形容词和副词[上学期]
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课件42张PPT。2006年高考语法复习形容词和副词1. 形容词及其用法
形容词修饰名词，说明事物或人的性质或特征。通常， 可将形容词分成性质形容词和叙述形容词两类，其位置不一定都放在名词前面。 1) 直接说明事物的性质或特征的形容词是性质形容词，它有级的变化，可以用程度副词修饰，在句中可作定语、表语和宾补。例如：hot 热的。
2) 叙述形容词只能作表语，所以又称为表语形容词。这类形容词没有级的变化，也不可用程度副词修饰。大多数以a开头的形容词都属于这一类。例如：afraid 害怕的。 （错） He is an ill man. (对） The man is ill. （错） She is an afraid girl.（对） The girl is afraid. 这类词还有： well，unwell，ill，faint，afraid，
alike，alive，alone，asleep，awake 等。 f. 3）形容词作定语修饰名词时，要放在名词的前边。但是下列情况要后置： ? a. some, any, no, every 构成的复合不定代词的修饰语要后
置．如：
something new; nothing serious; anything interesting ? b. else 修饰不定代词和疑问代词时，要后置。如：
Nobody else is so silly as you are. ? c. 不定式短语，动名词短语，分词短语，介词短语做定
语要后置。如：
Do you still remember the afternoon in the first year at
college when the professor gave us a chemistry lesson? ? d. 以 a- 开头的形容词做定语要后置．如：alike, alive,
alone, asleep, afraid, awake… 如：
He is the only man awake at that time. e. proper (本身), present (在场的，出席的), involved
(有关的), ?concerned (相关的), left (剩下的), objecting
(反对的), ?mentioned (提及的), selected (当选的)等词做
定语要后置。如：
the president elect; (当选的总统) the bride elect
China proper (中国本土) blood royal （王族）
the students present (出席的学生)
the cost involved (所需费用)
注意：有些形容词作定语时只能前置。如：
elder; inner; upper; lower; former; latter;
wooden; leaden; golden; silken; woolen 等。而且这类形容词不能用作表语。如：
This is a wooden house. She is my former teacher2. 以-ly 结尾的形容词
1） 大部分形容词加-ly 可构成副词。但 friendly，deadly，lovely，lonely，likely，lively，ugly，brotherly，manly, timely, worldly (老于世故的) 仍为形容词。 改错：(错） She sang lovely. （错） He spoke to me very friendly. （对） Her singing was lovely. （对） He spoke to me in a very friendly way. 2）有些以-ly 结尾既为形容词，也为副词。 daily，weekly，monthly，yearly，early The Times is a daily paper. The Times is published daily.?3. 用形容词表示类别和整体
1） 某些形容词加上定冠词可以泛指一类人，与谓语动词的复数连接。如：the dead，the living，the rich，the poor，the blind，the hungry The poor are losing hope.
The young should respect the old, while the old should
take care of the young.
2） 有关国家和民族的形容词加上定冠词指这个民族的整体，与动词的复数连用。 the British，the English，the French，the Chinese. The English have wonderful sense of humor.
The Chinese are a hardworking people.4 多个形容词修饰名词的顺序
多个形容词修饰名词时，其顺序为： 限定词--数词--描绘词--(大小，长短，形状，新旧，颜色) --出处--材料性质，类别--名词 a small round table a tall gray building a dirty old brown shirt a famous German medical school an expensive Japanese sports car
I have kept my first large black foreign watch for twenty
years.
She is a short thin old Japanese lady.典型例题: 1） Tony is going camping with ___ boys. A. little two other B. two little other
C. two other little D. little other two 答案：C。由“限定词--数词--描绘词--(大小，长短，形状，新旧，颜色) --性质--名词”的公式可知数词，描绘词，性质依次顺序，只有C符合答案
2) One day they crossed the ____bridge behind the palace. A. old Chinese stone B. Chinese old stone
C. old stone Chinese D. Chinese stone old 答案：A。 几个形容词修饰一个名词，他们的排列顺序是：年龄，形状，大小+颜色+来源+质地+用途+国家+名词。 3) ---- How was your recent visit to Qingdao? ---- It was great. We visited some friends，and spent the
___ days at the seaside. A. few last sunny B. last few sunny
C. last sunny few D. few sunny last 答案：B。本题考查多个形容词的排序问题。一般与被修饰形容词关系密切的形容词靠近名词；如果几个形容词的重要性差不多，音节少的形容词在前，音节多的方在后，在不能确定时，可参照下表。
限定词+数量词（序数词在前，基数词在后）+描绘
形容词+大小、长短、高低等形状+
those + three + beautiful + large + square 新旧+颜色+出处+材料+名词 old + brown + Chinese + wooden + table 5. 注意比较下列各组形容词
1). worth --- worthy --- worthwhile
2) alike --- like ---likely
3) dead --- deadly --- deathly
4) historic --- historical
5) live --- lively --- alive --- living
6) possible --- probable--- likely
7) valueless ---priceless
8) respectable (可敬的、高尚的) --- respectful (表示敬意的)
A respectable man is respectful to others.
9) healthy (健康的) --- healthful (有益于健康的)
The air at seaside is healthful to us. So all of us are healthy.6. 副词及其基本用法
副词主要用来修饰动词，形容词，副词或其他结构。 一、副词的位置： 1） 在动词之前。 2） 在be动词、助动词之后。 3） 多个助动词时，副词一般放在第一个助动词后。 注意： a. 大多数方式副词位于句尾，但宾语过长，副词可以提前，以使句子平衡。 We could see very clearly a strange light ahead of us. b. 方式副词well，badly糟、坏，hard等只放在句尾。 He speaks English well. 二、副词的排列顺序： 1） 时间，地点副词，小单位的在前，大单位在后。 2） 方式副词，短的在前，长的在后，并用 and 或 but 等连词连接。 Please write slowly and carefully. 3） 多个不同副词排列：程度 + 地点 + 方式 + 时间副词。 注意：(1) 副词 very 可以修饰形容词，但不能修饰动词。 改错：(错) I very like English. (对) I like English very much. (2) 副词 enough 要放在形容词的后面，形容词
enough 放在名词前后都可。 I don't know him well enough. There is enough food for everyone to eat. There is food enough for everyone to eat. 7. 兼有两种形式的副词
close与closely close意思是“近”； closely 意思是“仔细地” He is sitting close to me. Watch him closely.
late 与lately late意思是“晚”； lately 意思是“最近” You have come too late. What have you been doing lately?
3) deep与deeply deep意思是“深”，表示时间和空间深度；deeply时常
表示感情上的深度，"深深地" He pushed the stick deep into the mud. He often works deep into the night.
Even father was deeply moved by the film. high与highly high表示空间高度；highly表示程度，相当于much The plane was flying high. I think highly of your opinion.
5) wide与widely wide表示空间宽度；widely意思是“广泛地”，“在许多
地方” He opened the door wide. English is widely used in the world.
6) free与freely free的意思是"免费"；freely 的意思是"无限制地" You can eat free in my restaurant whenever you like. You may speak freely; say what you like. 8. 注意下列各组副词的用法区别
1) just --- just now
2) rather --- fairly
3) yet --- still --- already
4) hard --- hardly --- rarely --- scarcely
5) such a + adj. + n. --- so + adj. + a + n.
6) most --- mostly --- almost
7) especially --- specially
8) every day --- everyday
9) sometime --- sometimes ---some time9. 形容词与副词的比较级
大多数形容词（性质形容词）和副词有比较级和最高级的变化，即原级、比较级和最高级，用来表示事物的等级差别。原级即形容词的原形，比较级和最高级有规则变化和不规则变化两种。 1) 规则变化 单音节词和少数双音节词，加词尾-er，-est来构成比较级和最高级。 tall (高的) taller tallest great (巨大的) greater greatest nice (好的) nicer nicest large (大的) larger largest big(大的) bigger biggest hot热的) hotter hottest easy(容易的) easier easiest busy(忙的) busier busiest clever(聪明的) cleverer cleverest narrow(窄的) narrower narrowest important(重要的) more important most important easily(容易地) more easily most easily2) 不规则变化 原级 比较级 最高级 good(好的)/ better best well(健康的) bad (坏的)/ worse worst ill(有病的) old (老的) older/elder oldest/eldest much/many(多的) more most little(少的) less least far (远的) farther/further farthest/furthest 10 . as + 形容词或副词原级 + as
1）在否定句或疑问句中可用so… as。 He cannot run so/as fast as you. 2）当as… as 中间有名词时采用以下格式。 as +形容词+ a +单数名词 as + many/much +名词 This is as good an example as the other is. I can carry as much paper as you can.. 3）用表示倍数的词或其他程度副词做修饰语时，放在as的
前面。 This room is twice as big as that one. Your room is the same size as mine. 4) 倍数+ the + n + of <=>倍数+ as + adj. + as
This bridge is three times as long as that one. This bridge is three times the length of that one. Your room is twice as large as mine. Your room is twice the size of mine.
5) 数量词 + senior / junior + to
He is seven years senior to his wife.
I am three years junior to my elder sister.11 . 比较级形容词或副词 + than
You are taller than I. 注意： 1）要避免重复使用比较级。 (错) He is more cleverer than his brother. (对) He is more clever than his brother. (对) He is cleverer than his brother. 2）要避免将主语含在比较对象中。 (错) China is larger that any country in Asia. (对) China is larger than any other countries in Asia. 3）要注意对应句型，遵循前后一致的原则。 The population of Shanghai is larger than that of Beijing. It is easier to make a plan than to carry it out.4）要注意冠词的使用，后有名词的时候，前面才有可能有冠词。 比较：Which is larger, Canada or Australia? Which is the larger country, Canada or Australia? She is taller than her two sisters. She is the taller of the two sisters. 12. 可修饰比较级的词
1）a bit, a little, rather, much, far, by far, many, a lot, lots,
a great deal, any, still, even等 2）还可以用表示倍数的词或度量名词作修饰语。 3）以上词 (除by far) 外，必须置于比较级形容词或副词的前
面。 典型例题: 1） ---- Are you feeling ____? ---- Yes，I’m fine now. A. any well B. any better
C. quite good D. quite better 答案：B. any 可修饰比较级，quite修饰原级，well的比较
级为better. 2）The experiment was____ easier than we had expected. A. more B. much more
C. much D. more much 答案：C. much可修饰比较级，因此B，C都说得通，但
easier本身已是比较级，不需more，因此C为正确答
案。
3）If there were no examinations, we should have ___ at
school. A. the happiest time B. a more happier time C. much happiest time D. a much happier time 答案：D。注意 have a happy time 为一固定结构，它的比
较级为 have a better time。13. many, old 和 far
1）如果后接名词时， much more +不可数名词 many more +可数名词复数
2） old 有两种比较级和最高级形式: older/oldest 和 elder /
eldest。 elder，eldest 只用于兄弟姐妹的长幼关系。 My elder brother is an engineer. Mary is the eldest of the three sisters.
3)）far 有两种比较级，farther，further. 在英语中两者都可指距离。在美语中，father 表示距离，further表示进一步。 I have nothing further to say. 14. the + 最高级 + 比较范围
The Sahara is the biggest desert in the world.
形容词最高级前必须用定冠词 the，副词最高级前可不用。
The shortest boy runs fastest in the 100-meter race.
形容词 most 前面没有 the，不表示最高级的含义，只表示“非常”。 It is a most important problem. = It is a very important problem. 注意： 使用最高级要注意将主语包括在比较范围内。 (错) Tom is the tallest of his three brothers. (对) Tom is the tallest of the three brothers.
2) 下列词可修饰最高级，by far, far, much, mostly, almost This hat is nearly / almost the biggest. 注意： a. very 可修饰最高级，但位置与much不同。 This is the very best. This is much the best. b. 序数词通常只修饰最高级。 Africa is the second largest continent. 3) 句型转换： Mike is the most intelligent in his class. Mike is more intelligent than any other student in his class. 4) “否定词语 + 比较级”，“否定词语 + so… as” 结构表示最
高级含义。 Nothing is so easy as this. = Nothing is easier than this. = This is the easiest thing. 15. 和more有关的词组
1) the more… the more… 越……就越…… The harder you work，the greater progress you‘ll make. 2) more B than A 与其说A不如说B less A than B He is more lazy than slow at his work. = He is less slow than lazy at his work. 3) no more… than… 与……一样(不)……，不比……多 The officials could see no more than the Emperor. no less… than… 与……一样…… He is no less diligent than you. 4) more than 不只是，非常 She is more than kind to us all. 典型例题 1）The weather in China is different from____. A. in America B. one in America
C. America D. that in America 答案：D. 本题意为“中国的天气比美国热。” 比较的是天气而不是国家，C 不能选。A 没有名词，后句成分不全，排除。B 和 D 中，B 中的 one 常用来代替可数名词，而 that 可以代替不可数或抽象名词，所以选 D。2）After the new technique was introduced，the factory
produced ___ tractors in 1988 as the year before. A. as twice many B. as many twice
C. twice as many D. twice many as 答案C. 此句意为“这个厂1988能生产的拖拉机是往年的两倍”。 表示倍数用 “倍数+ as + 形容词原形+ as +比较对象”的句型。所以此句答案为C。 This ruler is three times as long as that one. 历年高考题选
形容词
1. What he said sounds ________. (1993上海)
A. nicely B. pleasantly C. friendly D. wonderfully
2. --- I’d like ________ information about the management of
your hotel, please.
--- Well, you could have _______ word with the manager.
He might be helpful.(1995上海)
A. some, a B. an, some C. some, some D. an, a
3. --- Have you finished your report yet?
--- No, I’ll finish in ________ ten minutes.(1995上海)
A. another B. other C, more D. less
4. She is _______ to leave as soon as possible. (1995上海)
A. hurried B. anxious C. worried D. nervousCAAB5. I need ________ cloth, for I’m going to make _______ clothes.
(1995上海)
A. a lot of, many B. much, much
C. many, many D. many, a lot of
6. --- When shall we meet again?
--- Make it ______ day you like, it’s all the same to me.(1996 N)
A. one B. any C. another D. some
7. If you are ______ about Australia cities, just read the book written
by Dr. Johnson.(1996上海)
A. interested B. anxious C. upset D. curious
8. Wait till you are more ______. It’s better to be sure than sorry.
( 1997 N)
A. inspired B. certain C. calm D. satisfied
9. Sarah has read lots of stories by American writers. Now she would
like to read ____ stories by writers from _____ countries. (1997 N)
A. some, any B. other, some C. other, other D. some, otherABDBD10. Their cheerful voice showed that they were having a ________
discussion. (1997上海)
A. noisy B. serious C. complete D. friendly
11. Don’t be too _______ about things you’re not supposed to know.
(1998上海)
A. strange B. amusing C. curious D. conscious
12. Some of the houses on the hillside are ______ to cars. (1998上海)
A. inaccessible B. impossible
C. inconvenient D. inadequate
13. ---- Are the new rules working?
---- Yes. _______ books are stolen. (1999 N)
A. Few B. More C. Some D. None
14. If you want to change for a double room you’ll have to pay
_______ $15. (2000 N)
A. another B. other C. more D. eachDCCAA15. I am surprised that you should have been fooled by such a (an)
_____ trick. (2001北京)
A. ordinary B. easy C. smart D. simple
16. As I know, there is ________ car in this neighborhood.
(2001上海)
A. no such B. no a C. not such D. no such a
17. All the people ________ at the party were his supporters.
(2002北京)
A. present B. thankful C. interested D. important
18. --- I’m very ________ with my own cooking. It looks nice and
smells delicious.
--- Mm, it does have a ________ smell. (2002北京)
A. pleasant, pleased B. pleased, pleased
C. pleasant, pleasant D. pleased, pleasantDAAD副词
1. We all write ______, even when there’s not much to say. (1994 N)
A. now and then B. by and by
C. step by step D. more or less
2. Can you believe that in ________ a rich country there should be
_______ many poor people? (1995 N)
A. such, such B. such, so C. so, so D. so, such
3. If we work with a strong will, we can overcome any difficulty,
______ great it is. (1995 N)
A. what B. how C. however D. whatever
4. It was ______ late to catch a bus after the party therefore we called
a taxi. (1995上海)
A. too very B. much too C. too much D. forABCB5. We don’t care if a hunting dog smells ____, but we really don’t
want him to smell ______. (1995上海)
A. well, well B. bad, bad C. well, badly D. badly, bad
6. We decided not to climb the mountains because it was raining
_______. (1996 N)
A. badly B. hardly C. strongly D. heavily
7. What a pity my new computer doesn’t work. _______must be
something wrong with it. (1999上海)
A. It B. There C. This D. That
8. It’s always difficult being in a foreign country, _______if you don’t
speak the language. (2000 N)
A. extremely B. naturally C. basically D. especially
9. It was raining heavily. Little Mary felt cold, so she stood ______ to
her mother.( 2002北京)
A. close B. closely C. closed D. closingCDBDA10. Two middle-aged passengers fell into the sea. ______,
neither of them could swim. ( 2002北京)
A. In fact B. Luckily C. Unfortunately D. Naturally
形容词和副词的级别：
She doesn’t speak ______ her friends, but her written work is
excellent. (1993 N)
A. as well as B. as often as C. so much as D. as good as
2. It takes a long time to go there by train. It’s ______ by road. (1993 N)
A. quick B. the quickest C. much quick D. quicker
3. It’s believed that ______ you work, ______ result you’ll get. (1993 上海)
A. the harder … the better B. the more hard … the more better
C. the hard … a better D. more hard … more hardCADA4. John plays football ________, if not better than, David.
(1994 N)
A. as well B. as well as C. so well D. so well as
5. If there were no examinations, we should have ________ at
school. (1994 N)
A. the happiest time B. a more happier time
C. much happiest time D. a much happier time
6. Of the two shirts, I’d like to choose __________ one.
(1994 上海)
A. the less expensive B. the most expensive
C. less expensive D. most expensive
7. If the manager had to choose between the two, he would say
John was ________ choice. (1995 上海)
A. good B. the best C. better D. the betterBDAD8. How beautifully she sings! I have never heard ________.
(1996 N)
A. the better voice B. a good voice
C. the best voice D. a better voice
9. --- Are you satisfied with her work?
--- Not at all. It couldn’t have been _______. (1997 上海)
A. worse B. so bad C. better D. the worst
10. Professor White has written some short stories, but he is
_________ known for his plays. (1998 N)
A. the best B. more C. better D. the most
11. We advertised for pupils last autumn, and got ________ 60.
(1998 上海)
A. more than B. more of C. as much as D. so many asDACA12. The dictionary gave me a better offer than ________.
(1999 上海)
A. that of Dick’s B. Dick’s
C. he gave Dick D. those of Dick
13. You’re standing too near the camera. Can you move ______?
(2000 上海)
A. a bit far B. a little farther
C. a bit of farther D. a little far
14. Greenland, ________ island in the world, covers over two
million square kilometers. (2000 上海)
A. it is the largest B. that is the largest
C. is the largest D. the largest
15. It is generally believed that teaching is _______ it is a
science. (2001 N)
A. an art much as B. much an art as
C. as an art much as D. as much an art asCBDD16. Many people have helped with canned food, however, the
food bank needs ________ for the poor. (2001 北京春季)
A．more B. much C. many D. most
17. In that case, there is nothing you can do ______ than wait.
(2001 北京春季)
A. more B. other C. better D. any
18. Boris has brains. In fact, I doubt whether anyone in the class
has ________ IQ. (2002 N)
A. a high B. a higher C. the higher D. the highest
19. Americans eat _____vegetables per person today as they did
in 1910. (2002 上海春季）
A．more than twice B. as twice as many
C. twice as many as D. more than twice as manyABBDGoodbye!
形容词修饰名词，说明事物或人的性质或特征。通常， 可将形容词分成性质形容词和叙述形容词两类，其位置不一定都放在名词前面。 1) 直接说明事物的性质或特征的形容词是性质形容词，它有级的变化，可以用程度副词修饰，在句中可作定语、表语和宾补。例如：hot 热的。
2) 叙述形容词只能作表语，所以又称为表语形容词。这类形容词没有级的变化，也不可用程度副词修饰。大多数以a开头的形容词都属于这一类。例如：afraid 害怕的。 （错） He is an ill man. (对） The man is ill. （错） She is an afraid girl.（对） The girl is afraid. 这类词还有： well，unwell，ill，faint，afraid，
alike，alive，alone，asleep，awake 等。 f. 3）形容词作定语修饰名词时，要放在名词的前边。但是下列情况要后置： ? a. some, any, no, every 构成的复合不定代词的修饰语要后
置．如：
something new; nothing serious; anything interesting ? b. else 修饰不定代词和疑问代词时，要后置。如：
Nobody else is so silly as you are. ? c. 不定式短语，动名词短语，分词短语，介词短语做定
语要后置。如：
Do you still remember the afternoon in the first year at
college when the professor gave us a chemistry lesson? ? d. 以 a- 开头的形容词做定语要后置．如：alike, alive,
alone, asleep, afraid, awake… 如：
He is the only man awake at that time. e. proper (本身), present (在场的，出席的), involved
(有关的), ?concerned (相关的), left (剩下的), objecting
(反对的), ?mentioned (提及的), selected (当选的)等词做
定语要后置。如：
the president elect; (当选的总统) the bride elect
China proper (中国本土) blood royal （王族）
the students present (出席的学生)
the cost involved (所需费用)
注意：有些形容词作定语时只能前置。如：
elder; inner; upper; lower; former; latter;
wooden; leaden; golden; silken; woolen 等。而且这类形容词不能用作表语。如：
This is a wooden house. She is my former teacher2. 以-ly 结尾的形容词
1） 大部分形容词加-ly 可构成副词。但 friendly，deadly，lovely，lonely，likely，lively，ugly，brotherly，manly, timely, worldly (老于世故的) 仍为形容词。 改错：(错） She sang lovely. （错） He spoke to me very friendly. （对） Her singing was lovely. （对） He spoke to me in a very friendly way. 2）有些以-ly 结尾既为形容词，也为副词。 daily，weekly，monthly，yearly，early The Times is a daily paper. The Times is published daily.?3. 用形容词表示类别和整体
1） 某些形容词加上定冠词可以泛指一类人，与谓语动词的复数连接。如：the dead，the living，the rich，the poor，the blind，the hungry The poor are losing hope.
The young should respect the old, while the old should
take care of the young.
2） 有关国家和民族的形容词加上定冠词指这个民族的整体，与动词的复数连用。 the British，the English，the French，the Chinese. The English have wonderful sense of humor.
The Chinese are a hardworking people.4 多个形容词修饰名词的顺序
多个形容词修饰名词时，其顺序为： 限定词--数词--描绘词--(大小，长短，形状，新旧，颜色) --出处--材料性质，类别--名词 a small round table a tall gray building a dirty old brown shirt a famous German medical school an expensive Japanese sports car
I have kept my first large black foreign watch for twenty
years.
She is a short thin old Japanese lady.典型例题: 1） Tony is going camping with ___ boys. A. little two other B. two little other
C. two other little D. little other two 答案：C。由“限定词--数词--描绘词--(大小，长短，形状，新旧，颜色) --性质--名词”的公式可知数词，描绘词，性质依次顺序，只有C符合答案
2) One day they crossed the ____bridge behind the palace. A. old Chinese stone B. Chinese old stone
C. old stone Chinese D. Chinese stone old 答案：A。 几个形容词修饰一个名词，他们的排列顺序是：年龄，形状，大小+颜色+来源+质地+用途+国家+名词。 3) ---- How was your recent visit to Qingdao? ---- It was great. We visited some friends，and spent the
___ days at the seaside. A. few last sunny B. last few sunny
C. last sunny few D. few sunny last 答案：B。本题考查多个形容词的排序问题。一般与被修饰形容词关系密切的形容词靠近名词；如果几个形容词的重要性差不多，音节少的形容词在前，音节多的方在后，在不能确定时，可参照下表。
限定词+数量词（序数词在前，基数词在后）+描绘
形容词+大小、长短、高低等形状+
those + three + beautiful + large + square 新旧+颜色+出处+材料+名词 old + brown + Chinese + wooden + table 5. 注意比较下列各组形容词
1). worth --- worthy --- worthwhile
2) alike --- like ---likely
3) dead --- deadly --- deathly
4) historic --- historical
5) live --- lively --- alive --- living
6) possible --- probable--- likely
7) valueless ---priceless
8) respectable (可敬的、高尚的) --- respectful (表示敬意的)
A respectable man is respectful to others.
9) healthy (健康的) --- healthful (有益于健康的)
The air at seaside is healthful to us. So all of us are healthy.6. 副词及其基本用法
副词主要用来修饰动词，形容词，副词或其他结构。 一、副词的位置： 1） 在动词之前。 2） 在be动词、助动词之后。 3） 多个助动词时，副词一般放在第一个助动词后。 注意： a. 大多数方式副词位于句尾，但宾语过长，副词可以提前，以使句子平衡。 We could see very clearly a strange light ahead of us. b. 方式副词well，badly糟、坏，hard等只放在句尾。 He speaks English well. 二、副词的排列顺序： 1） 时间，地点副词，小单位的在前，大单位在后。 2） 方式副词，短的在前，长的在后，并用 and 或 but 等连词连接。 Please write slowly and carefully. 3） 多个不同副词排列：程度 + 地点 + 方式 + 时间副词。 注意：(1) 副词 very 可以修饰形容词，但不能修饰动词。 改错：(错) I very like English. (对) I like English very much. (2) 副词 enough 要放在形容词的后面，形容词
enough 放在名词前后都可。 I don't know him well enough. There is enough food for everyone to eat. There is food enough for everyone to eat. 7. 兼有两种形式的副词
close与closely close意思是“近”； closely 意思是“仔细地” He is sitting close to me. Watch him closely.
late 与lately late意思是“晚”； lately 意思是“最近” You have come too late. What have you been doing lately?
3) deep与deeply deep意思是“深”，表示时间和空间深度；deeply时常
表示感情上的深度，"深深地" He pushed the stick deep into the mud. He often works deep into the night.
Even father was deeply moved by the film. high与highly high表示空间高度；highly表示程度，相当于much The plane was flying high. I think highly of your opinion.
5) wide与widely wide表示空间宽度；widely意思是“广泛地”，“在许多
地方” He opened the door wide. English is widely used in the world.
6) free与freely free的意思是"免费"；freely 的意思是"无限制地" You can eat free in my restaurant whenever you like. You may speak freely; say what you like. 8. 注意下列各组副词的用法区别
1) just --- just now
2) rather --- fairly
3) yet --- still --- already
4) hard --- hardly --- rarely --- scarcely
5) such a + adj. + n. --- so + adj. + a + n.
6) most --- mostly --- almost
7) especially --- specially
8) every day --- everyday
9) sometime --- sometimes ---some time9. 形容词与副词的比较级
大多数形容词（性质形容词）和副词有比较级和最高级的变化，即原级、比较级和最高级，用来表示事物的等级差别。原级即形容词的原形，比较级和最高级有规则变化和不规则变化两种。 1) 规则变化 单音节词和少数双音节词，加词尾-er，-est来构成比较级和最高级。 tall (高的) taller tallest great (巨大的) greater greatest nice (好的) nicer nicest large (大的) larger largest big(大的) bigger biggest hot热的) hotter hottest easy(容易的) easier easiest busy(忙的) busier busiest clever(聪明的) cleverer cleverest narrow(窄的) narrower narrowest important(重要的) more important most important easily(容易地) more easily most easily2) 不规则变化 原级 比较级 最高级 good(好的)/ better best well(健康的) bad (坏的)/ worse worst ill(有病的) old (老的) older/elder oldest/eldest much/many(多的) more most little(少的) less least far (远的) farther/further farthest/furthest 10 . as + 形容词或副词原级 + as
1）在否定句或疑问句中可用so… as。 He cannot run so/as fast as you. 2）当as… as 中间有名词时采用以下格式。 as +形容词+ a +单数名词 as + many/much +名词 This is as good an example as the other is. I can carry as much paper as you can.. 3）用表示倍数的词或其他程度副词做修饰语时，放在as的
前面。 This room is twice as big as that one. Your room is the same size as mine. 4) 倍数+ the + n + of <=>倍数+ as + adj. + as
This bridge is three times as long as that one. This bridge is three times the length of that one. Your room is twice as large as mine. Your room is twice the size of mine.
5) 数量词 + senior / junior + to
He is seven years senior to his wife.
I am three years junior to my elder sister.11 . 比较级形容词或副词 + than
You are taller than I. 注意： 1）要避免重复使用比较级。 (错) He is more cleverer than his brother. (对) He is more clever than his brother. (对) He is cleverer than his brother. 2）要避免将主语含在比较对象中。 (错) China is larger that any country in Asia. (对) China is larger than any other countries in Asia. 3）要注意对应句型，遵循前后一致的原则。 The population of Shanghai is larger than that of Beijing. It is easier to make a plan than to carry it out.4）要注意冠词的使用，后有名词的时候，前面才有可能有冠词。 比较：Which is larger, Canada or Australia? Which is the larger country, Canada or Australia? She is taller than her two sisters. She is the taller of the two sisters. 12. 可修饰比较级的词
1）a bit, a little, rather, much, far, by far, many, a lot, lots,
a great deal, any, still, even等 2）还可以用表示倍数的词或度量名词作修饰语。 3）以上词 (除by far) 外，必须置于比较级形容词或副词的前
面。 典型例题: 1） ---- Are you feeling ____? ---- Yes，I’m fine now. A. any well B. any better
C. quite good D. quite better 答案：B. any 可修饰比较级，quite修饰原级，well的比较
级为better. 2）The experiment was____ easier than we had expected. A. more B. much more
C. much D. more much 答案：C. much可修饰比较级，因此B，C都说得通，但
easier本身已是比较级，不需more，因此C为正确答
案。
3）If there were no examinations, we should have ___ at
school. A. the happiest time B. a more happier time C. much happiest time D. a much happier time 答案：D。注意 have a happy time 为一固定结构，它的比
较级为 have a better time。13. many, old 和 far
1）如果后接名词时， much more +不可数名词 many more +可数名词复数
2） old 有两种比较级和最高级形式: older/oldest 和 elder /
eldest。 elder，eldest 只用于兄弟姐妹的长幼关系。 My elder brother is an engineer. Mary is the eldest of the three sisters.
3)）far 有两种比较级，farther，further. 在英语中两者都可指距离。在美语中，father 表示距离，further表示进一步。 I have nothing further to say. 14. the + 最高级 + 比较范围
The Sahara is the biggest desert in the world.
形容词最高级前必须用定冠词 the，副词最高级前可不用。
The shortest boy runs fastest in the 100-meter race.
形容词 most 前面没有 the，不表示最高级的含义，只表示“非常”。 It is a most important problem. = It is a very important problem. 注意： 使用最高级要注意将主语包括在比较范围内。 (错) Tom is the tallest of his three brothers. (对) Tom is the tallest of the three brothers.
2) 下列词可修饰最高级，by far, far, much, mostly, almost This hat is nearly / almost the biggest. 注意： a. very 可修饰最高级，但位置与much不同。 This is the very best. This is much the best. b. 序数词通常只修饰最高级。 Africa is the second largest continent. 3) 句型转换： Mike is the most intelligent in his class. Mike is more intelligent than any other student in his class. 4) “否定词语 + 比较级”，“否定词语 + so… as” 结构表示最
高级含义。 Nothing is so easy as this. = Nothing is easier than this. = This is the easiest thing. 15. 和more有关的词组
1) the more… the more… 越……就越…… The harder you work，the greater progress you‘ll make. 2) more B than A 与其说A不如说B less A than B He is more lazy than slow at his work. = He is less slow than lazy at his work. 3) no more… than… 与……一样(不)……，不比……多 The officials could see no more than the Emperor. no less… than… 与……一样…… He is no less diligent than you. 4) more than 不只是，非常 She is more than kind to us all. 典型例题 1）The weather in China is different from____. A. in America B. one in America
C. America D. that in America 答案：D. 本题意为“中国的天气比美国热。” 比较的是天气而不是国家，C 不能选。A 没有名词，后句成分不全，排除。B 和 D 中，B 中的 one 常用来代替可数名词，而 that 可以代替不可数或抽象名词，所以选 D。2）After the new technique was introduced，the factory
produced ___ tractors in 1988 as the year before. A. as twice many B. as many twice
C. twice as many D. twice many as 答案C. 此句意为“这个厂1988能生产的拖拉机是往年的两倍”。 表示倍数用 “倍数+ as + 形容词原形+ as +比较对象”的句型。所以此句答案为C。 This ruler is three times as long as that one. 历年高考题选
形容词
1. What he said sounds ________. (1993上海)
A. nicely B. pleasantly C. friendly D. wonderfully
2. --- I’d like ________ information about the management of
your hotel, please.
--- Well, you could have _______ word with the manager.
He might be helpful.(1995上海)
A. some, a B. an, some C. some, some D. an, a
3. --- Have you finished your report yet?
--- No, I’ll finish in ________ ten minutes.(1995上海)
A. another B. other C, more D. less
4. She is _______ to leave as soon as possible. (1995上海)
A. hurried B. anxious C. worried D. nervousCAAB5. I need ________ cloth, for I’m going to make _______ clothes.
(1995上海)
A. a lot of, many B. much, much
C. many, many D. many, a lot of
6. --- When shall we meet again?
--- Make it ______ day you like, it’s all the same to me.(1996 N)
A. one B. any C. another D. some
7. If you are ______ about Australia cities, just read the book written
by Dr. Johnson.(1996上海)
A. interested B. anxious C. upset D. curious
8. Wait till you are more ______. It’s better to be sure than sorry.
( 1997 N)
A. inspired B. certain C. calm D. satisfied
9. Sarah has read lots of stories by American writers. Now she would
like to read ____ stories by writers from _____ countries. (1997 N)
A. some, any B. other, some C. other, other D. some, otherABDBD10. Their cheerful voice showed that they were having a ________
discussion. (1997上海)
A. noisy B. serious C. complete D. friendly
11. Don’t be too _______ about things you’re not supposed to know.
(1998上海)
A. strange B. amusing C. curious D. conscious
12. Some of the houses on the hillside are ______ to cars. (1998上海)
A. inaccessible B. impossible
C. inconvenient D. inadequate
13. ---- Are the new rules working?
---- Yes. _______ books are stolen. (1999 N)
A. Few B. More C. Some D. None
14. If you want to change for a double room you’ll have to pay
_______ $15. (2000 N)
A. another B. other C. more D. eachDCCAA15. I am surprised that you should have been fooled by such a (an)
_____ trick. (2001北京)
A. ordinary B. easy C. smart D. simple
16. As I know, there is ________ car in this neighborhood.
(2001上海)
A. no such B. no a C. not such D. no such a
17. All the people ________ at the party were his supporters.
(2002北京)
A. present B. thankful C. interested D. important
18. --- I’m very ________ with my own cooking. It looks nice and
smells delicious.
--- Mm, it does have a ________ smell. (2002北京)
A. pleasant, pleased B. pleased, pleased
C. pleasant, pleasant D. pleased, pleasantDAAD副词
1. We all write ______, even when there’s not much to say. (1994 N)
A. now and then B. by and by
C. step by step D. more or less
2. Can you believe that in ________ a rich country there should be
_______ many poor people? (1995 N)
A. such, such B. such, so C. so, so D. so, such
3. If we work with a strong will, we can overcome any difficulty,
______ great it is. (1995 N)
A. what B. how C. however D. whatever
4. It was ______ late to catch a bus after the party therefore we called
a taxi. (1995上海)
A. too very B. much too C. too much D. forABCB5. We don’t care if a hunting dog smells ____, but we really don’t
want him to smell ______. (1995上海)
A. well, well B. bad, bad C. well, badly D. badly, bad
6. We decided not to climb the mountains because it was raining
_______. (1996 N)
A. badly B. hardly C. strongly D. heavily
7. What a pity my new computer doesn’t work. _______must be
something wrong with it. (1999上海)
A. It B. There C. This D. That
8. It’s always difficult being in a foreign country, _______if you don’t
speak the language. (2000 N)
A. extremely B. naturally C. basically D. especially
9. It was raining heavily. Little Mary felt cold, so she stood ______ to
her mother.( 2002北京)
A. close B. closely C. closed D. closingCDBDA10. Two middle-aged passengers fell into the sea. ______,
neither of them could swim. ( 2002北京)
A. In fact B. Luckily C. Unfortunately D. Naturally
形容词和副词的级别：
She doesn’t speak ______ her friends, but her written work is
excellent. (1993 N)
A. as well as B. as often as C. so much as D. as good as
2. It takes a long time to go there by train. It’s ______ by road. (1993 N)
A. quick B. the quickest C. much quick D. quicker
3. It’s believed that ______ you work, ______ result you’ll get. (1993 上海)
A. the harder … the better B. the more hard … the more better
C. the hard … a better D. more hard … more hardCADA4. John plays football ________, if not better than, David.
(1994 N)
A. as well B. as well as C. so well D. so well as
5. If there were no examinations, we should have ________ at
school. (1994 N)
A. the happiest time B. a more happier time
C. much happiest time D. a much happier time
6. Of the two shirts, I’d like to choose __________ one.
(1994 上海)
A. the less expensive B. the most expensive
C. less expensive D. most expensive
7. If the manager had to choose between the two, he would say
John was ________ choice. (1995 上海)
A. good B. the best C. better D. the betterBDAD8. How beautifully she sings! I have never heard ________.
(1996 N)
A. the better voice B. a good voice
C. the best voice D. a better voice
9. --- Are you satisfied with her work?
--- Not at all. It couldn’t have been _______. (1997 上海)
A. worse B. so bad C. better D. the worst
10. Professor White has written some short stories, but he is
_________ known for his plays. (1998 N)
A. the best B. more C. better D. the most
11. We advertised for pupils last autumn, and got ________ 60.
(1998 上海)
A. more than B. more of C. as much as D. so many asDACA12. The dictionary gave me a better offer than ________.
(1999 上海)
A. that of Dick’s B. Dick’s
C. he gave Dick D. those of Dick
13. You’re standing too near the camera. Can you move ______?
(2000 上海)
A. a bit far B. a little farther
C. a bit of farther D. a little far
14. Greenland, ________ island in the world, covers over two
million square kilometers. (2000 上海)
A. it is the largest B. that is the largest
C. is the largest D. the largest
15. It is generally believed that teaching is _______ it is a
science. (2001 N)
A. an art much as B. much an art as
C. as an art much as D. as much an art asCBDD16. Many people have helped with canned food, however, the
food bank needs ________ for the poor. (2001 北京春季)
A．more B. much C. many D. most
17. In that case, there is nothing you can do ______ than wait.
(2001 北京春季)
A. more B. other C. better D. any
18. Boris has brains. In fact, I doubt whether anyone in the class
has ________ IQ. (2002 N)
A. a high B. a higher C. the higher D. the highest
19. Americans eat _____vegetables per person today as they did
in 1910. (2002 上海春季）
A．more than twice B. as twice as many
C. twice as many as D. more than twice as manyABBDGoodbye!