状语从句[上学期]
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课件24张PPT。状语从句总复习南京九中震旦校区 陈珍年 状语从句是复合句中的三大从句(名词性从句、定语从句、状语从句)之一,它本身又因表示的意义不同,分成九种类型.其引导词又叫从属连词.
时间状语从句:从属连词:when, while, as, before, as soon as, once, the moment
地点状语从句:从属连词:where, wherever
原因状语从句:从属连词:because, since, so
目的状语从句:so that, in order that
条件状语从句:if, unless, as long as, so long as
方式状语从句:as, as if, as though让步状语从句:though, although, even though, even if, as, Question words + ever
结果状语从句:so that, so… that, such… that
比较状语从句:adj./adv.比较级+ than
as + adj./adv. +as
The + adj. / adv. 比较级…, the + adj. / adv. 比较级
一、时间状语从句.
1.从属连词when, while, as
(1)when表示从句的动作和主句的动作可以同时发生,也可以先后发生.可以指时间的某个点,也可指一段时间.
(2)as表示从句的动作与主句的动作同时发生.可以指时间的某个点,也指段时间.
(3)while表示从句的动作和主句的动作同时发生,强调一段时间,从句中常用过去进行时态或一般过去时态.
注意点(1)when还可作并列连词, 其意义为正在这时.
Somebody was doing something when…
Somebody was about to do sth./ going to do sth. when…Somebody had just done something when…
e.g. We were about to set off on our way when it suddenly rain.
(2) when还表示原因-既然.
e.g. It was foolish of you to take a taxi when you could easily walk there in five minutes.
(3)while作为并列连词-而
e.g. He likes pop music while I am fond of folk music.e.g. Don’t be afraid of asking for help_______ it is needed. (NMET2003 .21)
unless B. since C. although D. when
Why do you need a new job ______ you’ve got such a good one already?
that B. where C. which D. when
I was about to leave my house_____ the phone rang.
A while B. when C. as D. afterDDB2. “一…….就”的表达.
As soon as / the moment / the minute / the second / immediately / directly / instantly / presently / hardly… when / no sooner… than /scarcely… when
e.g.这个男孩一看见他的母亲就突然哭起来.
我一到家天就开始下起了雨.(hardly… when)
The boy burst into tears immediately he saw his mother.
I had hardly got home when it began to rain.
Hardly had I got home when it began to rain.3.名词词组引导状语从句.
the first / second /…/ time ; the last time; next time; every / each time; any time
the day / the morning / the month / the year
e.g.第一次他来时我不在家.
每次经过学校,他就想起他的童年生活.
The first time he came, I wasn’t at home.
Every time he passed by the school , he would think of his childhood life.4.从属连词:before, after, since
e.g. We had sailed four days and nights _________ we saw land.
We hadn’t run a mile ________ he felt tired.
Please write it down __________ you forget it.
_________ I could get in a word, he had measured me.
It’s four years __________ I met you last.
二:原因状语从句
1.引导原因状语从句的从属连词beforebeforebeforeBeforesincebecause, as, since / now that / seeing that / considering that, for
because表示直接的原因或理由,用于回答why,主句前后皆可.
as表示十分明显的原因,一般说明因果关系.语气较弱,译为“由于”,主句前后皆可.
since一般表示对方已知的、无须加以说明的、既成事实的理由.译为“既然”.主句前.
for是个并列连词.表示一种推理或解释.主句后.
e.g. He is absent today _________ he was ill.
The day breaks , ______ the birds are singing.becausefor ________ you are ill, I’ll go alone.
_______ it is snowing, we shall not go to the park.
seeing / now that 既然
considering that 照…….来看
2.其他表示原因的方法.
because of; thanks to ; due to ; owing to; as a result of; on account of
三.条件状语从句:
引导条件状语从句的连词有:if, unless, so (as) long as, in case, on condition that, suppose / supposing, SinceAs provided / providing that (要是)
e.g. I will go provided / providing that my expenses are paid.
四.让步状语从句.
1.although / though (尽管,虽然),even though / even if (即使)
although/ though两者意思相同,都可以与yet, still或nevertheless连用,但不能和but连用.
Although it was raining hard, yet they went on playing football.
注意点:though还可用作副词,意为“可是,然而”,置于句末.
e.g. He said he would come, he didn’t , though.
2. as引导让步状语从句须倒装.
e.g. 尽管他是孩子,他却懂得很多
虽然我很喜欢,但我不会买的,因为太贵了.
Child as he is, he knows a lot.
Much as I like it, I won’t buy, for it is too expensive.
3.Question words + ever五.地点状语从句:
从属连词:where, wherever.
e.g. We should go where the party needs us most.
You are free to go wherever you like.
Wherever there is smoke, there is fire.
(无火不生烟)无风不起浪.
六.目地状语从句:
从属连词:so that, in order that, for fear that, in case, lest.
1. so that / in order that2.for fear that, in case, lest.
这些从属连词引导的目的状语从句中谓语动词要用(should) +动词原形,它本身带有否定意义, 相当于so that… not/ in order that… not.如:
e.g. The boy hid himself behind the tree in case / for fear that his father should see him.
Take your raincoat in case / lest it should rain.
七.结果状语从句:
从属连词:so that, so… that, such … that
注意点:当so /such置于句首时,主句要用倒装语序.e.g. 他是位如此聪明的学生以致于他能解决所有困难的问题.
He was so clever a student that he was able to work out all the difficult problems.
So clever a student was he that he was able to work out all the difficult problems.
八.方式状语从句:
从属连词有:as, as if / as though
e.g. Do as you are told to, or you’ll be fired.
九.比较状语从句: Choose the best answers:
1.______ everybody knows about it, I don’t want to talk any more.
For B. Since C. Even D. However
2.They were surprised that a child should work out the problem ________ they themselves couldn’t.
once B. then C. while D. if
3._______ the days went on, the weather got worse.
With B. Since C. While D. As
BCD4.When you read the book, you’d better make a mark _______ you have any questions.
A. at which B. at where
C. the place where D. where
5. They didn’t get married for a month_______ they quarreled.
A. until B. unless C. before D. although
6. Usually scientists test a theory for a while ____ accept it as a true.
A. before B. unless C. until D. thoughDCA7.____ Did you find your new dictionary?
____ Yes, I found it _______ I had left it.
A. in where B. in the place which
C. where D. which
8.The tourist climbed _____ no local people dared to go.
A. where B. before C. which D. as
9.I won’t give you any help ____ you tell me the truth. It’s none of my business.
A. unless B. since C. if D. even thoughCAD10.We played in the garden till sunset, ________ it began to rain.
A. when B. after C. while D. then
11.I was advised to arrange for insurance_____ I needed medical treatment.
A. although B. in case C. so that D. if only
12.The gas must have been used up, _______ the fire went out of itself.
A. because B. as C. for D. sinceACC13. _____ Don’t look down upon Bob. He has his own advantages.
_______Oh, yes.________ others are weak, he is strong.
A. If B. When C. Though D. Where
14. It was five o’clock in the afternoon ____ they climbed up to the top of the mountain.
A. since B. when C. that D. until
15.Tim came to see me. I don’t want to go out _____ he comes.
A. so that B. in case C. as long as D. now that DBB16. ------ Do you think we can get there on time?
------ Yes, ________ the truck doesn’t break down.
A. even if B. unless C. until D. so long as
17.We recognized his voice _____ he spoke on the radio.
A. while B. after C. in case D. the moment
18.She worried _________ her child would be hurt.
A. on condition that B. so that
C. for fear that D. so long asDDC19. ------How long do you suppose it is_______ he arrived here?
------ No more than half a week.
A. when B. before C. after D. since
20._________ he took part in the competition, he won a second prize.
A. The first time B. For the first time
C. At a time D. At one time
DA21. Fortunately somebody who happened to be passing by called the fire department ______ the fire broke out.
hurriedly B. quickly
C. immediately D. shortly
22.The class went on with the story _______ they had left it before the holiday.
A. where B. which C. in which D. when CA
时间状语从句:从属连词:when, while, as, before, as soon as, once, the moment
地点状语从句:从属连词:where, wherever
原因状语从句:从属连词:because, since, so
目的状语从句:so that, in order that
条件状语从句:if, unless, as long as, so long as
方式状语从句:as, as if, as though让步状语从句:though, although, even though, even if, as, Question words + ever
结果状语从句:so that, so… that, such… that
比较状语从句:adj./adv.比较级+ than
as + adj./adv. +as
The + adj. / adv. 比较级…, the + adj. / adv. 比较级
一、时间状语从句.
1.从属连词when, while, as
(1)when表示从句的动作和主句的动作可以同时发生,也可以先后发生.可以指时间的某个点,也可指一段时间.
(2)as表示从句的动作与主句的动作同时发生.可以指时间的某个点,也指段时间.
(3)while表示从句的动作和主句的动作同时发生,强调一段时间,从句中常用过去进行时态或一般过去时态.
注意点(1)when还可作并列连词, 其意义为正在这时.
Somebody was doing something when…
Somebody was about to do sth./ going to do sth. when…Somebody had just done something when…
e.g. We were about to set off on our way when it suddenly rain.
(2) when还表示原因-既然.
e.g. It was foolish of you to take a taxi when you could easily walk there in five minutes.
(3)while作为并列连词-而
e.g. He likes pop music while I am fond of folk music.e.g. Don’t be afraid of asking for help_______ it is needed. (NMET2003 .21)
unless B. since C. although D. when
Why do you need a new job ______ you’ve got such a good one already?
that B. where C. which D. when
I was about to leave my house_____ the phone rang.
A while B. when C. as D. afterDDB2. “一…….就”的表达.
As soon as / the moment / the minute / the second / immediately / directly / instantly / presently / hardly… when / no sooner… than /scarcely… when
e.g.这个男孩一看见他的母亲就突然哭起来.
我一到家天就开始下起了雨.(hardly… when)
The boy burst into tears immediately he saw his mother.
I had hardly got home when it began to rain.
Hardly had I got home when it began to rain.3.名词词组引导状语从句.
the first / second /…/ time ; the last time; next time; every / each time; any time
the day / the morning / the month / the year
e.g.第一次他来时我不在家.
每次经过学校,他就想起他的童年生活.
The first time he came, I wasn’t at home.
Every time he passed by the school , he would think of his childhood life.4.从属连词:before, after, since
e.g. We had sailed four days and nights _________ we saw land.
We hadn’t run a mile ________ he felt tired.
Please write it down __________ you forget it.
_________ I could get in a word, he had measured me.
It’s four years __________ I met you last.
二:原因状语从句
1.引导原因状语从句的从属连词beforebeforebeforeBeforesincebecause, as, since / now that / seeing that / considering that, for
because表示直接的原因或理由,用于回答why,主句前后皆可.
as表示十分明显的原因,一般说明因果关系.语气较弱,译为“由于”,主句前后皆可.
since一般表示对方已知的、无须加以说明的、既成事实的理由.译为“既然”.主句前.
for是个并列连词.表示一种推理或解释.主句后.
e.g. He is absent today _________ he was ill.
The day breaks , ______ the birds are singing.becausefor ________ you are ill, I’ll go alone.
_______ it is snowing, we shall not go to the park.
seeing / now that 既然
considering that 照…….来看
2.其他表示原因的方法.
because of; thanks to ; due to ; owing to; as a result of; on account of
三.条件状语从句:
引导条件状语从句的连词有:if, unless, so (as) long as, in case, on condition that, suppose / supposing, SinceAs provided / providing that (要是)
e.g. I will go provided / providing that my expenses are paid.
四.让步状语从句.
1.although / though (尽管,虽然),even though / even if (即使)
although/ though两者意思相同,都可以与yet, still或nevertheless连用,但不能和but连用.
Although it was raining hard, yet they went on playing football.
注意点:though还可用作副词,意为“可是,然而”,置于句末.
e.g. He said he would come, he didn’t , though.
2. as引导让步状语从句须倒装.
e.g. 尽管他是孩子,他却懂得很多
虽然我很喜欢,但我不会买的,因为太贵了.
Child as he is, he knows a lot.
Much as I like it, I won’t buy, for it is too expensive.
3.Question words + ever五.地点状语从句:
从属连词:where, wherever.
e.g. We should go where the party needs us most.
You are free to go wherever you like.
Wherever there is smoke, there is fire.
(无火不生烟)无风不起浪.
六.目地状语从句:
从属连词:so that, in order that, for fear that, in case, lest.
1. so that / in order that2.for fear that, in case, lest.
这些从属连词引导的目的状语从句中谓语动词要用(should) +动词原形,它本身带有否定意义, 相当于so that… not/ in order that… not.如:
e.g. The boy hid himself behind the tree in case / for fear that his father should see him.
Take your raincoat in case / lest it should rain.
七.结果状语从句:
从属连词:so that, so… that, such … that
注意点:当so /such置于句首时,主句要用倒装语序.e.g. 他是位如此聪明的学生以致于他能解决所有困难的问题.
He was so clever a student that he was able to work out all the difficult problems.
So clever a student was he that he was able to work out all the difficult problems.
八.方式状语从句:
从属连词有:as, as if / as though
e.g. Do as you are told to, or you’ll be fired.
九.比较状语从句: Choose the best answers:
1.______ everybody knows about it, I don’t want to talk any more.
For B. Since C. Even D. However
2.They were surprised that a child should work out the problem ________ they themselves couldn’t.
once B. then C. while D. if
3._______ the days went on, the weather got worse.
With B. Since C. While D. As
BCD4.When you read the book, you’d better make a mark _______ you have any questions.
A. at which B. at where
C. the place where D. where
5. They didn’t get married for a month_______ they quarreled.
A. until B. unless C. before D. although
6. Usually scientists test a theory for a while ____ accept it as a true.
A. before B. unless C. until D. thoughDCA7.____ Did you find your new dictionary?
____ Yes, I found it _______ I had left it.
A. in where B. in the place which
C. where D. which
8.The tourist climbed _____ no local people dared to go.
A. where B. before C. which D. as
9.I won’t give you any help ____ you tell me the truth. It’s none of my business.
A. unless B. since C. if D. even thoughCAD10.We played in the garden till sunset, ________ it began to rain.
A. when B. after C. while D. then
11.I was advised to arrange for insurance_____ I needed medical treatment.
A. although B. in case C. so that D. if only
12.The gas must have been used up, _______ the fire went out of itself.
A. because B. as C. for D. sinceACC13. _____ Don’t look down upon Bob. He has his own advantages.
_______Oh, yes.________ others are weak, he is strong.
A. If B. When C. Though D. Where
14. It was five o’clock in the afternoon ____ they climbed up to the top of the mountain.
A. since B. when C. that D. until
15.Tim came to see me. I don’t want to go out _____ he comes.
A. so that B. in case C. as long as D. now that DBB16. ------ Do you think we can get there on time?
------ Yes, ________ the truck doesn’t break down.
A. even if B. unless C. until D. so long as
17.We recognized his voice _____ he spoke on the radio.
A. while B. after C. in case D. the moment
18.She worried _________ her child would be hurt.
A. on condition that B. so that
C. for fear that D. so long asDDC19. ------How long do you suppose it is_______ he arrived here?
------ No more than half a week.
A. when B. before C. after D. since
20._________ he took part in the competition, he won a second prize.
A. The first time B. For the first time
C. At a time D. At one time
DA21. Fortunately somebody who happened to be passing by called the fire department ______ the fire broke out.
hurriedly B. quickly
C. immediately D. shortly
22.The class went on with the story _______ they had left it before the holiday.
A. where B. which C. in which D. when CA