名词性从句[上学期]
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名词性从句
〈一〉that用法：
名词性从句中使用的连词that本身不作句子成分，也没有具体的含义，它仅起引导从句的作用。that的主要用法如下：
（1）that引导主语从句，that引导的主语从句不放在句首时，用it来代替
That he is putting on weight makes her worried.
→ It makes her worried that he is putting on weight.
注意that与what的区别。
that在句中不充当成分，没有含义。 That we need more time is clear.
what在句中充当成分，有具体的含义。What we need is more time.
练习：
1. ________ can’t be got always seems better than ________we have got.
2. ________ his hair turned gray made him sad.
（2）that引导表语从句。that引导表语从句时不能省略。
The problem is that smokers can’t go without smoking.
（3）that引导同位语从句。同位语从句，往往放在有具体含义的某些名词后面，表示名词的具体内容，说明名词的含义。有具体含义的某些名词有：news, thought, suggestion, truth, plan, belief, doubt, information, possibility, answer, word, idea等。
The idea that the earth is round is not a new one.
There is no doubt that he is a learned man.
注意that引导的同位语从句和定语从句的区别。
I’ve got the news that the film star will come to our college.（同位语从句）
I can’t believe the news that I’ve just got.（宾语从句）
试区分下列句子：
She expressed the hope that I had expressed.
She expressed the hope that we could come again.
（4）引导宾语从句时可省略。
I didn’t know (that) you were in Beijing.
注意下列that 不可省的情况：
当that从句和主句谓语动词之间有插入语或者从句主语之间有插入语时，that不可省.
eg: He announced, believe it or not, that he would never forgive me.
He judged that, because she was a woman, she did not understand wine.
当that从句与另一名词性从句并列做宾语时，that不可省。
Everyone could see what was happening and that she was really worried.
当that作介词宾语时，that不可省。
The reason lies in that he works harder than anyone else does.
〈二〉名词性从句其他要注意的点：
①名词性从一律用陈述句语序。
例：How he got so much money was unknown.
Practice:
1、你能告诉我这本字典属于谁吗？
2、这个会议什么时候召开还没有决定。
②在宾语从句中，主语的谓语动词用过去时态时，从句的谓语动词则根据语境用过去时间的某种时态。
He thought the boy was honest.
I told him his brother was coming (would come).
译：我们当时不知道他们是否已经完成了工作。
注意：当从句说的内容是一般真理或客观事实时，从句谓语动词仍用一般现在时。
The mother told her little daughter that the earth moves around the sun.
译：（1）他告诉我去北京的火车十点钟开车。
（2）有人告诉我说你是个老师。
③当主句的动词是think ,believe ,suppose ,expect时，宾语从句的否定要前移
I don’t think she is right. 译：我认为她不会按时到达。
④主语从句，表语从句中只能用whether不用if
The question is whether it is worth doing .
⑤ whether和 if 在宾语从句中可以互换，但作介词宾语一般用whether.
It depends on whether you want to do it or not.
⑥whoever ,whatever ,whomever, whichever, whoseever引导名词性从句时，这词具有复合功能。
Eg: 1)Whoever leaves the classroom should turn off the lights. Whoever = anyone who
2) Return the book to whosever name is on it. Whosever = anyone whose
Practice :1．你可以想干啥就干啥。
2．无论是谁违反法律都应受到惩罚。
3.Take whichever seat you like.
4.You may invite whomever you like.
〈一〉that用法：
名词性从句中使用的连词that本身不作句子成分，也没有具体的含义，它仅起引导从句的作用。that的主要用法如下：
（1）that引导主语从句，that引导的主语从句不放在句首时，用it来代替
That he is putting on weight makes her worried.
→ It makes her worried that he is putting on weight.
注意that与what的区别。
that在句中不充当成分，没有含义。 That we need more time is clear.
what在句中充当成分，有具体的含义。What we need is more time.
练习：
1. ________ can’t be got always seems better than ________we have got.
2. ________ his hair turned gray made him sad.
（2）that引导表语从句。that引导表语从句时不能省略。
The problem is that smokers can’t go without smoking.
（3）that引导同位语从句。同位语从句，往往放在有具体含义的某些名词后面，表示名词的具体内容，说明名词的含义。有具体含义的某些名词有：news, thought, suggestion, truth, plan, belief, doubt, information, possibility, answer, word, idea等。
The idea that the earth is round is not a new one.
There is no doubt that he is a learned man.
注意that引导的同位语从句和定语从句的区别。
I’ve got the news that the film star will come to our college.（同位语从句）
I can’t believe the news that I’ve just got.（宾语从句）
试区分下列句子：
She expressed the hope that I had expressed.
She expressed the hope that we could come again.
（4）引导宾语从句时可省略。
I didn’t know (that) you were in Beijing.
注意下列that 不可省的情况：
当that从句和主句谓语动词之间有插入语或者从句主语之间有插入语时，that不可省.
eg: He announced, believe it or not, that he would never forgive me.
He judged that, because she was a woman, she did not understand wine.
当that从句与另一名词性从句并列做宾语时，that不可省。
Everyone could see what was happening and that she was really worried.
当that作介词宾语时，that不可省。
The reason lies in that he works harder than anyone else does.
〈二〉名词性从句其他要注意的点：
①名词性从一律用陈述句语序。
例：How he got so much money was unknown.
Practice:
1、你能告诉我这本字典属于谁吗？
2、这个会议什么时候召开还没有决定。
②在宾语从句中，主语的谓语动词用过去时态时，从句的谓语动词则根据语境用过去时间的某种时态。
He thought the boy was honest.
I told him his brother was coming (would come).
译：我们当时不知道他们是否已经完成了工作。
注意：当从句说的内容是一般真理或客观事实时，从句谓语动词仍用一般现在时。
The mother told her little daughter that the earth moves around the sun.
译：（1）他告诉我去北京的火车十点钟开车。
（2）有人告诉我说你是个老师。
③当主句的动词是think ,believe ,suppose ,expect时，宾语从句的否定要前移
I don’t think she is right. 译：我认为她不会按时到达。
④主语从句，表语从句中只能用whether不用if
The question is whether it is worth doing .
⑤ whether和 if 在宾语从句中可以互换，但作介词宾语一般用whether.
It depends on whether you want to do it or not.
⑥whoever ,whatever ,whomever, whichever, whoseever引导名词性从句时，这词具有复合功能。
Eg: 1)Whoever leaves the classroom should turn off the lights. Whoever = anyone who
2) Return the book to whosever name is on it. Whosever = anyone whose
Practice :1．你可以想干啥就干啥。
2．无论是谁违反法律都应受到惩罚。
3.Take whichever seat you like.
4.You may invite whomever you like.