(共40张PPT)
高考听力应试步骤与技巧
“听”是人们交际活动的最基本的形式之一。 “掌握一种语言，首先是听懂，听懂的比重占90%。能听懂你才觉得舒服，听不懂就觉得不自在。”
多听是增强语感，提高听力之本，若再加上正确的听力方法，掌握必要的技巧及对策，则可获得事半功倍的效果。
The common questions
1)领略主旨大意，概括话题内容
2)获取具体事实，把握信息联系
3)推测谈话背景，判断人物身份
4)领会弦外之音，推断其中意图
1)领略主旨大意，概括话题内容
要求考生对听到的内容有一个整体的把握和全面的领会。
常见的考查话题的问题有：
What are the two speakers talking about
What are the two speakers doing
What’s the passage mainly about
What’s the topic of the passage
常见的考查细节的问题有： When should Susan go to meet Professor Brown
What is the old man’s house number？
How many things did the salesman show to the buyer？
Where is the girl going？
How does the man pay for the tickets？
Whom would they turn to for help？
Which of the following is right／true？
2)获取具体事实，把握信息联系
3）领会弦外之音，推断其中意图
常见的有关意图的问题有:
What does the woman mean
What can we learn from the conversation？
Which of the following words best describes the feeling the speaker had？
What can we know about the man？
What is the most probable result of the conversation？
常见的考查背景的问题有：
Where did the conversation most likely take place
Where are the two speakers talking
Who do you think the man probably is？
What’s the probable relationship between the two speakers？
4)推测谈话背景，判断人物身份
与陌生人之间 的会话：
问路
购物
订票
预定旅馆
寄送邮件
就医
街头采访
接受警察询问
与熟人之间
的会话：
助人 兴趣爱好
来信 问候
新闻 约会 电话通知
难忘的经历 求职
建议 计划 打算 安排
通知主办 推迟或取消
活动 时尚话题
家庭成员之间
的会话
安排生活
饮食习惯
不良习惯
学习习惯
听力测试三大部分:
第一节 （1-5） 对话 听一遍
第二节 （6-16） 对话 听两遍
（17-20） 独白 听两遍
听前
听时
听后
听力测试三大步骤:
（一）调节情绪，保持良好的心理状态 (二)读题预测，变被动为主动 （三）充分发挥想象力，联系实际
（四）边听边记，强化记忆
（五）注意对话语气地方工作及“弦外之音”
（六）顾全整体，运用概括分析跳越障碍
（七）利用题干，再次进行删选
（一）调节情绪，保持良好的心理状态
放录音前考生会心跳加速，略感紧张，这是很正常的。大家需树立必胜的信心，遇乱不惊、镇定应考，才能从容答题，正常发挥。
充分利用听录音前的时间，阅读每题的题干和选项，强记关键目标词语，充分利用题干、选项和自己的知识和经验，作适当的分析与推断，预测短文或对话可能涉及到的内容。特别在第二部分，有时甚至可以根据题干或根据常识猜出答案。
(二)读题预测，变被动为主动
6. How does the man feel about David's way of sleeping
A. It's effective. B. It's strange. C. It's the best
7. How many hours does David sleep a day
A. Four. B. Six. C. Seven.
9. What’s the relationship between the two speakers
A. Policeman and witness B. Husband and wife C.Teacher and student
10. What caused the accident to happen
A. A dog B. A child C. An old man
11. When did the ambulance come
A. At 8:40 B. 8:30 C. At 8:45
4. According to Peter, what is the problem with the building
A. The air-conditioning is too strong.
B. The air-conditioning is out of order.
C. The air-conditioning stops working sometimes.
4. According to Peter, what is the problem with the building
A. The air-conditioning is too strong.
B. The air-conditioning is out of order.
C. The air-conditioning stops working sometimes.
（三）充分发挥想象力，联系实际
听力材料总是会以一定的情景为背景，在听的过程中，大家可以充分发挥想象力，在脑海中勾画当时的实际场景。
1. Where does Jane ask Tom to meet her at first
In the park
By the lake
By the entrance
7:30 in the restaurant
7:00 in the restaurant
7:30 outside the restaurant
2. When and where do they agree to meet finally
Wash clothes
Wash the dishes
Clean the floor
3. What does Jane have to do before going out to meet Tom
1. Where does Jane ask Tom to meet her at first
In the park
By the lake
By the entrance
2. When and where do they agree to meet finally
7:30 in the restaurant
7:00 in the restaurant
7:30 outside the restaurant
3. What does Jane have to do before going out to meet Tom
Wash clothes
Wash the dishes
Clean the floor
Above all, calm yourselves down before listening and ready to enjoy listening to the English language.
捕捉人物、时间、地点、数字等具体信息 记录时要有重点、有技巧。用一些最简单的、自己看得懂的符号或缩写例如：有关数字的内容，用阿拉伯数字记录；地名、人名用相关的字母代替；单词用缩写；长句抓住主要意义的单词或短语等。
（四）边听边记，强化记忆
▼2) When did the plane leave
A.2:05 B. 1:55 C. 1:45
▼3) When did John go to Washington
A. Monday B. Tuesday C. Wednesday
一要注意对话双方说话的口气，二要注意对话的地方，三要注意所做的工作。
如含有转折意义的连词but, Sorry, I‘m afraid…, I’m not sure…，for example , however … 这些词之后往往都含有关键信息。
（五）注意对话语气地方工作及“弦外之音”
1. What’s the relationship between the two speakers
A. Guest and receptionist B. Boss and secretary
C. Husband and wife
2. What does the conversation most probably take place
A. At home B. In a restaurant C. At the supermarket
5. What time will the woman go to the party
A. Before seven B. Around six thirty C. After seven
3. What do we know about the man
A. He is making coffee B. He has a pain in his hands.
C. He is busy painting
在听力中碰到个别词语听不懂是正常现象，大家注意的焦点应当是整个语篇的大意，而不是在个别词语上。
正确的处理方法是跳过去，接着往下听，可能下面的句子会给你一些启示。只要你领会了大意，明确了话题和谈话的背景文化知识，就可以越过障碍，运用整体理解去推知答案。也可以利用中间的停顿时间把试题再看看，结合试题去联想。
（六）顾全整体，运用概括分析跳越障碍
Above all, you can never be too careful while listening , what’s more, make full use of your ears, eyes, hands, and brain!
考试后，可以再次利用题干所给我们的信息，以及在听力过程中所听取的信息，在三个选项中尽快选出最适合的答案。切忌在听力上花过多的时间，避免影响后面部分的作答。
（七）利用题干，再次进行删选
近几年高考英语听力测试题所涉及的短文材料的题材大致可分为“故事、新闻、演讲”三大类。
Monologue
故事为记叙文体裁，文体特点以记人叙事为主。我们在听故事题材的短文时，要注意以时间先后为线索，掌握故事的大致情节；然后了解事情的发生和发展过程，记住主要的事实细节；最后要特别体会故事的结局寓意，要弄明白所讲故事的幽默之处或说明了一个什么道理。
新闻报道第一句话先用新闻导语简明扼要地介绍新闻的主要内容，它其中包括了新闻的五个要素即5个W( Who, What, When, Where, Why)和一个H(How)，然后再按其重要性原则逐一说明事实细节，新闻报道的最后一句往往是新闻事件当前的结果。
演讲通常由开场白(introduction)、正文(body)、结尾(conclusion)三个部分组成。有关主题和演讲者身份的信息，一般在开场白中就可以获取；事实细节主要在演讲材料的第二部分；演讲者的观点和看法在结尾作总结时一般都会提到。
18. What is the purpose of setting up the museum according to Mr. Brown
A. To promote his product B. To help educate school children
C. To attract more visitors
19. Why does the speaker invite teachers before the museum opens
A. To get their advice. B. To introduce his company
C. To teacher them how to use computer.
20. What is Mr. Tom Sliver
A. A guide in the museum. B. A teacher in a high school
C. The assistant of Mr. Brown.
Good morning, ladies and gentleman. I’m pleased to meet all of you here because you are my special guests. Welcome to the museum of our company. My name is Brown, well, George Brown. I am the general manager of the company. As you all know, we mainly make computers in our company, as well as some other electronic products. But we are also quite interested in education. That is why we have founded this museum, where, we hope, children can learn how computers have been developed, how they are made and how they are used in industry, agriculture, scientific research, and many other areas. Children can operate the computers, they can push buttons and listen to stories about computers, and they can enjoy video shows. I know you are all teachers, and you know what school children really need. So I hope you can give me suggestions after you have been shown around. I want my museum to be the best of its kind when it opens to all school children. This is Mr. Tom Silver, my assistant. He will be your guide now. I will be with you again in one hour and a half. Enjoy yourselves . See you!
Good morning, ladies and gentleman. I’m pleased to meet all of you here because you are my special guests. Welcome to the museum of our company. My name is Brown, well, George Brown. I am the general manager of the company. As you all know, we mainly make computers in our company, as well as some other electronic products. But we are also quite interested in education. That is why we have founded this museum, where, we hope, children can learn how computers have been developed, how they are made and how they are used in industry, agriculture, scientific research, and many other areas. Children can operate the computers, they can push buttons and listen to stories about computers, and they can enjoy video shows. I know you are all teachers, and you know what school children really need. So I hope you can give me suggestions after you have been shown around. I want my museum to be the best of its kind when it opens to all school children. This is Mr. Tom Silver, my assistant. He will be your guide now. I will be with you again in one hour and a half. Enjoy yourselves . See you!
Good morning, ladies and gentleman. I’m pleased to meet all of you here because you are my special guests. Welcome to the museum of our company. My name is Brown, well, George Brown. I am the general manager of the company. As you all know, we mainly make computers in our company, as well as some other electronic products. But we are also quite interested in education. That is why we have founded this museum, where, we hope, children can learn how computers have been developed, how they are made and how they are used in industry, agriculture, scientific research, and many other areas. Children can operate the computers, they can push buttons and listen to stories about computers, and they can enjoy video shows. I know you are all teachers, and you know what school children really need. So I hope you can give me suggestions after you have been shown around. I want my museum to be the best of its kind when it opens to all school children. This is Mr. Tom Silver, my assistant. He will be your guide now. I will be with you again in one hour and a half. Enjoy yourselves . See you!
18. What is the purpose of setting up the museum according to Mr. Brown
A. To promote his product B. To help educate school children
C. To attract more visitors
19. Why does the speaker invite teachers before the museum opens
A. To get their advice. B. To introduce his company
C. To teacher them how to use computer.
20. What is Mr. Tom Sliver
A. A guide in the museum. B. A teacher in a high school
C. The assistant of Mr. Brown.
听力练习过程中的注意点：
听力能力的培养必须持之以恒。每天要有一定时间量的练习。形式可以是多种多样的。比如可以大声朗读课文或其他阅读材料；可以边听磁带边朗读；可以做些听写单词、句子和短文填空之类的练习；可以互相之间练习对话，等等。听与说都是对大脑感官的刺激，是相辅相成的。
听力能力的提高必须建立在单词正确的发音基础上。考生必须掌握单词的正确发音，要有很好的语音知识，要能正确区分单词的重读、弱读、爆破及失去爆破，学会辨别句子的连读、节奏以及语调的变化。
有扎实的语言交际功能知识 高考英语听力测试的对话都反映了某种交际功能和交际场合，而且这些功能与场合几乎都在课本上出现过。因此，考生在复习阶段必须要认真复习教材每一单元的对话部分；熟悉在特定情景中的语言交际功能；可以按类别对语言特定的功能进行梳理，比如：购物，道歉，问路，等等。
听力理解能力也包含有阅读理解活动，阅读是对语言形式的体验，多开口朗读能形成语感， 比如领悟词法、句法功能、逻辑关系的能力；写作训练能巩固并提高学生已学的语言知识和能力，也能帮助学生深入地理解记忆语言现象，从而进一步增强语感，促进听能的发展。
听力练习过程中的注意点：
在条件许可的情况下，可以积极开展第二课堂训练，比如听英语歌曲、英语广播、看原版电影， 参加英语角、英语晚会等，让学生体会到英语学习当中的无限乐趣,也可以帮助学生熟悉美国的历史文化、政党制度、节日、风俗习惯等知识。
有的同学不能直接用英语理解听力材料，而是借助于中文，中间经历了一个心译过程。这样的翻译过程影响了下文信息的输入。所以在听力训练过程用英语思维的好习惯，这是克服综合理解的障碍的关键。
1） a big time：尽兴，高兴的时刻 the big time：第一流，最高级
2） admit to：承认 admit sb.(in) to：允许某人进入某地或加入某组织、行业
3） all for：完全赞成 for all：尽管
4） attach to：属于，归因于 attach oneself to：参加，加入
5） bear in mind：记住 have in mind：考虑
6） begin with：以……为起点 to begin with：首先
7） build up：逐步建成，增强 build on：以……为基础，依赖
听力练习过程中的注意点：
听力考试时间宝贵，许多有用的信息稍纵即逝，最令人遗憾的莫过于听到一个自己摸棱两可的词或短语了。 因此，多多积累这些容易混淆的词语和短语。
例如：
HOMEWORK
Listen to a complete listening exercise by yourselves after class; try to use all the strategies you learn today.
Thank you!
