短文改错的教学设计[上学期]

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名称 短文改错的教学设计[上学期]
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更新时间 2007-02-08 16:09:00

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(共45张PPT)
Come
in,
please!
宝泉岭第三高级中学
授课教师:臧彬娟
Answer the questions
1、Have you ever made any mistakes in your everyday life
2、What will you do if you make some mistakes in your life
   In our everyday life, if we make some mistakes, we should correct them, then we are still good fellows.
      —Chairman Mao’s words
How to correct a composition
英语高考(NMET)专题复习
       ---短文改错
高考短文改错的短文通常只有120个词左右,分成10行,短文的难度也与考生的习作相当,10行中一般只有一行全部正确,其他9行都存在错误。各种错误所占比例为
1:3:6
即:1行正确;
3行缺词或多词;
6行需要找出错误并改正。
项目年度 多词 缺词 错词 正确
2000 2 1 6 1
2001 1 2 6 1
2002 1 2 6 1
2003 2 1 6 1
2004 2 1 6 1
2005 2 1 6 1
2006 2 1 6 1
合 计 12 9 42 7
表 1 NMET改错命题统计
年度 谓语动词 名词 连词 冠词 形容词或副词 代词 非谓语动词 介词
2000 2 2 1 1 1 2
2001 3 1 1 1 3
2002 2 2 1 1 1 2
2003 2 2 2 1 2
2004 2 1 3 1 1 1 1
2005 1 2 1 1 1 1 1
2006 1 1 2 2 2 1
表2 NMET错误类型统计
测试点
(二)错误形式与改法
1 改词(5—6个):在文中该词下面划横线
( ___ );在题号后横线上写出要改的词。
2 添词(1—2个):在文中标上添词符号(∧);在题号后横线上写出要添的词。

3 去掉(1—2个):在文中用斜线( \ )划掉该词;在题号后写上要划掉的词,并也用斜线划掉。

4 正确(1个):在题号后横线上写出正确符号(√) 。
一、动词形
主要包括两类错误:动词的时态和语态错误,以及主、谓不一致的错误。例如:
NMET2003:She liked it very much and reads it
to the class. ____
NMET2000: Now my picture and prize is
hanging in the library. ____
read
are
二、名词数
指名词单、复数形式的用法错误。常表现为将名词复数写成单数。例如:
NMET2001: …so that I’ll get good marks
in all my subject. ____
NMET2003: Their word were a great
encouragement to me. _____
subjects
words
三、还要注意形和副
注意形容词和副词在句子中的作用和具体用法。这也是高考短文改错题的常考点。例如:
NMET 2004 : I would describe myself as shy
and quietly. _______
NMET 2005 : He asked angry if we had
finished the work. ______
quiet
angrily
四、非谓语,细辨别
这是考查最多的错误形式之一。主要有现在分词、过去分词,动名词和不定式错误。例如:
NMET2001: My parents love me… and will do
all they can make sure… ____
NMET 2002: We fed monkeys, visiting temples
and told stories. _______
NMET 2003: Soon I began to enjoy talk to myself on paper as I was learning to express myself in simple English. ________
to
visited
talking
五、习惯用法要记住
主要考查习惯搭配方面的基础知识,其错误表现形式主要有三种:多词、少词和搭配错误。例如:
NMET2000: Suddenly, I caught a sight of
my English teacher. _______
NMET2003: My teacher advised me to keep
my diary. ______
a
a
六、句子成分多分析
不同的句子成分要用不同的词类;不同的语境要选择不同的词语。只有对句子结构和成分作细致的分析,才能找出用词不当的错误。例如:
NMET 2004 : I don’t know that they don’t
like to talk with me. ________
NMET 1997:I live in Beijing,where is the
capital of China. _________
why
which
七、逻辑错误须关注
与句子的上、下文不一致,甚至相矛盾,属于逻辑性错误,如称谓上的张冠李戴。例如:
NMET 2003: The main problem was that I always thought in Chinese and tried to translate anything into English. ___________
NMET 2005: Some students may also save up for our college or future use. __________
everything
their
常考的错误形式有:连词but, and, or和so的用法错误,以及冠词的用法错误等。例如:
NMET2000: She was smiling but nodding at
me. ___
NMET2001: It looks as if my parents treat me as a
visitor and a guest. ____
NMET2001: We may be one family and live under
a same roof. ____
and
or
the
八、冠词、连词常光顾
短文改错应注意的问题
四不改:
 ①标点符号不改。
 ②大小写不改。
 ③词序错误不改(不是不改,而是按错词或少词来改)。
 ④在纲外生词不改。文中出现带汉语注释的词,
在句中不可能用错。
 
下面是2002年全国高考试题中的短文改错题。
这道题较全面地反映了这些口诀。
Last week my parents and I took a two-day trip to Emei
Mountain in Sichuan. As everyone knows, it’s famous 76. ___
mountain with all kinds of plants and animals. The weather 77. ___
was fine. It was about noon we arrived at the foot of 78. ___
the mountain, the three of them were very excited. As we 79.___
climbed the mountain, we fed monkeys, visiting temples 80. ___
and told stories. On the way up I was busy taking picture 81.___
since the scenery was so beautiful. The time passes quickly. 82. ___
Evening came down. We spent the night in a hotel at the top 83. ___
of the mountain. The food was expensive and the service was 84. ___
good. I was so tired that I fell asleep at the moment my 85. ___
head touched the pillow.
a
(名词数)


when

(句子成分多分析)
us
(逻辑错误须关注)
visited
(非谓动词细辨别)
pictures
(名词数)
passed
(动词形)
down
(习惯用法要记住)
but
(逻辑错误须关注)
at
(句子成分多分析 / 习惯用法要记住)
___
_____
____
______
_____
Practice






Don’t lose heart!
love
Beijing
2008
Failure is the mother of success.
I
I remembered her words and calm down.(NMET2000)的错误
2. What your favourite sport ( NMET97)
calmed
is
动词形常见错误
一般过去时与一般 现在时错用。
第三人称单数形式错用。
and 前后动词时态不一致。(and具有对称性)
主谓不一致。
缺少谓语动词(尤其缺be动词)
主动语态与被动语态错用
Used to 的运用错误
1.They will do all they can make sure that I get a good education. (NMET2001)
2.Play football makes us grow up tall and strong.(NMET1998)
to
Playing
非谓语动词常见的错误
1)不定式
2)动名词作主语、宾语
3)and 连接的不定式或动名词前后一致(尤其距离较远时)
4)现在分词和过去分词的区别等。
1.There are advantage for students to work while studying at school.(NMET2005)
2.On the way up I was busy taking picture since the scenery was so beautiful. (NMET2002)
advantages
pictures
改正方法:
1.根据名词前的修饰限定
成份.
2.根据上下文的逻辑关系.
1.We practise for three times every week.(NMET98)
2.And I can’t forget the food you cooked for I.(NMET95)
me
for
介词的错误
My pronunciation was terribly.
(NMET2005)
2.Unfortunate, there are too many people in my family.(NMET99)
terrible
Unfortunately
命题特点及改正方法:
主要考查形容词和副词的误用、形容词及副词的比较级等。
根据adj或adv的基本用法确定错误;
修饰连系动词或名词用形容词;
修饰行为动词、形容词、过去分词及整个句子用副词。
1. The Smiths did his best to make me feel at home.(NMET03)
2. I have a good friend who’s name is Liu Mei.(2004 福建)
their
whose
1.人称代词的偷换错误
2. 缺少人称代词的错误
3. 人称代词数的一致问题
4. 人称代词格的一致问题
小 结
做短文该错应采取三个步骤
1.通读短文,掌握大意
2.细读全文,逐一作答
3.复读全文,验证答案
We had guests last night who have not stayed 76
in a B&B hotel ago. They did not want breakfast 77
because that they were going out early in the 78
morning. They came back lately and had some 79
tea. I came into the living room and saw one of 80
them just go through the kitchen door but turn 81
on the light. He was looking for a glass the 82
cupboard. He had no ideas that the kitchen was 83
not for guests. I just smiled to me and thought, 84
“What can I do We are guests after all.” 85
2006高考全国卷
We had guests last night who have not stayed
76__________
in a B&B hotel ago. They did not want breakfast
77__________
because that they were going out early in the
78__________
morning. They came back lately and had some
79__________
tea. I came into the living room and saw one of
80__________
had
before
late
that

them just go through the kitchen door but turn 81__________
on the light. He was looking for a glass the 82__________
cupboard. He had no ideas that the kitchen was 83__________
not for guests. I just smiled to me and thought
84__________
“What can I do We are guests after all.” 85__________
Practice makes perfect. [谚] 熟能生巧
and
idea
myself
They
in
Homework
Finish the mistake correcting exercises on the papers.
Success belongs
to you!!!
结束英语高考专题复习
——短文改错的教学设计
1、 教学目的: 通过几年来对高考英语试题的研究,不难发现高考英语试题越来越注重基础性、实用性和综合性知识的考察,它不仅仅是检测考生对语法、词汇、习语等基础知识的掌握情况,而且考查考生在语篇中综合运用英语的能力。这集中体现在英语高考试卷第三大部分——短文改错。占十分。因此,此专题的教学目的就是要培养学生判断、发现、纠正语篇中语言错误的能力,使学生掌握改错命题的规律,从而有效的进行复习。
2、 学情分析: 通过平时考试及练习的情况分析,学生在解此题时,只凭感觉,不会分析,同时学生对改错有畏难情绪,没有信心,基本上放弃。
3、 教学目标: 通过高三阶段的专项复习,使学生在解题方法、技巧等方面有所提高,增强做改错题的信心,以求在做题时能够得心应手,提高该部分的得分率,让学生有信心获得6分以上的得分。
4、 教学重点及难点: 使学生掌握改错中常出的几种题型,培养学生知识的迁移能力。
5、 教学方法: 夹练夹析的互动,探究,任务型教学。由易到难,有坡度,有层次,循序渐进。
6、 实现途径: 把握命题规律及错误类型,进行针对性训练。
7、 教学工具: 运用多媒体教学手段,它直观、生动、课堂容量较大,易被学生接受。
8、 教学过程:
第一步:导课
问学生两个问题: Have you ever made any mistakes in your everyday life
What will you do if you made some mistakes
学生必然要回答犯过错误,而且如果犯了错误,就要及时改正。老师对学生的回答给予肯定,并引出毛主席的一段话:在我们的日常生活中,每个人都会犯错误,但如果我们及时改正的话,我们仍然是好同志。
然后引申到当我们使用语言时,我们也可能犯错误,问学生:Do you want to correct them How to 你们想改正吗?怎么改?由此,引出本专题的内容。(大屏幕上打出标题)
第二步:介绍 (首先对短文改错分四方面进行详细的介绍,以便学生对短文改错有个更系统、更科学的框架结构。)
1.分析短文改错的材料特点:从2000年到2006年这七年NMET短文改错的选材特点看,材料内容贴近考生的实际生活,谈论的都是跟学生的学习和生活有关的话题,多以书信和日记的形式出现,似乎是"粗心的学生挥手写就的一篇习作"。文字浅显易懂,材料中没有生僻、超纲的词汇,句子结构简单,基本上是简单句和并不复杂的复合句。
2.分析短文改错的命题特点:
高考短文改错的短文通常只有120个词左右,分成10行,短文的难度也与考生的习作相当,10行中一般只有一行全部正确,其他9行都存在错误。各种错误所占比例为1:3:6,即:1行正确; 3行缺词或多词; 6行需要找出错误并改正。
给出2000至2006年改错命题的统计表。
3.分析短文改错的错误类型特点:
即错误主要出在哪。
给出2000至2006错误类型统计表,及2006年全国各地高考试题中短文改错的测试重点。
4.给出短文改错的解题指导:
a: 解题步骤:浏览全文,掌握大意。 分句阅读,逐行找错。
由易到难,各个击破。 检查核对,注意方法。
b: 错误形式与改法
要求学生掌握改词、多词、缺词以及正确的规范化改法,使用正确的批改符号。
第三步:新课
1.给出短文改错口诀:
动词形,名词数, 还要注意形和副;
非谓语,细辩别, 习惯用法要记住;
句子成分多分析, 逻辑错误须关注。
此口诀出现后,给学生一分钟左右的时间背诵,然后找一个学生到黑板前默写,既检查了学生的识记能力,动手的能力,也让学生在后面的学习当中时时有据可依,对照着做题。
2.然后对口诀逐句进行分析,给出具体的实例(都是历年来的高考题),先进行单句的改错。为整篇文章的改错奠定基础。
3.经过初步的学习之后,当场检验一下学生的学习效果。教师给出一些改错题,用视频展示台让学生当场进行改正,师生共同检查是否正确,是否规范。由学生存在的问题引出:短文改错应注意的问题 (1)四不改 (2)规范做题方法
4.更正了共性问题之后,给出2002年的整篇短文改错,让学生运用所学的口诀进行改正。
5.进入改错陷井。本部分采用游戏的形式,引出上述口诀中各类错误中又存在哪些常见的错误,夹练夹析,由现象规纳理论,到技巧、方法,到练习实践。寓教寓乐,更大的激发学生的学习兴趣,让学生积极主动地参与,也使学生留有更深刻的印象。
第四步:小结
总结本节课的主要内容:要求学生掌握短文改错的错误类型,牢记改错口诀及解题步骤,规范答题。
第五步:操练
这是对本节课学生学习效果的一个检测。给出2006年高考题,让学生综合运用本节课所学知识进行改错。
第六步:作业
按所学知识完成讲义上的改错练习。