【中考专项】人教版九年级下册二轮学案语法填空题答题技巧及专项练习（含答案）

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【中考专项】人教版九年级下册语法填空题答题技巧及专项练习
一、核心考查内容
九年级下册在中考语法填空中承担 “收官巩固 + 综合运用” 的功能，考查重点覆盖被动语态综合运用、定语从句高阶用法、宾语从句时态呼应、不定式与动名词辨析以及词性转换的进阶形式。
（一）动词类（占比 35%-40%）
时态：一般过去时与现在完成时的辨析（标志词对比：yesterday/in 2020 vs. since/for/so far/already/yet）；一般将来时的被动（will be done /be going to be done）；含情态动词的被动（can/must/should + be + done）。
非谓语动词：动词不定式（to do）作宾语、目的状语、宾语补足语；动名词（doing）作主语、宾语、介词宾语；-ed/-ing 分词作定语或表语；动词不定式与动名词的语义差异（remember to do vs. remember doing）。
被动语态综合：一般现在时 / 一般过去时 / 一般将来时的被动语态判断与转换；主动语态与被动语态的语境选择。
（二）从句类（占比 25%-30%）
定语从句：关系代词（who/which/that/whose）的选用；关系代词作主语时谓语动词的单复数与先行词一致；that 与 which/who 的选用限制；关系副词（where/when/why）的使用场景。
宾语从句：引导词（that/if/whether/ 特殊疑问词）；语序（陈述句语序）；时态呼应（主现从不限，主过从必过；客观真理用一般现在时）。
状语从句：时间（when/while/as soon as/until）；条件（if/unless）；让步（although/though/even if/even though）；结果（so...that/such...that）；目的（so that/in order that）。
（三）词类转换与辨析（占比 20%）
形容词 & 副词：比较级 / 最高级（规则与不规则变化）；-ing/-ed 形容词辨析；形容词变副词（+ly，注意 happy→happily, true→truly）；名词变形容词（care→careful；use→useful；tradition→traditional）。
名词：单复数变化（规则与不规则，如 child→children）；名词所有格；词性转换（important→importance；different→difference；decide→decision）。
代词：人称代词主格 / 宾格；物主代词（形容词性 / 名词性）；反身代词（myself/yourself/themselves）；不定代词（something/anything/nobody）。
（四）其他基础考点（占比 10%）
介词：固定搭配（be proud of/be good at/look forward to/be interested in/be supposed to）。
连词：并列连词（and/but/or/so）；从属连词（because/although/if/when）。
冠词：a/an/the 基础用法；固定搭配（in a hurry/at the same time/all of a sudden）。
主谓一致：主语单复数与谓语匹配；就近原则（there be /either...or.../neither...nor...）。
二、语法填空解题技巧
（一）通用解题三步法
通读全文，定基调。先跳过空格读完全文，明确：①全文时态基调（过去 / 现在 / 将来）；②文章主题与逻辑关系，避免脱离语境填词。
逐空分析，先易后难。有提示词题：先判断词性，再按考点变形（动词优先考虑时态 / 语态 / 非谓语；名词考虑单复数；形副考虑级 / 词性转换）；无提示词题：优先考虑冠词、介词、连词、代词，结合固定搭配和逻辑关系判断。
复读验证，查错漏。填完后通读，检查：①语法是否正确（时态一致、主谓一致、词性匹配）；②语义是否通顺；③拼写是否正确（尤其过去分词、副词变化）。
（二）分考点针对性技巧
动词考点技巧：先判断是谓语还是非谓语 —— 句中无其他谓语→是谓语（考虑时态 / 语态 / 主谓一致）；已有谓语→是非谓语（to do/doing/do）。被动语态：主语是动作承受者，翻译有 “被” 含义，直接用被动结构。
定语从句技巧：先找先行词（人 / 物），再看从句缺什么成分 —— 缺主语或宾语用关系代词（who/which/that）；缺状语用关系副词（where/when/why）。注意：关系代词作主语时，从句谓语动词的单复数由先行词决定。
宾语从句技巧：先看语序（必须陈述句语序），再看时态，最后选引导词。
词类转换技巧：名词 —— 空前有 many/few/a number of→变复数；空前有 the / 形容词→变动名词。形副 —— 修饰名词 / 作表语→形容词；修饰动词 / 形容词 / 句子→副词；看到 than 用比较级，看到 in/of 范围用最高级。
无提示词题技巧：空后是可数名词单数→优先填 a/an/the；空在固定搭配中→优先填介词；前后是两个完整句子→优先填连词（看逻辑选 and/but/if/because 等）。
三、专项练习
Test 1 话题：传统节日（春节申遗成功后的文化传承）
Spring Festival was added to UNESCO’s list of intangible cultural heritage in 2024. It 1.____ (celebrate) by Chinese people all over the world for thousands of years.
Before the festival, families clean their houses 2.____ (sweep) away bad luck. Red couplets 3.____ (put) on doors to welcome good fortune. On New Year’s Eve, people stay up late 4.____ (watch) the Spring Festival Gala. Dumplings are 5.____ most traditional food, and they are usually 6.____ (make) with meat and vegetables.
Last year, my family 7.____ (decide) to make dumplings together instead of buying frozen ones. It was 8.____ (meaning) than any gift I had ever received. My grandmother told us stories about 9.____ festival was celebrated when she was young. 10.____ traditions change over time, the spirit of family reunion remains.
Test 2 话题：航天探索（中国空间站与月球探测）
China’s space program 1.____ (make) great progress in recent years. The Tiangong space station 2.____ (build) in orbit and now three astronauts live there.
Last month, our school 3.____ (invite) a scientist to give a talk about space exploration. He told us that a new lunar probe 4.____ (send) to the moon next year. It will collect samples 5.____ (bring) back to Earth. Students were deeply 6.____ (interest) in his stories. One boy asked, “Is it possible 7.____ humans live on Mars one day ” The scientist smiled and said, “Nothing is impossible if we keep 8.____ (work) hard.” I have 9.____ (decide) to study science harder. 10.____ the dream seems far away, I will never give up.
Test 3 话题：环境保护（塑料污染治理与绿色生活）
Plastic pollution 1.____ (become) one of the biggest environmental problems. Every year, millions of tons of plastic 2.____ (throw) into the ocean.
Our school started a “Plastic-Free” campaign last term. We 3.____ (encourage) to bring reusable bottles and bags. A student 4.____ (design) a special box for collecting used batteries. It is 5.____ (good) than throwing them in normal bins. So far, we 6.____ (collect) over 300 kilograms of recyclable waste. Our teacher says the campaign 7.____ (hold) every month from now on. Students who take part in it will 8.____ (give) a green star. We should avoid 9.____ (use) plastic bags when shopping. 10.____ everyone does a small part, the earth will be cleaner.
Test 4 话题：阅读素养（整本书阅读与批判性思维）
Reading whole books is different from reading short passages online. A complete book 1.____ (allow) readers to think deeply about characters and themes.
Last month, our class 2.____ (start) a “Great Books” program. We 3.____ (ask) to choose one classic novel and finish it in four weeks. I chose The Old Man and the Sea, 4.____ was written by Hemingway. At first, I found it 5.____ (bore). But as I kept 6.____ (read), I began to understand the old man’s spirit. The book taught me that a person can 7.____ (destroy) but not defeated. Now I have 8.____ (fall) in love with classic literature. It is 9.____ (good) to read one great book than to skim ten easy ones. 10.____ you finish a book, you can discuss it with your classmates.
Test 5 话题：劳动教育（校园农场与生活技能）
Our school 1.____ (build) a small farm on campus last year. Students grow vegetables and learn life skills there.
Every class 2.____ (give) a piece of land to take care of. We plant seeds in spring and harvest 3.____ autumn. Last week, we 4.____ (pick) our first tomatoes. They 5.____ (taste) much better than those from supermarkets. Our teacher told us 6.____ (not waste) food because growing it is hard work. She also encouraged us 7.____ (try) cooking with what we grow. I have learned 8.____ to make a simple salad. It is one of 9.____ (useful) skills I have ever learned. The farm makes us 10.____ (realize) the value of labor.
Test 6 话题：文化自信（国产动画电影与传统文化）
Chinese animated films 1.____ (become) increasingly popular in recent years. Films like Ne Zha 2.____ (base) on traditional stories but told in new ways.
Last weekend, I 3.____ (watch) a new animated film about the Monkey King. The animation was 4.____ (impress) than I had expected. The film showed 5.____ ancient Chinese culture could be presented with modern technology. Millions of people 6.____ (attract) to cinemas since it came out. My friend said it was the 7.____ (good) animated film he had ever seen. I think it is important 8.____ (keep) our traditions alive while embracing innovation. We should be proud 9.____ our cultural heritage. 10.____ we tell our stories well, the world will listen.
Test 7 话题：心理健康（青少年压力管理与求助意识）
Many teenagers face pressure from school and social media. Some students don’t know how 1.____ (deal) with their stress.
Last month, our school 2.____ (hold) a mental health week. A psychologist told us that talking about feelings 3.____ (be) not a sign of weakness. She advised us 4.____ (share) our worries with people we trust. Students 5.____ (encourage) to write down three good things every day. It sounds simple, but it 6.____ (work) well. I have 7.____ (try) this method for two weeks. I feel 8.____ (calm) than before. It is 9.____ (help) to know that everyone faces difficulties. 10.____ you feel overwhelmed, please ask for help.
Test 8 话题：科技伦理（人工智能与独立思考）
AI tools 1.____ (change) the way students learn. They can answer questions and explain difficult concepts.
However, some students 2.____ (let) AI do their homework last term. Our teacher told us this was 3.____ (bad) than cheating. She said AI should 4.____ (use) as a helper, not a replacement for thinking. We 5.____ (teach) how to check AI answers since last month. Now I use AI 6.____ (review) what I have learned, not to copy answers. It helps me save time, but I still think 7.____ (independent). The key question is 8.____ we control technology or technology controls us. We must make good 9.____ (decide) about how to use AI. 10.____ used properly, it can be a powerful learning tool.
Test 9 话题：体育精神（校园联赛与团队合作）
Our school 1.____ (hold) a basketball league every year. This year, more than twenty teams 2.____ (take) part in it.
My class 3.____ (lose) the first two games, but we didn’t give up. Our coach told us 4.____ (focus) on teamwork instead of winning. He said the 5.____ (important) thing was to improve together. We practiced 6.____ (hard) than before. Last Friday, we 7.____ (win) our first match. The feeling of victory was 8.____ (excite) than I could describe. I have learned that success 9.____ (come) to those who never quit. Sports make us 10.____ (strong) both physically and mentally.
Test 10 话题：个人成长（克服拖延与时间管理）
I used to be a terrible procrastinator. I always left things until the last minute, 1.____ made me very stressed.
Last term, I 2.____ (fail) an important exam because I didn’t prepare early. My teacher suggested 3.____ (make) a daily plan. At first, it 4.____ (seem) impossible to follow. But I kept 5.____ (try) and slowly formed the habit. Now I finish tasks 6.____ (early) than before. I have 7.____ (discover) that starting small is the best way 8.____ (overcome) procrastination. It is 9.____ (good) to do something for ten minutes than to wait for the perfect moment. 10.____ you struggle with time, try writing down three things to do each morning.
参考答案
Test 1
1.has been celebrated　2. to sweep　3. are put　4. to watch　5. the　6. made　7. decided　8. more meaningful　9. how　10. Though/Although
Test 2
1.has made　2. has been built　3. invited　4. will be sent　5. to bring　6. interested　7. that　8. working　9. decided　10. Though/Although
Test 3
1.has become　2. are thrown　3. were encouraged　4. designed　5. better　6. have collected　7. will be held　8. be given　9. using　10. If
Test 4
1.allows　2. started　3. were asked　4. which　5. boring　6. reading　7. be destroyed　8. fallen　9. better　10. After
Test 5
1.built　2. is given　3. in　4. picked　5. tasted　6. not to waste　7. to try　8. how　9. the most useful　10. realize
Test 6
1.have become　2. are based　3. watched　4. more impressive　5. how　6. have been attracted　7. best　8. to keep　9. of　10. If
Test 7
1.to deal　2. held　3. is　4. to share　5. were encouraged　6. works　7. tried　8. calmer　9. helpful　10. If
Test 8
1.are changing　2. let　3. worse　4. be used　5. have been taught　6. to review　7. independently　8. whether　9. decisions　10. If
Test 9
1.holds　2. took　3. lost　4. to focus　5. most important　6. harder　7. won　8. more exciting　9. comes　10. stronger
Test 10
1.which　2. failed　3. making　4. seemed　5. trying　6. earlier　7. discovered　8. to overcome　9. better　10. If
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