名词[上学期]
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课件37张PPT。07年高考语法复习系列一名 词1、名词的单、复数;
2、可数与不可数名词的转换；
3、名词作定语；
4、名词的搭配;
5、词语辨析；高考考点分析名词的单复数个体名词的数 1、个体名词的规则复数形式：
1). book , bag , bee , place
2). gas , box , church ，dish
3). party , lady boy , play
4). zoo ,photo, piano
potato , tomato , hero
5). serf, chief, belief , proof, roof, cliff, gulf , etc.
thief, wife, life ,knife, leaf, wolf, shelf, loaf ,etc.
特例: handkerchief handkerchiefs handkerchieves
( -s )( -es )( y→ies )( -s )( -es )( -s )( f/fe→ves )s问题1：
--- How many does a cow have?
--- Four.
A．stomaches B．stomach
C．stomachs D．stomachies
以 s, sh, ch, x等结尾的名词变复数时加 –es；但如果以 –ch 结尾的名词发音为 [k]时，只加 –s。?个体名词的数.
2、不规则复数形式：
1). foot tooth man woman mouse
2). child ox medium basis
3). sheep deer fish Chinese species series works meansfeetteethmenwomenmicechildrenoxen（单复数同形）mediabasesfish----fishes(不同种类的鱼)
We caught three little fishes.
Could you catch those fish?
.汉语拼音的度量衡,货币等单位的名词如yuan.jiao, jin ,fen单复数同行
３．单数形式表示复数含义的词
Cattle ,police ,people, public
４．有些名词单复数形式含义特别常见woods （森林) works（工厂）
waters(水域) clothes(衣服) customs (海关) manners(礼貌) sands(沙滩) spirits(精神,烈酒) feelings (感情) goods(货物) papers (报纸,文件) surroundings(环境) games (运动会) forces (军队) times(时代) looks (外表) arms (武器) conditions(形式,情况)
Instructions(说明) wages （工资）
Savings（存款）问题５：
Mr Smith has two ______, both of whom are teachers in a school.
A．brothers-in-law B．brother-in-laws
C．brothers-in-laws D．brothers-in law
以连字符号连接的合成名词一般将中心名词变成复数，如：managers-in-chief; fathers-in-law。如果没有中心名词就在该合成词的最后加 –s。如：grown-ups。?特例：Man singer
Woman teachermen singerswomen teachers名词的可数与不可数常见的不可数名词Advice experience, fun information,
knowledge equipment progress wealth room furniture
.不可数名词可数化1.不可数名词有定语修饰
A good knowledge of
A hard time
Be a great help to sb
２．抽象名词具体化
常见pity ,success ,honour ,shame ,difficulty
Pleasure, surprise等．3. 当物质名词表示份数时，可数。 Our country is famous for tea.
Two teas, please. 请来两杯茶。名词的所有格一:’s型用法（有生命的所有格）１．有生命的所有格
李平的自行车
汤姆的作品
Tom and Mary’s father Tom’s and Mary’s fathers
2.表某人家，店铺名称，常省去所有格后的名词．
At Green’s , at my uncle’s
At the tailor’sLi ping’s bike Tom’s works共有各有３表示时间，距离，集体，城市，国家，团体，机构等．
today’s newspaper
ten minutes’ walk
the station’s waiting room４有同位语时，所有格在同位语后加’s
这是我弟弟，李平的书
This is my brother,LiPing’s book .
5.somebody,someone,who+else所有格加在else 后．
如果这字典不是你的，会是谁的？
If this dictionary isn’t yours,who
else’s can it be?二：of 型１.Of 型（无生命名词所有格）
我们学校的学生
房间的窗户
２.所修饰的名词前如有不定冠词，不定代词，数词常用双重所有格
a + N + of + ’s / mine = one of + Ns
他是我父亲的一个朋友．
e.g. He is a friend of my father’s .
2. this / that + N + of + ’s / mine ( 带有感彩 )
他姐姐的那个聪明儿子
e.g. that clever son of his sister’s
The students of our schoolthe window of the room名词作定语三、名词的通格作定语：名词作定语可表示后一名词的处所、地点、用途、功能、材料、物质、类别、容器的功用、时间等。
e.g. a coffee cup a paper tiger a boy friend
返回问题1
The ______ is just around the corner and you won’t miss it. (01北京春季)
A. bicycle’s shop B. bicycle shop
C. bicycles shop D. bicycles’ shop
?名词作定语一般用单数，但也有以下例外。 1) 用复数作定语。 如：sports meeting 运动会 students reading-room 学生阅览室 talks table 谈判桌 the foreign languages department 外语系 2) 有些原有s结尾的名词，作定语时，s保留。 如：goods train (货车) arms produce 武器生产 customs papers 海关文件 clothes brush衣刷
名词作定语一般用单数，但也有以下例外。 1) 用复数作定语。 如：sports meeting 运动会 students reading-room 学生阅览室 talks table 谈判桌
the foreign languages department 外语系
2) 有些原有s结尾的名词，作定语时，s保留。 如：goods train (货车)
arms produce 武器生产
customs papers 海关文件
clothes brush衣刷
１．The ______ of the building are covered with lots of ______.
A．roofs; leaves B．rooves; leafs C．roof; leaf D．roofs; leafs
２．When the farmer returned home he found three ______ missing.
A．sheeps B．sheepes C．sheep D．sheepies
３．Some ______ visited our school last Wednesday.
A．German B．Germen
C．Germans D．Germens
４._______ will make a trip around the world during the coming Christmas. (1993 上海)
A. The Evens B. The Evens’
C. The Evenses D. The Evenses’
５.--- Who did you spend last weekend with?
--- _____. (98上海)
A Palmer’s B The Palmers’
C The Palmers D The Palmer’s
６.He gained his _____ by printing _____ of famous writers. (NMET95)
A. wealth; work B. wealths; works
C. wealths; work D. wealth; works
７.Can you give us some ______ about the writer?
A．informations B．information
C．piece of informations D．pieces information
８.Many people agree that ____of English is a must in international trade today. (NMET96)
A. a knowledge B. knowledges
C. knowledge D. the knowledge９.It took us quite a long time to get here. It was ________ journey. （05北京春季）
A. three-hour B. a three hour
C. a three-hour D. three hours
１０.The village is far away from here indeed. It’s _____ walk. （04上海春季）
A. a four hour B. a four hour's
C. a four-hours D. a four hours'
This is not a match. We’re playing chess for _____.
A habit B hobby C fun D game (2001上海春季There are only twelve _____ in the hospital.
A．woman doctors B．women doctors
C．women doctor D．woman doctor
名词的搭配问题1
We’ve missed the last bus. I’m afraid we have no ______ but to take a taxi. (N 19993)
A. way B. choice C. possibility D. selection
可以将“ have no choice but to do … ”视为一个结构，现在考查这类搭配的题有很多，如：
I am sure David will be able to find the library — he has a pretty good _______ of direction.（05浙江卷）
A．idea B．feeling C．experience D．sense
类似的题还有：??1. Here’s my card. Let’s keep in __________. (N 1994) (A)
A. touch B. relation C. connection D. friendship
2. You can take as many as you like because they are free of
_______. (1998 上海) (B)
A. fare B. charge C. money D. pay
3. The manager has got a good business _______ so the
company is doing well. （03北京春季）（B）
A．idea B．sense C．thought D．Thinking
4. I keep medicines on the top shelf, out of the children’s
______. （04天津）(A)
A reach B hand C hold D place????问题2
A rough estimate, Nigeria is__________ Great Britain. （05上海卷）
A. three times the size as
B. the size three times of
C. three times as the size of
D. three times the size of
注意名词用来表示比较的特殊用法。它的结构为“倍数+the +名词+ of + 对象”。常用在该结构中的名词为：the size of; the weight of; the length of …….?名词词语辨析问题1
Bill was doing a lot of physical exercise to build up his_______. （05天津卷） (C)
A. ability B. force C. strength D. mind
高考试卷中考查名词词义辨析的题目越来越多了，这就要求我们在平时的学习过程中注意同类词的比较和辨析，同时尽可能从阅读过程中汲取更多的知识。本题的意思是参加体育锻炼的目的是增强体质和力气。?Good-bye!问题1：
--- How many does a cow have?
--- Four.
A．stomaches B．stomach
C．stomachs D．stomachies
以 s, sh, ch, x等结尾的名词变复数时加 –es；但如果以 –ch 结尾的名词发音为 [k]时，只加 –s。
另外，以辅音字母 +y 结尾的名词变复数时，需将 y 变成 i，再加 -es；以元音字母 +y 结尾的则直接加 -s。以辅音字母加 y 结尾的专有名词变复数时，也直接加 -s。?
2、可数与不可数名词的转换；
3、名词作定语；
4、名词的搭配;
5、词语辨析；高考考点分析名词的单复数个体名词的数 1、个体名词的规则复数形式：
1). book , bag , bee , place
2). gas , box , church ，dish
3). party , lady boy , play
4). zoo ,photo, piano
potato , tomato , hero
5). serf, chief, belief , proof, roof, cliff, gulf , etc.
thief, wife, life ,knife, leaf, wolf, shelf, loaf ,etc.
特例: handkerchief handkerchiefs handkerchieves
( -s )( -es )( y→ies )( -s )( -es )( -s )( f/fe→ves )s问题1：
--- How many does a cow have?
--- Four.
A．stomaches B．stomach
C．stomachs D．stomachies
以 s, sh, ch, x等结尾的名词变复数时加 –es；但如果以 –ch 结尾的名词发音为 [k]时，只加 –s。?个体名词的数.
2、不规则复数形式：
1). foot tooth man woman mouse
2). child ox medium basis
3). sheep deer fish Chinese species series works meansfeetteethmenwomenmicechildrenoxen（单复数同形）mediabasesfish----fishes(不同种类的鱼)
We caught three little fishes.
Could you catch those fish?
.汉语拼音的度量衡,货币等单位的名词如yuan.jiao, jin ,fen单复数同行
３．单数形式表示复数含义的词
Cattle ,police ,people, public
４．有些名词单复数形式含义特别常见woods （森林) works（工厂）
waters(水域) clothes(衣服) customs (海关) manners(礼貌) sands(沙滩) spirits(精神,烈酒) feelings (感情) goods(货物) papers (报纸,文件) surroundings(环境) games (运动会) forces (军队) times(时代) looks (外表) arms (武器) conditions(形式,情况)
Instructions(说明) wages （工资）
Savings（存款）问题５：
Mr Smith has two ______, both of whom are teachers in a school.
A．brothers-in-law B．brother-in-laws
C．brothers-in-laws D．brothers-in law
以连字符号连接的合成名词一般将中心名词变成复数，如：managers-in-chief; fathers-in-law。如果没有中心名词就在该合成词的最后加 –s。如：grown-ups。?特例：Man singer
Woman teachermen singerswomen teachers名词的可数与不可数常见的不可数名词Advice experience, fun information,
knowledge equipment progress wealth room furniture
.不可数名词可数化1.不可数名词有定语修饰
A good knowledge of
A hard time
Be a great help to sb
２．抽象名词具体化
常见pity ,success ,honour ,shame ,difficulty
Pleasure, surprise等．3. 当物质名词表示份数时，可数。 Our country is famous for tea.
Two teas, please. 请来两杯茶。名词的所有格一:’s型用法（有生命的所有格）１．有生命的所有格
李平的自行车
汤姆的作品
Tom and Mary’s father Tom’s and Mary’s fathers
2.表某人家，店铺名称，常省去所有格后的名词．
At Green’s , at my uncle’s
At the tailor’sLi ping’s bike Tom’s works共有各有３表示时间，距离，集体，城市，国家，团体，机构等．
today’s newspaper
ten minutes’ walk
the station’s waiting room４有同位语时，所有格在同位语后加’s
这是我弟弟，李平的书
This is my brother,LiPing’s book .
5.somebody,someone,who+else所有格加在else 后．
如果这字典不是你的，会是谁的？
If this dictionary isn’t yours,who
else’s can it be?二：of 型１.Of 型（无生命名词所有格）
我们学校的学生
房间的窗户
２.所修饰的名词前如有不定冠词，不定代词，数词常用双重所有格
a + N + of + ’s / mine = one of + Ns
他是我父亲的一个朋友．
e.g. He is a friend of my father’s .
2. this / that + N + of + ’s / mine ( 带有感彩 )
他姐姐的那个聪明儿子
e.g. that clever son of his sister’s
The students of our schoolthe window of the room名词作定语三、名词的通格作定语：名词作定语可表示后一名词的处所、地点、用途、功能、材料、物质、类别、容器的功用、时间等。
e.g. a coffee cup a paper tiger a boy friend
返回问题1
The ______ is just around the corner and you won’t miss it. (01北京春季)
A. bicycle’s shop B. bicycle shop
C. bicycles shop D. bicycles’ shop
?名词作定语一般用单数，但也有以下例外。 1) 用复数作定语。 如：sports meeting 运动会 students reading-room 学生阅览室 talks table 谈判桌 the foreign languages department 外语系 2) 有些原有s结尾的名词，作定语时，s保留。 如：goods train (货车) arms produce 武器生产 customs papers 海关文件 clothes brush衣刷
名词作定语一般用单数，但也有以下例外。 1) 用复数作定语。 如：sports meeting 运动会 students reading-room 学生阅览室 talks table 谈判桌
the foreign languages department 外语系
2) 有些原有s结尾的名词，作定语时，s保留。 如：goods train (货车)
arms produce 武器生产
customs papers 海关文件
clothes brush衣刷
１．The ______ of the building are covered with lots of ______.
A．roofs; leaves B．rooves; leafs C．roof; leaf D．roofs; leafs
２．When the farmer returned home he found three ______ missing.
A．sheeps B．sheepes C．sheep D．sheepies
３．Some ______ visited our school last Wednesday.
A．German B．Germen
C．Germans D．Germens
４._______ will make a trip around the world during the coming Christmas. (1993 上海)
A. The Evens B. The Evens’
C. The Evenses D. The Evenses’
５.--- Who did you spend last weekend with?
--- _____. (98上海)
A Palmer’s B The Palmers’
C The Palmers D The Palmer’s
６.He gained his _____ by printing _____ of famous writers. (NMET95)
A. wealth; work B. wealths; works
C. wealths; work D. wealth; works
７.Can you give us some ______ about the writer?
A．informations B．information
C．piece of informations D．pieces information
８.Many people agree that ____of English is a must in international trade today. (NMET96)
A. a knowledge B. knowledges
C. knowledge D. the knowledge９.It took us quite a long time to get here. It was ________ journey. （05北京春季）
A. three-hour B. a three hour
C. a three-hour D. three hours
１０.The village is far away from here indeed. It’s _____ walk. （04上海春季）
A. a four hour B. a four hour's
C. a four-hours D. a four hours'
This is not a match. We’re playing chess for _____.
A habit B hobby C fun D game (2001上海春季There are only twelve _____ in the hospital.
A．woman doctors B．women doctors
C．women doctor D．woman doctor
名词的搭配问题1
We’ve missed the last bus. I’m afraid we have no ______ but to take a taxi. (N 19993)
A. way B. choice C. possibility D. selection
可以将“ have no choice but to do … ”视为一个结构，现在考查这类搭配的题有很多，如：
I am sure David will be able to find the library — he has a pretty good _______ of direction.（05浙江卷）
A．idea B．feeling C．experience D．sense
类似的题还有：??1. Here’s my card. Let’s keep in __________. (N 1994) (A)
A. touch B. relation C. connection D. friendship
2. You can take as many as you like because they are free of
_______. (1998 上海) (B)
A. fare B. charge C. money D. pay
3. The manager has got a good business _______ so the
company is doing well. （03北京春季）（B）
A．idea B．sense C．thought D．Thinking
4. I keep medicines on the top shelf, out of the children’s
______. （04天津）(A)
A reach B hand C hold D place????问题2
A rough estimate, Nigeria is__________ Great Britain. （05上海卷）
A. three times the size as
B. the size three times of
C. three times as the size of
D. three times the size of
注意名词用来表示比较的特殊用法。它的结构为“倍数+the +名词+ of + 对象”。常用在该结构中的名词为：the size of; the weight of; the length of …….?名词词语辨析问题1
Bill was doing a lot of physical exercise to build up his_______. （05天津卷） (C)
A. ability B. force C. strength D. mind
高考试卷中考查名词词义辨析的题目越来越多了，这就要求我们在平时的学习过程中注意同类词的比较和辨析，同时尽可能从阅读过程中汲取更多的知识。本题的意思是参加体育锻炼的目的是增强体质和力气。?Good-bye!问题1：
--- How many does a cow have?
--- Four.
A．stomaches B．stomach
C．stomachs D．stomachies
以 s, sh, ch, x等结尾的名词变复数时加 –es；但如果以 –ch 结尾的名词发音为 [k]时，只加 –s。
另外，以辅音字母 +y 结尾的名词变复数时，需将 y 变成 i，再加 -es；以元音字母 +y 结尾的则直接加 -s。以辅音字母加 y 结尾的专有名词变复数时，也直接加 -s。?