状语从句[下学期]
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课件17张PPT。语法 副词性从句（状语从句）
状语从句主要用来修饰主句或主句的谓语。一般可分为九大类，分别表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、让步、比较和方式。尽管种类较多，但由于状语从句与汉语结构和用法相似，所以理解和掌握它并不难。状语从句的关键是要掌握引导不同状语从句的常用连接词和特殊的连接词即考点。
现分别列举如下:
1． 时间状语从句
常用引导词：
特殊引导词：
I didn’t realize how special my mother was until I became an adult.
While John was watching TV, his wife was cooking.
The children ran away from the orchard(果园) the moment they saw the guard.
No sooner had I arrived home than it began to rain.
Every time I listen to your advice, I get into trouble.
when, as, while, as soon as, before, after, since , till, untilthe minute, the moment, the second, every time, the instant, immediately , directly, no sooner … than, hardly …when, scarcely … when2． 地点状语从句
常用引导词：
特殊引导词：We can go anywhere you like.Everywhere they went, the guests were warmly welcomed.where
wherever, anywhere, everywhere
Generally, air will be heavily polluted where there are factories.
Wherever you go, you should work hard.
3． 原因状语从句
常用引导词：
特殊引导词：
My friends dislike me because I’m handsome and successful.
Now that everybody has come, let’s begin our conference.
The higher income tax is harmful in that it may discourage people from trying to earn more.
Considering that he is no more than 12 years old, his height of 1.80 m is quite remarkable.
because, since, as, sinceseeing that（由于）, now that, in that(由于，因为，既然）, considering that（prep., conj.就…而论； 照…来看；考虑到), given that, in as much as（由于，既然）, in so much as。4． 目的状语从句
常用引导词：
特殊引导词：The boss asked the secretary to hurry up with the letters so that he could sign them.
The teacher raised his voice on purpose that the students in the back could hear more clearly.
I obeyed her lest she should be angry.我得顺着她，免得她生气。so that, in order that
lest, in case, for fear that，in the hope that, for the purpose that,5． 结果状语从句 常用引导词：
特殊引导词：He got up so early that he caught the first bus.
It’s such a good chance that we must not miss it.
To such a degree was he excited that he couldn’t sleep last night.
so,such如何用？so … that, such … thatsuch that, to the degree that, to the extent that, to such a degree thatso foolish such a fool
so nice a flower
such a nice flower
such nice flowers
so much / little money
so many / few flowersSuch 与no ,some,one,other etc连用，such的位置？6． 条件状语从句 常用引导词：
特殊引导词：We’ll start our project if the president agrees.
You will certainly succeed so long as you keep on trying.
Provided that there is no opposition, we shall hold the meeting here. if, unless,as/so long as, only if, providing/provided that, suppose that, in case that, on condition that
7． 让步状语从句
常用引导词：
特殊引导词：
though, although, even if, even thoughas(用在让步状语从句中必须要倒装)，while (means although,一般用在句首 )，no matter …， in spite of the fact that, while, whatever, whoever, wherever, whenever, however, whicheveras
1. Child as he is, the boy knows everything.
2 Proud as he is, he is afraid to see me.
3. Try as I might, I couldn’t finish the work.
4. Hard as he works, he couldn’t succeed.注意：a. 句首名词不能带任何冠词。b. 句首是实义动词，
其他助动词放在主语后。如果实义动词有宾语和状语，
随实义动词一起放在主语之前。
adj/adv
v + as + clause
n
While 引导的让步状语从句位于句首，相当于althoughWhile our country is rich in oil, theirs has none.
While we don’t agree on the matter, we continue to be friends.Whatever, however, whoever, wherever这些词引导的让步状语从句相当于no matter + wh疑问词，可译为“无论……”Whatever
No matter whatmay happen, I will be calm.不管发生什么，我会镇定。Whoever/No matter who calls, tell him I am out.
However/No matter how busy he was, he would watch TV sports news very night.
Wherever/No matter where we are needed, we are ready to go.
不管谁打电话，告诉他我出去了。过去不管他多么忙，他总是每晚看电视体育新闻。哪里需要我们，我们就到哪里去。The old man always enjoys swimming even though the weather is rough.
No matter how hard he tried, she could not change her mind.
He won’t listen whatever you may say.
8． 比较状语从句 用引导词：
特殊引导词：She is as bad-tempered as her mother.
The house is three times as big as ours.
The more you exercise, the lighter you will be.
Food is to men what oil is to machine.
食物之于人，犹如油之于机器。 as(同级比较), than(不同程度的比较)
the more … the more … ; just as …， so…; A is to B what /as X is to Y; no … more than; not A so much as B
9． 方式状语从句
常用引导词：
特殊引导词：When in Rome, do as the Romans do.
She behaved as if she were the boss.
Sometimes we teach our children the way our parents have taught us.
as, as if, as though,the way
二、方式状语从句：由as, (just) as…so…, as if, as though引导。
1、as, (just) as…so…引导的从句通常位于主句后，但在(just) as…so…结构中位于句首，这时as意思是：正如、就像，多用于正式文体，例如：Always do to the others as you would
be done by.你希望人家怎样待你，你就要怎样待人 As water is to fish, so air is to man.我们离不开空气，犹如鱼儿离不开水
状语从句主要用来修饰主句或主句的谓语。一般可分为九大类，分别表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、让步、比较和方式。尽管种类较多，但由于状语从句与汉语结构和用法相似，所以理解和掌握它并不难。状语从句的关键是要掌握引导不同状语从句的常用连接词和特殊的连接词即考点。
现分别列举如下:
1． 时间状语从句
常用引导词：
特殊引导词：
I didn’t realize how special my mother was until I became an adult.
While John was watching TV, his wife was cooking.
The children ran away from the orchard(果园) the moment they saw the guard.
No sooner had I arrived home than it began to rain.
Every time I listen to your advice, I get into trouble.
when, as, while, as soon as, before, after, since , till, untilthe minute, the moment, the second, every time, the instant, immediately , directly, no sooner … than, hardly …when, scarcely … when2． 地点状语从句
常用引导词：
特殊引导词：We can go anywhere you like.Everywhere they went, the guests were warmly welcomed.where
wherever, anywhere, everywhere
Generally, air will be heavily polluted where there are factories.
Wherever you go, you should work hard.
3． 原因状语从句
常用引导词：
特殊引导词：
My friends dislike me because I’m handsome and successful.
Now that everybody has come, let’s begin our conference.
The higher income tax is harmful in that it may discourage people from trying to earn more.
Considering that he is no more than 12 years old, his height of 1.80 m is quite remarkable.
because, since, as, sinceseeing that（由于）, now that, in that(由于，因为，既然）, considering that（prep., conj.就…而论； 照…来看；考虑到), given that, in as much as（由于，既然）, in so much as。4． 目的状语从句
常用引导词：
特殊引导词：The boss asked the secretary to hurry up with the letters so that he could sign them.
The teacher raised his voice on purpose that the students in the back could hear more clearly.
I obeyed her lest she should be angry.我得顺着她，免得她生气。so that, in order that
lest, in case, for fear that，in the hope that, for the purpose that,5． 结果状语从句 常用引导词：
特殊引导词：He got up so early that he caught the first bus.
It’s such a good chance that we must not miss it.
To such a degree was he excited that he couldn’t sleep last night.
so,such如何用？so … that, such … thatsuch that, to the degree that, to the extent that, to such a degree thatso foolish such a fool
so nice a flower
such a nice flower
such nice flowers
so much / little money
so many / few flowersSuch 与no ,some,one,other etc连用，such的位置？6． 条件状语从句 常用引导词：
特殊引导词：We’ll start our project if the president agrees.
You will certainly succeed so long as you keep on trying.
Provided that there is no opposition, we shall hold the meeting here. if, unless,as/so long as, only if, providing/provided that, suppose that, in case that, on condition that
7． 让步状语从句
常用引导词：
特殊引导词：
though, although, even if, even thoughas(用在让步状语从句中必须要倒装)，while (means although,一般用在句首 )，no matter …， in spite of the fact that, while, whatever, whoever, wherever, whenever, however, whicheveras
1. Child as he is, the boy knows everything.
2 Proud as he is, he is afraid to see me.
3. Try as I might, I couldn’t finish the work.
4. Hard as he works, he couldn’t succeed.注意：a. 句首名词不能带任何冠词。b. 句首是实义动词，
其他助动词放在主语后。如果实义动词有宾语和状语，
随实义动词一起放在主语之前。
adj/adv
v + as + clause
n
While 引导的让步状语从句位于句首，相当于althoughWhile our country is rich in oil, theirs has none.
While we don’t agree on the matter, we continue to be friends.Whatever, however, whoever, wherever这些词引导的让步状语从句相当于no matter + wh疑问词，可译为“无论……”Whatever
No matter whatmay happen, I will be calm.不管发生什么，我会镇定。Whoever/No matter who calls, tell him I am out.
However/No matter how busy he was, he would watch TV sports news very night.
Wherever/No matter where we are needed, we are ready to go.
不管谁打电话，告诉他我出去了。过去不管他多么忙，他总是每晚看电视体育新闻。哪里需要我们，我们就到哪里去。The old man always enjoys swimming even though the weather is rough.
No matter how hard he tried, she could not change her mind.
He won’t listen whatever you may say.
8． 比较状语从句 用引导词：
特殊引导词：She is as bad-tempered as her mother.
The house is three times as big as ours.
The more you exercise, the lighter you will be.
Food is to men what oil is to machine.
食物之于人，犹如油之于机器。 as(同级比较), than(不同程度的比较)
the more … the more … ; just as …， so…; A is to B what /as X is to Y; no … more than; not A so much as B
9． 方式状语从句
常用引导词：
特殊引导词：When in Rome, do as the Romans do.
She behaved as if she were the boss.
Sometimes we teach our children the way our parents have taught us.
as, as if, as though,the way
二、方式状语从句：由as, (just) as…so…, as if, as though引导。
1、as, (just) as…so…引导的从句通常位于主句后，但在(just) as…so…结构中位于句首，这时as意思是：正如、就像，多用于正式文体，例如：Always do to the others as you would
be done by.你希望人家怎样待你，你就要怎样待人 As water is to fish, so air is to man.我们离不开空气，犹如鱼儿离不开水