book8 unit3 inventors and inventions[下学期]
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| 名称 | book8 unit3 inventors and inventions[下学期] |
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| 格式 | rar | ||
| 文件大小 | 736.9KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 人教版（新课程标准） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2006-05-20 00:00:00 | ||
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课件50张PPT。Unit 3 Inventors and InventionsWarming up:1.Discuss any modern inventions you know.
2.Describe them to your partner and how useful they are in life today.An amphibious car英国铁路机车主要发明家。出身矿工家庭，没受过学校教育，19岁时操作纽可门蒸汽机，工余参加夜校学习并坚持自学。1814年，研制了一台蒸汽机车，能以每小时六公里多的速度牵引八辆装有30吨煤的货车。经过不断改进，1825年，他驾驶自己设计的机车，运载450名旅客，以每小时24公里的速度从达灵顿驶到斯托克顿。后来，各界人士请他修建利物浦至曼彻斯特的铁路，64公里铁路建成后，曾举行一次机车比赛，他的新机车“火箭号”，以时速58公里获胜。
Stephenson’s “Rocket”A model of DNAB型DNA? A型DNA???? Z型DNA? Questions:1.What are the three creative steps that the writer takes to catch the snakes without hurting them?
To put the frozen bowl over the snakes’ habitat in the morning.
To put the frozen bowl over the snakes’ habitat in the evening.
To put the frozen bowl over the snakes’ habitat in the evening and carry a net to collect the snakes without harming them the next morning.Pre-reading2.Why did cooling the snakes make them less active?
The cooling made the snakes less active because they are reptiles and their body temperature depends on the heat around them.
3.Discuss with your partner what the advantage might be of getting a patent.
You are able to prove that you were the first person to make the invention.
You are recognized as a real inventor.
You can make money if you sell your invention to others.Alexander Graham Bell
1847-1922A pioneer in the field of telecommunications, Bell had been interested in the education of deaf people. This interest lead him to invent the microphone and, in 1876, his "electrical speech machine," which we now call a telephone. News of his invention quickly spread throughout the country, even throughout Europe. Answer the questions.1.How did curiosity make Alexander Graham Bell into a great inventor?
It made him ask questions, think of practical ways to solve problems, be prepared to try solutions several times and finally publish his findings for others.
2.What did he think was the key to his success as an inventor?
He believed that his curiosity was the key to his success.Reading: Alexander Graham Bell3.What inventions did Bell make by chance?
Bell invented the telephone and the tetrahedron shape by chance. Both of these are extremely useful and still used today.
4.Why will he always be known as the inventor of the telephone?
He will always be known as the inventor of the telephone because it was a very popular invention and the patent made the most money ever.
Vocabulary1.distinguish vt. & vi.
1）辨别；辨认
e.g. I can distinguish them at a distance.
2）区分；区别
e.g. Can you distinguish the different musical instruments playing now?
Can you distinguish between those two objects?
3)(常与 from 连用)使别于;有……特点
e.g. Speech distinguishes men from animals.
2.set about=set out:着手，开始
e.g. Bell never set out to invent the telephone.
Set out 的另一个意思为“动身”，“出发”，后常跟介词for
e.g. They have set out for Shanghai.
3. expectation n. 预料，期待
There is no expectation of snow tonight.
We waited at the station in expectation of her arrival.4.monitor
1）vt. 监听，收听
e.g. They have been monitoring the enemy’s radio broadcasts to try to find out their secret plans.
2）密切监视，监督
e.g. The teacher is monitoring an examination.
5.prove
1） vt.证明, 证实
e.g. He has proved his courage in battles.
2） vi.原来是 证明是
e.g. My advice proved to be wrong.
6 . only 修饰状语，置于句首，主句的语序需要倒装。
e.g. Only by working hard can we pass the exams.
某些否定词置于句首，表示强调时也引起倒装。
如：never, seldom, hardly, neither,
nor, not, only, little
e.g. never have I seen such an exciting film.
little did I know what was about to happen.
7. Dive vt.
1）潜入，跳水
e.g. he dived into the river and rescued the drowning child.
2）扑去，冲去
e.g. When the rain started, we dived into a café.
8. In truth 实际上，的确
e.g. it was in truth a miracle.8.Ring back 给 再打电话
I told him you weren’t in, so he said he’d ring back later.
9.Ring off 挂断电话
I’d better ring off now the baby ‘s crying.
10.Get through
（1）通过（考试）
We were all delighted when we heard you’d got through.
（2）接通（电话）
I can’t get through to Paris. 11.Call up 给 打电话
I will call you up this evening.
12.Hang on 不挂断 ，稍等
Would you like to hang on for a few minutes?
Now and then 偶尔，有时
I like to visit art galleries now and then.
13.Set
set off (for) = set out (for) 出发去某地
set off 爆炸
set up 建立
set about (doing) 开始做某事
set out to do sth. 着手做某事set aside
（1）把……置于一旁；
He set aside all objections and changed the plan.
他不顾一切反对改变了计划。
（2）留出，拨出
We should set aside enough grain.
我们应该留出充足的粮食。
（3）使无效
The decision of the court set aside the new law.
法院的判决使得那条新法律无效。
（4）为了某种特殊目的而搁置一旁
This is a room set aside for playing card games.
这是一间专供纸牌游戏的房间。 Set down
（1）下车
The bus sets the children down just outside the school gate.
（2）制定
It is clearly set down that you are not allowed to vote twice.
（3）写下
I have set down everything that happened. ?14. in?case （以防）万一
1)可以在句中独立作状语。如: There?used?to?be?floods?in?the?past.?The?wall?was?built?along?the?river?in?case.?
过去常常发洪水,沿河筑起一堵墙,以防万一。
2)用作连词,引导两种从句。 ① in?case用作连词,作“以备、以防”解,相当于lest,后接一个表示目的的状语从句,从句谓语动词常用一般现在时或 should+动词原形。如:? I'll?cook?plenty?of?potatoes?just?in?case?they?decide?to?stay?
for?dinner.?我打算多煮些马铃薯以防他们决定留下吃晚饭。 Take?your?raincoat?just?in?case?it?rains?/?should?rain.
带着雨衣,以防下雨。 ②in?case用作连词时,还可引导让步状语从句,尤其是在美国英语中,?作"假使,万一……"解,相当于if。如: In?case?they're?late,?we?can?always?sit?in?the?bar.?
要是他们来晚了,我们总是可以在酒吧里坐一坐。1.Come here and help me with my English whenever____________.
A. you are convenient B. you will be convenient
C. it is convenient to you D. it will be convenient to you
2. They have no ______ that the new act（法令）would be passed.
A. expectation B. suggestion
C. exception D. experiment
3. Having made up his mind, he ______ to carry out his plan.
A. set about B. set off C. set up D. set out Practices√√√4. Don’t punish him. He is too you to ______ right from wrong.
A. distinguish B. separate C. divide D. cut
5. Take an umbrella with you this afternoon _______ it rains.
A. in case of B. in that case
C. in case D. in this case
6. ---Why didn’t you tell me that you had changed your mind?
---I did ring you several times, but I just couldn’t _________.
A. speak B. pass C. talk D. get through √√√7. I found some people ___at the back of the classroom.
A. seating B. seated
C. to sit D. to seat
8. The music ______ the happy days which they spent together in their youth.
A. calls on B. calls at
C. calls up D. calls back
9. Fill out a job ______ first and wait for the interview in the next room.
A. application B. contribution
C. appearance D. appointment √√√10. The brave lady, who suffered a lot from her liver cancer, _______ the pain with great courage, even in front of his husband.
A. stood B. bore
C. prevented D. stopped
11. Advertisements can help you to compare two different ______ so that you can buy the one you really need.
A. production B. stores
C. products D. preparation
12. Most of the people ______ to the party were famous scientists.
A. invited B. to invite
C. being invited D. inviting√√√13. At that time he was very busy with his research and only went to the cinema ________.
A. now then B. now and then
C. now or then D. now to then
14. Please be ____ and buy only those which will be really useful in your work.
A. successful B. reasonable
C. practical D. formal
15. In building high rises we should use concrete reinforced with steel because it is _______.
A. useful B. stable
C. comfortable D. different √√√16. You must take your raincoat with you. Don’t get _______ in the rain.
A. to be caught B. catching
C. to catch D. caught
17. ---I’m afraid the line is busy, would you like to _______?
---OK.
A. hang on B. hang up
C. hang for D. hang with
18. This experience made him _______ the study of English.
A. interest in B. to interest in
C. interesting in D. interested in√√√
19. I had to walk all the way here because the engine of my car was _________.
A. in order B. out of danger
C. out of order D. out of work
20. What you did needs a _______ reason. So next time you must be careful.
A. valid B. careful
C. vivid D. vacant √√[ 例 ] 用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。
1. On the second floor lay an old woman __________ (kill) in the fire.
2. The teach buildings __________ (build) in 1960 need repairing.
3. I found my school bag __________ (leave) in Mary’s room.
4.__________ (give) more time, I’ll finish my work on time.
5. Compared with _________ (develop) countries, we still have a long way to go.
6. The English teacher entered the room, __________ (follow) by his students.
killedbuiltleft Givendevelopedfollowed1．[1989] ——Good morning. Can I help you?
——I’d like to have this package , madam.
A. be weighed B. to be weighed
C. to weigh D. weighed2. [1990] Most of the artists to the party were
from South Africa.
A. invited B. to invite
C. being invited D. has been invited3. [1990] more attention, the trees could have
grown better.
A. Given B. To give C. Giving D. Having given4. [1991] The murderer was brought in, with his hands___
behind his back.
A. being tied B. having tied C. to be tied D. tied高考题解析5. [1993] The computer centre , last year, is
very popular among the
students in this school.
A. open B. opening
C. having opened D. opened6. [1996] in thought, he almost ran into the car
in front of him.
A. Losing B. Having lost C. Lost D. To lose7.[2000] The managers discussed the plan that
they would like to see the next year.
A. carried out B. carrying out
C. carry out D. to carry out1. 及物动词的过去分词作表语，与句子主语是被动关系，表示主语的状态，既表示被动，又表示完成。
(1)? The cup is broken. 茶杯破了。
2. 不及物动词的过去分词作表语，与句子主语是主动关系，表示主语的状态，只表示动作的完成。
(2) He is retired. 他已退休。
3. 有些过去分词作表语时，构成的谓语很接近被动结构。
(3)?The city is surrounded on three sides by mountains. 这座城市三面环山。 过去分词作表语 Grammar:【注意】过去分词作表语与被动语态的区别：过去分词作表语，主要是表示主语的状态，而被动语态则表示动作。
(1) The cup was broken by my little sister yesterday. 茶杯是昨天我小妹打碎的。（是被动语态，表示动作）
(2) The library is now closed. 图书馆关门了。（过去分词作表语）
【注意】过去分词表示被动或完成, -ing 形式表示主动或进行。有些动词如 interest, bore, worry, surprise, frighten 等通常用其过去分词形式来修饰人，用 -ing 形式来修饰物。
(3) The book is interesting and I'm interested in it. 这本书很有趣，我对它很感兴趣。
过去分词作定语
作定语用的过去分词相当于形容词，其逻辑主语就是它所修饰的名词。及物动词的过去分词作定语，既表被动又表完成；不及物动词的过去分词作定语，只表完成。
1. 过去分词用作定语，如果是单个的，常置于其所修饰的名词之前。
We must adapt our thinking to the changed conditions. 我们必须使我们的思想适应改变了的情况。
2. 过去分词短语用作定语时，一般置于其所修饰的名词之后，其意义相当于一个定语从句，但较从句简洁，多用于书面语中。
The concert given by their friends was a success.他们朋友举行的音乐会大为成功。 3.过去分词短语有时也可用作非限制性定语，前后常有逗号。
(1)The meeting, attended by over five thousand people, welcomed the great hero. 他们举行了欢迎英雄的大会，到会的有五千多人。
4. 用来修饰人的过去分词有时可以转移到修饰非人的事物，这种过去分词在形式上虽不直接修饰人，但它所修饰的事物仍与人直接有关。
(2) The boy looked up with a pleased expression. 男孩带着满意的表情举目而视。 过去分词作宾语补足语
（一）能够接过去分词作宾补的动词有以下三类：
1. 表示感觉或心理状态的动词。如：see, watch, observe, look at, hear, listen to, feel, notice, think等。
(1) I heard the song sung in English. 我听到有人用英语唱过这首歌。（过去分词sung的动作显然先于谓语动作heard；）
(2)?He found his hometown greatly changed. 他发现他的家乡变化很大。（过去分词changed的动作显然先于谓语动作found）
2. 表示“致使”意义的动词。如：have, make, get, keep, leave等。
(1) I’ll have my hair cut tomorrow. 明天我要理发。
(2) He got his tooth pulled out yesterday. 他昨天把牙拔了。
(3) Don’t leave those things undone. 要把那些事情做完。
【注意】过去分词所表示的动作一定和宾语有逻辑上的动宾关系。 （二）使役动词have接过去分词作宾补有两种情况。
1. 过去分词所表示的动作由他人完成。
(1) He had his money stolen.他的钱给偷了。（被别人偷去了）
2. 过去分词所表示的动作由句中的主语所经历。如：
(2) He had his leg broken.他的腿断了。 （自己的经历） “with ＋宾语＋过去分词”结构
“with ＋宾语＋过去分词”结构中，过去分词用作介词 with的宾语补足语。这一结构通常在句中作时间、方式、条件、原因等状语。例如：
(1) The murderer was brought in, with his hands tied behind his back. 凶手被带进来了，他的双手被绑在背后。（表方式）
(2) With water heated, we can see the steam. 水一被加热，我们就会看到水蒸气。（表条件）
(3) With the matter settled, we all went home. 事情得到解决，我们都回家了。（表原因）
(4)?She stood in front of him, with her eyes fixed on his face. 她站在他面前，眼睛注视着他。
(5) He stood for an instant with his hand still raised. 他仍然举着手站了一会儿。 1. The Olympic Games, in 776 B.C, did not include women players until 1912.
A. first playing B. to be first played
C. first played D. to be first playing2. The woman kept her eyes on her baby for quite some time.
A. to fix B. fixed C. fixing D. being fixed3. by a crowd of people, he felt nervous, what to say.
A. watching, didn’t know B. Having watched, and not know
C. having been watched, not know D. Being watched, not knowing4. The boy lay on his back, with his teeth ,his right hand ,
and his glaring eyes straight upward.
A. set, raising, looked B. set, raised, looking
C. setting, raised, looked D. to set, raising, lookingPractices:____from space, our earth, with water 70% of its
surface, appears as a “blue planet”.
A. Seeing, covering B. Having seen, covered
C. To see, covered D. Seen, covering6. My brother left the work half , for you can find
many books scattered on the floor.
A. done, lying B. doing, lain
C. do , lay D. did, liein 1866, Ulysses S, Grant was the first United States
citizen after George Washington to hold that rank..
A. To be a full general B. He was made a full general
C. Made a full general D. As a full general8. Having been served lunch .
A. the problem was discussed by the members of the club
B. the members of the club discussed the problem
C. it was discussed by the members of the club
D. a discussion of the problem was made by the members9. He has lots of books, that he is still young.
A. considering B. considered
C. being considered D. our considering10. “ more attention, my pronunciation will be
improved greatly.”, and “___more time, I will improve my
pronunciation greatly”.
A. Given, Giving B. Given, Given
C. Giving, Giving D. Giving, Given11. Cleaning women in big cities usually get ____
by the hour.
A. pay B. paying C. paid D. to pay12. She set out soon after dark home an hour later.
A. arriving B. arrived
C. having arrived D. and arrived___is know to all, China will be an and
powerful country in 20 or 30 year’ time.
A. That, advancing B. This， advanced
C. As, advanced D. It, advancing14. Jack didn’t get his bicycle soon enough at Jack’s,
for John had a lot of bicycles ______at the time.
A. to be repaired, to repair B. repaired, to repair
C. to repair, to be repaired D. to repair, repaired15. She felt rather that she should drive the car at
such a speed.
A. frightening, frightening B. frightened, frightened
C. frightening, frightened D. frightened, frightening 1.我无法忍受这城市里堵塞的交通和混乱的环境。
I can hardly bear the traffic jams and the environmental mess in this city.
2.你必须申请专利以免别人窃取你的发明。
You must apply for a patent in case someone else steals your invention.
Translate the following sentences into English.3. 这个公司正在设计新产品以满足顾客们的期望。
In order to meet customers’ expectations, the company is designing new products.
4. 实际上，我不在乎我的申请是否被委员会批准。
In truth, I don’t mind whether my application will
be approved by the committee or not.
5. 他潜心研究，试图理解镭的发现在人类史上的重性。
He dived into research, trying to understand the importance of the discovery of radium in human history.Complete the following sentences by using the past participle of suitable verbs.burn understand lose invite
beat embarrass injure suggest
crowd sign disappoint please1.The committee didn’t approve the engineer’s __________ changes.
2.We need another copy of the __________ agreement.
3.He seemed __________ by the question.
4.The girl felt thoroughly __________ in the __________ streets of Paris.
5.I can’t bear the smell of __________ toast.
suggestedsignedembarrassedlostcrowdedburnt6. She tried to make herself __________ while giving her talk.
7. I was __________ to see our team __________ by a weaker team.
8. My mother appeared __________ with the chicken she cooked.
9. The boy __________ in the accident was taken to the nearest hospital.
10.Some of the guests __________ to the party didn’t arrive in time because of the traffic jams.understooddisappointedbeatenpleasedinjuredinvitedWriting task: Write an report for an encyclopedia about Chinese inventions. You must explain some important points in your report:
1. a description of the object
2. what it was used for
3. how it was used
4. when it was inventedThank you!
Good-bye!
2.Describe them to your partner and how useful they are in life today.An amphibious car英国铁路机车主要发明家。出身矿工家庭，没受过学校教育，19岁时操作纽可门蒸汽机，工余参加夜校学习并坚持自学。1814年，研制了一台蒸汽机车，能以每小时六公里多的速度牵引八辆装有30吨煤的货车。经过不断改进，1825年，他驾驶自己设计的机车，运载450名旅客，以每小时24公里的速度从达灵顿驶到斯托克顿。后来，各界人士请他修建利物浦至曼彻斯特的铁路，64公里铁路建成后，曾举行一次机车比赛，他的新机车“火箭号”，以时速58公里获胜。
Stephenson’s “Rocket”A model of DNAB型DNA? A型DNA???? Z型DNA? Questions:1.What are the three creative steps that the writer takes to catch the snakes without hurting them?
To put the frozen bowl over the snakes’ habitat in the morning.
To put the frozen bowl over the snakes’ habitat in the evening.
To put the frozen bowl over the snakes’ habitat in the evening and carry a net to collect the snakes without harming them the next morning.Pre-reading2.Why did cooling the snakes make them less active?
The cooling made the snakes less active because they are reptiles and their body temperature depends on the heat around them.
3.Discuss with your partner what the advantage might be of getting a patent.
You are able to prove that you were the first person to make the invention.
You are recognized as a real inventor.
You can make money if you sell your invention to others.Alexander Graham Bell
1847-1922A pioneer in the field of telecommunications, Bell had been interested in the education of deaf people. This interest lead him to invent the microphone and, in 1876, his "electrical speech machine," which we now call a telephone. News of his invention quickly spread throughout the country, even throughout Europe. Answer the questions.1.How did curiosity make Alexander Graham Bell into a great inventor?
It made him ask questions, think of practical ways to solve problems, be prepared to try solutions several times and finally publish his findings for others.
2.What did he think was the key to his success as an inventor?
He believed that his curiosity was the key to his success.Reading: Alexander Graham Bell3.What inventions did Bell make by chance?
Bell invented the telephone and the tetrahedron shape by chance. Both of these are extremely useful and still used today.
4.Why will he always be known as the inventor of the telephone?
He will always be known as the inventor of the telephone because it was a very popular invention and the patent made the most money ever.
Vocabulary1.distinguish vt. & vi.
1）辨别；辨认
e.g. I can distinguish them at a distance.
2）区分；区别
e.g. Can you distinguish the different musical instruments playing now?
Can you distinguish between those two objects?
3)(常与 from 连用)使别于;有……特点
e.g. Speech distinguishes men from animals.
2.set about=set out:着手，开始
e.g. Bell never set out to invent the telephone.
Set out 的另一个意思为“动身”，“出发”，后常跟介词for
e.g. They have set out for Shanghai.
3. expectation n. 预料，期待
There is no expectation of snow tonight.
We waited at the station in expectation of her arrival.4.monitor
1）vt. 监听，收听
e.g. They have been monitoring the enemy’s radio broadcasts to try to find out their secret plans.
2）密切监视，监督
e.g. The teacher is monitoring an examination.
5.prove
1） vt.证明, 证实
e.g. He has proved his courage in battles.
2） vi.原来是 证明是
e.g. My advice proved to be wrong.
6 . only 修饰状语，置于句首，主句的语序需要倒装。
e.g. Only by working hard can we pass the exams.
某些否定词置于句首，表示强调时也引起倒装。
如：never, seldom, hardly, neither,
nor, not, only, little
e.g. never have I seen such an exciting film.
little did I know what was about to happen.
7. Dive vt.
1）潜入，跳水
e.g. he dived into the river and rescued the drowning child.
2）扑去，冲去
e.g. When the rain started, we dived into a café.
8. In truth 实际上，的确
e.g. it was in truth a miracle.8.Ring back 给 再打电话
I told him you weren’t in, so he said he’d ring back later.
9.Ring off 挂断电话
I’d better ring off now the baby ‘s crying.
10.Get through
（1）通过（考试）
We were all delighted when we heard you’d got through.
（2）接通（电话）
I can’t get through to Paris. 11.Call up 给 打电话
I will call you up this evening.
12.Hang on 不挂断 ，稍等
Would you like to hang on for a few minutes?
Now and then 偶尔，有时
I like to visit art galleries now and then.
13.Set
set off (for) = set out (for) 出发去某地
set off 爆炸
set up 建立
set about (doing) 开始做某事
set out to do sth. 着手做某事set aside
（1）把……置于一旁；
He set aside all objections and changed the plan.
他不顾一切反对改变了计划。
（2）留出，拨出
We should set aside enough grain.
我们应该留出充足的粮食。
（3）使无效
The decision of the court set aside the new law.
法院的判决使得那条新法律无效。
（4）为了某种特殊目的而搁置一旁
This is a room set aside for playing card games.
这是一间专供纸牌游戏的房间。 Set down
（1）下车
The bus sets the children down just outside the school gate.
（2）制定
It is clearly set down that you are not allowed to vote twice.
（3）写下
I have set down everything that happened. ?14. in?case （以防）万一
1)可以在句中独立作状语。如: There?used?to?be?floods?in?the?past.?The?wall?was?built?along?the?river?in?case.?
过去常常发洪水,沿河筑起一堵墙,以防万一。
2)用作连词,引导两种从句。 ① in?case用作连词,作“以备、以防”解,相当于lest,后接一个表示目的的状语从句,从句谓语动词常用一般现在时或 should+动词原形。如:? I'll?cook?plenty?of?potatoes?just?in?case?they?decide?to?stay?
for?dinner.?我打算多煮些马铃薯以防他们决定留下吃晚饭。 Take?your?raincoat?just?in?case?it?rains?/?should?rain.
带着雨衣,以防下雨。 ②in?case用作连词时,还可引导让步状语从句,尤其是在美国英语中,?作"假使,万一……"解,相当于if。如: In?case?they're?late,?we?can?always?sit?in?the?bar.?
要是他们来晚了,我们总是可以在酒吧里坐一坐。1.Come here and help me with my English whenever____________.
A. you are convenient B. you will be convenient
C. it is convenient to you D. it will be convenient to you
2. They have no ______ that the new act（法令）would be passed.
A. expectation B. suggestion
C. exception D. experiment
3. Having made up his mind, he ______ to carry out his plan.
A. set about B. set off C. set up D. set out Practices√√√4. Don’t punish him. He is too you to ______ right from wrong.
A. distinguish B. separate C. divide D. cut
5. Take an umbrella with you this afternoon _______ it rains.
A. in case of B. in that case
C. in case D. in this case
6. ---Why didn’t you tell me that you had changed your mind?
---I did ring you several times, but I just couldn’t _________.
A. speak B. pass C. talk D. get through √√√7. I found some people ___at the back of the classroom.
A. seating B. seated
C. to sit D. to seat
8. The music ______ the happy days which they spent together in their youth.
A. calls on B. calls at
C. calls up D. calls back
9. Fill out a job ______ first and wait for the interview in the next room.
A. application B. contribution
C. appearance D. appointment √√√10. The brave lady, who suffered a lot from her liver cancer, _______ the pain with great courage, even in front of his husband.
A. stood B. bore
C. prevented D. stopped
11. Advertisements can help you to compare two different ______ so that you can buy the one you really need.
A. production B. stores
C. products D. preparation
12. Most of the people ______ to the party were famous scientists.
A. invited B. to invite
C. being invited D. inviting√√√13. At that time he was very busy with his research and only went to the cinema ________.
A. now then B. now and then
C. now or then D. now to then
14. Please be ____ and buy only those which will be really useful in your work.
A. successful B. reasonable
C. practical D. formal
15. In building high rises we should use concrete reinforced with steel because it is _______.
A. useful B. stable
C. comfortable D. different √√√16. You must take your raincoat with you. Don’t get _______ in the rain.
A. to be caught B. catching
C. to catch D. caught
17. ---I’m afraid the line is busy, would you like to _______?
---OK.
A. hang on B. hang up
C. hang for D. hang with
18. This experience made him _______ the study of English.
A. interest in B. to interest in
C. interesting in D. interested in√√√
19. I had to walk all the way here because the engine of my car was _________.
A. in order B. out of danger
C. out of order D. out of work
20. What you did needs a _______ reason. So next time you must be careful.
A. valid B. careful
C. vivid D. vacant √√[ 例 ] 用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。
1. On the second floor lay an old woman __________ (kill) in the fire.
2. The teach buildings __________ (build) in 1960 need repairing.
3. I found my school bag __________ (leave) in Mary’s room.
4.__________ (give) more time, I’ll finish my work on time.
5. Compared with _________ (develop) countries, we still have a long way to go.
6. The English teacher entered the room, __________ (follow) by his students.
killedbuiltleft Givendevelopedfollowed1．[1989] ——Good morning. Can I help you?
——I’d like to have this package , madam.
A. be weighed B. to be weighed
C. to weigh D. weighed2. [1990] Most of the artists to the party were
from South Africa.
A. invited B. to invite
C. being invited D. has been invited3. [1990] more attention, the trees could have
grown better.
A. Given B. To give C. Giving D. Having given4. [1991] The murderer was brought in, with his hands___
behind his back.
A. being tied B. having tied C. to be tied D. tied高考题解析5. [1993] The computer centre , last year, is
very popular among the
students in this school.
A. open B. opening
C. having opened D. opened6. [1996] in thought, he almost ran into the car
in front of him.
A. Losing B. Having lost C. Lost D. To lose7.[2000] The managers discussed the plan that
they would like to see the next year.
A. carried out B. carrying out
C. carry out D. to carry out1. 及物动词的过去分词作表语，与句子主语是被动关系，表示主语的状态，既表示被动，又表示完成。
(1)? The cup is broken. 茶杯破了。
2. 不及物动词的过去分词作表语，与句子主语是主动关系，表示主语的状态，只表示动作的完成。
(2) He is retired. 他已退休。
3. 有些过去分词作表语时，构成的谓语很接近被动结构。
(3)?The city is surrounded on three sides by mountains. 这座城市三面环山。 过去分词作表语 Grammar:【注意】过去分词作表语与被动语态的区别：过去分词作表语，主要是表示主语的状态，而被动语态则表示动作。
(1) The cup was broken by my little sister yesterday. 茶杯是昨天我小妹打碎的。（是被动语态，表示动作）
(2) The library is now closed. 图书馆关门了。（过去分词作表语）
【注意】过去分词表示被动或完成, -ing 形式表示主动或进行。有些动词如 interest, bore, worry, surprise, frighten 等通常用其过去分词形式来修饰人，用 -ing 形式来修饰物。
(3) The book is interesting and I'm interested in it. 这本书很有趣，我对它很感兴趣。
过去分词作定语
作定语用的过去分词相当于形容词，其逻辑主语就是它所修饰的名词。及物动词的过去分词作定语，既表被动又表完成；不及物动词的过去分词作定语，只表完成。
1. 过去分词用作定语，如果是单个的，常置于其所修饰的名词之前。
We must adapt our thinking to the changed conditions. 我们必须使我们的思想适应改变了的情况。
2. 过去分词短语用作定语时，一般置于其所修饰的名词之后，其意义相当于一个定语从句，但较从句简洁，多用于书面语中。
The concert given by their friends was a success.他们朋友举行的音乐会大为成功。 3.过去分词短语有时也可用作非限制性定语，前后常有逗号。
(1)The meeting, attended by over five thousand people, welcomed the great hero. 他们举行了欢迎英雄的大会，到会的有五千多人。
4. 用来修饰人的过去分词有时可以转移到修饰非人的事物，这种过去分词在形式上虽不直接修饰人，但它所修饰的事物仍与人直接有关。
(2) The boy looked up with a pleased expression. 男孩带着满意的表情举目而视。 过去分词作宾语补足语
（一）能够接过去分词作宾补的动词有以下三类：
1. 表示感觉或心理状态的动词。如：see, watch, observe, look at, hear, listen to, feel, notice, think等。
(1) I heard the song sung in English. 我听到有人用英语唱过这首歌。（过去分词sung的动作显然先于谓语动作heard；）
(2)?He found his hometown greatly changed. 他发现他的家乡变化很大。（过去分词changed的动作显然先于谓语动作found）
2. 表示“致使”意义的动词。如：have, make, get, keep, leave等。
(1) I’ll have my hair cut tomorrow. 明天我要理发。
(2) He got his tooth pulled out yesterday. 他昨天把牙拔了。
(3) Don’t leave those things undone. 要把那些事情做完。
【注意】过去分词所表示的动作一定和宾语有逻辑上的动宾关系。 （二）使役动词have接过去分词作宾补有两种情况。
1. 过去分词所表示的动作由他人完成。
(1) He had his money stolen.他的钱给偷了。（被别人偷去了）
2. 过去分词所表示的动作由句中的主语所经历。如：
(2) He had his leg broken.他的腿断了。 （自己的经历） “with ＋宾语＋过去分词”结构
“with ＋宾语＋过去分词”结构中，过去分词用作介词 with的宾语补足语。这一结构通常在句中作时间、方式、条件、原因等状语。例如：
(1) The murderer was brought in, with his hands tied behind his back. 凶手被带进来了，他的双手被绑在背后。（表方式）
(2) With water heated, we can see the steam. 水一被加热，我们就会看到水蒸气。（表条件）
(3) With the matter settled, we all went home. 事情得到解决，我们都回家了。（表原因）
(4)?She stood in front of him, with her eyes fixed on his face. 她站在他面前，眼睛注视着他。
(5) He stood for an instant with his hand still raised. 他仍然举着手站了一会儿。 1. The Olympic Games, in 776 B.C, did not include women players until 1912.
A. first playing B. to be first played
C. first played D. to be first playing2. The woman kept her eyes on her baby for quite some time.
A. to fix B. fixed C. fixing D. being fixed3. by a crowd of people, he felt nervous, what to say.
A. watching, didn’t know B. Having watched, and not know
C. having been watched, not know D. Being watched, not knowing4. The boy lay on his back, with his teeth ,his right hand ,
and his glaring eyes straight upward.
A. set, raising, looked B. set, raised, looking
C. setting, raised, looked D. to set, raising, lookingPractices:____from space, our earth, with water 70% of its
surface, appears as a “blue planet”.
A. Seeing, covering B. Having seen, covered
C. To see, covered D. Seen, covering6. My brother left the work half , for you can find
many books scattered on the floor.
A. done, lying B. doing, lain
C. do , lay D. did, liein 1866, Ulysses S, Grant was the first United States
citizen after George Washington to hold that rank..
A. To be a full general B. He was made a full general
C. Made a full general D. As a full general8. Having been served lunch .
A. the problem was discussed by the members of the club
B. the members of the club discussed the problem
C. it was discussed by the members of the club
D. a discussion of the problem was made by the members9. He has lots of books, that he is still young.
A. considering B. considered
C. being considered D. our considering10. “ more attention, my pronunciation will be
improved greatly.”, and “___more time, I will improve my
pronunciation greatly”.
A. Given, Giving B. Given, Given
C. Giving, Giving D. Giving, Given11. Cleaning women in big cities usually get ____
by the hour.
A. pay B. paying C. paid D. to pay12. She set out soon after dark home an hour later.
A. arriving B. arrived
C. having arrived D. and arrived___is know to all, China will be an and
powerful country in 20 or 30 year’ time.
A. That, advancing B. This， advanced
C. As, advanced D. It, advancing14. Jack didn’t get his bicycle soon enough at Jack’s,
for John had a lot of bicycles ______at the time.
A. to be repaired, to repair B. repaired, to repair
C. to repair, to be repaired D. to repair, repaired15. She felt rather that she should drive the car at
such a speed.
A. frightening, frightening B. frightened, frightened
C. frightening, frightened D. frightened, frightening 1.我无法忍受这城市里堵塞的交通和混乱的环境。
I can hardly bear the traffic jams and the environmental mess in this city.
2.你必须申请专利以免别人窃取你的发明。
You must apply for a patent in case someone else steals your invention.
Translate the following sentences into English.3. 这个公司正在设计新产品以满足顾客们的期望。
In order to meet customers’ expectations, the company is designing new products.
4. 实际上，我不在乎我的申请是否被委员会批准。
In truth, I don’t mind whether my application will
be approved by the committee or not.
5. 他潜心研究，试图理解镭的发现在人类史上的重性。
He dived into research, trying to understand the importance of the discovery of radium in human history.Complete the following sentences by using the past participle of suitable verbs.burn understand lose invite
beat embarrass injure suggest
crowd sign disappoint please1.The committee didn’t approve the engineer’s __________ changes.
2.We need another copy of the __________ agreement.
3.He seemed __________ by the question.
4.The girl felt thoroughly __________ in the __________ streets of Paris.
5.I can’t bear the smell of __________ toast.
suggestedsignedembarrassedlostcrowdedburnt6. She tried to make herself __________ while giving her talk.
7. I was __________ to see our team __________ by a weaker team.
8. My mother appeared __________ with the chicken she cooked.
9. The boy __________ in the accident was taken to the nearest hospital.
10.Some of the guests __________ to the party didn’t arrive in time because of the traffic jams.understooddisappointedbeatenpleasedinjuredinvitedWriting task: Write an report for an encyclopedia about Chinese inventions. You must explain some important points in your report:
1. a description of the object
2. what it was used for
3. how it was used
4. when it was inventedThank you!
Good-bye!