（期末培优卷）期末素养达标培优卷-2025-2026学年六年级下册英语鲁教版（五四学制）（新教材）（含答案解析）
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| 名称 | （期末培优卷）期末素养达标培优卷-2025-2026学年六年级下册英语鲁教版（五四学制）（新教材）（含答案解析） |
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| 格式 | docx | ||
| 文件大小 | 94.3KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 试卷 | ||
| 版本资源 | 鲁教版（五四学制） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2026-06-05 00:00:00 | ||
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/ 让学习更有效 期末培优卷 | 英语学科
/ 让学习更有效 期末培优卷 | 英语学科
2025-2026学年六年级下册英语鲁教版（五四学制）（新教材）
期末素养达标培优卷
试卷满分120分，考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：
1．答卷前、考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在指定位置。
2．选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把对应题目的答案标号涂黑。写在试卷、草稿纸上的非答题区域均无效。
3．非选择题的作答：用黑色签字笔直接答在对应的答题区域内，写在试卷、草稿纸上的非答题区域均无效。
4．考试结束后，请将试卷交回。
一、单项选择（共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分）
从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
1．—________ pink shoes are these
—They may be Betty’s because she has many pink shoes.
A．Who B．Which C．Whose D．What
2．The shop __________ helped me find the clothes I wanted quickly.
A．girl B．assistant C．boy D．waiter
3．Though the problem was very ________, the students didn’t give up. They thought ________ and tried their best to solve it.
A．hard; hard B．hardly; hardly C．hard; hardly D．hardly; hard
4．I can ________ you my dictionary, and you can ________ it for a week.
A．sell; keep B．lend; bring C．lend; keep D．bring; lend
5．—Is this dictionary ________
—No, it’s not mine. It’s ________.
A．your; her B．yours; hers C．your; hers D．yours; her
6．—Must I finish my homework now
—No, you ________.You can do it later.
A．mustn’t B．can’t C．don’t have to D．may not
7．My father likes hiking, and I like it ________.
A．also B．too C．either D．neither
8．—Sorry, I can’t do it. Am I silly
—Of course not! Everyone makes mistakes. No one is ________.
A．active B．perfect C．absent D．playful
9．—Do you always run in the evening
—No, I ________ do, because it’s hard to see the way when it’s dark.
A．always B．usually C．sometimes D．never
10．—Students exercise for no less than 2 hours every day in Wuhan.
—I see. This change helps us ________ more to keep fit.
A．work out B．hang out C．pick up D．stand out
二、完形填空（共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
It’s Saturday. Bob doesn’t go to school, so he 11 late. His mother is 12 breakfast in the kitchen. He is still 13 in his room. His sister Mary says, “Look at the 14 !” Bob wakes up quickly (很快地) after hearing it. He sees snow everywhere through the window. It’s so 15 . “The whole world is 16 .”
“Mum, can I go outside ” Bob asks excitedly. “Wear warm clothes. 17 you don’t, you will get a cold,” says Mum. Bob puts on his clothes. “Let’s 18 a snowman, Mary,” says Bob. They 19 building the snowman. They work together, talking and laughing.
After finishing the snowman, 20 play for a long time. Each tree wears a big white 21 , and the grass is in a white coat. Even Bob’s hair is 22 white.
In the white world, the two 23 sing and dance. Bob and Mary are so 24 and full of energy. They don’t want to go 25 , although their noses are cold. “This is the best Saturday ever,” Bob says.
11．A．goes out B．hangs out C．eats out D．gets up
12．A．cooking B．cleaning C．washing D．shopping
13．A．working B．looking C．sleeping D．playing
14．A．rain B．snow C．sun D．air
15．A．important B．difficult C．beautiful D．healthy
16．A．green B．black C．yellow D．white
17．A．If B．Because C．So D．But
18．A．buy B．make C．wash D．keep
19．A．mind B．enjoy C．finish D．remember
20．A．they B．we C．you D．it
21．A．watch B．key C．box D．hat
22．A．always B．also C．still D．never
23．A．boys B．girls C．children D．cousins
24．A．happy B．tired C．bored D．hungry
25．A．library B．park C．home D．hospital
三、阅读理解（共两节, 20小题; 每小题2分, 满分40分）
第一节: 阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。
A
①If you want to give birthday gifts to people but you don’t have much money, what should you do Here are some do-it-yourself gift ideas. You can have a try.
② To your parents. You can clean your house. You can also draw a picture for them. For them, these are the best gifts.
③ To your grandparents. You can make some small cakes for them. Having a big meal with them at home is also a good idea.
④________. You can make a nice card with the words of thanks on it. You can write down your favourite things you learn in the teacher’s class. This will make your teacher feel happy.
⑤ To your friend. When your friend has his/her birthday, you can make a birthday card for him/her by hand. It’s a small thing, but it means a lot to him/her. You can also sing the song Happy Birthday to him/her.
26．According to the passage, what can you do for your grandparents’ birthday
A．Write a letter to them. B．Clean their house.
C．Make some small cakes. D．Draw a picture.
27．Which can we put in “________”
A．To your sister B．To your teacher
C．To your brother D．To your classmate
28．What does the underlined word “it” refer to (指的是) in Paragraph 4
A．The card. B．The letter. C．The song. D．The picture.
29．Which is the structure (结构) of the passage
A．①→②③④⑤ B．①②→③④⑤ C．①②③→④⑤ D．①→②③→④⑤
30．What is the main idea (主旨大意) of the passage
A．How to make money to buy birthday gifts.
B．Making different gifts for different people on their birthdays.
C．Buying expensive gifts from the store.
D．Singing the song Happy Birthday to people on their birthdays.
B
Food culture is very interesting. Different countries have different food and table manners (餐桌礼仪).
In China, people use chopsticks (筷子) to eat. When you eat with older people, you must wait for them to eat first. It shows your respect (尊重). Also, it is not polite (礼貌的) to stick (插) your chopsticks into your rice.
In Japan, people like eating noodles. When they eat noodles, they often make loud noises (声音). It means the noodles are very delicious.
In India, people eat with their hands. But remember, they only use their right hand to eat food. They think the left hand is dirty.
In the USA, people usually use knives and forks (刀叉). They put the fork in their left hand and the knife in their right hand. When they finish eating, they put the knife and fork together on the plate (盘子).
31．What do Chinese people use to eat food
A．Hands. B．Knives. C．Forks. D．Chopsticks.
32．Why do Japanese people make noises when eating noodles
A．Because the noodles are too hot. B．Because it means the noodles are tasty.
C．Because they are very hungry. D．Because it is a bad habit.
33．Which hand do people in India use to eat
A．The right hand. B．The left hand. C．Both hands. D．They don’t use hands.
34．How do Americans usually eat their food
A．With chopsticks. B．With their right hand.
C．With knives and forks. D．With spoons only.
35．What is the best title for this passage
A．How to Use Chopsticks B．Delicious Food in the World
C．Different Table Manners D．American and Indian Food
C
Rules are very important in our daily life. They help keep order and make our life better.
At school, there are many rules. We must arrive on time. We should listen to the teacher carefully in class. We are not allowed to run in the hallways because it’s dangerous. We need to wear school uniforms on weekdays. These rules help us create a good learning environment.
At home, my parents have some rules for me too. I must finish my homework before I can watch TV. I should help with some housework, like washing dishes or taking out the trash. I have to go to bed before 10 p.m. on school nights. These rules teach me to be responsible and organized.
In public places, rules are also necessary. When we cross the road, we must wait for the green light. In the library, we must keep quiet. On the bus, we should give our seats to the old people. These rules help us live in harmony with others.
Sometimes, we may feel that rules are strict. But if we think about why we need them, we will understand. Rules are not made to control us, but to protect us and help us grow. Following rules is a sign of good manners and respect for others.
Let’s all try to be rule-followers. It will make our life more orderly and enjoyable!
36．What is the main idea of the passage
A．Rules are only important at school.
B．We don’t need rules at home.
C．Rules are important and help us in different places.
D．Rules are too strict and we should break them.
37．According to the passage, why shouldn’t we run in the school hallways
A．Because it’s noisy. B．Because it’s dangerous.
C．Because teachers don’t like it. D．Because it’s not fun.
38．What rule does the writer have at home about watching TV
A．He can watch TV anytime.
B．He must finish homework first.
C．He can only watch TV on weekends.
D．He must watch TV with his parents.
39．What does the word “harmony” in Paragraph 4 probably mean
A．冲突 B．和谐 C．危险 D．混乱
40．What is the writer’s attitude towards rules
A．He thinks rules are boring.
B．He thinks rules are useful and necessary.
C．He thinks only children need rules.
D．He thinks rules stop us from having fun.
第二节: 阅读下面短文, 从短文后所给的选项中选出能填入短文空白处的最佳选项, 使短文通顺连贯, 其中有两项是多余选项。
What can you do to keep healthy Perhaps for children, healthy eating is one of the most important things. 41
Having breakfast
A good breakfast is very important to children. It’s necessary to have it in the morning. But some children don’t have breakfast, just because they want to sleep a little longer. 42
Having milk
“My dream is that all the Chinese children can get half a kilogram of milk a day.” One great person said this during his visit to a milk farm. 43 It makes children grow stronger. It’s better for you to drink a glass of warm milk before you go to bed. That will help you have a good sleep.
44
Having healthy food is the most important. That means eating lots of different kinds of food, especially fruits and vegetables. Don’t eat too much chocolate or ice-cream. Some of you eat fast food, but in fact it is not good for your health. Try to eat healthy food as much as possible.
Have healthy eating habits (习惯), 45
A．Milk is also very important to children’s health.
B．Fruits and vegetables are healthy.
C．Here are some ideas about how to eat healthily.
D．It’s very important to eat well for every meal.
E．Remember that a good breakfast will help you study better.
F．Having healthy food
G．and you will have a strong body.
四、词汇运用（共10小题; 每小题1分, 满分10分）
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容及首字母提示，在空白处填入一个适当的单词。
People have different eating h 46 . For most of us, it’s difficult to find out what kind of food is the best for eating. There are too many kinds of food. Some are healthy, such as noodles, rice, d 47 , vegetables and fruit. But some are junk food like h 48 and ice cream. We should eat them less although they are delicious.
Then what kind of food can help us keep healthy Read on o 49 or orange juice. They give us enough vitamin C． Starting a day with a small glass of orange juice in the morning is good for our h 50 Green v 51 . They help us stay away from cancer (癌症). They also give us different vitamins.
Y 52 . It is made from milk. It is good for us and it makes our body strong. So next time when you want to drink a cup of c 53 , buy yourself a box of yogurt instead.
Green tea. It helps us to be thin. We should try to drink more green tea. H 54 , don’t drink it before you go to sleep.
It’s not hard to put these kinds of things into our daily diet (日常饮食). Of course, we can have them together with other kinds of food. That will make m 55 both healthy and delicious.
五、选词填空（共10小题; 每小题1分, 满分10分）
根据短文内容，从方框中选词并用其适当形式填空，使短文通顺、完整。
fun happy learn this or at wash wear one follow
Emily, an eight-year-old girl, is not very happy because she has so many rules 56 every day.
At school, she can’t arrive late. She can’t run or laugh loudly in the hallways and she can’t eat or listen to music in class. She agrees with (同意) 57 rules because they are reasonable (合理的). But there are some rules she can’t stand (忍受). For example, she has to wear her school uniform from Monday to Friday. She can’t 58 a cap or a hat in the classroom. She can’t talk loudly in the classroom. She has to clean the blackboard and the classroom once a week.
She also has to follow some rules at home. For example, she can’t hang out 59 watch TV after school. She has to finish her homework 60 . She can’t meet friends on school nights. And she has to be in bed by nine o’clock. 61 weekends, she has to clean her room and 62 her clothes. And she has to help her mum do housework. Later she has to go to the Children’s Palace 63 dancing. She never has any 64 . What an 65 girl!
六、阅读表达（共 5 小题; 每小题 2分, 满分10分）
Today is Sunday. Mr. Smith and Mrs. Smith are free, so they take their only son to the zoo. They arrive at the zoo at 9:00 in the morning.
There are smart elephants, cute pandas and many other animals in it. Mrs. Smith’s favourite animals are elephants, so they go to see the elephants first. The elephants are very friendly and they have long noses. They are from Thailand. And they can draw very well.
Mr. Smith likes pandas best, so they go to see the pandas next. Look at the baby panda. He looks unhappy. Oh! He can’t find his mother. How cute he is! The little son likes all the animals. He is so excited when he sees the animals in the zoo.
Mr. Smith and Mrs. Smith also see a sign. It says, “No feeding. ”
Yes, it’s dangerous for people to feed the animals in the zoo. And too much food isn’t good for animals.
根据短文内容，回答下列问题。
66．When do they arrive at the zoo
67．What animals does Mrs. Smith like best
68．Where do elephants come from
69．Why don’t people feed animals in the zoo
70．Is too much food bad for animals
七、书面表达（共1小题; 满分25分）
71．良好的生活习惯有助于身心健康。你所在的学校要举办一次关于“My life habits”的主题演讲，请你介绍自己的饮食习惯和喜欢的运动，呼吁大家养成健康的好习惯。
内容包括：
1.可在思维导图内容提示的基础上适当拓展信息；
2.介绍你一日三餐吃的食物；
3.介绍你最喜欢的运动及原因；
要求：
1.不能照抄原文，不得在作文中出现真实校名、地名和考生的真实姓名；
2.语句连贯，词数60左右，作文的开头已给出：
Hello, everyone! I’m going to tell you my life habits.
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参考答案及试题解析
1．C
【解析】句意：——这是谁的粉色鞋子？ ——它们可能是贝蒂的，因为她有很多粉色的鞋子。
Who谁；Which哪一个；Whose谁的；What什么。答句中出现了名词所有格Betty’s，说明问句需要询问物品的所属关系。询问物品的所属关系，应使用疑问代词Whose“谁的”。
2．B
【解析】句意：店员很快帮我找到了我想要的衣服。
girl女孩；assistant助理；boy男孩；waiter（餐厅）服务员。根据语境，在服装店帮助顾客找衣服的是店员，因此填“assistant”，shop assistant固定搭配，意为商店店员。
3．A
【解析】句意：尽管这个问题非常难，但学生们没有放弃。他们努力思考并尽最大努力解决它。
hard作形容词时，意为“困难的”；作副词时，意为“努力地”。hardly是副词，意为“几乎不”。第一个空在be动词后作表语，且根据“the students didn’t give up”可知，此处表示问题很难，用形容词hard；第二个空修饰动词thought，表示努力思考，用副词hard。
4．C
【解析】句意：我可以把我的字典借给你，你可以保留一个星期。
sell卖；keep保留、借用，是延续性动词，可以与时间段“for a week”连用；lend借出，表示把东西借给别人，符合“我可以借给你字典”；bring带来，不能与时间段连用。故选C。
5．B
【解析】句意：——这本字典是你的吗？——不，不是我的。是她的。
第一空，your你的（形容词性物主代词）；yours你的（名词性物主代词）；第二空，her她的（形容词性物主代词）；hers她的（名词性物主代词）。两空后均无名词，应用名词性物主代词，应填yours; hers。
6．C
【解析】句意：——我必须现在完成作业吗？——不，你不必。你可以稍后做。
mustn’t禁止；can’t不能；don’t have to不必；may not可能不。以Must开头的一般疑问句，否定回答常用“No, you needn’t”或“No, you don’t have to”，表示“不必”。应填don’t have to。
7．B
【解析】句意：我父亲喜欢徒步旅行，我也喜欢。
also也，通常用于肯定句中，放在实义动词之前、助动词或be动词之后；too也，通常用于肯定句句末，用逗号隔开；either也，用于否定句句末；neither两者都不。结合句意，此处表示“我也喜欢”，且位于句末，应用too。
8．B
【解析】句意：——抱歉，我做不到。我很傻吗？——当然不是！每个人都会犯错，没有人是完美的。
active活跃的；perfect完美的；absent缺席的；playful爱玩的。根据“Everyone makes mistakes.”可知，每个人都会犯错，没有人是完美的。应填perfect。
9．D
【解析】句意：——你总是在晚上跑步吗？——不，我从不晚上跑步，因为天黑时很难看清路。
always总是；usually通常；sometimes有时；never从不。根据前句“No”及后句“it’s hard to see the way when it’s dark”可知，天黑难认路，所以“从不”晚上跑步，应填never。
10．A
【解析】句意：——武汉的学生每天锻炼不少于2小时。——我明白了。这种变化有助于我们更多地锻炼来保持健康。
work out锻炼，运动；hang out闲逛；pick up捡起，接人；stand out突出，显眼。根据语境“exercise”和“keep fit”，此处表达“锻炼”的含义。
11．D 12．A 13．C 14．B 15．C 16．D 17．A 18．B 19．B 20．A 21．D 22．B 23．C 24．A 25．C
【导语】本文讲述了周六Bob不用上学，起床后发现下雪了，他和妹妹Mary一起堆雪人、玩耍，度过了一个快乐的周六的故事。
【解析】11．句意：Bob不用去上学，所以他起床很晚。
根据“Bob doesn’t go to school”及周六语境，不用上学通常意味着可以睡懒觉，“起床晚”符合逻辑。故选gets up。
12．句意：他的妈妈正在厨房做早餐。
根据“in the kitchen”和“breakfast”，在厨房通常是“做饭”。故选cooking。
13．句意：他仍然在房间里睡觉。
根据后文“Bob wakes up quickly”，可知之前他正在“睡觉”。故选sleeping。
14．句意：看那雪！
根据后文“He sees snow everywhere”，可知妹妹让他看的是“雪”。故选snow。
15．句意：它是如此美丽。
根据雪景描述及Bob兴奋的心情，雪景通常是“美丽的”。故选beautiful。
16．句意：整个世界都是白色的。
根据“snow everywhere”，雪覆盖世界，世界变成“白色”。故选white。
17．句意：如果你不穿暖和的衣服，你会感冒的。
根据前后句逻辑，这是条件状语从句，“如果”不穿暖会感冒。故选If。
18．句意：让我们堆个雪人吧，Mary。
make a snowman意为“堆雪人”。故选make。
19．句意：他们享受堆雪人的过程。
根据“talking and laughing”可知过程很愉快，他们“享受”其中。finish与后文“After finishing”重复。故选enjoy。
20．句意：堆完雪人后，他们玩了很长时间。
指代Bob和Mary两个人，第三人称复数用“他们”。故选they。
21．句意：每棵树都戴着一顶大白帽子，草穿着白外套。
根据拟人手法及“grass is in a white coat”，树顶积雪像“帽子”。故选hat。
22．句意：甚至Bob的头发也是白色的。
前文提到树和草是白色的，这里表示递进，头发“也”是白色的。故选also。
23．句意：在白色世界里，这两个孩子唱歌跳舞。
Bob是男孩，Mary是女孩，合称“孩子们”。文中提到His sister，不是表兄妹。故选children。
24．句意：Bob和Mary如此快乐且充满活力。
根据“sing and dance”及“best Saturday ever”，心情是“快乐的”。故选happy。
25．句意：他们不想回家，尽管鼻子冻冷了。
在外玩耍久了，通常是不想回“家”。go home指返回家中。故选home。
26．C 27．B 28．A 29．A 30．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了在没有太多钱的情况下，如何根据不同对象亲手制作生日礼物的建议。
【解析】26．根据第③段“To your grandparents. You can make some small cakes for them.”可知，给祖父母可以做小蛋糕。
27．第④段提到可以制作卡片并写上感谢的话，以及老师课堂上喜欢的内容，这显然是给老师的建议，因此横线处应为“To your teacher”。
28．第④段中“You can make a nice card... This will make your teacher feel happy.”中的“it”指代前面提到的“a nice card”。
29．文章结构为：第①段总起引入主题，第②③④⑤段分别介绍给父母、祖父母、老师、朋友的礼物建议，属于“总—分”结构，即①→②③④⑤。
30．文章围绕“不同的人过生日时，如何亲手制作不同的礼物”展开。
31．D 32．B 33．A 34．C 35．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍中国、日本、印度、美国四个国家不同的饮食与餐桌礼仪，展现各国饮食文化差异。
31．第二段提到“In China, people use chopsticks to eat”，中国人用筷子吃饭。
32．第三段提到“When they eat noodles, they often make loud noises. It means the noodles are very delicious”，日本人吃面条出声是因为这表示面条美味，tasty与delicious同义。
33．第四段提到“In India...they only use their right hand to eat food”，印度人用右手吃饭。
34．第五段提到“In the USA, people usually use knives and forks”，美国人通常用刀叉吃饭。
35．文章开篇点明不同国家有不同食物和餐桌礼仪，下文分别介绍各国礼仪，核心主题为不同的餐桌礼仪，“Different Table Manners”最贴合主旨。
36．C 37．B 38．B 39．B 40．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章开篇点明规则对维持秩序、改善生活至关重要，随后分别介绍了学校、家庭、公共场所的具体规则，最后强调规则不是为了控制我们，而是为了保护和帮助我们，呼吁大家做遵守规则的人。
36．根据第1段“Rules are very important in our daily life. They help keep order and make our life better.”可知，文章首段直接点明主旨，同时全文围绕“规则在不同场景的重要性”展开，
37．根据第2段中的“We are not allowed to run in the hallways because it’s dangerous.”可知，是因为在走廊里跑是危险的。
38．根据第3段中的“I must finish my homework before I can watch TV.”可知，作者必须先完成作业才能看电视。
39．根据第4段中的“When we cross the road, we must wait for the green light. In the library, we must keep quiet. On the bus, we should give our seats to the old people. These rules help us live in harmony with others.”可知，过马路时，我们必须等绿灯。在图书馆里，我们必须保持安静。在公共汽车上，我们应该把座位让给老人。这些规则帮助我们与他人和谐相处。“harmony”的意思是“和谐”。
40．根据第5段中的“Rules are not made to control us, but to protect us and help us grow.”可知，作者认为规则是有用，且必要的。
41．C 42．E 43．A 44．F 45．G
【导语】本文介绍了儿童保持健康的重要方法，强调健康饮食的关键性，包括吃早餐、喝牛奶、选择健康食物以及养成良好饮食习惯，从而拥有强健体魄。
【解析】41．根据下文“Having breakfast”以及“Having milk”可知，后面是谈论几个有关健康饮食的方法，选项C“这里有一些关于如何健康饮食的想法”符合语境，用以引出下面的保持健康的方法。故选C。
42．根据上文“A good breakfast is very important to children. It’s necessary to have it in the morning. But some children don’t have breakfast, just because they want to sleep a little longer.”可知，早餐对儿童很重要，选项E“记住，一顿好的早餐会帮助你更好地学习”符合语境。故选E。
43．根据上文“One great person said this during his visit to a milk farm.”可知，此处是谈论关于牛奶的，选项A“牛奶对儿童的健康也非常重要”符合语境。故选A。
44．根据下文“Having healthy food is the most important.”可知，此处谈论健康的食物，选项F“吃健康的食物”符合语境。故选F。
45．根据上文“Have healthy eating habits.”可知，此处总结健康饮食的作用，选项G“这样你就会有一个强壮的身体”符合语境。故选G。
46．habits/abits 47．dumplings/umplings 48．hamburgers/amburgers 49．oranges/ranges 50．health/ealth 51．vegetables/egetables 52．Yogurt/ogurt 53．coffee/offee 54．However/owever 55．meals/eals
【导语】本文介绍了不同食物的健康属性，区分健康食品与垃圾食品，并推荐了有益健康的食物，指导人们养成良好饮食习惯。
46．句意：人们有不同的饮食习惯。句子中“different eating”的语境表明此处需填表示“习惯”的名词，结合首字母“h”，此处表示泛指，“habit”的复数形式“habits”表示“饮食习惯”，符合“人们饮食方式不同”的描述。
47．句意：比如面条、米饭、饺子、蔬菜和水果。前文“healthy food”的范畴表明此处需填健康食物类名词，结合首字母“d”，此处表示泛指，“dumpling”的复数形式“dumplings”表示“饺子”，属于健康食物的一种，符合语境。
48．句意：但有些是垃圾食品，比如汉堡和冰淇淋。前文“junk food”的范畴表明此处需填垃圾食品类名词，结合首字母“h”，此处表示泛指，“hamburger”的复数形式“hamburgers”表示“汉堡”，是垃圾食品的典型代表。
49．句意：继续读关于橙子或橙汁的内容。后文“orange juice”的对应关系表明此处需填对应的水果名词，结合首字母“o”，此处表示泛指，“orange”的复数形式“oranges”表示“橙子”，与“orange juice”同属一类健康食品，符合语境，故此处需填“oranges”。
50．句意：早上喝一小杯橙汁对我们的健康有好处。“be good for”的搭配表明此处需填表示“健康”的名词，结合首字母“h”，“health”表示“健康”，“be good for our health”表示“对我们的健康有益”，符合语境。
51．句意：绿色蔬菜。它们帮助我们远离癌症。“Green”的修饰表明此处需填表示“蔬菜”的名词，结合首字母“v”，此处表示泛指，“vegetable”的复数形式“vegetables”表示“蔬菜”，“Green vegetables”表示“绿色蔬菜”，符合“有益健康”的描述。
52．句意：酸奶。它由牛奶制成。“made from milk”的属性描述表明此处需填由牛奶制成的食品名词，结合首字母“Y”，“Yogurt”表示“酸奶”，符合该食品特征。
53．句意：所以下次当你想喝一杯咖啡时，给自己买一盒酸奶吧。“drink a cup of”的搭配表明此处需填饮品类名词，结合首字母“c”，“coffee”表示“咖啡”，是常见饮品，与后文“yogurt”形成替代建议，符合语境。
54．句意：然而，睡觉前不要喝它。前文“多喝绿茶有益”的内容与本句“睡觉前不要喝”形成转折关系，结合首字母“H”，“However”表示“然而”，用于引出相反的注意事项，符合逻辑。
55．句意：那会让我们的餐食既健康又美味。“daily diet”的范畴表明此处需填表示“餐食”的名词，结合首字母“m”，此处表示泛指，“meal”的复数形式“meals”表示“餐食”，指日常饮食中的餐食，符合“既健康又美味”的描述。
56．to follow 57．these 58．wear 59．or 60．first 61．At 62．wash 63．to learn 64．fun 65．unhappy
【导语】本文介绍了Emily每天在学校和家里要遵守的各种规则，这些规则让她感到不开心。
56．句意：八岁的女孩艾米丽不太开心，因为她每天都要遵守很多规则。根据“...has so many rules...every day.”及备选词汇可知，“rule”前常用“follow”表示“遵守规则”，结合“has”结构，需用动词不定式“to follow”。故填to follow。
57．句意：她同意这些规则，因为它们是合理的。根据“she agrees with...rules”及备选词汇可知，此处指代“这些规则”，应用指示代词“these”表示“这些”，作with的宾语，名词复数形式。故填these。
58．句意：她不能在教室里戴帽子。根据“She can’t...a cap or a hat”及备选词汇可知，空处需填动词“戴”，“wear”意为“穿、戴”，是表示穿衣或戴帽子的常用动词，放在can’t之后用动词原形，故填wear。
59．句意：例如，她放学后不能出去玩或看电视。根据“she can’t hang out...watch TV”及备选词汇可知，空处需连接两个并列动词，“or”表示“或者”，与否定句连用表示“也不能”。故填or。
60．句意：她必须先完成作业。根据“She has to finish her homework...”和备选词汇及语序判断，空处需填副词“first”作时间顺序副词，表示“首先、先”。故填first。
61．句意：在周末，她要打扫房间并洗她的衣服。根据“...weekends”及备选词汇可知，此处应使用介词“at”构成短语“on weekends”，表示时间“在周末”。句首首字母大写。故填At。
62．句意：在周末，她要打扫房间并洗她的衣服。根据“she has to clean her room and...her clothes.”可知空处与前面的“clean her room”并列，空处需填动词原形，结合备选词汇可知此处指“洗衣服”。wash意为“洗”，符合句中结构。故填wash。
63．句意：之后她还得去少年宫学跳舞。根据“Later she has to go to the Children’s Palace...dancing.”及备选词汇可知，此处是指去“学舞蹈”。go后跟动词不定式表目的，“to learn dancing”意为“去学习跳舞”，learn为动词原形，不定式形式为“to learn”。故填to learn。
64．句意：她从来没有什么乐趣。根据“She never has any...”及备选词汇可知，空处需用表示“乐趣”的不可数名词，“fun”意为“乐趣”，符合语境。故填fun。
65．句意：多么不开心的女孩啊！根据全文规则太多的生活推断，Emily是“不开心的”，用形容词unhappy表示情绪，作定语修饰girl。故填unhappy。
66．At 9:00 in the morning. 67．Elephants. 68．Thailand. 69．Because it’s dangerous. 70．Yes, it is.
【导语】
本文主要讲述了星期天史密斯一家三口去动物园游玩的经历，包括他们看到的大象、熊猫等动物，以及动物园里“禁止投喂”的规定和原因。
【解析】66．第一段明确指出他们到达动物园的时间是“They arrive at the zoo at 9:00 in the morning”，因此答案是原文中的直接信息。
67．第二段指出“Mrs. Smith’s favourite animals are elephants”，即史密斯夫人最喜欢的动物是大象，这是原文直接表述，直接提取即可。
68．第二段提到大象的来源“They are from Thailand”，因此答案是原文直接信息。
69．最后一段明确说明人们不能在动物园喂动物的原因是“it’s dangerous for people to feed the animals in the zoo”，答案可直接从原文中提取。
70．最后一段指出“too much food isn’t good for animals”，即太多食物对动物不好，因此用Yes, it is.作肯定回答，与原文表述一致。
71．例文
My life habits
Hello, everyone! I’m going to tell you my life habits.
I have some good eating habits. For breakfast, I usually have an egg and a glass of milk. For lunch, I eat rice with vegetables and some meat. I have a light dinner with fruit and soup.
My favorite sport is running, because it makes me strong and energetic.
I hope everyone can keep healthy habits to live a happy life!
【解析】写作步骤
【第一步：审题立意】
确定文体：说明性记叙文，介绍个人生活习惯
明确要点：三餐饮食内容、最喜欢的运动及原因、对健康习惯的呼吁
确定人称：第一人称（I/my）
注意事项：保持一般现在时为主，语言简洁、积极向上
【第二步：构思布局】
三段式结构：
开头段：问候并引出话题“我的生活习惯”
主体段：分别介绍早餐、午餐、晚餐的饮食内容，以及最喜欢的运动（跑步）及其益处
结尾段：总结呼吁，希望每个人养成健康习惯，过上快乐生活
【第三步：要点展开】
要点一：三餐饮食
早餐：an egg and a glass of milk, some bread and a glass of milk
午餐：rice with vegetables and some meat, rice with vegetables and fish
晚餐：light dinner with fruit and soup, salad and soup
表达方式：For breakfast/lunch/dinner, I usually have ... /I eat..., I like to have...for breakfast/lunch/dinner
要点二：最喜欢的运动
运动项目：running,jogging, swimming
喜欢原因：makes me strong and energetic, makes me feel relaxed
表达方式：My favorite sport is...because..., I like...best because
要点三：结尾呼吁
内容：希望大家保持健康习惯，从而生活快乐
表达方式：I hope everyone can keep healthy habits to live a happy life!/Start to play sports today!
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/ 让学习更有效 期末培优卷 | 英语学科
2025-2026学年六年级下册英语鲁教版（五四学制）（新教材）
期末素养达标培优卷
试卷满分120分，考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：
1．答卷前、考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在指定位置。
2．选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把对应题目的答案标号涂黑。写在试卷、草稿纸上的非答题区域均无效。
3．非选择题的作答：用黑色签字笔直接答在对应的答题区域内，写在试卷、草稿纸上的非答题区域均无效。
4．考试结束后，请将试卷交回。
一、单项选择（共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分）
从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
1．—________ pink shoes are these
—They may be Betty’s because she has many pink shoes.
A．Who B．Which C．Whose D．What
2．The shop __________ helped me find the clothes I wanted quickly.
A．girl B．assistant C．boy D．waiter
3．Though the problem was very ________, the students didn’t give up. They thought ________ and tried their best to solve it.
A．hard; hard B．hardly; hardly C．hard; hardly D．hardly; hard
4．I can ________ you my dictionary, and you can ________ it for a week.
A．sell; keep B．lend; bring C．lend; keep D．bring; lend
5．—Is this dictionary ________
—No, it’s not mine. It’s ________.
A．your; her B．yours; hers C．your; hers D．yours; her
6．—Must I finish my homework now
—No, you ________.You can do it later.
A．mustn’t B．can’t C．don’t have to D．may not
7．My father likes hiking, and I like it ________.
A．also B．too C．either D．neither
8．—Sorry, I can’t do it. Am I silly
—Of course not! Everyone makes mistakes. No one is ________.
A．active B．perfect C．absent D．playful
9．—Do you always run in the evening
—No, I ________ do, because it’s hard to see the way when it’s dark.
A．always B．usually C．sometimes D．never
10．—Students exercise for no less than 2 hours every day in Wuhan.
—I see. This change helps us ________ more to keep fit.
A．work out B．hang out C．pick up D．stand out
二、完形填空（共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
It’s Saturday. Bob doesn’t go to school, so he 11 late. His mother is 12 breakfast in the kitchen. He is still 13 in his room. His sister Mary says, “Look at the 14 !” Bob wakes up quickly (很快地) after hearing it. He sees snow everywhere through the window. It’s so 15 . “The whole world is 16 .”
“Mum, can I go outside ” Bob asks excitedly. “Wear warm clothes. 17 you don’t, you will get a cold,” says Mum. Bob puts on his clothes. “Let’s 18 a snowman, Mary,” says Bob. They 19 building the snowman. They work together, talking and laughing.
After finishing the snowman, 20 play for a long time. Each tree wears a big white 21 , and the grass is in a white coat. Even Bob’s hair is 22 white.
In the white world, the two 23 sing and dance. Bob and Mary are so 24 and full of energy. They don’t want to go 25 , although their noses are cold. “This is the best Saturday ever,” Bob says.
11．A．goes out B．hangs out C．eats out D．gets up
12．A．cooking B．cleaning C．washing D．shopping
13．A．working B．looking C．sleeping D．playing
14．A．rain B．snow C．sun D．air
15．A．important B．difficult C．beautiful D．healthy
16．A．green B．black C．yellow D．white
17．A．If B．Because C．So D．But
18．A．buy B．make C．wash D．keep
19．A．mind B．enjoy C．finish D．remember
20．A．they B．we C．you D．it
21．A．watch B．key C．box D．hat
22．A．always B．also C．still D．never
23．A．boys B．girls C．children D．cousins
24．A．happy B．tired C．bored D．hungry
25．A．library B．park C．home D．hospital
三、阅读理解（共两节, 20小题; 每小题2分, 满分40分）
第一节: 阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。
A
①If you want to give birthday gifts to people but you don’t have much money, what should you do Here are some do-it-yourself gift ideas. You can have a try.
② To your parents. You can clean your house. You can also draw a picture for them. For them, these are the best gifts.
③ To your grandparents. You can make some small cakes for them. Having a big meal with them at home is also a good idea.
④________. You can make a nice card with the words of thanks on it. You can write down your favourite things you learn in the teacher’s class. This will make your teacher feel happy.
⑤ To your friend. When your friend has his/her birthday, you can make a birthday card for him/her by hand. It’s a small thing, but it means a lot to him/her. You can also sing the song Happy Birthday to him/her.
26．According to the passage, what can you do for your grandparents’ birthday
A．Write a letter to them. B．Clean their house.
C．Make some small cakes. D．Draw a picture.
27．Which can we put in “________”
A．To your sister B．To your teacher
C．To your brother D．To your classmate
28．What does the underlined word “it” refer to (指的是) in Paragraph 4
A．The card. B．The letter. C．The song. D．The picture.
29．Which is the structure (结构) of the passage
A．①→②③④⑤ B．①②→③④⑤ C．①②③→④⑤ D．①→②③→④⑤
30．What is the main idea (主旨大意) of the passage
A．How to make money to buy birthday gifts.
B．Making different gifts for different people on their birthdays.
C．Buying expensive gifts from the store.
D．Singing the song Happy Birthday to people on their birthdays.
B
Food culture is very interesting. Different countries have different food and table manners (餐桌礼仪).
In China, people use chopsticks (筷子) to eat. When you eat with older people, you must wait for them to eat first. It shows your respect (尊重). Also, it is not polite (礼貌的) to stick (插) your chopsticks into your rice.
In Japan, people like eating noodles. When they eat noodles, they often make loud noises (声音). It means the noodles are very delicious.
In India, people eat with their hands. But remember, they only use their right hand to eat food. They think the left hand is dirty.
In the USA, people usually use knives and forks (刀叉). They put the fork in their left hand and the knife in their right hand. When they finish eating, they put the knife and fork together on the plate (盘子).
31．What do Chinese people use to eat food
A．Hands. B．Knives. C．Forks. D．Chopsticks.
32．Why do Japanese people make noises when eating noodles
A．Because the noodles are too hot. B．Because it means the noodles are tasty.
C．Because they are very hungry. D．Because it is a bad habit.
33．Which hand do people in India use to eat
A．The right hand. B．The left hand. C．Both hands. D．They don’t use hands.
34．How do Americans usually eat their food
A．With chopsticks. B．With their right hand.
C．With knives and forks. D．With spoons only.
35．What is the best title for this passage
A．How to Use Chopsticks B．Delicious Food in the World
C．Different Table Manners D．American and Indian Food
C
Rules are very important in our daily life. They help keep order and make our life better.
At school, there are many rules. We must arrive on time. We should listen to the teacher carefully in class. We are not allowed to run in the hallways because it’s dangerous. We need to wear school uniforms on weekdays. These rules help us create a good learning environment.
At home, my parents have some rules for me too. I must finish my homework before I can watch TV. I should help with some housework, like washing dishes or taking out the trash. I have to go to bed before 10 p.m. on school nights. These rules teach me to be responsible and organized.
In public places, rules are also necessary. When we cross the road, we must wait for the green light. In the library, we must keep quiet. On the bus, we should give our seats to the old people. These rules help us live in harmony with others.
Sometimes, we may feel that rules are strict. But if we think about why we need them, we will understand. Rules are not made to control us, but to protect us and help us grow. Following rules is a sign of good manners and respect for others.
Let’s all try to be rule-followers. It will make our life more orderly and enjoyable!
36．What is the main idea of the passage
A．Rules are only important at school.
B．We don’t need rules at home.
C．Rules are important and help us in different places.
D．Rules are too strict and we should break them.
37．According to the passage, why shouldn’t we run in the school hallways
A．Because it’s noisy. B．Because it’s dangerous.
C．Because teachers don’t like it. D．Because it’s not fun.
38．What rule does the writer have at home about watching TV
A．He can watch TV anytime.
B．He must finish homework first.
C．He can only watch TV on weekends.
D．He must watch TV with his parents.
39．What does the word “harmony” in Paragraph 4 probably mean
A．冲突 B．和谐 C．危险 D．混乱
40．What is the writer’s attitude towards rules
A．He thinks rules are boring.
B．He thinks rules are useful and necessary.
C．He thinks only children need rules.
D．He thinks rules stop us from having fun.
第二节: 阅读下面短文, 从短文后所给的选项中选出能填入短文空白处的最佳选项, 使短文通顺连贯, 其中有两项是多余选项。
What can you do to keep healthy Perhaps for children, healthy eating is one of the most important things. 41
Having breakfast
A good breakfast is very important to children. It’s necessary to have it in the morning. But some children don’t have breakfast, just because they want to sleep a little longer. 42
Having milk
“My dream is that all the Chinese children can get half a kilogram of milk a day.” One great person said this during his visit to a milk farm. 43 It makes children grow stronger. It’s better for you to drink a glass of warm milk before you go to bed. That will help you have a good sleep.
44
Having healthy food is the most important. That means eating lots of different kinds of food, especially fruits and vegetables. Don’t eat too much chocolate or ice-cream. Some of you eat fast food, but in fact it is not good for your health. Try to eat healthy food as much as possible.
Have healthy eating habits (习惯), 45
A．Milk is also very important to children’s health.
B．Fruits and vegetables are healthy.
C．Here are some ideas about how to eat healthily.
D．It’s very important to eat well for every meal.
E．Remember that a good breakfast will help you study better.
F．Having healthy food
G．and you will have a strong body.
四、词汇运用（共10小题; 每小题1分, 满分10分）
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容及首字母提示，在空白处填入一个适当的单词。
People have different eating h 46 . For most of us, it’s difficult to find out what kind of food is the best for eating. There are too many kinds of food. Some are healthy, such as noodles, rice, d 47 , vegetables and fruit. But some are junk food like h 48 and ice cream. We should eat them less although they are delicious.
Then what kind of food can help us keep healthy Read on o 49 or orange juice. They give us enough vitamin C． Starting a day with a small glass of orange juice in the morning is good for our h 50 Green v 51 . They help us stay away from cancer (癌症). They also give us different vitamins.
Y 52 . It is made from milk. It is good for us and it makes our body strong. So next time when you want to drink a cup of c 53 , buy yourself a box of yogurt instead.
Green tea. It helps us to be thin. We should try to drink more green tea. H 54 , don’t drink it before you go to sleep.
It’s not hard to put these kinds of things into our daily diet (日常饮食). Of course, we can have them together with other kinds of food. That will make m 55 both healthy and delicious.
五、选词填空（共10小题; 每小题1分, 满分10分）
根据短文内容，从方框中选词并用其适当形式填空，使短文通顺、完整。
fun happy learn this or at wash wear one follow
Emily, an eight-year-old girl, is not very happy because she has so many rules 56 every day.
At school, she can’t arrive late. She can’t run or laugh loudly in the hallways and she can’t eat or listen to music in class. She agrees with (同意) 57 rules because they are reasonable (合理的). But there are some rules she can’t stand (忍受). For example, she has to wear her school uniform from Monday to Friday. She can’t 58 a cap or a hat in the classroom. She can’t talk loudly in the classroom. She has to clean the blackboard and the classroom once a week.
She also has to follow some rules at home. For example, she can’t hang out 59 watch TV after school. She has to finish her homework 60 . She can’t meet friends on school nights. And she has to be in bed by nine o’clock. 61 weekends, she has to clean her room and 62 her clothes. And she has to help her mum do housework. Later she has to go to the Children’s Palace 63 dancing. She never has any 64 . What an 65 girl!
六、阅读表达（共 5 小题; 每小题 2分, 满分10分）
Today is Sunday. Mr. Smith and Mrs. Smith are free, so they take their only son to the zoo. They arrive at the zoo at 9:00 in the morning.
There are smart elephants, cute pandas and many other animals in it. Mrs. Smith’s favourite animals are elephants, so they go to see the elephants first. The elephants are very friendly and they have long noses. They are from Thailand. And they can draw very well.
Mr. Smith likes pandas best, so they go to see the pandas next. Look at the baby panda. He looks unhappy. Oh! He can’t find his mother. How cute he is! The little son likes all the animals. He is so excited when he sees the animals in the zoo.
Mr. Smith and Mrs. Smith also see a sign. It says, “No feeding. ”
Yes, it’s dangerous for people to feed the animals in the zoo. And too much food isn’t good for animals.
根据短文内容，回答下列问题。
66．When do they arrive at the zoo
67．What animals does Mrs. Smith like best
68．Where do elephants come from
69．Why don’t people feed animals in the zoo
70．Is too much food bad for animals
七、书面表达（共1小题; 满分25分）
71．良好的生活习惯有助于身心健康。你所在的学校要举办一次关于“My life habits”的主题演讲，请你介绍自己的饮食习惯和喜欢的运动，呼吁大家养成健康的好习惯。
内容包括：
1.可在思维导图内容提示的基础上适当拓展信息；
2.介绍你一日三餐吃的食物；
3.介绍你最喜欢的运动及原因；
要求：
1.不能照抄原文，不得在作文中出现真实校名、地名和考生的真实姓名；
2.语句连贯，词数60左右，作文的开头已给出：
Hello, everyone! I’m going to tell you my life habits.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
/ 让学习更有效 期末培优卷 | 英语学科
/ 让学习更有效 期末培优卷 | 英语学科
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
参考答案及试题解析
1．C
【解析】句意：——这是谁的粉色鞋子？ ——它们可能是贝蒂的，因为她有很多粉色的鞋子。
Who谁；Which哪一个；Whose谁的；What什么。答句中出现了名词所有格Betty’s，说明问句需要询问物品的所属关系。询问物品的所属关系，应使用疑问代词Whose“谁的”。
2．B
【解析】句意：店员很快帮我找到了我想要的衣服。
girl女孩；assistant助理；boy男孩；waiter（餐厅）服务员。根据语境，在服装店帮助顾客找衣服的是店员，因此填“assistant”，shop assistant固定搭配，意为商店店员。
3．A
【解析】句意：尽管这个问题非常难，但学生们没有放弃。他们努力思考并尽最大努力解决它。
hard作形容词时，意为“困难的”；作副词时，意为“努力地”。hardly是副词，意为“几乎不”。第一个空在be动词后作表语，且根据“the students didn’t give up”可知，此处表示问题很难，用形容词hard；第二个空修饰动词thought，表示努力思考，用副词hard。
4．C
【解析】句意：我可以把我的字典借给你，你可以保留一个星期。
sell卖；keep保留、借用，是延续性动词，可以与时间段“for a week”连用；lend借出，表示把东西借给别人，符合“我可以借给你字典”；bring带来，不能与时间段连用。故选C。
5．B
【解析】句意：——这本字典是你的吗？——不，不是我的。是她的。
第一空，your你的（形容词性物主代词）；yours你的（名词性物主代词）；第二空，her她的（形容词性物主代词）；hers她的（名词性物主代词）。两空后均无名词，应用名词性物主代词，应填yours; hers。
6．C
【解析】句意：——我必须现在完成作业吗？——不，你不必。你可以稍后做。
mustn’t禁止；can’t不能；don’t have to不必；may not可能不。以Must开头的一般疑问句，否定回答常用“No, you needn’t”或“No, you don’t have to”，表示“不必”。应填don’t have to。
7．B
【解析】句意：我父亲喜欢徒步旅行，我也喜欢。
also也，通常用于肯定句中，放在实义动词之前、助动词或be动词之后；too也，通常用于肯定句句末，用逗号隔开；either也，用于否定句句末；neither两者都不。结合句意，此处表示“我也喜欢”，且位于句末，应用too。
8．B
【解析】句意：——抱歉，我做不到。我很傻吗？——当然不是！每个人都会犯错，没有人是完美的。
active活跃的；perfect完美的；absent缺席的；playful爱玩的。根据“Everyone makes mistakes.”可知，每个人都会犯错，没有人是完美的。应填perfect。
9．D
【解析】句意：——你总是在晚上跑步吗？——不，我从不晚上跑步，因为天黑时很难看清路。
always总是；usually通常；sometimes有时；never从不。根据前句“No”及后句“it’s hard to see the way when it’s dark”可知，天黑难认路，所以“从不”晚上跑步，应填never。
10．A
【解析】句意：——武汉的学生每天锻炼不少于2小时。——我明白了。这种变化有助于我们更多地锻炼来保持健康。
work out锻炼，运动；hang out闲逛；pick up捡起，接人；stand out突出，显眼。根据语境“exercise”和“keep fit”，此处表达“锻炼”的含义。
11．D 12．A 13．C 14．B 15．C 16．D 17．A 18．B 19．B 20．A 21．D 22．B 23．C 24．A 25．C
【导语】本文讲述了周六Bob不用上学，起床后发现下雪了，他和妹妹Mary一起堆雪人、玩耍，度过了一个快乐的周六的故事。
【解析】11．句意：Bob不用去上学，所以他起床很晚。
根据“Bob doesn’t go to school”及周六语境，不用上学通常意味着可以睡懒觉，“起床晚”符合逻辑。故选gets up。
12．句意：他的妈妈正在厨房做早餐。
根据“in the kitchen”和“breakfast”，在厨房通常是“做饭”。故选cooking。
13．句意：他仍然在房间里睡觉。
根据后文“Bob wakes up quickly”，可知之前他正在“睡觉”。故选sleeping。
14．句意：看那雪！
根据后文“He sees snow everywhere”，可知妹妹让他看的是“雪”。故选snow。
15．句意：它是如此美丽。
根据雪景描述及Bob兴奋的心情，雪景通常是“美丽的”。故选beautiful。
16．句意：整个世界都是白色的。
根据“snow everywhere”，雪覆盖世界，世界变成“白色”。故选white。
17．句意：如果你不穿暖和的衣服，你会感冒的。
根据前后句逻辑，这是条件状语从句，“如果”不穿暖会感冒。故选If。
18．句意：让我们堆个雪人吧，Mary。
make a snowman意为“堆雪人”。故选make。
19．句意：他们享受堆雪人的过程。
根据“talking and laughing”可知过程很愉快，他们“享受”其中。finish与后文“After finishing”重复。故选enjoy。
20．句意：堆完雪人后，他们玩了很长时间。
指代Bob和Mary两个人，第三人称复数用“他们”。故选they。
21．句意：每棵树都戴着一顶大白帽子，草穿着白外套。
根据拟人手法及“grass is in a white coat”，树顶积雪像“帽子”。故选hat。
22．句意：甚至Bob的头发也是白色的。
前文提到树和草是白色的，这里表示递进，头发“也”是白色的。故选also。
23．句意：在白色世界里，这两个孩子唱歌跳舞。
Bob是男孩，Mary是女孩，合称“孩子们”。文中提到His sister，不是表兄妹。故选children。
24．句意：Bob和Mary如此快乐且充满活力。
根据“sing and dance”及“best Saturday ever”，心情是“快乐的”。故选happy。
25．句意：他们不想回家，尽管鼻子冻冷了。
在外玩耍久了，通常是不想回“家”。go home指返回家中。故选home。
26．C 27．B 28．A 29．A 30．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了在没有太多钱的情况下，如何根据不同对象亲手制作生日礼物的建议。
【解析】26．根据第③段“To your grandparents. You can make some small cakes for them.”可知，给祖父母可以做小蛋糕。
27．第④段提到可以制作卡片并写上感谢的话，以及老师课堂上喜欢的内容，这显然是给老师的建议，因此横线处应为“To your teacher”。
28．第④段中“You can make a nice card... This will make your teacher feel happy.”中的“it”指代前面提到的“a nice card”。
29．文章结构为：第①段总起引入主题，第②③④⑤段分别介绍给父母、祖父母、老师、朋友的礼物建议，属于“总—分”结构，即①→②③④⑤。
30．文章围绕“不同的人过生日时，如何亲手制作不同的礼物”展开。
31．D 32．B 33．A 34．C 35．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍中国、日本、印度、美国四个国家不同的饮食与餐桌礼仪，展现各国饮食文化差异。
31．第二段提到“In China, people use chopsticks to eat”，中国人用筷子吃饭。
32．第三段提到“When they eat noodles, they often make loud noises. It means the noodles are very delicious”，日本人吃面条出声是因为这表示面条美味，tasty与delicious同义。
33．第四段提到“In India...they only use their right hand to eat food”，印度人用右手吃饭。
34．第五段提到“In the USA, people usually use knives and forks”，美国人通常用刀叉吃饭。
35．文章开篇点明不同国家有不同食物和餐桌礼仪，下文分别介绍各国礼仪，核心主题为不同的餐桌礼仪，“Different Table Manners”最贴合主旨。
36．C 37．B 38．B 39．B 40．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章开篇点明规则对维持秩序、改善生活至关重要，随后分别介绍了学校、家庭、公共场所的具体规则，最后强调规则不是为了控制我们，而是为了保护和帮助我们，呼吁大家做遵守规则的人。
36．根据第1段“Rules are very important in our daily life. They help keep order and make our life better.”可知，文章首段直接点明主旨，同时全文围绕“规则在不同场景的重要性”展开，
37．根据第2段中的“We are not allowed to run in the hallways because it’s dangerous.”可知，是因为在走廊里跑是危险的。
38．根据第3段中的“I must finish my homework before I can watch TV.”可知，作者必须先完成作业才能看电视。
39．根据第4段中的“When we cross the road, we must wait for the green light. In the library, we must keep quiet. On the bus, we should give our seats to the old people. These rules help us live in harmony with others.”可知，过马路时，我们必须等绿灯。在图书馆里，我们必须保持安静。在公共汽车上，我们应该把座位让给老人。这些规则帮助我们与他人和谐相处。“harmony”的意思是“和谐”。
40．根据第5段中的“Rules are not made to control us, but to protect us and help us grow.”可知，作者认为规则是有用，且必要的。
41．C 42．E 43．A 44．F 45．G
【导语】本文介绍了儿童保持健康的重要方法，强调健康饮食的关键性，包括吃早餐、喝牛奶、选择健康食物以及养成良好饮食习惯，从而拥有强健体魄。
【解析】41．根据下文“Having breakfast”以及“Having milk”可知，后面是谈论几个有关健康饮食的方法，选项C“这里有一些关于如何健康饮食的想法”符合语境，用以引出下面的保持健康的方法。故选C。
42．根据上文“A good breakfast is very important to children. It’s necessary to have it in the morning. But some children don’t have breakfast, just because they want to sleep a little longer.”可知，早餐对儿童很重要，选项E“记住，一顿好的早餐会帮助你更好地学习”符合语境。故选E。
43．根据上文“One great person said this during his visit to a milk farm.”可知，此处是谈论关于牛奶的，选项A“牛奶对儿童的健康也非常重要”符合语境。故选A。
44．根据下文“Having healthy food is the most important.”可知，此处谈论健康的食物，选项F“吃健康的食物”符合语境。故选F。
45．根据上文“Have healthy eating habits.”可知，此处总结健康饮食的作用，选项G“这样你就会有一个强壮的身体”符合语境。故选G。
46．habits/abits 47．dumplings/umplings 48．hamburgers/amburgers 49．oranges/ranges 50．health/ealth 51．vegetables/egetables 52．Yogurt/ogurt 53．coffee/offee 54．However/owever 55．meals/eals
【导语】本文介绍了不同食物的健康属性，区分健康食品与垃圾食品，并推荐了有益健康的食物，指导人们养成良好饮食习惯。
46．句意：人们有不同的饮食习惯。句子中“different eating”的语境表明此处需填表示“习惯”的名词，结合首字母“h”，此处表示泛指，“habit”的复数形式“habits”表示“饮食习惯”，符合“人们饮食方式不同”的描述。
47．句意：比如面条、米饭、饺子、蔬菜和水果。前文“healthy food”的范畴表明此处需填健康食物类名词，结合首字母“d”，此处表示泛指，“dumpling”的复数形式“dumplings”表示“饺子”，属于健康食物的一种，符合语境。
48．句意：但有些是垃圾食品，比如汉堡和冰淇淋。前文“junk food”的范畴表明此处需填垃圾食品类名词，结合首字母“h”，此处表示泛指，“hamburger”的复数形式“hamburgers”表示“汉堡”，是垃圾食品的典型代表。
49．句意：继续读关于橙子或橙汁的内容。后文“orange juice”的对应关系表明此处需填对应的水果名词，结合首字母“o”，此处表示泛指，“orange”的复数形式“oranges”表示“橙子”，与“orange juice”同属一类健康食品，符合语境，故此处需填“oranges”。
50．句意：早上喝一小杯橙汁对我们的健康有好处。“be good for”的搭配表明此处需填表示“健康”的名词，结合首字母“h”，“health”表示“健康”，“be good for our health”表示“对我们的健康有益”，符合语境。
51．句意：绿色蔬菜。它们帮助我们远离癌症。“Green”的修饰表明此处需填表示“蔬菜”的名词，结合首字母“v”，此处表示泛指，“vegetable”的复数形式“vegetables”表示“蔬菜”，“Green vegetables”表示“绿色蔬菜”，符合“有益健康”的描述。
52．句意：酸奶。它由牛奶制成。“made from milk”的属性描述表明此处需填由牛奶制成的食品名词，结合首字母“Y”，“Yogurt”表示“酸奶”，符合该食品特征。
53．句意：所以下次当你想喝一杯咖啡时，给自己买一盒酸奶吧。“drink a cup of”的搭配表明此处需填饮品类名词，结合首字母“c”，“coffee”表示“咖啡”，是常见饮品，与后文“yogurt”形成替代建议，符合语境。
54．句意：然而，睡觉前不要喝它。前文“多喝绿茶有益”的内容与本句“睡觉前不要喝”形成转折关系，结合首字母“H”，“However”表示“然而”，用于引出相反的注意事项，符合逻辑。
55．句意：那会让我们的餐食既健康又美味。“daily diet”的范畴表明此处需填表示“餐食”的名词，结合首字母“m”，此处表示泛指，“meal”的复数形式“meals”表示“餐食”，指日常饮食中的餐食，符合“既健康又美味”的描述。
56．to follow 57．these 58．wear 59．or 60．first 61．At 62．wash 63．to learn 64．fun 65．unhappy
【导语】本文介绍了Emily每天在学校和家里要遵守的各种规则，这些规则让她感到不开心。
56．句意：八岁的女孩艾米丽不太开心，因为她每天都要遵守很多规则。根据“...has so many rules...every day.”及备选词汇可知，“rule”前常用“follow”表示“遵守规则”，结合“has”结构，需用动词不定式“to follow”。故填to follow。
57．句意：她同意这些规则，因为它们是合理的。根据“she agrees with...rules”及备选词汇可知，此处指代“这些规则”，应用指示代词“these”表示“这些”，作with的宾语，名词复数形式。故填these。
58．句意：她不能在教室里戴帽子。根据“She can’t...a cap or a hat”及备选词汇可知，空处需填动词“戴”，“wear”意为“穿、戴”，是表示穿衣或戴帽子的常用动词，放在can’t之后用动词原形，故填wear。
59．句意：例如，她放学后不能出去玩或看电视。根据“she can’t hang out...watch TV”及备选词汇可知，空处需连接两个并列动词，“or”表示“或者”，与否定句连用表示“也不能”。故填or。
60．句意：她必须先完成作业。根据“She has to finish her homework...”和备选词汇及语序判断，空处需填副词“first”作时间顺序副词，表示“首先、先”。故填first。
61．句意：在周末，她要打扫房间并洗她的衣服。根据“...weekends”及备选词汇可知，此处应使用介词“at”构成短语“on weekends”，表示时间“在周末”。句首首字母大写。故填At。
62．句意：在周末，她要打扫房间并洗她的衣服。根据“she has to clean her room and...her clothes.”可知空处与前面的“clean her room”并列，空处需填动词原形，结合备选词汇可知此处指“洗衣服”。wash意为“洗”，符合句中结构。故填wash。
63．句意：之后她还得去少年宫学跳舞。根据“Later she has to go to the Children’s Palace...dancing.”及备选词汇可知，此处是指去“学舞蹈”。go后跟动词不定式表目的，“to learn dancing”意为“去学习跳舞”，learn为动词原形，不定式形式为“to learn”。故填to learn。
64．句意：她从来没有什么乐趣。根据“She never has any...”及备选词汇可知，空处需用表示“乐趣”的不可数名词，“fun”意为“乐趣”，符合语境。故填fun。
65．句意：多么不开心的女孩啊！根据全文规则太多的生活推断，Emily是“不开心的”，用形容词unhappy表示情绪，作定语修饰girl。故填unhappy。
66．At 9:00 in the morning. 67．Elephants. 68．Thailand. 69．Because it’s dangerous. 70．Yes, it is.
【导语】
本文主要讲述了星期天史密斯一家三口去动物园游玩的经历，包括他们看到的大象、熊猫等动物，以及动物园里“禁止投喂”的规定和原因。
【解析】66．第一段明确指出他们到达动物园的时间是“They arrive at the zoo at 9:00 in the morning”，因此答案是原文中的直接信息。
67．第二段指出“Mrs. Smith’s favourite animals are elephants”，即史密斯夫人最喜欢的动物是大象，这是原文直接表述，直接提取即可。
68．第二段提到大象的来源“They are from Thailand”，因此答案是原文直接信息。
69．最后一段明确说明人们不能在动物园喂动物的原因是“it’s dangerous for people to feed the animals in the zoo”，答案可直接从原文中提取。
70．最后一段指出“too much food isn’t good for animals”，即太多食物对动物不好，因此用Yes, it is.作肯定回答，与原文表述一致。
71．例文
My life habits
Hello, everyone! I’m going to tell you my life habits.
I have some good eating habits. For breakfast, I usually have an egg and a glass of milk. For lunch, I eat rice with vegetables and some meat. I have a light dinner with fruit and soup.
My favorite sport is running, because it makes me strong and energetic.
I hope everyone can keep healthy habits to live a happy life!
【解析】写作步骤
【第一步：审题立意】
确定文体：说明性记叙文，介绍个人生活习惯
明确要点：三餐饮食内容、最喜欢的运动及原因、对健康习惯的呼吁
确定人称：第一人称（I/my）
注意事项：保持一般现在时为主，语言简洁、积极向上
【第二步：构思布局】
三段式结构：
开头段：问候并引出话题“我的生活习惯”
主体段：分别介绍早餐、午餐、晚餐的饮食内容，以及最喜欢的运动（跑步）及其益处
结尾段：总结呼吁，希望每个人养成健康习惯，过上快乐生活
【第三步：要点展开】
要点一：三餐饮食
早餐：an egg and a glass of milk, some bread and a glass of milk
午餐：rice with vegetables and some meat, rice with vegetables and fish
晚餐：light dinner with fruit and soup, salad and soup
表达方式：For breakfast/lunch/dinner, I usually have ... /I eat..., I like to have...for breakfast/lunch/dinner
要点二：最喜欢的运动
运动项目：running,jogging, swimming
喜欢原因：makes me strong and energetic, makes me feel relaxed
表达方式：My favorite sport is...because..., I like...best because
要点三：结尾呼吁
内容：希望大家保持健康习惯，从而生活快乐
表达方式：I hope everyone can keep healthy habits to live a happy life!/Start to play sports today!
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