children, hoping they’ll become “Thousand-mile horses” who 12 great things. The idiom comes from ancient times when people believed some special horses could run 1,000 miles in a single day. It also tells us that everyone has the chance to 13 their dreams if they work hard.
“A swift horse needs a good rider” adds another meaning. 14 talented people (“swift horses”) are common, good leaders who can find talented people (“good riders”) are not. This saying reminds us that talent isn’t enough—— you need someone who 15 you and gives you chances. With their help, you can show your 16 better.
“An old horse knows the way” celebrates the wisdom from 17 . Just as an old horse remembers safe paths through mountains, experienced people can guide others through hard times.
This idiom shows that Chinese 18 the elders and their rich knowledge. It also tells us to listen to the elders’ 19 when we meet difficulties.
“A painted horse won’t run” warns us not to value appearance more than real things. No matter how beautifully you paint a horse, it will never run. 20 , beautiful promises without real action are useless. This idiom teaches us to value practical results over 21 words.
These horse idioms show how ancient Chinese people watched horses’ strength and intelligence. They turned their observations into useful lessons about human nature and success. Today, these idioms are still 22 in our daily life. We can use them to encourage ourselves, 23 others and learn valuable lessons. They help us understand Chinese culture better and become better people who can 24 challenges bravely and 25 our goals finally.
11．A．success B．palace C．wisdom D．wonder
12．A．achieve B．afford C．avoid D．accept
13．A．forget B．realize C．break D．change
14．A．Although B．Since C．If D．When
15．A．depends on B．agrees with C．cares for D．believes in
16．A．habit B．hobby C．talent D．interest
17．A．experience B．ability C．memory D．honor
18．A．record B．respect C．remind D．require
19．A．news B．advice C．stories D．jokes
20．A．Simply B．Exactly C．Similarly D．Properly
21．A．helpful B．correct C．real D．empty
22．A．boring B．difficult C．useful D．expensive
23．A．teach B．help C．beat D．stop
24．A．face B．hide C．refuse D．leave
25．A．reach B．give C．lose D．miss
三、阅读理解（共两节, 20小题; 每小题2分, 满分40分）
第一节: 阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。
A
The 2026 Spring Festival Gala (春晚) was full of amazing shows. It brought joy and warmth to millions of families on New Year’s Eve. Let’s have a look at some popular performances.
Wu BOT It was an amazing robot performance. On the stage, several robots moved in perfect sync (同步) with young Chinese kung fu performers. This performance was a great mix of traditional Chinese culture and modern technology.
Ode to the Flower Deities《贺花神》 It was a dance performance. It brought the twelve months to life through twelve flower goddesses (女神). The program used modern technology to bring traditional Chinese culture to life. And it showed the changes of seasons and expressed the beauty of nature.
The Charm of the Ancient Silk Road It was a dance performance. It mixed the ancient civilization of the Silk Road with modern art, bringing the thousand-year-old Dunhuang culture to life on the modern stage.
Spring Glow Over the Pear Garden《春晖满梨园》 It was an opera show that brought five opera styles together. It was special because of four generations (代) of performers on one stage. It showed traditional Chinese opera skills are passed down from generation to generation.
26．How many popular performances are introduced in the text
A．1. B．2. C．3. D．4.
27．Which performance was about the 12 months
A．Wu BOT. B．Ode to the Flower Deities.
C．The Charm of the Ancient Silk Road. D．Spring Glow Over the Pear Garden.
28．What do we know about The Charm of the Ancient Silk Road
A．It was a robot performance.
B．It showed traditional opera culture.
C．It brought Dunhuang culture to life.
D．It used flower goddesses to stand for twelve months.
29．What made Spring Glow Over the Pear Garden special
A．Four generations of performers on one stage.
B．The mix of ancient civilization with modern art.
C．The changes of seasons and the beauty of nature.
D．The mix of traditional Chinese culture and modern technology.
30．What do the four performances have in common
A．They all show the beauty of nature.
B．They are all related to traditional Chinese culture.
C．They are all performed in the same form of dance.
D．They all include amazing robots and new technology.
B
①Some people say that the UK and the US are two countries that are separated (分割) by a common language. It means although both Americans and the British speak English, there are many differences in the way they use the language. Having studied in both countries, I have found the differences are more than differences such as pronunciations and spellings. A big difference is communication styles (风格).
②I spent one term in the UK, and the biggest challenge for me was that people don’t always say things directly. The British are famous for being polite. So polite, in fact, that they sometimes say the contrary of what they really mean. For example, when the British say “I almost agree", don’t think they have similar opinions to you. Actually, they mean “I don’t agree at all”. Before I could fully understand how the British communicate, I went home.
③Later, I went to study in the US for one year. I found that Americans like to be straight with others. When I spoke to them, I often had trouble getting straight to the point. For example, when I wanted to ask for help, I liked to say, “Excuse me, I’m terribly sorry to bother you, but I seem to be lost. Would you be so kind to lend me a hand in finding my way to the nearest station ” But Americans would find it strange. They would just say, “Hey, sorry to bother you. I’m really lost and need to find the nearest station. Can you help me ” I realized I had to learn a whole new way of communicating.
④Now, I have a better understanding of how to communicate in both countries, but I still have a lot to learn. As my experiences show, learning the pronunciation and spelling of words in a language is just the beginning!
31．What does the underlined word “contrary” in paragraph 2 probably mean
A．Opposite. B．Similarity. C．Meaning. D．Same.
32．How does the writer develop paragraph 2
A．By explaining the facts. B．By using numbers.
C．By giving an example. D．By comparing two facts.
33．What do we know about the writer from the last paragraph
A．She has found a new way to learn English. B．She has a long way to go to learn English.
C．She wants to start learning English again. D．She plans to study in the US for longer.
34．Which of the following shows the structure of the passage (①=paragraph 1; ②paragraph 2 ...)
A．①②/③④ B．①/②③/④ C．①②/③/④ D．①/②/③④
35．What’s the best title for the passage
A．Communicating like the British
B．Ways of Making Communication Interesting
C．The UK and the US: the Common Language, Different Styles
D．The UK and the US: Different Countries, Common Cultures
C
Anger isn’t a good feeling. Anger may make us feel uncomfortable, but it’s also a normal and natural emotion in daily life. Unluckily, many of us are used to hiding our feelings. Research shows that this can have long-term bad influences (影响) on our health, both in mind and body.
Is it better to cry or break things whenever something makes us angry The research points out that when we show our anger in this way, we probably can’t get on well with our friends and our family. The longer we stay angry, the worse the result will be. So how can we deal with our angry feelings in a right way
First, ▲ Anger is often caused by feelings such as fear, disappointment and so on. By finding out the true cause, we can deal with it more effectively (有效的). Second, pay attention to those everyday things that will make us angry. For example, we may get angry in the long lines at the store. Take a step back and think that it isn’t personal. Everyone in the line has dinner to make, just like us. Another way to deal with anger is to talk about it. The study shows that if we name our feelings, we can slowly calm ourselves down and feel better. Last, do some controlled breathing or find some helpful exercise to do. Exercise helps with feelings of anger.
If we learn to deal with anger properly, we will feel calmer, get on better with others and live a happier life.
36．How does the writer lead into the topic in Paragraph 2
A．By telling a story.
B．By asking a question.
C．By giving an example.
D．By listing numbers.
37．Which of the following is right
(X means how long we stay angry; Y means the bad influence it will have.)
A．B． C． D．
38．Which of the following can be put in“ ▲ ”in Paragraph 3
A．learn to control our anger.
B．know what makes us angry.
C．hide our bad feeling quietly.
D．try not to be angry.
39．Which can help deal with feelings of anger according to the passage
① Taking some exercise.
② Eating delicious food.
③ Talking about the feelings.
④ Doing some controlled breathing.
A．①②③ B．②③④ C．①③④ D．①②④
40．Which of the following can be the best title for the passage
A．What makes you angry
B．Why are you angry
C．When to deal with anger
D．How to deal with anger
第二节: 阅读下面短文, 从短文后所给的选项中选出能填入短文空白处的最佳选项, 使短文通顺连贯, 其中有两项是多余选项。
A survey shows that the number of lonely adults is increasing. According to recent research, loneliness can have harmful effects on health. So if you feel lonely at times, be sure to care about it. Here are some tips for you to avoid being lonely.
Make time to meet people
Maybe it seems that you don’t have time to meet new friends, but you need to consider (考虑) your social life first. 41 You can even offer to take a neighbor’s dog for a walk. The neighbor will surely like to make friends with you.
Build your community online
Without doubt, it’s difficult for you to meet like-minded people. However, the Internet can easily bring people with the same interests together. 42 Try some safe websites, which list local groups and events, bringing people with common interests together.
Know more about your friends
In order to find possible friends, try to know more about them. What do they like doing Join one of their activities. What subject are they interested in 43 In this way, you can know each other much better.
Work as volunteers
Volunteering is good for both body and mind. It gives you the chance to communicate with people. Helping at the local food store or in a charity (慈善) shop will give you a warm feeling and you’ll get to know other volunteers. 44
Plan ahead
45 Rather than just suggesting meeting together, carry it out with an exact date and a careful plan. If you plan to meet more people, making a survey about the plan ahead of time will make the meeting more successful.
A．Find out more about it and discuss it with them.
B．So it is easy to build an online friend community.
C．There are so many ways you can talk face to face now.
D．Everyone’s busy, so getting people together needs a good plan.
E．It’ll also give you something to talk about with friends and family.
F．Instead of checking your phone, go for a walk and chat with someone.
G．If you want to meet someone, just do it!
四、词汇运用（共10小题; 每小题1分, 满分10分）
根据短文内容和汉语提示，写出空白处各单词的正确形式。每空限填一词。
Mountain climbing is a(n) 46 (令人痛苦的) but meaningful activity. Every year, thousands of people try to reach the top of high mountains around the world.
Many people dream of reaching the top of high mountains, but the journey is never easy. Good 47 (登山运动员) must learn to stay calm and face all the difficulties along the way. It takes months of preparation and a strong mind to deal with the challenges. When the weather turns 48 (糟糕的), they need to make wise decisions. In such dangerous situations, even a small mistake can lead to serious results. Thinking 49 (清楚地) is very important for each of them.
The 50 (压力) from high places and thin air can be huge. Some people find it hard to breathe when they go too high, and their bodies start to feel weak. Sometimes there is a(n) 51 (意见不合) between team members about which path to take. When this happens, the team must work together and find a solution quickly, because staying together is the only way to stay safe. A good guide can 52 (提供) useful advice and help solve 53 (富有挑战性的) situations. The guide also needs to watch the weather and decide when it is too dangerous to continue.
Climbing also makes it 54 (必要的) to have great patience, strong will, and a brave heart. Without these qualities, it is almost impossible to reach the top of a really high mountain.
When you feel tired and your face turns 55 (苍白的), remember to rest and trust your team. With the help of each other, you can overcome difficulties and enjoy the beautiful views from the top.
五、选词填空（共10小题; 每小题1分, 满分10分）
阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。
country they greet shake with high together one but say
People in Thailand have a special 56 way. They usually greet people with their hands 57 . The more honoured the person is, the 58 the hands are raised. In fact, different 59 have different social skills.
Germans pay more attention to the form of etiquette (礼仪). When meeting with guests on social occasions, they usually 60 hands with people. When they meet 61 their friends or relatives, they generally perform the hug salute.
Indians sometimes greet people with humorous words or actions. 62 sometimes they behave seriously. For example, it is important 63 hello to the oldest or the most senior person.
In the United States, people are more relaxed in 64 communication with each other. Even though it’s the 65 time they meet, it is not necessary to shake hands. Just smile and say hello.
六、阅读表达（共 5 小题; 每小题 2分, 满分10分）
Most people have heard of the Great Wall of China, but not many people outside of China know about the Grand Canal (大运河). This manmade waterway, known in China as Da Yunhe, is 1,700 kilometres long and some parts of it are more than 2,000 years old. It links (连接) the north of China with Hangzhou, a city in the southern part of the country. It’s the longest manmade waterway in the world.
It was built as a way to transport food from the rich land in China’s south to cities in the north. In fact, it’s not one canal, but a system of canals and rivers linked together.
It’s still an important part of the transport system in China. Thousands of boats use it every day to transport food and many other kinds of things.
China is now doing new work on the Grand Canal. It is making part of it deeper, so bigger ships can pass. The canal will also help to move water. There is a lot of rain in the south of China, but not so much in the north. The canal will carry lots of water from the south to the north.
The Grand Canal is much less famous than the Great Wall, and not very many visitors know it. But it sees the changes in Chinese history. It’s possible to go on a trip along some of the oldest parts of the canal. Visitors can see beautiful parts of China that others don’t see.
根据短文内容，回答下列问题。
66．How long is Da Yunhe
67．Which city does the Grand Canal link with the north of China
68．What was the Grand Canal built for
69．How can bigger ships pass through the Grand Canal
70．Is the Great Wall more famous than the Grand Canal
七、书面表达（共1小题; 满分25分）
71．随着社会的发展，我们的生活变得越来越好。学校英语角本周的主题是“Changes Around us”。请你根据下表中的提示，用英语写一篇短文，谈谈自己的看法。
注意：
1. 表达中应包含所给要点，可适当发挥，使短文连贯、通顺。
2. 词数90词左右，开头已给出，不计入总词数。
3. 表达中请勿提及真实校名及姓名。
Changes Around Us
In the past few years, great changes have taken place around us.
/ 让学习更有效 期末培优卷 | 英语学科
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参考答案及试题解析
1．A
【解析】句意：——艾米丽的父亲似乎知道一切。——的确如此！我们都钦佩他丰富的知识。
knowledge知识；age年龄；power力量；spirit精神。根据“Emily’s father seems to know everything.”可知，因为他似乎知道一切，所以我们都钦佩他丰富的“知识”。
2．C
【解析】句意：——标志上写着“你读什么，你就是什么样的人。”爸爸，那是什么意思？——嗯，在某些方面，每个人，包括你、我以及周围其他普通人，都受他或她所读过的所有书的影响。
writes写；reads读。第一空，主语“The sign”与“写内容”之间为主动关系，表示标志上“写着”，应用reads（固定用法，read的第三人称单数形式，意为“内容是”），不选writes；第二空，主语“everyone”与“塑造”之间为被动关系，表示“被……塑造”，且为一般性陈述，应用一般现在时的被动语态is shaped。
3．C
【解析】句意：这张床太小了，那个高个子男人躺在上面都躺不下。
固定句型“too+形容词+for sb.+to do sth.”表示“太……以至于某人不能……”，空处应用动词不定式，lie是不及物动词，意为“躺”，本句中The bed是动作发生的地点，介词on不能省略。选项C符合题意。
4．B
【解析】句意：明年将在角落处建造一座新房子。
句中时间状语“next year”表明动作发生在将来，需用一般将来时；主语“A new house”与谓语“build”之间是被动关系，因此需用被动语态。一般将来时的被动语态结构为“will be + 过去分词”，应填will be built。
5．D
【解析】句意：——多漂亮的手表啊！你在哪里买的？——我在家附近的一家商店买的。它是瑞士制造的。
makes制造（主动，三单）；is made被制造（一般现在时被动）；made制造（过去式/分词）；was made被制造（一般过去时被动）。主语It指代手表，与制造之间是被动关系；根据前句“I bought it”可知买发生在过去，制造发生在买之前，因此为一般过去时的被动语态。
6．A
【解析】句意：无论我们去哪里，都要遵守公共规则，展现良好的个人礼仪。
no matter where意为 “无论哪里”，引导让步状语从句；no doubt毫无疑问；although虽然；whether是否。结合语境，此处表示无论去往何处，应填No matter。
7．D
【解析】句意：学校运动会下个月将举行。所有学生都期待着它。
根据时间状语next month可知，动作发生在将来，需用一般将来时；主语The school sports meeting是动词hold的承受者，需用被动语态。一般将来时的被动语态结构为will be+过去分词。应填will be held。
8．D
【解析】句意：——每年，红嘴鸥飞行数千公里到达昆明而不会迷路。——哇！它们拥有多么不寻常的能力啊！
感叹句中心词为名词ability，应用What引导。ability为可数名词单数，且修饰词unusual以元音音素开头，不定冠词用an，结构为“What an+形容词+名词”。
9．B
【解析】句意：如今，应该教育青少年明智地使用他们的零花钱。
successfully成功地；wisely明智地；carelessly粗心地；freely自由地。根据语境，教育青少年使用零花钱应是正向的引导，且wisely修饰spend，表示“理性、有计划地花钱”，符合逻辑。
10．A
【解析】句意：她是如此害羞以至于她不敢在公共场合讲话。
dare“敢”，作情态动词时，无人称和数的变化，否定形式为dare not，后接动词原形；作实义动词时，否定形式需借助助动词do/does，后常接to do。根据空格后为动词原形speak且无to，可知此处dare作情态动词，主语she不改变dare形式。应填dare not。
11．C 12．A 13．B 14．A 15．D 16．C 17．A 18．B 19．B 20．C 21．D 22．C 23．B 24．A 25．A
【导语】本文介绍了多个与马相关的中国成语，解读了成语寓意与其中蕴含的为人处世道理，体现中国古人的智慧，同时说明这类成语在现代生活中的应用价值。
【解析】11．句意：这些与马相关的俗语让我们得以窥见中国文化和古代智慧。
后文围绕成语蕴含的哲理展开，此处需表达“智慧” 的含义。wisdom意为“智慧”，符合语境；success意为“成功”，palace意为“宫殿”，wonder意为“奇迹”，均不符合语境。
12．句意：它描述拥有巨大天赋或潜力的人。中国父母常常用这句话鼓励孩子，希望他们能成为成就大事的“千里马”。
根据上下文，此处需与“great things”搭配，表达“成就”的含义。achieve意为“实现；成就”，符合语境；afford意为“负担得起”，avoid意为“避免”，accept意为“接受”，均无法与great things合理搭配。
13．句意：它也告诉我们，如果努力奋斗，每个人都有机会实现梦想。
此处搭配“their dreams”，需表达“实现”的含义。realize意为“实现”，符合语境；forget意为 “忘记”，break意为“打破”，change意为“改变”，均不符合语义逻辑。
14．句意：尽管有才能的人很常见，但能发现人才的优秀领导者却不多。
前后句存在让步转折关系，Although意为“尽管”，引导让步状语从句，符合语境；Since意为“因为；自从”，If意为“如果”，When意为“当……时”，均不符合句子逻辑。
15．句意：这句俗语提醒我们，仅有天赋是不够的——你需要有人信任你，给你机会。
此处与“gives you chances”并列，需表达“信任”的含义。believes in意为“信任；相信”，符合语境；depends on意为“依靠”，agrees with意为“同意”，cares for意为“照顾”，均不符合语境。
16．句意：在他们的帮助下，你可以更好地展现你的天赋。
前文提及“talented people”，此处对应表达“天赋”的含义。talent意为“天赋；才能”，符合语境；habit意为“习惯”，hobby意为“爱好”，interest意为“兴趣”，均不符合语境。
17．句意：“老马识途”赞颂源于经验的智慧。
后文提及有经验的人可以引导他人，此处需表达“经验”的含义。experience意为“经验”，符合语境；ability意为“能力”，memory意为“记忆”，honor意为“荣誉”，均不符合语境。
18．句意：这个成语表明中国人尊敬长辈和他们丰富的学识。
后文提及听从长辈的建议，此处需表达“尊敬”的含义。respect意为“尊敬”，符合语境；record意为“记录”，remind意为“提醒”，require意为“要求”，均不符合语境。
19．句意：它也告诉我们遇到困难时要听从长辈的建议。
根据上下文，此处需表达“建议”的含义。advice意为“建议”，符合语境；news意为“新闻”，stories意为“故事”，jokes意为“玩笑”，均不符合语境。
20．句意：同样地，没有行动的承诺是无用的。
前文讲述不要看重外表而忽视实际事物，此处类比承诺与行动的关系，similarly意为“同样地”，符合语境；simply意为“简单地”，exactly意为“确切地”，properly意为“适当地”，均不符合逻辑。
21．句意：这个成语教会我们重视实际结果而非空洞的话语。
此处与“practical results”形成对比，需表达“空洞的”含义。empty意为“空洞的；无意义的”，符合语境；helpful意为“有帮助的”，correct意为“正确的”，real意为“真实的”，均不符合语境。
22．句意：如今，这些成语在我们的日常生活中依然有用。
后文提及用成语鼓励自己、帮助他人，此处需表达“有用的”含义。useful意为“有用的”，符合语境；boring意为“无聊的”，difficult意为“困难的”，expensive意为“昂贵的”，均不符合语境。
23．句意：我们可以用它们鼓励自己、帮助他人，学到宝贵的道理。
根据上下文，与“encourage ourselves”并列，需表达“帮助”的含义。help意为“帮助”，符合语境；teach意为“教”，beat意为“打败”，stop意为“停止”，均不符合语境。
24．句意：它们帮助我们更好地理解中国文化，成为能勇敢面对挑战的更好的人并最终实现我们的目标。
根据上下文，此处搭配“challenges”，需表达“面对”的含义。face意为“面对”，符合语境；hide意为“隐藏”，refuse意为“拒绝”，leave意为“离开”，均不符合语境。
25．句意：它们帮助我们更好地理解中国文化，成为能勇敢面对挑战的更好的人并最终实现我们的目标。
根据上下文，此处搭配“our goals”，需表达“实现；达到”的含义。reach意为“达到；实现”，符合语境；give意为“给予”，lose意为“失去”，miss意为“错过”，均不符合语境。
26．D 27．B 28．C 29．A 30．B
【导语】本文介绍了2026年春晚中四个受欢迎的节目及其特色，展示了中国传统文化与现代技术的结合。
【解析】26．文中介绍了Wu BOT、Ode to the Flower Deities、The Charm of the Ancient Silk Road和Spring Glow Over the Pear Garden共四个表演节目。
27．“Ode to the Flower Deities”部分指出：“It brought the twelve months to life through twelve flower goddesses”，该节目通过十二位花神展现了十二个月份。
28．“The Charm of the Ancient Silk Road”部分指出：“bringing the thousand-year-old Dunhuang culture to life on the modern stage”，该节目让敦煌文化在现代舞台上焕发生机。
29．“Spring Glow Over the Pear Garden”部分指出：“It was special because of four generations of performers on one stage”，该节目的特别之处在于四代演员同台演出。
30．综合全文，Wu BOT结合了功夫（传统文化），Ode to the Flower Deities涉及花神（传统文化），The Charm of the Ancient Silk Road涉及丝绸之路和敦煌文化，Spring Glow Over the Pear Garden涉及戏曲。因此，这四个表演的共同点是都与中国传统文化有关。
31．A 32．C 33．B 34．B 35．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，作者通过自己在英国和美国的学习经历，对比了两国虽然都说英语，但在沟通风格上存在显著差异：英国人委婉含蓄，美国人直接坦率。
【解析】31．文章第二段指出英国人有时会说“the contrary of what they really mean”，并举例“I almost agree”实际意思是“I don’t agree at all”，因此contrary意为“相反的”，与opposite同义。
32．文章第二段在说明英国人不直接表达后，给出了具体例子“For example, when the British say ‘I almost agree’...”，因此是通过举例来展开段落。
33．文章最后一段指出“I still have a lot to learn”以及“learning the pronunciation and spelling... is just the beginning”，说明作者在英语学习上还有很长的路要走。
34．第一段（①）总起，指出英美英语差异主要在沟通风格；第二段和第三段（②③）分别具体描述英国和美国的沟通风格；第四段（④）总结自己的感悟。因此结构为①/②③/④。
35．文章围绕英美两国虽共用英语但沟通风格不同这一主题展开，C项准确概括。
36．B 37．A 38．B 39．C 40．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了愤怒是一种正常情绪，长期压抑或不当表达愤怒会带来负面影响，并介绍了正确处理愤怒情绪的方法。
【解析】36．第二段通过提出问题 “So how can we deal with our angry feelings in a right way ” 引出下文对处理愤怒方法的介绍，因此作者是通过提出问题的方式引入主题。
37．第二段提到 “The longer we stay angry, the worse the result will be.”，说明愤怒持续的时间（X）越长，带来的不良影响（Y）越严重，二者呈正相关关系，对应选项A的图像。
38．第三段的空后内容为 “Anger is often caused by feelings such as fear, disappointment and so on. By finding out the true cause, we can deal with it more effectively.”，核心是强调找到愤怒的真正原因，因此空处应填 “know what makes us angry”。
39．第三段介绍了处理愤怒的方法：“Another way to deal with anger is to talk about it.”、“do some controlled breathing or find some helpful exercise to do.”，即①运动、③谈论感受、④控制呼吸，因此选①③④。
40．全文围绕如何正确处理愤怒情绪展开，介绍了不当表达愤怒的危害和多种处理方法，因此最佳标题是 “How to deal with anger”。
41．F 42．B 43．A 44．E 45．D
【导语】本文围绕孤独成年人数量增加的问题，给出避免孤独的建议，包括腾出时间结识他人、在线建立社区、深入了解朋友、做志愿者、提前规划，帮助人们通过这些方式改善社交，减少孤独感。
【解析】41．根据“need to consider (考虑) your social life first”和“offer to take a neighbor’s dog for a walk”可知，前文讲述优先考虑社交生活，后文介绍可以帮邻居遛狗，此处表示放下手机，和身边人社交的观点。F选项“别刷手机，去散步和人聊天”符合题意。故选F。
42．根据“the Internet can easily bring people with the same interests together”可知，互联网能汇聚兴趣相同的人，此处表示因此容易建立在线朋友社区。B选项“所以容易建立在线朋友社区”符合题意。故选B。
43．根据“What subject are they interested in ”和“In this way, you can know each other much better.”可知，前文询问对什么学科感兴趣，后文表示可以以此更深入地了解对方，此处表示可以深入讨论。A选项“深入了解并和他们讨论”符合题意。故选A。
44．根据“Helping at the local food store or in a charity (慈善) shop will give you a warm feeling and you’ll get to know other volunteers.”可知，前文讲做志愿者能交流、认识其他志愿者。此处表示这些也是社交中的话题。E选项“这也能给你和亲友聊天的话题”符合题意。故选E。
45．根据“Plan ahead”可知，小标题讲述提前规划，后文表明用确切日期和精心计划执行。此处表示需大家一起制定计划。D选项“大家都忙，聚在一起需要好计划”符合题意。故选D。
46．painful 47．climbers 48．awful 49．clearly 50．pressure 51．disagreement 52．provide 53．challenging 54．necessary 55．pale
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，围绕登山运动，介绍登山的考验、所需素养与注意事项。
【解析】46．句意：爬山是一项辛苦却有意义的活动。painful“令人痛苦的”，此处用形容词修饰名词activity。
47．句意：优秀的登山者必须学会保持冷静，直面沿途所有困难。climbers“登山运动员”，此处用复数名词作句子主语，泛指登山者这一类人。
48．句意：天气变差时，他们需要做出明智的决定。awful“糟糕的”，此处用形容词放在turns后作表语。
49．句意：清晰思考对他们每个人都至关重要。clearly“清楚地”，此处用副词修饰前面的动名词thinking。
50．句意：来自高地与稀薄空气的压力会十分巨大。pressure“压力”，此处用不可数名词充当句子主语。
51．句意：有时队员会在行进路线上产生分歧。disagreement“意见不合”，此处用单数名词放在不定冠词a后。
52．句意：一名优秀向导可以给出实用建议并且帮忙处理富有挑战性的状况。provide“提供”，此处用动词原形放在情态动词can后面。
53．句意：一名优秀向导可以给出实用建议并且帮忙处理富有挑战性的状况。challenging“富有挑战性的”，此处用形容词修饰名词situations。
54．句意：登山必不可少的品质是耐心、意志力与勇气。necessary“必要的”，此处用形容词用于“make it+adj.”固定结构。
55．句意：当疲惫、脸色发白时，记得休整、信任队友。pale“苍白的”，此处用形容词跟在turns后描述脸色变化。
56．greeting 57．together 58．higher 59．countries 60．shake 61．with 62．But 63．to say 64．their 65．first
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了泰国、德国、印度和美国等国家不同的问候方式与社交礼仪，说明不同文化背景下人们见面时的习惯差异。
【解析】56．句意：泰国人有一种特殊的问候方式。这里需要填入一个名词，与“way”构成短语，表示“问候的方式”。结合备选词，“greet”的动名词形式“greeting”符合语境，构成“greeting way”。
57．句意：他们通常用双手合十的方式来问候人。这里需要填入一个副词或介词短语作状语，说明双手的状态。结合备选词，“together”表示“在一起，合拢”，与“hands”搭配意为“双手合十”，符合泰国合十礼的描述。
58．句意：对方越受尊敬，双手举得越高。这里使用了“the+比较级，the+比较级”结构，表示“越……就越……”。结合备选词，“high”的比较级“higher”符合语境，表示双手举得更高。
59．句意：事实上，不同的国家有不同的社交技巧。这里需要填入一个名词作主语，与“different”搭配。结合备选词，“country”的复数形式“countries”表示“国家”，符合后文列举德国、印度、美国等国家的语境。
60．句意：在社交场合会见客人时，他们通常与人握手。这里需要填入一个动词，与“hands”构成固定搭配。结合备选词，“shake”与“hands”构成“shake hands”表示“握手”，且主语为复数，用原形。
61．句意：当他们与朋友或亲戚见面时，他们通常会进行拥抱礼。这里需要填入一个介词，表示“与……一起”。结合备选词，“with”表示“和……一起”，符合“meet with sb.”的搭配。
62．句意：但有时他们表现得很严肃。这里需要填入一个连词，表示前后句之间的转折关系。前句说印度人用幽默方式问候，后句说有时很严肃，结合备选词，“but”表示“但是”，符合逻辑，句首首字母大写。
63．句意：例如，向最年长或职位最高的人打招呼是很重要的。这里使用了“It is+adj.+to do sth.”句型，需要填入动词不定式。结合备选词，“say hello”为固定短语，表示“打招呼，问好”，填“to say”。
64．句意：在美国，人们彼此之间的交流更放松。这里需要填入一个形容词性物主代词，修饰“communication”。结合备选词，“they”的形容词性物主代词“their”表示“他们的”，指代美国人的。
65．句意：即使是第一次见面，也没有必要握手。这里需要填入一个数词，修饰“time”。结合备选词，“one”的序数词形式“first”表示“第一次”，符合“the first time”的搭配。
66．It’s 1,700 kilometres long. 67．Hangzhou. 68．To transport food from the south to the north. 69．By making part of it deeper. 70．Yes, it is.
【导语】本文主要介绍了中国大运河，包含它的长度、修建初衷、现存作用、如今改造工程以及知名度相关内容。
【解析】66．文章首段直接写明“is 1,700 kilometres long”，说明大运河长达1700公里。
67．首段“It links the north of China with Hangzhou”，说明大运河将中国北方与杭州连接起来。
68．第二段“It was built as a way to transport food from the rich land in China’s south to cities in the north”，说明大运河的建造目的是将食物从南方运往北方。
69．第四段“It is making part of it deeper, so bigger ships can pass”，说明通过加深部分河段，更大的船只可以通行。
70．文章末段“The Grand Canal is much less famous than the Great Wall”，说明长城比大运河更著名，据此做出肯定回答。
71．例文
Changes Around Us
In the past few years, great changes have taken place around us.
People’s lives have become much better than before. We can travel abroad easily or even visit famous places online at home. High-speed railways and cars also make our trips faster and more comfortable. At school, we do more reading and group work, which helps us learn better and improve our teamwork. What’s more, the environment is getting greener with more trees and parks around us.
We can clearly feel how these small changes make our daily life more colourful. These changes bring us great convenience and happiness.
【解析】写作步骤
[第一步：审题立意]
确定文体：本文是一篇说明文，时态以现在完成时和一般现在时为主
明确要点：Travel/Study/Traffic/Environment四个方面的改变
确定人称：第一 / 第三人称（we/our/people）
注意事项：不得出现真实校名及姓名
[第二步：构思布局]
三段式结构：
开头段：引入话题
主体段：从旅行、交通、学习、环境四个方面说明具体变化
结尾段：点明变化带来的好处，呼应主题
[第三步：要点展开]
要点一：变化
旅行：travel abroad or visit places online easily/become more convenient/go abroad easily or even visit places online等
交通：make our trips faster and more comfortable/can drive cars or take high-speed railways等
学习：helps us learn better/improve our teamwork skills等
环境：getting greener with more trees and parks/make our living environment nicer/is getting better等
要点二：变化带来的好处
总结：bring us great convenience and happiness
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
/ 让学习更有效 期末培优卷 | 英语学科
2025-2026学年八年级下册英语期末素养达标培优卷鲁教版（五四学制）
试卷满分120分，考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：
1．答卷前、考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在指定位置。
2．选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把对应题目的答案标号涂黑。写在试卷、草稿纸上的非答题区域均无效。
3．非选择题的作答：用黑色签字笔直接答在对应的答题区域内，写在试卷、草稿纸上的非答题区域均无效。
4．考试结束后，请将试卷交回。
一、单项选择（共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分）
从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
1．—Emily’s father seems to know everything.
—So he does! We all admire him for his rich _________.
A．knowledge B．age C．power D．spirit
2．—The sign _________ “You are what you read.” What does that mean, Daddy
—Well, in some ways, everyone, including you and me and other common people around, _________ by all the books he or she has ever read.
A．writes; shaped B．reads; is shaping C．reads; is shaped D．writes; was shaped
3．The bed is too small for the tall man ________ .
A．to lie B．lying C．to lie on D．lying on
4．A new house ________ at the corner next year.
A．is building B．will be built C．was built D．is built
5．— What a nice watch! Where did you buy it
— I bought it in a shop near my home. It ________ in Switzerland.
A．makes B．is made C．made D．was made
6．________ where we go, we must follow public rules and show good personal manners.
A．No matter B．No doubt C．Although D．Whether
7．The school sports meeting ________ next month. All the students are looking forward to it.
A．will hold B．held C．is held D．will be held
8．—Every year, black-headed gulls (红嘴鸥) fly thousands of kilometers to Kunming without getting lost.
—Wow! ________ unusual ability they have!
A．How B．What C．What a D．What an
9．Today, teenagers should be taught to spend their pocket money ________.
A．successfully B．wisely C．carelessly D．freely
10．She is so shy that she _________ speak in public.
A．dare not B．dares not C．don’t dare D．doesn’t dare
二、完形填空（共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分）
You may notice that horses appear in many Chinese idioms. These horse-related sayings provide fascinating glimpses (一瞥) into Chinese culture and ancient 11 .
“A horse that covers a thousand miles” is a famous horse idiom. It describes someone with great talent or potential (潜能). Chinese parents often use this phrase to encourage their children, hoping they’ll become “Thousand-mile horses” who 12 great things. The idiom comes from ancient times when people believed some special horses could run 1,000 miles in a single day. It also tells us that everyone has the chance to 13 their dreams if they work hard.
“A swift horse needs a good rider” adds another meaning. 14 talented people (“swift horses”) are common, good leaders who can find talented people (“good riders”) are not. This saying reminds us that talent isn’t enough—— you need someone who 15 you and gives you chances. With their help, you can show your 16 better.
“An old horse knows the way” celebrates the wisdom from 17 . Just as an old horse remembers safe paths through mountains, experienced people can guide others through hard times.
This idiom shows that Chinese 18 the elders and their rich knowledge. It also tells us to listen to the elders’ 19 when we meet difficulties.
“A painted horse won’t run” warns us not to value appearance more than real things. No matter how beautifully you paint a horse, it will never run. 20 , beautiful promises without real action are useless. This idiom teaches us to value practical results over 21 words.
These horse idioms show how ancient Chinese people watched horses’ strength and intelligence. They turned their observations into useful lessons about human nature and success. Today, these idioms are still 22 in our daily life. We can use them to encourage ourselves, 23 others and learn valuable lessons. They help us understand Chinese culture better and become better people who can 24 challenges bravely and 25 our goals finally.
11．A．success B．palace C．wisdom D．wonder
12．A．achieve B．afford C．avoid D．accept
13．A．forget B．realize C．break D．change
14．A．Although B．Since C．If D．When
15．A．depends on B．agrees with C．cares for D．believes in
16．A．habit B．hobby C．talent D．interest
17．A．experience B．ability C．memory D．honor
18．A．record B．respect C．remind D．require
19．A．news B．advice C．stories D．jokes
20．A．Simply B．Exactly C．Similarly D．Properly
21．A．helpful B．correct C．real D．empty
22．A．boring B．difficult C．useful D．expensive
23．A．teach B．help C．beat D．stop
24．A．face B．hide C．refuse D．leave
25．A．reach B．give C．lose D．miss
三、阅读理解（共两节, 20小题; 每小题2分, 满分40分）
第一节: 阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。
A
The 2026 Spring Festival Gala (春晚) was full of amazing shows. It brought joy and warmth to millions of families on New Year’s Eve. Let’s have a look at some popular performances.
Wu BOT It was an amazing robot performance. On the stage, several robots moved in perfect sync (同步) with young Chinese kung fu performers. This performance was a great mix of traditional Chinese culture and modern technology.
Ode to the Flower Deities《贺花神》 It was a dance performance. It brought the twelve months to life through twelve flower goddesses (女神). The program used modern technology to bring traditional Chinese culture to life. And it showed the changes of seasons and expressed the beauty of nature.
The Charm of the Ancient Silk Road It was a dance performance. It mixed the ancient civilization of the Silk Road with modern art, bringing the thousand-year-old Dunhuang culture to life on the modern stage.
Spring Glow Over the Pear Garden《春晖满梨园》 It was an opera show that brought five opera styles together. It was special because of four generations (代) of performers on one stage. It showed traditional Chinese opera skills are passed down from generation to generation.
26．How many popular performances are introduced in the text
A．1. B．2. C．3. D．4.
27．Which performance was about the 12 months
A．Wu BOT. B．Ode to the Flower Deities.
C．The Charm of the Ancient Silk Road. D．Spring Glow Over the Pear Garden.
28．What do we know about The Charm of the Ancient Silk Road
A．It was a robot performance.
B．It showed traditional opera culture.
C．It brought Dunhuang culture to life.
D．It used flower goddesses to stand for twelve months.
29．What made Spring Glow Over the Pear Garden special
A．Four generations of performers on one stage.
B．The mix of ancient civilization with modern art.
C．The changes of seasons and the beauty of nature.
D．The mix of traditional Chinese culture and modern technology.
30．What do the four performances have in common
A．They all show the beauty of nature.
B．They are all related to traditional Chinese culture.
C．They are all performed in the same form of dance.
D．They all include amazing robots and new technology.
B
①Some people say that the UK and the US are two countries that are separated (分割) by a common language. It means although both Americans and the British speak English, there are many differences in the way they use the language. Having studied in both countries, I have found the differences are more than differences such as pronunciations and spellings. A big difference is communication styles (风格).
②I spent one term in the UK, and the biggest challenge for me was that people don’t always say things directly. The British are famous for being polite. So polite, in fact, that they sometimes say the contrary of what they really mean. For example, when the British say “I almost agree", don’t think they have similar opinions to you. Actually, they mean “I don’t agree at all”. Before I could fully understand how the British communicate, I went home.
③Later, I went to study in the US for one year. I found that Americans like to be straight with others. When I spoke to them, I often had trouble getting straight to the point. For example, when I wanted to ask for help, I liked to say, “Excuse me, I’m terribly sorry to bother you, but I seem to be lost. Would you be so kind to lend me a hand in finding my way to the nearest station ” But Americans would find it strange. They would just say, “Hey, sorry to bother you. I’m really lost and need to find the nearest station. Can you help me ” I realized I had to learn a whole new way of communicating.
④Now, I have a better understanding of how to communicate in both countries, but I still have a lot to learn. As my experiences show, learning the pronunciation and spelling of words in a language is just the beginning!
31．What does the underlined word “contrary” in paragraph 2 probably mean
A．Opposite. B．Similarity. C．Meaning. D．Same.
32．How does the writer develop paragraph 2
A．By explaining the facts. B．By using numbers.
C．By giving an example. D．By comparing two facts.
33．What do we know about the writer from the last paragraph
A．She has found a new way to learn English. B．She has a long way to go to learn English.
C．She wants to start learning English again. D．She plans to study in the US for longer.
34．Which of the following shows the structure of the passage (①=paragraph 1; ②paragraph 2 ...)
A．①②/③④ B．①/②③/④ C．①②/③/④ D．①/②/③④
35．What’s the best title for the passage
A．Communicating like the British
B．Ways of Making Communication Interesting
C．The UK and the US: the Common Language, Different Styles
D．The UK and the US: Different Countries, Common Cultures
C
Anger isn’t a good feeling. Anger may make us feel uncomfortable, but it’s also a normal and natural emotion in daily life. Unluckily, many of us are used to hiding our feelings. Research shows that this can have long-term bad influences (影响) on our health, both in mind and body.
Is it better to cry or break things whenever something makes us angry The research points out that when we show our anger in this way, we probably can’t get on well with our friends and our family. The longer we stay angry, the worse the result will be. So how can we deal with our angry feelings in a right way
First, ▲ Anger is often caused by feelings such as fear, disappointment and so on. By finding out the true cause, we can deal with it more effectively (有效的). Second, pay attention to those everyday things that will make us angry. For example, we may get angry in the long lines at the store. Take a step back and think that it isn’t personal. Everyone in the line has dinner to make, just like us. Another way to deal with anger is to talk about it. The study shows that if we name our feelings, we can slowly calm ourselves down and feel better. Last, do some controlled breathing or find some helpful exercise to do. Exercise helps with feelings of anger.
If we learn to deal with anger properly, we will feel calmer, get on better with others and live a happier life.
36．How does the writer lead into the topic in Paragraph 2
A．By telling a story.
B．By asking a question.
C．By giving an example.
D．By listing numbers.
37．Which of the following is right
(X means how long we stay angry; Y means the bad influence it will have.)
A．B． C． D．
38．Which of the following can be put in“ ▲ ”in Paragraph 3
A．learn to control our anger.
B．know what makes us angry.
C．hide our bad feeling quietly.
D．try not to be angry.
39．Which can help deal with feelings of anger according to the passage
① Taking some exercise.
② Eating delicious food.
③ Talking about the feelings.
④ Doing some controlled breathing.
A．①②③ B．②③④ C．①③④ D．①②④
40．Which of the following can be the best title for the passage
A．What makes you angry
B．Why are you angry
C．When to deal with anger
D．How to deal with anger
第二节: 阅读下面短文, 从短文后所给的选项中选出能填入短文空白处的最佳选项, 使短文通顺连贯, 其中有两项是多余选项。
A survey shows that the number of lonely adults is increasing. According to recent research, loneliness can have harmful effects on health. So if you feel lonely at times, be sure to care about it. Here are some tips for you to avoid being lonely.
Make time to meet people
Maybe it seems that you don’t have time to meet new friends, but you need to consider (考虑) your social life first. 41 You can even offer to take a neighbor’s dog for a walk. The neighbor will surely like to make friends with you.
Build your community online
Without doubt, it’s difficult for you to meet like-minded people. However, the Internet can easily bring people with the same interests together. 42 Try some safe websites, which list local groups and events, bringing people with common interests together.
Know more about your friends
In order to find possible friends, try to know more about them. What do they like doing Join one of their activities. What subject are they interested in 43 In this way, you can know each other much better.
Work as volunteers
Volunteering is good for both body and mind. It gives you the chance to communicate with people. Helping at the local food store or in a charity (慈善) shop will give you a warm feeling and you’ll get to know other volunteers. 44
Plan ahead
45 Rather than just suggesting meeting together, carry it out with an exact date and a careful plan. If you plan to meet more people, making a survey about the plan ahead of time will make the meeting more successful.
A．Find out more about it and discuss it with them.
B．So it is easy to build an online friend community.
C．There are so many ways you can talk face to face now.
D．Everyone’s busy, so getting people together needs a good plan.
E．It’ll also give you something to talk about with friends and family.
F．Instead of checking your phone, go for a walk and chat with someone.
G．If you want to meet someone, just do it!
四、词汇运用（共10小题; 每小题1分, 满分10分）
根据短文内容和汉语提示，写出空白处各单词的正确形式。每空限填一词。
Mountain climbing is a(n) 46 (令人痛苦的) but meaningful activity. Every year, thousands of people try to reach the top of high mountains around the world.
Many people dream of reaching the top of high mountains, but the journey is never easy. Good 47 (登山运动员) must learn to stay calm and face all the difficulties along the way. It takes months of preparation and a strong mind to deal with the challenges. When the weather turns 48 (糟糕的), they need to make wise decisions. In such dangerous situations, even a small mistake can lead to serious results. Thinking 49 (清楚地) is very important for each of them.
The 50 (压力) from high places and thin air can be huge. Some people find it hard to breathe when they go too high, and their bodies start to feel weak. Sometimes there is a(n) 51 (意见不合) between team members about which path to take. When this happens, the team must work together and find a solution quickly, because staying together is the only way to stay safe. A good guide can 52 (提供) useful advice and help solve 53 (富有挑战性的) situations. The guide also needs to watch the weather and decide when it is too dangerous to continue.
Climbing also makes it 54 (必要的) to have great patience, strong will, and a brave heart. Without these qualities, it is almost impossible to reach the top of a really high mountain.
When you feel tired and your face turns 55 (苍白的), remember to rest and trust your team. With the help of each other, you can overcome difficulties and enjoy the beautiful views from the top.
五、选词填空（共10小题; 每小题1分, 满分10分）
阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。
country they greet shake with high together one but say
People in Thailand have a special 56 way. They usually greet people with their hands 57 . The more honoured the person is, the 58 the hands are raised. In fact, different 59 have different social skills.
Germans pay more attention to the form of etiquette (礼仪). When meeting with guests on social occasions, they usually 60 hands with people. When they meet 61 their friends or relatives, they generally perform the hug salute.
Indians sometimes greet people with humorous words or actions. 62 sometimes they behave seriously. For example, it is important 63 hello to the oldest or the most senior person.
In the United States, people are more relaxed in 64 communication with each other. Even though it’s the 65 time they meet, it is not necessary to shake hands. Just smile and say hello.
六、阅读表达（共 5 小题; 每小题 2分, 满分10分）
Most people have heard of the Great Wall of China, but not many people outside of China know about the Grand Canal (大运河). This manmade waterway, known in China as Da Yunhe, is 1,700 kilometres long and some parts of it are more than 2,000 years old. It links (连接) the north of China with Hangzhou, a city in the southern part of the country. It’s the longest manmade waterway in the world.
It was built as a way to transport food from the rich land in China’s south to cities in the north. In fact, it’s not one canal, but a system of canals and rivers linked together.
It’s still an important part of the transport system in China. Thousands of boats use it every day to transport food and many other kinds of things.
China is now doing new work on the Grand Canal. It is making part of it deeper, so bigger ships can pass. The canal will also help to move water. There is a lot of rain in the south of China, but not so much in the north. The canal will carry lots of water from the south to the north.
The Grand Canal is much less famous than the Great Wall, and not very many visitors know it. But it sees the changes in Chinese history. It’s possible to go on a trip along some of the oldest parts of the canal. Visitors can see beautiful parts of China that others don’t see.
根据短文内容，回答下列问题。
66．How long is Da Yunhe
67．Which city does the Grand Canal link with the north of China
68．What was the Grand Canal built for
69．How can bigger ships pass through the Grand Canal
70．Is the Great Wall more famous than the Grand Canal
七、书面表达（共1小题; 满分25分）
71．随着社会的发展，我们的生活变得越来越好。学校英语角本周的主题是“Changes Around us”。请你根据下表中的提示，用英语写一篇短文，谈谈自己的看法。
注意：
1. 表达中应包含所给要点，可适当发挥，使短文连贯、通顺。
2. 词数90词左右，开头已给出，不计入总词数。
3. 表达中请勿提及真实校名及姓名。
Changes Around Us
In the past few years, great changes have taken place around us.
/ 让学习更有效 期末培优卷 | 英语学科
/ 让学习更有效 期末培优卷 | 英语学科
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参考答案及试题解析
1．A
【解析】句意：——艾米丽的父亲似乎知道一切。——的确如此！我们都钦佩他丰富的知识。
knowledge知识；age年龄；power力量；spirit精神。根据“Emily’s father seems to know everything.”可知，因为他似乎知道一切，所以我们都钦佩他丰富的“知识”。
2．C
【解析】句意：——标志上写着“你读什么，你就是什么样的人。”爸爸，那是什么意思？——嗯，在某些方面，每个人，包括你、我以及周围其他普通人，都受他或她所读过的所有书的影响。
writes写；reads读。第一空，主语“The sign”与“写内容”之间为主动关系，表示标志上“写着”，应用reads（固定用法，read的第三人称单数形式，意为“内容是”），不选writes；第二空，主语“everyone”与“塑造”之间为被动关系，表示“被……塑造”，且为一般性陈述，应用一般现在时的被动语态is shaped。
3．C
【解析】句意：这张床太小了，那个高个子男人躺在上面都躺不下。
固定句型“too+形容词+for sb.+to do sth.”表示“太……以至于某人不能……”，空处应用动词不定式，lie是不及物动词，意为“躺”，本句中The bed是动作发生的地点，介词on不能省略。选项C符合题意。
4．B
【解析】句意：明年将在角落处建造一座新房子。
句中时间状语“next year”表明动作发生在将来，需用一般将来时；主语“A new house”与谓语“build”之间是被动关系，因此需用被动语态。一般将来时的被动语态结构为“will be + 过去分词”，应填will be built。
5．D
【解析】句意：——多漂亮的手表啊！你在哪里买的？——我在家附近的一家商店买的。它是瑞士制造的。
makes制造（主动，三单）；is made被制造（一般现在时被动）；made制造（过去式/分词）；was made被制造（一般过去时被动）。主语It指代手表，与制造之间是被动关系；根据前句“I bought it”可知买发生在过去，制造发生在买之前，因此为一般过去时的被动语态。
6．A
【解析】句意：无论我们去哪里，都要遵守公共规则，展现良好的个人礼仪。
no matter where意为 “无论哪里”，引导让步状语从句；no doubt毫无疑问；although虽然；whether是否。结合语境，此处表示无论去往何处，应填No matter。
7．D
【解析】句意：学校运动会下个月将举行。所有学生都期待着它。
根据时间状语next month可知，动作发生在将来，需用一般将来时；主语The school sports meeting是动词hold的承受者，需用被动语态。一般将来时的被动语态结构为will be+过去分词。应填will be held。
8．D
【解析】句意：——每年，红嘴鸥飞行数千公里到达昆明而不会迷路。——哇！它们拥有多么不寻常的能力啊！
感叹句中心词为名词ability，应用What引导。ability为可数名词单数，且修饰词unusual以元音音素开头，不定冠词用an，结构为“What an+形容词+名词”。
9．B
【解析】句意：如今，应该教育青少年明智地使用他们的零花钱。
successfully成功地；wisely明智地；carelessly粗心地；freely自由地。根据语境，教育青少年使用零花钱应是正向的引导，且wisely修饰spend，表示“理性、有计划地花钱”，符合逻辑。
10．A
【解析】句意：她是如此害羞以至于她不敢在公共场合讲话。
dare“敢”，作情态动词时，无人称和数的变化，否定形式为dare not，后接动词原形；作实义动词时，否定形式需借助助动词do/does，后常接to do。根据空格后为动词原形speak且无to，可知此处dare作情态动词，主语she不改变dare形式。应填dare not。
11．C 12．A 13．B 14．A 15．D 16．C 17．A 18．B 19．B 20．C 21．D 22．C 23．B 24．A 25．A
【导语】本文介绍了多个与马相关的中国成语，解读了成语寓意与其中蕴含的为人处世道理，体现中国古人的智慧，同时说明这类成语在现代生活中的应用价值。
【解析】11．句意：这些与马相关的俗语让我们得以窥见中国文化和古代智慧。
后文围绕成语蕴含的哲理展开，此处需表达“智慧” 的含义。wisdom意为“智慧”，符合语境；success意为“成功”，palace意为“宫殿”，wonder意为“奇迹”，均不符合语境。
12．句意：它描述拥有巨大天赋或潜力的人。中国父母常常用这句话鼓励孩子，希望他们能成为成就大事的“千里马”。
根据上下文，此处需与“great things”搭配，表达“成就”的含义。achieve意为“实现；成就”，符合语境；afford意为“负担得起”，avoid意为“避免”，accept意为“接受”，均无法与great things合理搭配。
13．句意：它也告诉我们，如果努力奋斗，每个人都有机会实现梦想。
此处搭配“their dreams”，需表达“实现”的含义。realize意为“实现”，符合语境；forget意为 “忘记”，break意为“打破”，change意为“改变”，均不符合语义逻辑。
14．句意：尽管有才能的人很常见，但能发现人才的优秀领导者却不多。
前后句存在让步转折关系，Although意为“尽管”，引导让步状语从句，符合语境；Since意为“因为；自从”，If意为“如果”，When意为“当……时”，均不符合句子逻辑。
15．句意：这句俗语提醒我们，仅有天赋是不够的——你需要有人信任你，给你机会。
此处与“gives you chances”并列，需表达“信任”的含义。believes in意为“信任；相信”，符合语境；depends on意为“依靠”，agrees with意为“同意”，cares for意为“照顾”，均不符合语境。
16．句意：在他们的帮助下，你可以更好地展现你的天赋。
前文提及“talented people”，此处对应表达“天赋”的含义。talent意为“天赋；才能”，符合语境；habit意为“习惯”，hobby意为“爱好”，interest意为“兴趣”，均不符合语境。
17．句意：“老马识途”赞颂源于经验的智慧。
后文提及有经验的人可以引导他人，此处需表达“经验”的含义。experience意为“经验”，符合语境；ability意为“能力”，memory意为“记忆”，honor意为“荣誉”，均不符合语境。
18．句意：这个成语表明中国人尊敬长辈和他们丰富的学识。
后文提及听从长辈的建议，此处需表达“尊敬”的含义。respect意为“尊敬”，符合语境；record意为“记录”，remind意为“提醒”，require意为“要求”，均不符合语境。
19．句意：它也告诉我们遇到困难时要听从长辈的建议。
根据上下文，此处需表达“建议”的含义。advice意为“建议”，符合语境；news意为“新闻”，stories意为“故事”，jokes意为“玩笑”，均不符合语境。
20．句意：同样地，没有行动的承诺是无用的。
前文讲述不要看重外表而忽视实际事物，此处类比承诺与行动的关系，similarly意为“同样地”，符合语境；simply意为“简单地”，exactly意为“确切地”，properly意为“适当地”，均不符合逻辑。
21．句意：这个成语教会我们重视实际结果而非空洞的话语。
此处与“practical results”形成对比，需表达“空洞的”含义。empty意为“空洞的；无意义的”，符合语境；helpful意为“有帮助的”，correct意为“正确的”，real意为“真实的”，均不符合语境。
22．句意：如今，这些成语在我们的日常生活中依然有用。
后文提及用成语鼓励自己、帮助他人，此处需表达“有用的”含义。useful意为“有用的”，符合语境；boring意为“无聊的”，difficult意为“困难的”，expensive意为“昂贵的”，均不符合语境。
23．句意：我们可以用它们鼓励自己、帮助他人，学到宝贵的道理。
根据上下文，与“encourage ourselves”并列，需表达“帮助”的含义。help意为“帮助”，符合语境；teach意为“教”，beat意为“打败”，stop意为“停止”，均不符合语境。
24．句意：它们帮助我们更好地理解中国文化，成为能勇敢面对挑战的更好的人并最终实现我们的目标。
根据上下文，此处搭配“challenges”，需表达“面对”的含义。face意为“面对”，符合语境；hide意为“隐藏”，refuse意为“拒绝”，leave意为“离开”，均不符合语境。
25．句意：它们帮助我们更好地理解中国文化，成为能勇敢面对挑战的更好的人并最终实现我们的目标。
根据上下文，此处搭配“our goals”，需表达“实现；达到”的含义。reach意为“达到；实现”，符合语境；give意为“给予”，lose意为“失去”，miss意为“错过”，均不符合语境。
26．D 27．B 28．C 29．A 30．B
【导语】本文介绍了2026年春晚中四个受欢迎的节目及其特色，展示了中国传统文化与现代技术的结合。
【解析】26．文中介绍了Wu BOT、Ode to the Flower Deities、The Charm of the Ancient Silk Road和Spring Glow Over the Pear Garden共四个表演节目。
27．“Ode to the Flower Deities”部分指出：“It brought the twelve months to life through twelve flower goddesses”，该节目通过十二位花神展现了十二个月份。
28．“The Charm of the Ancient Silk Road”部分指出：“bringing the thousand-year-old Dunhuang culture to life on the modern stage”，该节目让敦煌文化在现代舞台上焕发生机。
29．“Spring Glow Over the Pear Garden”部分指出：“It was special because of four generations of performers on one stage”，该节目的特别之处在于四代演员同台演出。
30．综合全文，Wu BOT结合了功夫（传统文化），Ode to the Flower Deities涉及花神（传统文化），The Charm of the Ancient Silk Road涉及丝绸之路和敦煌文化，Spring Glow Over the Pear Garden涉及戏曲。因此，这四个表演的共同点是都与中国传统文化有关。
31．A 32．C 33．B 34．B 35．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，作者通过自己在英国和美国的学习经历，对比了两国虽然都说英语，但在沟通风格上存在显著差异：英国人委婉含蓄，美国人直接坦率。
【解析】31．文章第二段指出英国人有时会说“the contrary of what they really mean”，并举例“I almost agree”实际意思是“I don’t agree at all”，因此contrary意为“相反的”，与opposite同义。
32．文章第二段在说明英国人不直接表达后，给出了具体例子“For example, when the British say ‘I almost agree’...”，因此是通过举例来展开段落。
33．文章最后一段指出“I still have a lot to learn”以及“learning the pronunciation and spelling... is just the beginning”，说明作者在英语学习上还有很长的路要走。
34．第一段（①）总起，指出英美英语差异主要在沟通风格；第二段和第三段（②③）分别具体描述英国和美国的沟通风格；第四段（④）总结自己的感悟。因此结构为①/②③/④。
35．文章围绕英美两国虽共用英语但沟通风格不同这一主题展开，C项准确概括。
36．B 37．A 38．B 39．C 40．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了愤怒是一种正常情绪，长期压抑或不当表达愤怒会带来负面影响，并介绍了正确处理愤怒情绪的方法。
【解析】36．第二段通过提出问题 “So how can we deal with our angry feelings in a right way ” 引出下文对处理愤怒方法的介绍，因此作者是通过提出问题的方式引入主题。
37．第二段提到 “The longer we stay angry, the worse the result will be.”，说明愤怒持续的时间（X）越长，带来的不良影响（Y）越严重，二者呈正相关关系，对应选项A的图像。
38．第三段的空后内容为 “Anger is often caused by feelings such as fear, disappointment and so on. By finding out the true cause, we can deal with it more effectively.”，核心是强调找到愤怒的真正原因，因此空处应填 “know what makes us angry”。
39．第三段介绍了处理愤怒的方法：“Another way to deal with anger is to talk about it.”、“do some controlled breathing or find some helpful exercise to do.”，即①运动、③谈论感受、④控制呼吸，因此选①③④。
40．全文围绕如何正确处理愤怒情绪展开，介绍了不当表达愤怒的危害和多种处理方法，因此最佳标题是 “How to deal with anger”。
41．F 42．B 43．A 44．E 45．D
【导语】本文围绕孤独成年人数量增加的问题，给出避免孤独的建议，包括腾出时间结识他人、在线建立社区、深入了解朋友、做志愿者、提前规划，帮助人们通过这些方式改善社交，减少孤独感。
【解析】41．根据“need to consider (考虑) your social life first”和“offer to take a neighbor’s dog for a walk”可知，前文讲述优先考虑社交生活，后文介绍可以帮邻居遛狗，此处表示放下手机，和身边人社交的观点。F选项“别刷手机，去散步和人聊天”符合题意。故选F。
42．根据“the Internet can easily bring people with the same interests together”可知，互联网能汇聚兴趣相同的人，此处表示因此容易建立在线朋友社区。B选项“所以容易建立在线朋友社区”符合题意。故选B。
43．根据“What subject are they interested in ”和“In this way, you can know each other much better.”可知，前文询问对什么学科感兴趣，后文表示可以以此更深入地了解对方，此处表示可以深入讨论。A选项“深入了解并和他们讨论”符合题意。故选A。
44．根据“Helping at the local food store or in a charity (慈善) shop will give you a warm feeling and you’ll get to know other volunteers.”可知，前文讲做志愿者能交流、认识其他志愿者。此处表示这些也是社交中的话题。E选项“这也能给你和亲友聊天的话题”符合题意。故选E。
45．根据“Plan ahead”可知，小标题讲述提前规划，后文表明用确切日期和精心计划执行。此处表示需大家一起制定计划。D选项“大家都忙，聚在一起需要好计划”符合题意。故选D。
46．painful 47．climbers 48．awful 49．clearly 50．pressure 51．disagreement 52．provide 53．challenging 54．necessary 55．pale
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，围绕登山运动，介绍登山的考验、所需素养与注意事项。
【解析】46．句意：爬山是一项辛苦却有意义的活动。painful“令人痛苦的”，此处用形容词修饰名词activity。
47．句意：优秀的登山者必须学会保持冷静，直面沿途所有困难。climbers“登山运动员”，此处用复数名词作句子主语，泛指登山者这一类人。
48．句意：天气变差时，他们需要做出明智的决定。awful“糟糕的”，此处用形容词放在turns后作表语。
49．句意：清晰思考对他们每个人都至关重要。clearly“清楚地”，此处用副词修饰前面的动名词thinking。
50．句意：来自高地与稀薄空气的压力会十分巨大。pressure“压力”，此处用不可数名词充当句子主语。
51．句意：有时队员会在行进路线上产生分歧。disagreement“意见不合”，此处用单数名词放在不定冠词a后。
52．句意：一名优秀向导可以给出实用建议并且帮忙处理富有挑战性的状况。provide“提供”，此处用动词原形放在情态动词can后面。
53．句意：一名优秀向导可以给出实用建议并且帮忙处理富有挑战性的状况。challenging“富有挑战性的”，此处用形容词修饰名词situations。
54．句意：登山必不可少的品质是耐心、意志力与勇气。necessary“必要的”，此处用形容词用于“make it+adj.”固定结构。
55．句意：当疲惫、脸色发白时，记得休整、信任队友。pale“苍白的”，此处用形容词跟在turns后描述脸色变化。
56．greeting 57．together 58．higher 59．countries 60．shake 61．with 62．But 63．to say 64．their 65．first
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了泰国、德国、印度和美国等国家不同的问候方式与社交礼仪，说明不同文化背景下人们见面时的习惯差异。
【解析】56．句意：泰国人有一种特殊的问候方式。这里需要填入一个名词，与“way”构成短语，表示“问候的方式”。结合备选词，“greet”的动名词形式“greeting”符合语境，构成“greeting way”。
57．句意：他们通常用双手合十的方式来问候人。这里需要填入一个副词或介词短语作状语，说明双手的状态。结合备选词，“together”表示“在一起，合拢”，与“hands”搭配意为“双手合十”，符合泰国合十礼的描述。
58．句意：对方越受尊敬，双手举得越高。这里使用了“the+比较级，the+比较级”结构，表示“越……就越……”。结合备选词，“high”的比较级“higher”符合语境，表示双手举得更高。
59．句意：事实上，不同的国家有不同的社交技巧。这里需要填入一个名词作主语，与“different”搭配。结合备选词，“country”的复数形式“countries”表示“国家”，符合后文列举德国、印度、美国等国家的语境。
60．句意：在社交场合会见客人时，他们通常与人握手。这里需要填入一个动词，与“hands”构成固定搭配。结合备选词，“shake”与“hands”构成“shake hands”表示“握手”，且主语为复数，用原形。
61．句意：当他们与朋友或亲戚见面时，他们通常会进行拥抱礼。这里需要填入一个介词，表示“与……一起”。结合备选词，“with”表示“和……一起”，符合“meet with sb.”的搭配。
62．句意：但有时他们表现得很严肃。这里需要填入一个连词，表示前后句之间的转折关系。前句说印度人用幽默方式问候，后句说有时很严肃，结合备选词，“but”表示“但是”，符合逻辑，句首首字母大写。
63．句意：例如，向最年长或职位最高的人打招呼是很重要的。这里使用了“It is+adj.+to do sth.”句型，需要填入动词不定式。结合备选词，“say hello”为固定短语，表示“打招呼，问好”，填“to say”。
64．句意：在美国，人们彼此之间的交流更放松。这里需要填入一个形容词性物主代词，修饰“communication”。结合备选词，“they”的形容词性物主代词“their”表示“他们的”，指代美国人的。
65．句意：即使是第一次见面，也没有必要握手。这里需要填入一个数词，修饰“time”。结合备选词，“one”的序数词形式“first”表示“第一次”，符合“the first time”的搭配。
66．It’s 1,700 kilometres long. 67．Hangzhou. 68．To transport food from the south to the north. 69．By making part of it deeper. 70．Yes, it is.
【导语】本文主要介绍了中国大运河，包含它的长度、修建初衷、现存作用、如今改造工程以及知名度相关内容。
【解析】66．文章首段直接写明“is 1,700 kilometres long”，说明大运河长达1700公里。
67．首段“It links the north of China with Hangzhou”，说明大运河将中国北方与杭州连接起来。
68．第二段“It was built as a way to transport food from the rich land in China’s south to cities in the north”，说明大运河的建造目的是将食物从南方运往北方。
69．第四段“It is making part of it deeper, so bigger ships can pass”，说明通过加深部分河段，更大的船只可以通行。
70．文章末段“The Grand Canal is much less famous than the Great Wall”，说明长城比大运河更著名，据此做出肯定回答。
71．例文
Changes Around Us
In the past few years, great changes have taken place around us.
People’s lives have become much better than before. We can travel abroad easily or even visit famous places online at home. High-speed railways and cars also make our trips faster and more comfortable. At school, we do more reading and group work, which helps us learn better and improve our teamwork. What’s more, the environment is getting greener with more trees and parks around us.
We can clearly feel how these small changes make our daily life more colourful. These changes bring us great convenience and happiness.
【解析】写作步骤
[第一步：审题立意]
确定文体：本文是一篇说明文，时态以现在完成时和一般现在时为主
明确要点：Travel/Study/Traffic/Environment四个方面的改变
确定人称：第一 / 第三人称（we/our/people）
注意事项：不得出现真实校名及姓名
[第二步：构思布局]
三段式结构：
开头段：引入话题
主体段：从旅行、交通、学习、环境四个方面说明具体变化
结尾段：点明变化带来的好处，呼应主题
[第三步：要点展开]
要点一：变化
旅行：travel abroad or visit places online easily/become more convenient/go abroad easily or even visit places online等
交通：make our trips faster and more comfortable/can drive cars or take high-speed railways等
学习：helps us learn better/improve our teamwork skills等
环境：getting greener with more trees and parks/make our living environment nicer/is getting better等
要点二：变化带来的好处
总结：bring us great convenience and happiness
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