名词性从句[上学期]
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第九章 名词从句
一、教学目标
通过本章学习要求学生掌握名词从句的句法意义, 名词从句包含哪些从句, 名词从句的引导词有哪些, 名词从句与主句的时态关系等。
二、教学重点及难点
名词从句的引导词, 各个引导词的意义, 引导名词从句的引导词与关系代词和副词的区别。
三、教学方法
Teacher
1．Now let's have a discussion on noun clauses. Do you know what noun clauses are
2． What function can a noun perform in a sentence
名词在句子中能起什么作用？
3．Yes. Noun clauses can work as a subject, object, predicative and appositive. So noun clauses include the subject clause, the object clause, the predicative clause and the appositive clause.
Can you think of any sentences
4．能说出名词从句的引导词吗？请你说出一些。
5．要想掌握这些引导词, 应当把这些词分类, 从意思、在句子中所占位置（句子成份）两个角度去考虑。第一类：无意思、无地位。如：that。第二类：有意思、无地位。如：if, whether。第三类：有意思、有地位。如：who, whose, whom, when, where, why, what, which, how, whoever。
6．我所指的“有意思”是指引导词本身的词义。如：who的意思是“谁”，whose的意思是“谁的”，这就叫作有意思；而that本身没有词义。
我所说的“有地位”是指引导词本身在从句中充当句子成份。如：that, if, whether这三个引导词在某些句子中不充当成份。而其他引导词充当成份。请分析下面几个句子：
A．That he will come to the discussion is certain.
B．That is why he came late.
C．The question is whether we can finish our work by tomorrow evening.
D．We haven't decided who will attend the meeting.
7．The two“that's” are different.这就要从它所占地位和意思上加以考虑了。引导名词从句的that无地位, 而引导定语从句的that必须在从句中占据地位。如：
I haven't returned the dictionary that I borrowed the other day.
这里that引导的为定语从句。that所代替的是dictionary, 它在从句中作borrow的宾语。
请判断下列句子中that引导的是什么从句。
A．It's known that the earth goes round the sun.
B．Have you read the newspaper that I gave you last week？
C．That is the best story that I've ever heard.
8．Now let's talk about noun clauses separately. First, would you please say something about the subject clause？
9．先看两个句子：
A． ____ wants to do the experiment comes to my office.
B． ____ will do the experiment is known to no one.
A句中应当填 Whoever, B句中填 Who。
A句的意思为：想去做实验的（人）请到我办公室。B句的意思为：谁将做实验没一个人知道。从意思上看, A句强调的是“人”, 而B句 who引导的从句强调的是“事”； whoever =anyone who。
请用 who或 whoever填空。
A． ____ caused the accident was very careless.
B． ____ caused the accident is a secret.
10．if不能引导主语从句, 因为if放在句首, 很容易与条件状语从句相混。所以, 用if 时, 由whether代替。
11．总体来讲, if和 whether意思相同, 但用法有区别。一是引导主语从句时只能用whether, 不用 if；二是与or not连用时, 只能用whether不能用if, 其他情况下它们之间就可以互换了。
12．引导词 what与 that有时很容易相混。其实what需做成份而that不做成份, what有词义（……的事（话））而 that没有词义。如：
A．What I like best is a book.
B．That I like the book best is known to everyone.
在A句中what作like的宾语, 它的意思为“……的东西”, 在B句中that不做成份, 它也没有词义。
为了区别what与that, 请填空练习 what 和 that。
A． ____ she looked after the old patient a whole year moves us all.
B． ____ puzzled the police specially was how the murderer died.
C．The reason why he hasn't come is ____ his mother is ill.
D． ____ I need is a good rest.
13．表语从句用在系动词之后, what, that, which, where, when, how, why, who, whom, whose都可以引导表语从句。与其他名词从句有所不同的是：as if也可以引导表语从句。如：
He looked as if he has won the first prize.
他看上去已经获得了一等奖。
Can you say anything more about the predicative clause
14．Now let's say something more about the object clause.有一个问题值得注意： that 引导宾语从句时, 可以省略。如：
I know （that） that will make him angry.
15．可以有一个先行词it作形式宾语, 真正的宾语由从句来充当。
如：I find it important that I should read English every day.
16．请你将名词从句总结一下。
Students
1．I think a noun clause is that a clause is used as a noun in a complex sentence.
2．名词在句子中可以做主语、表语、宾语、同位语等等。
名词从句是否也可以做这几种成分？
3．Yes, I can.
A．What you said is true.（主语从句）
B．The reason is that I didn't catch the bus.（表语从句）
C．I don't know whether he will come or not.（宾语从句）
D．Everyone knows the news that Chinese team has won the game.（同位语从句）
4．引导词有that, Whether, if, who, whom, whose, what, which, when, where, how, why。
掌握这些引导词只从引导词本身的意思考虑行吗？
5．什么叫有意思或有地位？
6．这样掌握名词从句很容易：A句that 引导的是主语从句, 从句的意思是“他将要来讨论”, 可以清楚地看出that没有表达任何意思。它在从句中也没有任何地位。he为主语, will come to the discussion为谓语部分。 B句中why引导的是表语从句, why意思为“为什么”, 它在句中作状语, why =for the reason, 引导词why既有意思, 也有地位。
C句whether引导的为表语从句, 它为“是否”的意思, 在句中没有成份。we作主语, can finish…为谓语, our work为宾语。所以whether只有意思, 而没有地位。
D句who引导的为宾语从句, who的意思是“谁”, 整句话的意思为“我们还没有决定谁将去参加会议”。引导词who在从句中作主语, who为既有意思又有地位的引导词。
Hi, sir, I have a question to ask you.“That” can introduce a noun clause and it also can introduce an attributive clause, is there any difference between them
7．A．that 引导的为名词从句, 因为that 在从句中既没有地位, 也没有任何词义。
B．that引导的为定语从句, that在从句中作gave的宾语。
C．第一个that为代词作主句的主语。第二个that为从句引导词, 它引导的是定语从句, that在从句中作heard的宾语。
8．主语从句在句子中作主语, 一般放在谓语动词之前。它必须有引导词引导, 绝对不能省掉引导词, 从句有时放在句尾, 句首用it作形式主语。如：
That he will come here is certain. 还可以说： It is certain that he will come.
whoever可以引导主语从句, 它与who 总混, 请您解释一下好吗？
9．A应当填Whoever。因为应当是“人”不细心, whoever = anyone who。
B句填Who。“谁引起事故”这件“事”是个秘密。谈到引导主语从句引导词问题, if能引导主语从句吗？
10．看来主语从句需要有两个值得注意的问题：一是主语从句位置；二是if不能引导主语从句。
if与whether引导名词从句时, 意义相同, 但if不能引导主语从句。其他名词从句是否可以随便互换呢？
11．Let me see. 下列各句中if与whether 可以互换：
A．I don't know if（whether） he can forgive me.
B．The question is whether（if） we have enough money.
以下各句中if不能使用：
A．Whether I can win the game depends on the weather.
B．I'm not sure whether I can do it or not.
12．A句填 That。从句中不缺任何成份, 意义完整, 所以填that。that只起引导作用, 全句的意思为：她照顾那位上了年纪的病人整整一年，这使我们大家非常感动。
B句填What。从句中缺主语只有加上what意义才完整。主语从句的意思为“使警察迷惑不解的事情”, what表示“……的事情”, 全句的意思是：使警察迷惑不解的是凶手是怎么死的。
C句填that。从句不缺成份, 也不缺意思。全句的意思为：他为什么没来是由于他妈妈病了。
D句填What, 从句中缺宾语。句意为我需要的东西是很好地休息一下。
13．我想表语从句还有一点是要注意的, 那就是应当记住两个句型：
A．The reason is that…
B．That is why （because）…
这里that和why （because） 引导的为表语从句。
例如：
The reason is that he didn't catch the bus.
理由是他没有赶上公共汽车。
That is why he came late.
那就是他晚的原因。
That is because he didn't catch the bus.
那是因为他没有赶上公共汽车。
14．宾语从句能否有一个先行宾语呢？
15．这时that就不能省略了吧！这时如果省略, 很容易造成误解。
16．我想学好宾语从句要从引导词入手。从引导词的词义和在从句中所占地位考虑。引导词中that既无词义又无地位； whether和 if 有词义, 无地位；其他引导词既有词义, 又有地位。
还有一点应注意：时态的一致性应遵循这样一个原则：当主句为一般现在时, 宾语从句时态没有限制, 可能选用任意时态；如果主句是过去时, 宾语从句要用过去时（过去将来时、过去完成时、一般过去时）。
四、精选题
单项选择：
1．----Do you remember he ____ came [ ]
---- Yes, I do, he came by car.
A．how B．when
C．that D．if
2．Dr. Black comes from either Oxford or Cambridge, I can't remember ____. [ ]
A．where B．there
C．which D．that
3．---- I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week. [ ]
---- Is that ____ you had a few days off
A．why B．when
C．what D．where
4．---- Hey, look where you are going [ ]
---- Oh, I'm terribly sorry ____ .
A．I'm not noticing
B．I wasn't noticing
C．I haven't noticing
D．I don't noticing
5．---- Have you found your book yet [ ]
---- No. I'm not sure ____ I should have left it.
A．whether B．where
C．when D．why
6．He often writes to us expressing his hope ____ he'll come to see when Macao returns to China. [ ]
A．which B．that
C．what D．whether
7．The meeting was Put off, ____ was exactly ____ we wanted. [ ]
A．it；that
B．as；that
C．which；what
D．this；what
8． ____ discovered America is well known. [ ]
A．That who B．Those who
C．Whoever D．Who
9． ____ is a good meal and a good rest. [ ]
A．That you really need
B．What are you really needed
C．What you really need
D．That you really needed
10． ____ was lying. [ ]
A．Those who told you that
B．Anyone told you
C．Whoever told you
D．Whoever told you that
11． ____ shall finish the work before May Day is possible. [ ]
A．What we B．That we
C．Because we D．We
12．Give it to ____ you think can do the work well. [ ]
A．who B．whoever
C．whomever D．those
13． George ____ he could improve his test scores, but he did not have enough time to study. [ ]
A．knew to B．knew how
C．knew that how D．knew how to
14． ____ was of little importance. [ ]
A．No matter he might pass the examination
B．Whether he passed the examination or not
C．Though he might pass the examination
D．He might pass the examination
15．The reason he has been such success ____ he never gives up. [ ]
A．is what B．is that
C．is because D．is
16．The problem ____ we can master modern science and technology in a short time. [ ]
A．it if B．is that
C．is what D．is how
17．This is one of the examples of ____ by telegraph. [ ]
A．how are message sent
B．that messages are sent
C．that are messages sent
D．how messages are sent
18．I have not found my bike yet; in fact, I'm not sure ____ I could have done with it. [ ]
A．whether B．where
C．how D．what
19．---- in this town [ ]
---- I think Mr Kim is the richest man.
A．Whom do you think is the richest man
B．Who do you think is the richest man
C．Do you think who is the richest man
D．Who you think is the richest man
20． ____ we'll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather. [ ]
A．If B．Whether
C．That D．Where
用引导词填空：
1．We could hardly understand ____ the man was talking about.
2．It is said ____ Mr Green has arrived in Beijing.
3．I don't know ____ he will come to see me.
4．I don't know ____ the train leaves.
5．The police questioned me ____ I had been.
6． ____ works with her can't get along well.
7．Do you know the reason ____ he came late
8．All the books are here. You may borrow ____ you like.
9． ____ she is living now is not known to anybody.
10．----Come and tell me ____ is the richest in the town.
---- I think Tom is.
答案：
单项选择：
1．A 答语中有he came by car 所以问句中问方式。
2．A 上文提到Oxford或Cambridge, 哪个地方不大清楚。
3．A 那就是请几天假的原因。
4．B 我刚才没注意。
5．B 我不肯定忘到什么地方了。
6．B that 引导同位语从句。
7．C which引导非限定性定语从句，what 引导表语从句。
8．D who引导主语从句。谁发现美洲（这件事）众所周知。
9．C 主语从句。
10．D 主语从句。告诉你那件事的任何人都在说谎。答案A主谓语数不一致。
11．B 主语从句中不缺任何成份, 所以由that引导。
12．B 给……（人）强调的是人, 从句中缺主语。
13．B 知道如何改进考分。
14．B whether 引导主语从句。
15．B reason 作主语, 表语用that引导。
16．D 问题是怎么样……
17．D
18．D what 作done的宾语。
19．B Do you think who is the richest man…
20．B if不能引导名词从句。
用引导词填空：
1．what 那个人正谈论什么。
2．that
3．whether （if） 我怀疑他是否将来看我。
4．when 火车什么时候开走。
5．where 警察审问我去哪儿了。
6．Whoever 无论谁与她一起工作都不会相处好。
7．Why
8．whichever 你可以借任意一本。
9．where 她现在住在哪儿……
10．who
一、教学目标
通过本章学习要求学生掌握名词从句的句法意义, 名词从句包含哪些从句, 名词从句的引导词有哪些, 名词从句与主句的时态关系等。
二、教学重点及难点
名词从句的引导词, 各个引导词的意义, 引导名词从句的引导词与关系代词和副词的区别。
三、教学方法
Teacher
1．Now let's have a discussion on noun clauses. Do you know what noun clauses are
2． What function can a noun perform in a sentence
名词在句子中能起什么作用？
3．Yes. Noun clauses can work as a subject, object, predicative and appositive. So noun clauses include the subject clause, the object clause, the predicative clause and the appositive clause.
Can you think of any sentences
4．能说出名词从句的引导词吗？请你说出一些。
5．要想掌握这些引导词, 应当把这些词分类, 从意思、在句子中所占位置（句子成份）两个角度去考虑。第一类：无意思、无地位。如：that。第二类：有意思、无地位。如：if, whether。第三类：有意思、有地位。如：who, whose, whom, when, where, why, what, which, how, whoever。
6．我所指的“有意思”是指引导词本身的词义。如：who的意思是“谁”，whose的意思是“谁的”，这就叫作有意思；而that本身没有词义。
我所说的“有地位”是指引导词本身在从句中充当句子成份。如：that, if, whether这三个引导词在某些句子中不充当成份。而其他引导词充当成份。请分析下面几个句子：
A．That he will come to the discussion is certain.
B．That is why he came late.
C．The question is whether we can finish our work by tomorrow evening.
D．We haven't decided who will attend the meeting.
7．The two“that's” are different.这就要从它所占地位和意思上加以考虑了。引导名词从句的that无地位, 而引导定语从句的that必须在从句中占据地位。如：
I haven't returned the dictionary that I borrowed the other day.
这里that引导的为定语从句。that所代替的是dictionary, 它在从句中作borrow的宾语。
请判断下列句子中that引导的是什么从句。
A．It's known that the earth goes round the sun.
B．Have you read the newspaper that I gave you last week？
C．That is the best story that I've ever heard.
8．Now let's talk about noun clauses separately. First, would you please say something about the subject clause？
9．先看两个句子：
A． ____ wants to do the experiment comes to my office.
B． ____ will do the experiment is known to no one.
A句中应当填 Whoever, B句中填 Who。
A句的意思为：想去做实验的（人）请到我办公室。B句的意思为：谁将做实验没一个人知道。从意思上看, A句强调的是“人”, 而B句 who引导的从句强调的是“事”； whoever =anyone who。
请用 who或 whoever填空。
A． ____ caused the accident was very careless.
B． ____ caused the accident is a secret.
10．if不能引导主语从句, 因为if放在句首, 很容易与条件状语从句相混。所以, 用if 时, 由whether代替。
11．总体来讲, if和 whether意思相同, 但用法有区别。一是引导主语从句时只能用whether, 不用 if；二是与or not连用时, 只能用whether不能用if, 其他情况下它们之间就可以互换了。
12．引导词 what与 that有时很容易相混。其实what需做成份而that不做成份, what有词义（……的事（话））而 that没有词义。如：
A．What I like best is a book.
B．That I like the book best is known to everyone.
在A句中what作like的宾语, 它的意思为“……的东西”, 在B句中that不做成份, 它也没有词义。
为了区别what与that, 请填空练习 what 和 that。
A． ____ she looked after the old patient a whole year moves us all.
B． ____ puzzled the police specially was how the murderer died.
C．The reason why he hasn't come is ____ his mother is ill.
D． ____ I need is a good rest.
13．表语从句用在系动词之后, what, that, which, where, when, how, why, who, whom, whose都可以引导表语从句。与其他名词从句有所不同的是：as if也可以引导表语从句。如：
He looked as if he has won the first prize.
他看上去已经获得了一等奖。
Can you say anything more about the predicative clause
14．Now let's say something more about the object clause.有一个问题值得注意： that 引导宾语从句时, 可以省略。如：
I know （that） that will make him angry.
15．可以有一个先行词it作形式宾语, 真正的宾语由从句来充当。
如：I find it important that I should read English every day.
16．请你将名词从句总结一下。
Students
1．I think a noun clause is that a clause is used as a noun in a complex sentence.
2．名词在句子中可以做主语、表语、宾语、同位语等等。
名词从句是否也可以做这几种成分？
3．Yes, I can.
A．What you said is true.（主语从句）
B．The reason is that I didn't catch the bus.（表语从句）
C．I don't know whether he will come or not.（宾语从句）
D．Everyone knows the news that Chinese team has won the game.（同位语从句）
4．引导词有that, Whether, if, who, whom, whose, what, which, when, where, how, why。
掌握这些引导词只从引导词本身的意思考虑行吗？
5．什么叫有意思或有地位？
6．这样掌握名词从句很容易：A句that 引导的是主语从句, 从句的意思是“他将要来讨论”, 可以清楚地看出that没有表达任何意思。它在从句中也没有任何地位。he为主语, will come to the discussion为谓语部分。 B句中why引导的是表语从句, why意思为“为什么”, 它在句中作状语, why =for the reason, 引导词why既有意思, 也有地位。
C句whether引导的为表语从句, 它为“是否”的意思, 在句中没有成份。we作主语, can finish…为谓语, our work为宾语。所以whether只有意思, 而没有地位。
D句who引导的为宾语从句, who的意思是“谁”, 整句话的意思为“我们还没有决定谁将去参加会议”。引导词who在从句中作主语, who为既有意思又有地位的引导词。
Hi, sir, I have a question to ask you.“That” can introduce a noun clause and it also can introduce an attributive clause, is there any difference between them
7．A．that 引导的为名词从句, 因为that 在从句中既没有地位, 也没有任何词义。
B．that引导的为定语从句, that在从句中作gave的宾语。
C．第一个that为代词作主句的主语。第二个that为从句引导词, 它引导的是定语从句, that在从句中作heard的宾语。
8．主语从句在句子中作主语, 一般放在谓语动词之前。它必须有引导词引导, 绝对不能省掉引导词, 从句有时放在句尾, 句首用it作形式主语。如：
That he will come here is certain. 还可以说： It is certain that he will come.
whoever可以引导主语从句, 它与who 总混, 请您解释一下好吗？
9．A应当填Whoever。因为应当是“人”不细心, whoever = anyone who。
B句填Who。“谁引起事故”这件“事”是个秘密。谈到引导主语从句引导词问题, if能引导主语从句吗？
10．看来主语从句需要有两个值得注意的问题：一是主语从句位置；二是if不能引导主语从句。
if与whether引导名词从句时, 意义相同, 但if不能引导主语从句。其他名词从句是否可以随便互换呢？
11．Let me see. 下列各句中if与whether 可以互换：
A．I don't know if（whether） he can forgive me.
B．The question is whether（if） we have enough money.
以下各句中if不能使用：
A．Whether I can win the game depends on the weather.
B．I'm not sure whether I can do it or not.
12．A句填 That。从句中不缺任何成份, 意义完整, 所以填that。that只起引导作用, 全句的意思为：她照顾那位上了年纪的病人整整一年，这使我们大家非常感动。
B句填What。从句中缺主语只有加上what意义才完整。主语从句的意思为“使警察迷惑不解的事情”, what表示“……的事情”, 全句的意思是：使警察迷惑不解的是凶手是怎么死的。
C句填that。从句不缺成份, 也不缺意思。全句的意思为：他为什么没来是由于他妈妈病了。
D句填What, 从句中缺宾语。句意为我需要的东西是很好地休息一下。
13．我想表语从句还有一点是要注意的, 那就是应当记住两个句型：
A．The reason is that…
B．That is why （because）…
这里that和why （because） 引导的为表语从句。
例如：
The reason is that he didn't catch the bus.
理由是他没有赶上公共汽车。
That is why he came late.
那就是他晚的原因。
That is because he didn't catch the bus.
那是因为他没有赶上公共汽车。
14．宾语从句能否有一个先行宾语呢？
15．这时that就不能省略了吧！这时如果省略, 很容易造成误解。
16．我想学好宾语从句要从引导词入手。从引导词的词义和在从句中所占地位考虑。引导词中that既无词义又无地位； whether和 if 有词义, 无地位；其他引导词既有词义, 又有地位。
还有一点应注意：时态的一致性应遵循这样一个原则：当主句为一般现在时, 宾语从句时态没有限制, 可能选用任意时态；如果主句是过去时, 宾语从句要用过去时（过去将来时、过去完成时、一般过去时）。
四、精选题
单项选择：
1．----Do you remember he ____ came [ ]
---- Yes, I do, he came by car.
A．how B．when
C．that D．if
2．Dr. Black comes from either Oxford or Cambridge, I can't remember ____. [ ]
A．where B．there
C．which D．that
3．---- I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week. [ ]
---- Is that ____ you had a few days off
A．why B．when
C．what D．where
4．---- Hey, look where you are going [ ]
---- Oh, I'm terribly sorry ____ .
A．I'm not noticing
B．I wasn't noticing
C．I haven't noticing
D．I don't noticing
5．---- Have you found your book yet [ ]
---- No. I'm not sure ____ I should have left it.
A．whether B．where
C．when D．why
6．He often writes to us expressing his hope ____ he'll come to see when Macao returns to China. [ ]
A．which B．that
C．what D．whether
7．The meeting was Put off, ____ was exactly ____ we wanted. [ ]
A．it；that
B．as；that
C．which；what
D．this；what
8． ____ discovered America is well known. [ ]
A．That who B．Those who
C．Whoever D．Who
9． ____ is a good meal and a good rest. [ ]
A．That you really need
B．What are you really needed
C．What you really need
D．That you really needed
10． ____ was lying. [ ]
A．Those who told you that
B．Anyone told you
C．Whoever told you
D．Whoever told you that
11． ____ shall finish the work before May Day is possible. [ ]
A．What we B．That we
C．Because we D．We
12．Give it to ____ you think can do the work well. [ ]
A．who B．whoever
C．whomever D．those
13． George ____ he could improve his test scores, but he did not have enough time to study. [ ]
A．knew to B．knew how
C．knew that how D．knew how to
14． ____ was of little importance. [ ]
A．No matter he might pass the examination
B．Whether he passed the examination or not
C．Though he might pass the examination
D．He might pass the examination
15．The reason he has been such success ____ he never gives up. [ ]
A．is what B．is that
C．is because D．is
16．The problem ____ we can master modern science and technology in a short time. [ ]
A．it if B．is that
C．is what D．is how
17．This is one of the examples of ____ by telegraph. [ ]
A．how are message sent
B．that messages are sent
C．that are messages sent
D．how messages are sent
18．I have not found my bike yet; in fact, I'm not sure ____ I could have done with it. [ ]
A．whether B．where
C．how D．what
19．---- in this town [ ]
---- I think Mr Kim is the richest man.
A．Whom do you think is the richest man
B．Who do you think is the richest man
C．Do you think who is the richest man
D．Who you think is the richest man
20． ____ we'll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather. [ ]
A．If B．Whether
C．That D．Where
用引导词填空：
1．We could hardly understand ____ the man was talking about.
2．It is said ____ Mr Green has arrived in Beijing.
3．I don't know ____ he will come to see me.
4．I don't know ____ the train leaves.
5．The police questioned me ____ I had been.
6． ____ works with her can't get along well.
7．Do you know the reason ____ he came late
8．All the books are here. You may borrow ____ you like.
9． ____ she is living now is not known to anybody.
10．----Come and tell me ____ is the richest in the town.
---- I think Tom is.
答案：
单项选择：
1．A 答语中有he came by car 所以问句中问方式。
2．A 上文提到Oxford或Cambridge, 哪个地方不大清楚。
3．A 那就是请几天假的原因。
4．B 我刚才没注意。
5．B 我不肯定忘到什么地方了。
6．B that 引导同位语从句。
7．C which引导非限定性定语从句，what 引导表语从句。
8．D who引导主语从句。谁发现美洲（这件事）众所周知。
9．C 主语从句。
10．D 主语从句。告诉你那件事的任何人都在说谎。答案A主谓语数不一致。
11．B 主语从句中不缺任何成份, 所以由that引导。
12．B 给……（人）强调的是人, 从句中缺主语。
13．B 知道如何改进考分。
14．B whether 引导主语从句。
15．B reason 作主语, 表语用that引导。
16．D 问题是怎么样……
17．D
18．D what 作done的宾语。
19．B Do you think who is the richest man…
20．B if不能引导名词从句。
用引导词填空：
1．what 那个人正谈论什么。
2．that
3．whether （if） 我怀疑他是否将来看我。
4．when 火车什么时候开走。
5．where 警察审问我去哪儿了。
6．Whoever 无论谁与她一起工作都不会相处好。
7．Why
8．whichever 你可以借任意一本。
9．where 她现在住在哪儿……
10．who