课件54张PPT。06年高考语法复习系列状 语 从 句状语从句考点
历年来主要考察时间状语从句、地点状语从句、让步状语从句和目的状语从句引导词的选择。2006年高考题组1.(全国II,13.)we thought there were 35 students in the dining hall, _______,in fact, there were 40.
while B. whether C. what D. which
2.(全国I,28)_____he has limited technical knowledge, the old worker has a lot of experience.
A. Since B. Unless C. As D. AlthoughAD3.(北京,33)______You’ve tried it, you can’t imagine how pleasant it is.
Unless B. Because C. Although D. When
4. (天津,2)If you are traveling ______the customs are really foreign to your own, please do as the Romans do.
A. In which B. what C. when D. where
5.(重庆,23)In time of serious accidents, _____we know some basic things abut first aid, we can save lives.
A. whether B. until C. if D. unlessADC6.(广东,26)Jenny was very sad over the loss of the photos she had shot at Canada, ___this was a memory she especially treasured.
As B. if C. when D. where
7.(广东,31)”You can’t have this football back____ you promise not to kick it at my cat again,” the old man said firmly.
Because B. since C. when D. where
AD8.(湖南,23)I had just stepped out of the bathroom and was busily frying myself with a towel ____I heard the steps.
while B. when C. since D. after
9.(江西,27) In peace, too, the Red Cross is expected to send help____ there is human suffering.
whoever B. however C. Whatever D. wherever
10.(福建,25.)----How long do you think it will be ____ China sends a manned spaceship to the moon.
-----Perhaps two or three years.
A. When B. Until C. that D. beforeBDD11.(四川,23.)----Mon, what did your doctor say?
-----He advised me to live____ the air is fresher.
in where B. in which
C. the place where D. where
12. .(四川,35)----Why didn’t you tell him about the meeting?
----He rushed out of the room _____I could say a word.
A. before B. until C. when D. afterDA13.(浙江,2)We didn’t keep winning games ____we keep playing well.
Because B. unless C. when D. while
14.(江苏,31) _____ environmental damage is done , it takes many years for the ecosystem to recover.
Even if B. If only C. While D. Once
15.(陕西,9)His plan was such a good one____ we all agreed to accept it.
A. So B. and C. that D. asBDC16. .(陕西,20)This is a very interesting book. I’ll buy it,________.
A. How much may it cost
B. No matter how it may cost
C. However much it may cost
D. How may it costC17.(山东,31)How can you expect to learn anything_____ you never listen?
in case B. even if C. unless D. when
18.(辽宁,24)He was about halfway through his meal____ a familiar voice came to his ears.
why B. where C. when D. while
DC(一)时间状语从句
表示时间的状语从句可由when, as, while, whenever, after, before, till (until), since, once, as soon as (或the moment ), by the time, no sooner … than, hardly (scarcely) … when, every
time等引导。
e.g. When I came into the office, the teachers were having a meeting.
He started as soon as he received the news.
Once you see him, you will never forget him.
No sooner had I gone to bed than I went to sleep.1、时间状语从句
问题1: Don’t be afraid of asking for help it is needed. (03全国卷)
A.unless B.since C.although D.when
D根据句意,此处只能为时间状语从句,故答案为D。unless 引导条件状语从句,意为“除非”although 引导让步状语从句,意为“虽然”;since 虽引导时间状语从句,但意思为“从…以来”,这些都与题意无关。引导时间状语的引导词很多,复习when 时要注意比较它与while 与 as 的区别。
when, while, as 三者的具体用法关键在于动作发生的时间及从句的动词。while 表时间,从句需用延续性动词,不用瞬间动词;when 表时间,从句既可用延续性动词,又可以用瞬间动词;as 表时间,与when 相似,但侧重强调主、从句动作同点或同段进行,可用延续行动词的一般过去式表式过去进行时。when, while 后还可以接分词短语。when 作并列连词,表示一个动作在发生时,另一个动作接着发生,这时就不能用while、as。I was walking on the street when suddenly someone patted me on the shoulder. while 作并列连词,表示两种情况对比。 He was playing the guitar while his sister was watching TV. 问题2:1) — Was his father very strict with him when he was at school?
— Yes. He had never praised him he became one of the top students in his grade. (03北京春季)
A.after B.unless C.until D.When
2) Simon thought his computer was broken ________ his little brother pointed out that he had forgotten to turn it on.
(05北京春季)
A. until B. unless C. after D. because CAuntil / till “直到……止”(肯定句,主句是延续性动词);
not…until “直到……才”(否定句,主句是终止性动词);
until 可用于倒装句和强调句,till不用于句首。
Not until I returned did she finish her homework.
It was not until I returned home that she finished her homework.问题3:1、The American Civil War lasted four years ______ the North won in the end. (05广东卷)
A. after B. before C. when D. then
2、He made a mistake, but then he corrected the situation _____ it got worse. (03北京)
A. until B. when C. before D. as
BCbefore 从句是高考中的一大热点,从时间概念上不难作出判断。注意它的翻译:在肯定句中一般翻译成“…(主句的动作)才…(从句的动作)”,如题1;或“还没有…(从句的动作)就…(主句的动作)”,如题2。问题4: — Did you remember to give Mary the money you owed her?
— Yes, I gave it to her _______ I saw her. (01北京春季)
A.while B.the moment C.suddenly D.onceBthe time(当……的时刻), the moment / minute / second / instant (一… 就… ), next time (下次), the first time(第一次…的时候), the last time (上次…的时候),immediately(一…就…), instantly(一…就…), directly(一…就…)等词或词组可引导表示时间的状语从句;还有一些表示习惯性动作的词如:every time(每次), each time(每次), whenever(每当)等也可引导表示时间的状语从句。(二)条件状语从句条件状语从句分真实性(有可能实现的事情)与非真实性(条件与事实相反或者在说话者看来不大可能实现的事情)条件句。引导条件状语从句的词(组)主要有if, unless, so (as) long as, on condition that, so (as) far as, if only ( = if )。注意:条件从句中的if 不能用whether替换。e.g. If he is not in the office, he must be out for lunch.
You may borrow the book so long as you keep it clean.
So far as I know(据我所知), he will be away for three months.
You can go swimming on condition that ( = if ) you don’t go too far away from the river bank.
If he had come a few minutes earlier, he could have seen her.问题1:
1、The WTO cannot live up to its name ____ it does not include a country that is home to one fifth of mankind. (2000全国)
A.as long as B.while
C.if D.even though
2、 It is known to all that _____ you exercise regularly, you won’t keep good health. (05重庆卷)
A. unless B. whenever
C. although D. if CAunless 相当于 if not,意思是“除非…”“如果不…就…”。这也是高考的热点之一。复习时也应给予高度重视。问题2:
1、_____ I can see, there is only one possible way to keep away from the danger. (04北京春季)
A. As long as B. As far as
C. Just as D. Even if
2、I always take something to read when I go to the doctor’s ________ I have to wait. (05全国卷3)
A.in case B.so that
C.in order D.as if BAas long as 与 as far as 都可引导条件状语从句,as long as 表示“只要…”,as far as 表示“就…而论(而言)”。题1根据题意应该选用B。in case 表示“以防”,根据题2的句意,不难作出选择。(三)让步状语从句
让步状语从句可由although, though, as, even if (though), however, whatever, whether … or, no matter who (when, what, …) 等引导。注意:as引导的让步状语从句一般是倒装的。
e.g. Though he is a child, he knows a lot.
Child as he is, he knows a lot.
Whatever ( = No matter what ) you say, I’ll never change my mind.3、让步状语从句
问题1:
1、 _____ I accept that he is not perfect, I do actually like the
person. (04江苏)
A. While B. Since C. Before D. Unless
2、Allow children the space to voice their opinions, ____they are different from your own. (05湖南卷)(B)
A. until B. even if C. unless D. as though ABwhile 是高考中的高频词,它既可引导时间状语从句,又可引导并列句,还可引导让步状语从句,表示“尽管”。even if 等于 even though,表示“即使、尽管”。as though 等于 as if,引导方式状语从句,表示“好像、似乎”。问题2:
1、 He tried his best to solve the problem, ___ difficult it was.
(05天津卷)
A. however B. no matter C. whatever D although
2、The old tower must be saved, ______the cost. (05浙江)
A.however B.whatever C.whichever D.wherever
ABno matter wh- 与 wh-ever 的联系及区别:
no matter wh- 只引导让步状语从句,此时与 wh-ever通用。
如: No matter when / Whenever he comes back, he should be invited to the party.
wh-ever又可引导名词性从句, No matter wh-不能。如:
Whatever I can do for you will be nothing but paying a debt. Whoever can help us will be welcome (四)原因状语从句
原因状语从句是表示原因或理由的,引导这类从句的最常用的连词是because, since, as , now that(既然)等,for 表示因果关系时(它引导的不是从句)为并列连词,语气不如because强。
e.g. He is disappointed because he didn't get the position.
As it is raining, I will not go out.
Now that you mention it, I do remember.(五).地点状语从句
引导地点状语从句的连词是where 和wherever等。
e.g. Sit wherever you like.
Make a mark where you have a question.区分由where引导的从句
You are to find it where you lift it.
Tell me the place where he lives.
I don’t know where he came from.
Where he has gone id not known yet.
This place is where they once hid.状语从句定语从句
宾语从句主语从句表语从句(六)目的状语从句
引导目的状语从句最常用的词(组)是so, so that(从句谓语常有情态动词), in order that, in case(以防,以免)等。
e.g. Speak clearly, so that they may understand you.
She has bought the book in order that she could follow the TV lessons.
He left early in case he should miss the train.(七)结果状语从句
结果状语从句是表示事态结果的从句,通常主句是原因,从句是结果。由so that (从句谓语一般没有情态动词), so … that, such … that等引导。
e.g. She was ill, so that she didn’t attend the meeting.
He was so excited that he could not say a word.
She is such a good teacher that everyone admires her.(八)方式状语从句
方式状语从句常由as, as if (though), the way, rather than等引导。
e.g. You must do the exercise as I show you.
He acted as if nothing had happened.(九)比较状语从句
比较状语从句常用than, so (as) … as, the more … the more等引导。
e.g. I have made a lot more mistakes than you have.
He smokes cigarettes as expensive as he can afford.
The busier he is, the happier he feels.状语从句要注意的几点:
1.在“时间、条件、让步”三种状语从句中,用一般现在时表示一般将来时,用现在完成时表将来完成时,用一般过去时表过去将来时。在 since 引导的时间状语从句中,动词一般都用一般过去时,而主句常用现在完成时。
1、The house could fall down soon if no one______ some quick repair work. (04全国IV)
A has done B is doing C does D had done
2、It is almost five years _______ we saw each other last time. (05北京春季)
A. before B. since C. after D. when
CB2.状语从句的省略
1) 当从句的主语与主句的主语相同,从句的谓语有be,可省去主语与动词be.
2)当从句是it is +表语时,it is 可省去While (I was) at college, I began to know him, a strange but able student.
He opened the desk, as if (he was) in search of something important.
If (it is) possible, I should like to have two copies of it.New ideas sometimes have to wait for years before_____.
being fully accepted
having fully accepted
C. fully accepted
D. fully acceptA3.状语从句的倒装问题 状语从句的倒装一般有下面几种情况:① 否定词开头;
② so 加 adj. 开头;③ as / though引导的让步状语从句。1、So difficult _____ it to live in an English-speaking country that I determined to learn English. (01 上海)
A. I have felt B. have I felt
C. I did feel D. did I feel
2、Not until all the fish died in the river, _____ how serious the pollution was. (95 NMET)
A. did the villagers realize
B. the villagers realized
C. the villagers did realize
D. didn’t the villagers realize
DA02-05年高考题组1.John shut everybody out of the kitchen ____ he could prepare his grand surprise for the party.
which B. when C. so that D. as if
2.Don’t be afraid of asking for help _____ it is needed.
A. unless B. since C. although D. when3.Roses need special care _____ they can live through winter.
Because B. so that C. even if D.as
4.They wanted to charge $5,000 for the car, ____ we managed to bring the price down.
A. but B.so C.when D.since5.---What would you do if it _____ tomorrow?
----We have to carry it on, since we’ve got everything ready.
A.rain B.rains C.will rain D.is raining
6.I always take something to read when I go to the doctor’s ____ I have to wait.
A.in case B.so that C.in order D.as if7.It is almost five years_____ we saw each other last time.
A.before B.since C.after D.when
8.Simon thought his computer was broke ___his little bother pointed out that he had forgotten to turn it on.
A.until B.unless C.after D.because9.I’m like to arrive 20 minutes early____I can have time for a cup of tea.
A.as soon as B.as a result C.in case D.so that
10.He tried his best to solve the problem, _____ difficult it was.
A.however B.no matter
C.whatever D.although11.A god storyteller must be able to hold his listeners’ curiosity____ he reaches the end of the story.
when B.unless. C.after D.unhill
12. He never thought that his success came____ he least wanted it.
A.while B.when C.until D.since13.Food shortage will long be a worldwide problem____ much has been done to supply enough for everyone.
before B. if C. since D. although
14.----Do you think we can et there on time?
-----Yes, ____the car doesn’t break down.
A. if only B.even if C.in case D.so long as15.It was some time later _____ we realized the truth.
until B.before C.that D.since
16.How can they learn much ___they spend so much time hanging about?
although B.when C. what D.before
17.Lucy, the boy was frightened by the terrible noise from the next room. take him ____ it’s quiet, I think.
A.when B.where C.what D.beforeGood-bye!