情态动词[上学期]
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课件38张PPT。Modal verbs 情态动词表一定的词义，本身并不表示动作或状态，而仅仅表达说话人的态度，它在句中须和主要动词一起构成谓语，主要的情态动词有can(could), may (might), must, have to, ought to, need, dare, shall, should, will, would. 1、can 能，可以，表说话人同意，许可还可表客观条件许可，如:You can go now. 提建议或请求时可用can I, can you表客气，如Can I buy you a drink? can和be able to表能力时的区别。 can表一般具有的能力，be able to表在特定条件下的能力，如:Although the driver was badly hurt, he was able to explain what had happened. 2、may （1）、可以，表说话人同意，许可或请求对方许可。You may go. （2）、（现在和将来）可能，也许，只用于肯定句和否定句中，如He may not be right. 3、must, have to must表主观上的必须，have to表客观上的必须，如:It's getting late. I have to go.
-Must I go now. -Yes, you must. (No, you needn't./ No, you don't have to.) 4、need, dare这二词有实意动词和情态动词两种词性，如用作实意动词后接动词不定式to do，如用作情态动词后接动词原形。
Need I go now?
--Yes, you must./No, you needn't.) 5、shall用于第一人称疑问句中表说话人征求对方的意见或向对方请求，如，Shall we begin our lesson? 用于二、三人称陈述句，表说话人命令、警告、允诺、威胁等口吻，如: You shall fail if you don't work harder. 6、should表应该，意为有责任，有义务。如:We should try our best to make our country more beautiful. 7、will表有做某事的意志、意愿、安心、打算，如 "Will you lend me your book?" "Yes, I will."， (1）情态动词+动词完成式: must have done
(2）情态动词+动词进行式: must be doing
(3）情态动词+动词完成进行式: must have been doing
8、should have done表应该做而未做 must have done表对过去事实的肯定推测 could have done表本可以做某事 9、判断句：肯定句用must, 否定句用can't, 不太肯定用may, might He must be in the office now. He must have gone to bed, for the light is out. He can't be in the office. He is at home. He couldn't have cleaned the classroom, because he didn't come here today. He might be in the office, I am not sure. He might have cleaned the room, I suppose.
1) You____ all those clothes! We have a washing machine to do that sort of thing
A) needn't have washed
B) shouldn't have washed
C) must not have washed
D) can not have washed
A2) John's score on the test is the highest in the class; he____ last night.
A) should study
B) should have studied
C) must have studied
D) must have to study
C3) The room is in a terrible mess; it ____cleaned. (CET-4, 1996,6)
A) can't have been
B) shouldn't have been
C) mustn't have been
D) wouldn't have been
A4) Nobody knows how people first came to these islands. They ____ from South America on rafts.
A) must have sailed
B) can sail
C) might have sailed
D) should have sailed
C 5) Mary was not in her bedroom yesterday afternoon. She ____ in her classroom.
A) should have been
B) must have been
C) must be
D) should be
B6) Bob said he was going to join our club but he didn't. He ____ his mind.
A) can't have changed
B) wouldn't have changed
C) must have changed
D) shouldn't have changed
C7) You____ to town to see the film yesterday. It will be on TV tonight.
A) needn't go
B) had better not go
C) should not go
D) needn't have gone
D 8) We____ the letter yesterday, but it didn't arrive.
A) must receive
B) ought to receive
C) must have received
D) ought to have received
D 9) With all the work on hand, he____ to the cinema last night.
A) mustn't go
B) shouldn't have gone
C) could not go
D) couldn't have gone
D10) Eve was late for class again. She ____earlier.
A) should get up
B) must get up
C) need to get up
D) should have got up
D11) I am feeling sick. I____ so much chocolate.
A) needn't have eaten
B) couldn't have eaten
C) mustn't have eaten
D) shouldn't have eaten
D12) I didn't send out my application form last week, but I ____.
A) had
B) would do
C) should have
D) might have to
C13) Walking alone in the deserted village, John was scared. He thought he____ Tom to go with him.
A) might have asked
B) should asked
C) must have asked
D) should have asked
D14) When I got to the cinema, the film had already started; I____ there earlier.
A) ought to get
B) ought to have got
C) must have got
D) must get
B 15) The road was muddy. It____ last night.
A) must rained
B) must have rained
C) must be rained
D) could have rained
B16) She can speak quite fluent English. She____.
A) must been in the U.S.A. for some time
B) must have been in the U.S.A. for some time
C) should have been in the U.S.A. for some time
D) may be in the U.S.A. for some time
B17) You should bear in mind that he is not so strong as he____.
A) was used to be
B) used to be
C) was used to
D) use to
B18)“We didn't see him at the exhibition yesterday.”“He ___it.”
A) mustn't visit
B) can't have visited
C) should have gone to see
D) may see
C19) Mary ____my letter, otherwise she would have replied before now.
A) should have received
B) has received
C) couldn't have received
D) ought to have received
C20) I ____ you a valuable present for your birthday, but I was short of money.
A) would have liked to give
B) liked to give
C) have liked to give
D) would like to give
A21)“Where ____ my umbrella?”“Somebody ____ it away by mistake.”
A) is, must have taken
B) is, must take
C) have been, must take
D) is, takes
A22) What ____ would happen if the director knew you felt that way?
A) will you suppose
B) you suppose
C) do you suppose
D) you would suppose
C23) Two eyes ____see more than one.
A) can
B) may
C) will
D) should
A 24) ____ you continue in your efforts and achieve new and greater successes.
A) Would
B) Will
C) May
D) Should
C25) We ought to help each other in our work, ____?
A) oughtn't we
B) should we
C) shouldn't we
D) ought to we
A27) You ____ your tooth pulled out before it rot completely.
A) had better got
B) had to get better
C) had better to get
D) had better get
D28) When we got to the cinema, the film hasn't started yet, so we ____.
A) needn't hurry
B) didn't need hurry
C) needn't to hurry
D) needn't have hurried
D29) It was really very dangerous; you ____ him seriously.
A) might have injured
B) could injure
C) should have injured
D) must injure
A30) As he had heart attack, he was told that he ____ continue the work.
A) needn't
B) may not
C) mustn't
D) can't
C
-Must I go now. -Yes, you must. (No, you needn't./ No, you don't have to.) 4、need, dare这二词有实意动词和情态动词两种词性，如用作实意动词后接动词不定式to do，如用作情态动词后接动词原形。
Need I go now?
--Yes, you must./No, you needn't.) 5、shall用于第一人称疑问句中表说话人征求对方的意见或向对方请求，如，Shall we begin our lesson? 用于二、三人称陈述句，表说话人命令、警告、允诺、威胁等口吻，如: You shall fail if you don't work harder. 6、should表应该，意为有责任，有义务。如:We should try our best to make our country more beautiful. 7、will表有做某事的意志、意愿、安心、打算，如 "Will you lend me your book?" "Yes, I will."， (1）情态动词+动词完成式: must have done
(2）情态动词+动词进行式: must be doing
(3）情态动词+动词完成进行式: must have been doing
8、should have done表应该做而未做 must have done表对过去事实的肯定推测 could have done表本可以做某事 9、判断句：肯定句用must, 否定句用can't, 不太肯定用may, might He must be in the office now. He must have gone to bed, for the light is out. He can't be in the office. He is at home. He couldn't have cleaned the classroom, because he didn't come here today. He might be in the office, I am not sure. He might have cleaned the room, I suppose.
1) You____ all those clothes! We have a washing machine to do that sort of thing
A) needn't have washed
B) shouldn't have washed
C) must not have washed
D) can not have washed
A2) John's score on the test is the highest in the class; he____ last night.
A) should study
B) should have studied
C) must have studied
D) must have to study
C3) The room is in a terrible mess; it ____cleaned. (CET-4, 1996,6)
A) can't have been
B) shouldn't have been
C) mustn't have been
D) wouldn't have been
A4) Nobody knows how people first came to these islands. They ____ from South America on rafts.
A) must have sailed
B) can sail
C) might have sailed
D) should have sailed
C 5) Mary was not in her bedroom yesterday afternoon. She ____ in her classroom.
A) should have been
B) must have been
C) must be
D) should be
B6) Bob said he was going to join our club but he didn't. He ____ his mind.
A) can't have changed
B) wouldn't have changed
C) must have changed
D) shouldn't have changed
C7) You____ to town to see the film yesterday. It will be on TV tonight.
A) needn't go
B) had better not go
C) should not go
D) needn't have gone
D 8) We____ the letter yesterday, but it didn't arrive.
A) must receive
B) ought to receive
C) must have received
D) ought to have received
D 9) With all the work on hand, he____ to the cinema last night.
A) mustn't go
B) shouldn't have gone
C) could not go
D) couldn't have gone
D10) Eve was late for class again. She ____earlier.
A) should get up
B) must get up
C) need to get up
D) should have got up
D11) I am feeling sick. I____ so much chocolate.
A) needn't have eaten
B) couldn't have eaten
C) mustn't have eaten
D) shouldn't have eaten
D12) I didn't send out my application form last week, but I ____.
A) had
B) would do
C) should have
D) might have to
C13) Walking alone in the deserted village, John was scared. He thought he____ Tom to go with him.
A) might have asked
B) should asked
C) must have asked
D) should have asked
D14) When I got to the cinema, the film had already started; I____ there earlier.
A) ought to get
B) ought to have got
C) must have got
D) must get
B 15) The road was muddy. It____ last night.
A) must rained
B) must have rained
C) must be rained
D) could have rained
B16) She can speak quite fluent English. She____.
A) must been in the U.S.A. for some time
B) must have been in the U.S.A. for some time
C) should have been in the U.S.A. for some time
D) may be in the U.S.A. for some time
B17) You should bear in mind that he is not so strong as he____.
A) was used to be
B) used to be
C) was used to
D) use to
B18)“We didn't see him at the exhibition yesterday.”“He ___it.”
A) mustn't visit
B) can't have visited
C) should have gone to see
D) may see
C19) Mary ____my letter, otherwise she would have replied before now.
A) should have received
B) has received
C) couldn't have received
D) ought to have received
C20) I ____ you a valuable present for your birthday, but I was short of money.
A) would have liked to give
B) liked to give
C) have liked to give
D) would like to give
A21)“Where ____ my umbrella?”“Somebody ____ it away by mistake.”
A) is, must have taken
B) is, must take
C) have been, must take
D) is, takes
A22) What ____ would happen if the director knew you felt that way?
A) will you suppose
B) you suppose
C) do you suppose
D) you would suppose
C23) Two eyes ____see more than one.
A) can
B) may
C) will
D) should
A 24) ____ you continue in your efforts and achieve new and greater successes.
A) Would
B) Will
C) May
D) Should
C25) We ought to help each other in our work, ____?
A) oughtn't we
B) should we
C) shouldn't we
D) ought to we
A27) You ____ your tooth pulled out before it rot completely.
A) had better got
B) had to get better
C) had better to get
D) had better get
D28) When we got to the cinema, the film hasn't started yet, so we ____.
A) needn't hurry
B) didn't need hurry
C) needn't to hurry
D) needn't have hurried
D29) It was really very dangerous; you ____ him seriously.
A) might have injured
B) could injure
C) should have injured
D) must injure
A30) As he had heart attack, he was told that he ____ continue the work.
A) needn't
B) may not
C) mustn't
D) can't
C