单项选择专题讲座-新人教[整理][上学期]
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| 名称 | 单项选择专题讲座-新人教[整理][上学期] |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2006-06-07 21:21:00 | ||
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课件38张PPT。 高考专题讲座----单项选择常见语法考点A.定语从句 （The Restrictive Attributive
Clause and Non-restrictive Attributive
Clause )
1) In the dark street, there wasn't a single
person she could turn for help.(92)
A. that B. who
C. from whom D. to whom
2) After living in Paris for fifty years he returned
to the small town _____ he grew up as a child.
A. which B. where C. that D. when ( 96 )
3) He paid for the boy $ 10 for washing ten
windows, most of hadn't been cleaned
for at least a year. ( 90 )
A. these B. those C. that D. which
4) I have many friends, ______ some are
businessmen. ( 05全国I )
A. of them B. from which C. who of D. of whom………5) 关系词whose和which作定语的区别：
☆ I often get up at 6, at which time it is still
very dark in winter.
☆ He visited America and Canada, in which
countries he had a good time.
☆ Don't call me between 12 o'clock and 1
o'clock, during which time I am usualy
having lunch.
☆ Chaplin went to the States in 1910, by which
time he had learnt to dance and act in comedies.
☆ We told her to see a doctor, which advice she
took.
6) 并不表示地点的关系词where：
☆ I can think of many cases where students
obviously know a lot of English words and
expressions but couldn't write a good essay.
☆ Now you can see we've come to the point where
a change is badly needed.7) 同强调句和同位语从句的区别：
☆ There were signs that a new, different South
is coming out of its dark past. ( 同位语从句)
☆ The words " gymnastics" and "gym" come
from the Greek language, for it was i
Greece that Olympic competition started.
( 强调句 ) 8) 认清分隔式定语从句：
☆ A new master will come tomorrow ____ will teach you German.
A. who B. which
C. while D. When
9)对比分割式同位语从句：
The question came up at the meeting whether we
had enough money for our research.
B. 状语从句 ( The Adverbial Clause )
1) The WTO cannot live up to its name _____ it
does not include a country that is home to
one fifth of mankind. ( 2000 )
A. as long as B. while C. if D. even though对比：
It is a good idea to start a part-time job as long as it does not affect your studies.
2) The film brought the hours back to me
______ I was taken good care of in that
far-away village. ( 2001 )
A. until B. that C. when D. where3) John shut everybody out of the kitchen ____
he could prepare his grand surprise for the
party. ( 2002 )
A. which B. when C. so that D. as if
4) Don't be afraid of asking for help _____ it is
needed. ( 2003 )
A. unless B. since C. although D. when对比：
＊ Perhaps I'll see you in August, if I have time.
＊ I'll see you in August, when I come back.
Why do you want a new job_____ you've get
such a good one already? ( 98 )
A. that B. whose C. which D. when
After the war, a new school building was put
up ____ there had once been a theatre.( 97 )
A. that B. where C.which D. when
对比：
After living in Paris for fifty years he
returned to the small town______he grew up as
a child. A.which B. where C. that D. when(96 )
7) ____you've got a chance, you might as well
make full use of it. ( 99 )
A. Now that B. After C.Although D.As soon as
注意:While there are many different interpreta-
tion of our body language, some gestures seem
to be universal. while / 虽然, 尽管
状语从句中需要注意的连词有：
☆as, when, while表时间时的区别。
☆ because, as, since, for表原因时的区别。
☆ unless, in case, when/since，as long as, so far as, generally speaking, speaking of, talking of, judging from / by, considering, given,
granted/granting, seeing, supposing,respecting,
providing/ provided, regarding 表条件时的用
法。
As soon as, hardly… when, no sooner…than,
scarcely…when; the moment /minute / second /
instant ； immediately / scarcely/ secondly /
directly ；on doing； whatever, whoever,
whomever, whoever, whenever, wherever,
however, whichever ; 另有whether表让步注意It is / was not ... until ...的三种变化形式。
注意unless和 if ...not的异同:
I'll feel much happier if he doesn't come
with us. ( 不用unless )
You‘ll be late unless you hurry. ( 可用
unless)
C. 动词时态 ( Verb Tenses )
1) -- Sorry, Joe, I didn't mean to ...
-- Don't call me "Joe". I'm Mr. Parker
to you, and ____ you forget it ! ( 2003 )
A. do B. didn't C. did D. don't 2) Why don't you put the meat in the fridge? It
will ____ fresh for several days. ( 2003 )
A. be stayed B. stay
C. be staying D. have stayed
I ____ ping-pong quite well, but I haven't had
time to play since the new year. ( 2001 )
A. will play B. have played
C. played D. play D. 情态动词 ( Modal Verbs )
1) A left luggage office is a place where bags
____ be left for a short time, especially at
a railway station. ( 2003 )
A. should B. can C. must D. will
2) -- Is John coming by train?
-- He should, but ____ not. He likes driving
his car. ( 2002 )
A. must B. can C. need D. may
3) I was really anxious about you. You ____
home without a word. ( 2001 )
A. mustn't leave
B. shouldn't have left
C. couldn't have left
D. needn't leave
情态动词表推测的程度：
must
will
would
should
He ought to be a waiter.
can (not )
could
may
might
4) It's 7:30 now. He must be doing his homework.
5) -- There were already five people in the car but
they managed to take me as well.
-- It ____ a comfortable journey. ( 95 )
A. can't be
B. shouldn't be
C. mustn't have been
D. couldn't have been6) -- I stayed at a hotel while in New York.
-- Oh, did you? You ____ with Barbara. ( 98 )
A. could have stayed B. could stay
C. would stay D. must have stayed
7) -- Alice, why didn't you come yesterday?
-- I , but I had an unexpected visitor.
( 97 )
A. had B. would C. was going to D. did
类似的动词形式有：
would / should like ( love ) to have done =
would have like to，would rather have done
was / were going to do...
was / were expecting / looking forward to /
planning / arranging
had thought / wanted / hoped / supposed /
planned / meant / intended
was / were to have done
wanted / planned / meant / thought... 注意： cannot ... too / enough / sufficiently /
overdo的用法。
例如：
1) You can never be too careful.
2) It seems that people just cannot get enough of scary rides and exciting adventures. ( SEFCSB 1B Unit 22 “A world of fun” )
3) This point cannot be overemphasized.
表本来能做某事而未做的情态动词：
should / ought to / would / may / might /
needn't have done
例外的有：must have done, can。
对比：
☆ I had thought that Mary would come by but
she didn't.
☆ There was to have been a restaurant here on
the street, but they refused permission at
the last moment.E. 冠词 ( Article )
1) Jumping out of ____ airplane at te
thousand feet is quite ____ exciting
experience. ( 2002 )
A. 不填；the B. 不填；a
C. an； an D. the；the 对比:
-- Have you seen ____ pen? I left it here this
morning.
-- Is it ____ black one? I think I saw it
somewhere. ( 97 )
A. a；the B. the；the C. the；a D. a；a
2) The sign reads "In case of ____ fire, break the
glass and push ____ red button. ( 2003 )
A.不填；a B.不填；the；C. the；the D. a; a
F. 分词用法 ( The Participle )
1) ____ such heavy pollution already, it may
now be too late to clean up the river. ( 2001 )
A. having suffered B. Suffering
C. To suffer D. Suffered
对比：
___ the general state of his health, it may take
him a while to recover from the operation.
( 2000春考)
A. Given B. To give
C. Giving D. Having given
区别：
Given more attention, the trees could have
grown better.
2) European football is played in 80 countries,
____ it the most popular sport in the earth. ( 98 )
A. making B. makes C. made D. to makeG. 形容词/副词及倍数表示法 ( Adj., Adv. And Multiple )
Allen had to call a taxi because the box was ____ to carry all the way home.
(2003)
A. much too heavy B. too much heavy
C. heavy too much D. too heavy much
注意：fairly, quite, rather, pretty及very，much
等。a little, a bit, a lot, half, enough, too, far,
by far； deep---deeply， wide -widely，
high---highly， loud ---loudly， cheep ---
cheaply， safe ---safely； not/no a little /
small / slightly等。
2) I don‘t like the exhibition a little.
对比：
He was not a little satisfied with the result.
He was not a bit satisfied with the result.
3) He did it ____ it took me. A. one -third a time B. one -third time
C. the one -third time D. one -third the time倍数表示的基本形式:
倍数 /分数 / 百分数 + the + 表示“大小/ 多少 / 远近 / 轻重/时间等名词
倍数 + that/those of:
Tom’s age is two times that of Jerry’s. ( that of = as much as)
c. 倍数 + as ... as：
We have produced 4 times as many electric fans as we did last year.
d. 倍数 + adj. / adv. 比较级 + than ...：
The output of coal was 25% greater than in 1990.
4) How beautifully she sings! I have never heard ____.
A. the better voice B. a good voice
C. the best voice D. a better voice
对比：
Boris has brains. In fact, I doubt whether
anyone in the class has ____ IQ.
A. a high B. a higher
C. the higher D. the highestH. 动词等习语及辩异(Verb Phrases and Some Idioms )
1) News reports say peace talks between the two countries ____ with no agreement reached. ( 2003 )
A. have broken down B. have broken out
C. have broken in D. have broken up
2) The taxi driver often reminds passengers to ____ their belongings when they leave the car. ( 2002 )
A. keep B. catch C. hold D. take
I. 情景表达及其它
1) -- I think you should phone Jenny and
say sorry to her.
-- ____. It was her fault.
A. No way B. Not possible
C. No chance D. Not at all
2) Who will start the ball rolling? Jackie, will
you speak first?
3) The changes in the city will cost quite a lot,
____ they will save us money in the long run.
( 2000春 )
A. or B. since C. for D. but
对比：
Excuse me for breaking in, ____ I have some
news for you. ( 2002 )
A. so B. and C. but D. yet
Thank you!
Clause and Non-restrictive Attributive
Clause )
1) In the dark street, there wasn't a single
person she could turn for help.(92)
A. that B. who
C. from whom D. to whom
2) After living in Paris for fifty years he returned
to the small town _____ he grew up as a child.
A. which B. where C. that D. when ( 96 )
3) He paid for the boy $ 10 for washing ten
windows, most of hadn't been cleaned
for at least a year. ( 90 )
A. these B. those C. that D. which
4) I have many friends, ______ some are
businessmen. ( 05全国I )
A. of them B. from which C. who of D. of whom………5) 关系词whose和which作定语的区别：
☆ I often get up at 6, at which time it is still
very dark in winter.
☆ He visited America and Canada, in which
countries he had a good time.
☆ Don't call me between 12 o'clock and 1
o'clock, during which time I am usualy
having lunch.
☆ Chaplin went to the States in 1910, by which
time he had learnt to dance and act in comedies.
☆ We told her to see a doctor, which advice she
took.
6) 并不表示地点的关系词where：
☆ I can think of many cases where students
obviously know a lot of English words and
expressions but couldn't write a good essay.
☆ Now you can see we've come to the point where
a change is badly needed.7) 同强调句和同位语从句的区别：
☆ There were signs that a new, different South
is coming out of its dark past. ( 同位语从句)
☆ The words " gymnastics" and "gym" come
from the Greek language, for it was i
Greece that Olympic competition started.
( 强调句 ) 8) 认清分隔式定语从句：
☆ A new master will come tomorrow ____ will teach you German.
A. who B. which
C. while D. When
9)对比分割式同位语从句：
The question came up at the meeting whether we
had enough money for our research.
B. 状语从句 ( The Adverbial Clause )
1) The WTO cannot live up to its name _____ it
does not include a country that is home to
one fifth of mankind. ( 2000 )
A. as long as B. while C. if D. even though对比：
It is a good idea to start a part-time job as long as it does not affect your studies.
2) The film brought the hours back to me
______ I was taken good care of in that
far-away village. ( 2001 )
A. until B. that C. when D. where3) John shut everybody out of the kitchen ____
he could prepare his grand surprise for the
party. ( 2002 )
A. which B. when C. so that D. as if
4) Don't be afraid of asking for help _____ it is
needed. ( 2003 )
A. unless B. since C. although D. when对比：
＊ Perhaps I'll see you in August, if I have time.
＊ I'll see you in August, when I come back.
Why do you want a new job_____ you've get
such a good one already? ( 98 )
A. that B. whose C. which D. when
After the war, a new school building was put
up ____ there had once been a theatre.( 97 )
A. that B. where C.which D. when
对比：
After living in Paris for fifty years he
returned to the small town______he grew up as
a child. A.which B. where C. that D. when(96 )
7) ____you've got a chance, you might as well
make full use of it. ( 99 )
A. Now that B. After C.Although D.As soon as
注意:While there are many different interpreta-
tion of our body language, some gestures seem
to be universal. while / 虽然, 尽管
状语从句中需要注意的连词有：
☆as, when, while表时间时的区别。
☆ because, as, since, for表原因时的区别。
☆ unless, in case, when/since，as long as, so far as, generally speaking, speaking of, talking of, judging from / by, considering, given,
granted/granting, seeing, supposing,respecting,
providing/ provided, regarding 表条件时的用
法。
As soon as, hardly… when, no sooner…than,
scarcely…when; the moment /minute / second /
instant ； immediately / scarcely/ secondly /
directly ；on doing； whatever, whoever,
whomever, whoever, whenever, wherever,
however, whichever ; 另有whether表让步注意It is / was not ... until ...的三种变化形式。
注意unless和 if ...not的异同:
I'll feel much happier if he doesn't come
with us. ( 不用unless )
You‘ll be late unless you hurry. ( 可用
unless)
C. 动词时态 ( Verb Tenses )
1) -- Sorry, Joe, I didn't mean to ...
-- Don't call me "Joe". I'm Mr. Parker
to you, and ____ you forget it ! ( 2003 )
A. do B. didn't C. did D. don't 2) Why don't you put the meat in the fridge? It
will ____ fresh for several days. ( 2003 )
A. be stayed B. stay
C. be staying D. have stayed
I ____ ping-pong quite well, but I haven't had
time to play since the new year. ( 2001 )
A. will play B. have played
C. played D. play D. 情态动词 ( Modal Verbs )
1) A left luggage office is a place where bags
____ be left for a short time, especially at
a railway station. ( 2003 )
A. should B. can C. must D. will
2) -- Is John coming by train?
-- He should, but ____ not. He likes driving
his car. ( 2002 )
A. must B. can C. need D. may
3) I was really anxious about you. You ____
home without a word. ( 2001 )
A. mustn't leave
B. shouldn't have left
C. couldn't have left
D. needn't leave
情态动词表推测的程度：
must
will
would
should
He ought to be a waiter.
can (not )
could
may
might
4) It's 7:30 now. He must be doing his homework.
5) -- There were already five people in the car but
they managed to take me as well.
-- It ____ a comfortable journey. ( 95 )
A. can't be
B. shouldn't be
C. mustn't have been
D. couldn't have been6) -- I stayed at a hotel while in New York.
-- Oh, did you? You ____ with Barbara. ( 98 )
A. could have stayed B. could stay
C. would stay D. must have stayed
7) -- Alice, why didn't you come yesterday?
-- I , but I had an unexpected visitor.
( 97 )
A. had B. would C. was going to D. did
类似的动词形式有：
would / should like ( love ) to have done =
would have like to，would rather have done
was / were going to do...
was / were expecting / looking forward to /
planning / arranging
had thought / wanted / hoped / supposed /
planned / meant / intended
was / were to have done
wanted / planned / meant / thought... 注意： cannot ... too / enough / sufficiently /
overdo的用法。
例如：
1) You can never be too careful.
2) It seems that people just cannot get enough of scary rides and exciting adventures. ( SEFCSB 1B Unit 22 “A world of fun” )
3) This point cannot be overemphasized.
表本来能做某事而未做的情态动词：
should / ought to / would / may / might /
needn't have done
例外的有：must have done, can。
对比：
☆ I had thought that Mary would come by but
she didn't.
☆ There was to have been a restaurant here on
the street, but they refused permission at
the last moment.E. 冠词 ( Article )
1) Jumping out of ____ airplane at te
thousand feet is quite ____ exciting
experience. ( 2002 )
A. 不填；the B. 不填；a
C. an； an D. the；the 对比:
-- Have you seen ____ pen? I left it here this
morning.
-- Is it ____ black one? I think I saw it
somewhere. ( 97 )
A. a；the B. the；the C. the；a D. a；a
2) The sign reads "In case of ____ fire, break the
glass and push ____ red button. ( 2003 )
A.不填；a B.不填；the；C. the；the D. a; a
F. 分词用法 ( The Participle )
1) ____ such heavy pollution already, it may
now be too late to clean up the river. ( 2001 )
A. having suffered B. Suffering
C. To suffer D. Suffered
对比：
___ the general state of his health, it may take
him a while to recover from the operation.
( 2000春考)
A. Given B. To give
C. Giving D. Having given
区别：
Given more attention, the trees could have
grown better.
2) European football is played in 80 countries,
____ it the most popular sport in the earth. ( 98 )
A. making B. makes C. made D. to makeG. 形容词/副词及倍数表示法 ( Adj., Adv. And Multiple )
Allen had to call a taxi because the box was ____ to carry all the way home.
(2003)
A. much too heavy B. too much heavy
C. heavy too much D. too heavy much
注意：fairly, quite, rather, pretty及very，much
等。a little, a bit, a lot, half, enough, too, far,
by far； deep---deeply， wide -widely，
high---highly， loud ---loudly， cheep ---
cheaply， safe ---safely； not/no a little /
small / slightly等。
2) I don‘t like the exhibition a little.
对比：
He was not a little satisfied with the result.
He was not a bit satisfied with the result.
3) He did it ____ it took me. A. one -third a time B. one -third time
C. the one -third time D. one -third the time倍数表示的基本形式:
倍数 /分数 / 百分数 + the + 表示“大小/ 多少 / 远近 / 轻重/时间等名词
倍数 + that/those of:
Tom’s age is two times that of Jerry’s. ( that of = as much as)
c. 倍数 + as ... as：
We have produced 4 times as many electric fans as we did last year.
d. 倍数 + adj. / adv. 比较级 + than ...：
The output of coal was 25% greater than in 1990.
4) How beautifully she sings! I have never heard ____.
A. the better voice B. a good voice
C. the best voice D. a better voice
对比：
Boris has brains. In fact, I doubt whether
anyone in the class has ____ IQ.
A. a high B. a higher
C. the higher D. the highestH. 动词等习语及辩异(Verb Phrases and Some Idioms )
1) News reports say peace talks between the two countries ____ with no agreement reached. ( 2003 )
A. have broken down B. have broken out
C. have broken in D. have broken up
2) The taxi driver often reminds passengers to ____ their belongings when they leave the car. ( 2002 )
A. keep B. catch C. hold D. take
I. 情景表达及其它
1) -- I think you should phone Jenny and
say sorry to her.
-- ____. It was her fault.
A. No way B. Not possible
C. No chance D. Not at all
2) Who will start the ball rolling? Jackie, will
you speak first?
3) The changes in the city will cost quite a lot,
____ they will save us money in the long run.
( 2000春 )
A. or B. since C. for D. but
对比：
Excuse me for breaking in, ____ I have some
news for you. ( 2002 )
A. so B. and C. but D. yet
Thank you!