课件10张PPT。Modal Verb情态动词
（3）情态动词表不同的“肯定”程度（1）不同的 “ 肯定 ” 程度可按下列层次排列 ：
He is at home . ( 事实 ）
He must be at home .（ 非常可能）
He could be at home .（ 很可能 ）
He ought to be at home .（ 很可能 ）
He may be at home .（ 仅仅可能 ） 情态动词表不同的“肯定”程度(2)He might be at home .（ 或许 ）
He isn‘t at home .（事实）
He can‘t be home .（ 接近肯定 ）
He couldn‘t be at home .(不及 can’t 肯定）
He may not be at home . （可能 ，但不肯定 ）
He might not be at home .（不及 may 肯定 ）。补充can&be able to
had better
would rather
can&be able to1）can/could 表示能力；可能 (过去时用could), 只用于现在式和过去式(could)。be able to可以用于各种时态。
2）只用be able to a. 位于助动词后。 b. 情态动词后。 c. 表示过去某时刻动作时。 d. 用于句首表示条件。 e. 表示成功地做了某事时，只能用was/were able to， 不能用could。 had betterhad better 相当于一个助动词，它只有一种形式，它后面要跟动词原形。 had better do sth had better not do sth e.g. It is pretty cold. You‘d better put on my coat. e.g. She’d better not play with the dog. 注意：had better have done sth表示与事实相反的结果，意为"本来最好"。 You had better have come earlier. would rather would rather do would rather not do would rather… than…
宁愿……而不愿。 还有would sooner, had rather, had sooner都表示"宁愿"、"宁可"的意思。e.g. If I have a choice, I had sooner not continue my studies at this school. e.g. I would rather stay here than go home.
= I would stay here rather than go home.课件9张PPT。Unit 2 巩固练习情态动词练习(1) 1.-- ____it be Li Ping who broke the glass?
-- No. It ___ be Wu Dong who did it .
Can ; must B. Must; need
C. May; must D. Need; can√2. --Don’t forget to visit me when you come to Beijing .
-- _______.
A. I don’t B. I won’t
C. I don’t D. I haven’t
3. – Could I use your bike?
-- Yes, surely you____.
A. might B. will
C. can D. should √√ 4. Her brother ____ be at home now, because he was seen playing basketball in the stadium just now.
A. mustn’t B. needn’t
C. can’t D. shouldn’t √ 5. -- When can you get my car repaired ? I need it tomorrow morning.
-- It ___ be ready by 8:00.
A. can B. need
C. might D. should √ 6. -- Are you coming for dinner?
-- I’m not quite sure. I ___ go to my uncle’s instead.
A. must B. would
C. should D. might √7. Don’t believe him. What he said ___ be true.
mustn’t B. needn’t
C. shouldn’t D. may not√8. -- ___ I go home now, sir?
-- No, you ___ . You should finish the composition first.
A. Might ; wouldn’t
B. May; had better not
C. Must; mustn’t
D. Need; mustn’t
√9. -- ___ he use your bike?
-- Certainly. Here is the key.
A. Shall B. Must C. Will D. Does
10. Mr. Bush is on time for everything. How ___ he be later for the important meeting?
Would B. should
C. Might D. need √√课件8张PPT。 情态动词练习（2）I lived with my sister this summer and didn’t have to pay rent . So I ___ save most of my salary.
A. was able to B. would
C. could D. should √2. I promised to get there before 5’clock , but now the traffic is still so heavy . They ___ for me impatiently.
A. may wait
B. must be waiting
C. could wait
D. out to wait √ 3. I ___ her , but I never could .
A. ought to help B. must help
C. must have helped
D. ought to have helped
4. The Smiths went to the country for the weekend as they ___ to the office.
A. needn’t have gone B. mustn’t go
C. may not go
D. didn’t have to go √√5. My parents never remember my telephone number, and they always ___ look it up.
A. should B. can
C. have to D. must√6. Bobby ___ me your secret , but he meant to no harm.
A. shouldn’t have told
B. should tell
C. mustn’t have told
D. could tell √7. If you ___ go, at least wait until the rain stops.
can B. must
C. should D. would
8. You ___ follow me if I am wrong.
A. must B. don’t have to
C. wouldn’t D. ought to √√9. ___ you like to have a walk with us this evening ?
A. Could B. Will C. would D. Can
10. – Mr. Wang , I will go and fetch four chairs for the meeting.
-- You ___ fetch four; two will do.
A. won’t B. couldn’t
C. shouldn’t D. needn’t √√课件34张PPT。情态动词刘延语法特征1） 情态动词不能表示正在发生或已经发生的事情，只表示期待或估计某事的发生。
2） 情态动词 除ought 和have 外，后面只能接不带to 的不定式。
3） 情态动词没有人称，数的变化，即情态动词第三人称单数不加-s。
4） 情态动词没有非谓语形式，即没有不定式，分词，等形式。 主要情态动词Can, could
May, might
Must
Ought
Need
Dare, daredcan表能力：I can read very fast.
表客观可能性：Mary can’t be the leader.
表允许：You can take it away.
表怀疑：How can you finish it?could表能力/可能性：Could you finish it soon?
表怀疑：He could not be 50.
委婉地提出问题：Could you show me the pass?
用于虚拟：If you had come, you could have got a wonderful gift.may询问或说明可不可以做：May I ask you a question?
表可能会发生：He may get angry.
表目的或让步的从句：Come here in time so that you may see the singer.might表可能的事：（同may）
表目的从句： （同may）
用于虚拟： If you had finished it, the boss might have given you some promotion.
must表必须做的事：You must hand in your homework this Friday.
表揣测：It must have rained last night.
表“偏偏”的意思：He must get a fever when we were ready to get off.ought 表应该做的事：You ought to do it carefully.
表非常可能的事：He ought to be here by now.
need表需要；主要用于否定句或疑问句：We needn’t hurry.
可用于否定意思的句子：I don’t think you need do it.
作及物动词，和不定式连用：He didn’t need to say that to her.
dare表“敢于”，主要用于疑问句、否定句和条件从句：He dare not tell him the news.
作及物动词，与不定式连用：We don’t dare to enter the house.情态动词接不同形式的用法 情态词 + 不带 to 的不定式
情态词 + 进行时
情态动词的过去时
情态词 + 完成式
情态动词表不同的“肯定”程度
练习情态词 + 不带 to 的不定式在这种结构中 ， 所有的情态动词都可以指直接的现在或将来 。
e.g. I may / can / must go there now . 我也许 / 可能 / 应该现在去那里 。
He can’t leave yet . 他现在还不能走 。
I may / can / must go there tomorrow . 我也许 / 可能 / 应该明天那儿 。
另外 ，此种结构也可用来一 “ 推测 ”， 但这时情态动词后的动词 ，仅限于静态动词 。
e.g. He must be at home , since the light in his room is still on . 房里的灯还亮着 ，他一定在家 。
He must know the answer . 他一定知道答案 。
情态词 + 进行时这种形式往往可用来表示 ：
A . 可能或推测 ： Meg may be phoning her fiance . 梅格可能在给他的未婚夫打电话 。 You must be joking ! 你准是在开玩笑 。
He can‘t be leaving yet . 他现在还不会走 。
B . 使语气更委婉 ： We must / may / should be leaving soon . 我们必须 / 也许 / 应该马上走 。
C . 其它用法 ： You must be working when the inspector comes in . 检查员进来时你必须在工作 。 情态动词的过去时 would , could , might 和 should 在形式上都可以说是过去时 ， 但这一点与其用法和意义并无多大关系 。我们一般把其用于间 接引语时叫做 “ 过去时 ” 。
e.g. He said you could / would / might leave early .
但在更多的情况下，might 表示比 may 更不肯定的情况 。
在疑问句中 ，could ,would 比 can , will 更客气 , should 是 “ 应该 ” ， 表一种义务 。
e.g. I might see you tomorrow . Could you help me , please ? Would you please show me the way ? He said I should see a doctor . 情态词 + 完成式（一）它包括两种形式 ：
1）“ 情态词 + have + 过去分词 ” ；
2）“ 情态词 + have been + 现在分词 ”。 情态词 + 完成式（二）它们的用法如下 ：
非推测性用法 ：
“ could + 完成式 ” ， 即用于肯定句中 ，可以表示“ 本 来可以完成而未完成的动作 ” 。
E.g.-- We could have walked to the station;it was so near . --Yes . A taxi wasn‘t at all necessary .
“ needn’t + 完成式 ” ，即用于否定句中 ，意为“ 本来 不必 ” ，指实际上做了本来不必做的事 。
E.g. There were plenty of time . She needn‘t have hurried .情态词 + 完成式（三） “ ought to / should + 完成式 ” ，表示“ 本来应该 ”，指本 该做而实际未做的事 ， 否定句则表示实际做了本不应该做的事 。
E.g. The plant is dead , I should have given it more water . / We shouldn‘t have waited for her because she never come .
“ might + 完成式 ” ，那用于肯定句 ，可以表示本来可以做 而实际未做的事 ，暗含一种责备 ， 此时不可用 may 替代 。
E.g. He might have given you more help , even though he was very busy .情态词 + 完成式（四）推测性用法 : 对过去的事情进行推测时 ，我们可以采取“ 情态词 + 完成式 ” 形式 。
“ can / could + 完成式 ” 表推测时多用于疑问句或否定句中 ，不用于肯定句 。
E.g. He can't / couldn't have forgotten you address so soon. /Can she have lost the book ?
“ must + 完成式 ” 意为“ 准是已 ”往往用于肯定句中 ，其否定形式是 can't , 不是 mustn't .
He must have left early . ( 否定 ：He can't have left early . ) / He must have been working late . ( 否定 ： He can't be working late . )
情态词 + 完成式（五）“ may / might + 完成式 ” 表示“ 可能已经 ” ， “ 或许已经 ” ，是对已经发生事情的 不太肯定的推测 ，其中 may 一般不用于疑问句中 。
E.g. You may ( might ) have read about it in the papers . /He may ( might ) not have finished the work .
另外 ， 有时亦可用 should和ought to 表“可能”或“推测”， 但由于 should 和 ought to 常表示 “ 义务 ” 因而会产生歧义 ， 所义并不常用 。 John ought to / should have left by tomorrow .
在疑问句和否定句中 ，通常不用 should 和 ought to 来表示 “ 可能 ” 或 “ 推测 ” 。
情态词 + 完成式（六）有时候 ， 如果表示的 “ 可能 ” 或 “ 推论 ” 的依据几乎可以 肯定的话 ，也可以用 will 和 would .
E.g. That will be Roland , I can hear him at the door . / That will have been Roland . He said he'd be back at. / That won't be Roland . I am not expecting him yet .
情态动词表不同的“肯定”程度（一）不同的 “ 肯定 ” 程度可按下列层次排列 ：
He is at home . ( 事实 ）
He must be at home .（ 非常可能）
He could be at home .（ 很可能 ）
He ought to be at home .（ 很可能 ）
He may be at home .（ 仅仅可能 ） 情态动词表不同的“肯定”程度(二)He might be at home .（ 或许 ）
He isn‘t at home .（ 事实 ）
He can‘t be home .（ 接近肯定 ）
He couldn‘t be at home .（ 不及 can’t 肯定 ）
He may not be at home . （ 可能 ，但不肯定 ）
He might not be at home .（ 不及 may 肯定 ）。补充can&be able to
had better
would rather
can&be able to1）can/could 表示能力；可能 (过去时用could), 只用于现在式和过去式(could)。be able to可以用于各种时态。
2）只用be able to a. 位于助动词后。 b. 情态动词后。 c. 表示过去某时刻动作时。 d. 用于句首表示条件。 e. 表示成功地做了某事时，只能用was/were able to， 不能用could。 had betterhad better 相当于一个助动词，它只有一种形式，它后面要跟动词原形。 had better do sth had better not do sth e.g. It is pretty cold. You‘d better put on my coat. e.g. She’d better not play with the dog. 注意：had better have done sth表示与事实相反的结果，意为"本来最好"。 You had better have come earlier. would rather would rather do would rather not do would rather… than… 宁愿……而不愿。 还有would sooner, had rather, had sooner都表示"宁愿"、"宁可"的意思。 e.g. If I have a choice, I had sooner not continue my studies at this school. e.g. I would rather stay here than go home. = I would stay here rather than go home. 练习1.The traditional goal of science is to discover how things are,not how they ought . ［A］ to ［B］ to be ［C］ be ［D］ have been
2.Although Oriental ideas of woman’s subordination to man prevailed in those days, she
meet with men on an equal basis. ［A］ did not dared ［B］ dared not ［C］ dared not to ［D］ did dare not to 练习3) It? around nine o’clock when I drove back home because it was already dark. ［A］ had to be ［B］ must be
［C］ was to be ［D］ must have been
4) John’s score on the test is the highest in the class; ［A］ he should study last night ［B］ he should have studied last night ［C］ he must have studied last night ［D］ he must had to study last night 练习5) You yesterday if you were really serious about your work. ［A］ ought to come
［B］ ought to be coming ［C］ ought to have come
［D］ ought have come
6) “We didn’t see him at the lecture yesterday.”“He it.” ［A］mustn’t attended
［B］couldn't have attended ［C］would have not attended
［D］needn’t have attended
练习7) You all these parcels yourself. The shop would have delivered them if you had asked a shop assistant. ［A］ didn’t need to carry［B］ needn’t have carried ［C］ needn’t carry ［D］ didn’t need carry
8) “Did you criticize him for his mistakes?”
“Yes, but it.” ［A］ I’d rather not do ［B］ I’d rather not doing ［C］ I’d rather not have done ［D］ I’d rather not did
练习9）---Could I borrow your dictionary? ---Yes, of course, you____. A. might B. will C. can D. should
10）---Shall I tell John about it? ---No, you ___. I've told him already. A. needn't B. wouldn't
C. mustn't D. shouldn't
11）---Don't forget to come to my birthday party tomorrow. ---______. A. I don't B. I won't C. I can't D. I haven't 练习12)----Shall we go skating or stay at home? ----Which ___ do? A. do you rather B. would you rather C. will you rather D. should you rather
13) Peter ___come with us tonight, but he isn't very sure yet. A. must B. may C. can D. will 答案1.B 9.C
2.B 10.A
3.D 11.B
4.C 12.B
5.C 13.B
6.B
7.B
8.C课件27张PPT。情态动词专项练习1.–May I sit beside you, sir?
--- No, you ______. My girlfriend is coming soon.
can’t B. mustn’t
C. needn’t D. shouldn’t
2.-- _____ I speak to Mary, please?
--Sorry, she____ come to the phone because she isn’t in.
A. Might; won’t B. Can’t; mustn’t
C. May; can’t D. Couldn’t; shouldn’t3. --- I want to know if I _ smoke here.
--- No, you____ . Could you see the sign “NO SMOKING” there?
can; needn’t B. must; can’t
C. shall; won’t D. may; mustn’t
4. My wife never remembers my telephone number. She always ____ look it up.
A. must B. should
C. would D. has to5. --- ____ you pass me the English magazine, please?
--- Sure. Here you are.
Could B. Need C. Must D. Might
6. ---Must I go to work with you?
--- No, you_____. Linda ______ go with me.
A. mustn’t; can B. can’t; has to
C. daren’t; should D. needn’t; mayD7. --- __ I tell Mary the test results?
--- No, you____. She’s already got the score.
A. Will; won’t B. Shall; needn’t
C. May; mustn’t D. Can; don’t
8. You ____ be careful when crossing here. The traffic lights aren’t working.
A. might B. ought to
C. could D. mayBB9. ---Could I borrow your bicycle?
--- Yes, of course you_____.
will B. should C. can D. need
10. Joan_____ come with us this afternoon, but she isn’t very sure yet.
A. can B. may C. must D. willCB11. I _____ ask you the question because I think I _____ be wrong.
daren’t; must B. mustn’t; can
C. needn’t; may D. can’t; should
12. It’s nearly eight o’clock. Mike _____ be here at any moment.
A. need B. has to
C. should D. can13. The fire spread through the building very quickly but everyone ____ get out.
A. had to B. would
C. could D. was able to
14.---What do you think of this answer?
---I don’t think it ____ be right.
should B. might
C. must D. canDD15. --- Is John coming by train?
--- He should, but he ___. He likes driving his car.
A. can’t B. needn’t
C. may not D. mustn’t
16. He doesn’t have to work tomorrow, but you have got to, ____ you?
don’t B. haven’t
C. haven’t got D. can’tCB17. You_____ wake me up when I fall asleep, ______ you?
A. haven’t better; have
B. would not rather; would
C. had better not; should
D. had not better; must18. ---Why! I couldn’t get you on the phone this morning.
--- We _____ tennis in the yard when you phone me.
could be playing
B. must be playing
C. must have been playing
D. should have played
19. --- We didn’t see him at the lecture.
--- Neither did anybody else. He _____ it.
A. may not have attended
B. mustn’t attend
C. can’t have attended
D. couldn’t attend20. ---I came here by taxi and the driver charged me 50 yuan.
---Really? You _____ have come by bus.
could B. must C. may D. should
21. --- Do you still remember when we went to the Great Wall?
--- I can’t remember it well, but _____ it have been sometime last May?
A. should B. must
C. could D. would22. ---I wonder why Mr Lin didn’t come to work.
--- He____ have been ill.
needn’t
B. should
C. might
D. can
23. ---No one passed the mathematics examination today.
---I guess we ____ the exercise last night.
could review
B. should review
C. might review
D. should have reviewed24. She_____ the hospital so soon, for she hasn’t yet recovered.
wouldn’t have left
B. shouldn’t have left
C. needn’t leave
D. hadn’t left25. Why didn’t you tell me there was no meeting today? I ______ all the way here through the heavy snow.
needn’t have driven
B. can’t have driven
C. must have driven
D. shouldn’t have driven.26. The book is neither yours nor mine. Whose ______ it be?
A. must B. may C. should D. can
27. It is surprising that he ____ have been so foolish.
A. must B. could
C. should D. can28. It must have rained last night, _____ it?
A. mustn’t B. can’t
C. hasn’t D. didn’t
29.---Will you stay for lunch?
--- Sorry, I _____. My brother is coming to see me.
A. mustn’t B. can’t
C. needn’t D. won’t30. --- Are you coming to Jeff’s party?
--- I’m not sure. I ____ go to the concert instead.
A. must B. would
C. should D. might.
31. Michael ____ be a policeman, for he’s much too short.
needn’t B. can’t
C. should D. may√ 32. Mr Bush is on time for everything. How ___ it be that he was late for the ceremony?
can B. should C. may D. must
√ 33. –I stayed at a hotel while in New York?
-- Oh did you? You ____ with Barbara.
A. could have stayed B. could stay
C. must have stayed D. would stay√ 34. If I ___go with you, I would feel very glad.
can B. could C. should D. may
35.There was a lot of fun at yesterday’s party. You___ come, but why didn’t you?
must have B. should
C. need have D. ought to have√ √ 36.—When can I come for the photos? I need them tomorrow afternoon.
--They ___ be ready by 12:00.
A. can B. should C. might D. need
37. I didn’t hear the phone. I ____ asleep.
must be B. must have been
C. should be D. should have been√ √ 38. I ___ do all the difficult work for you.
haven’t got to B. not have got to
C. have got not to D. have got to not
39. Sorry I’m late. I ___ have turned off the alarm clock and gone back to sleep again.
A. might B. should C. can D. will√ √ 40. If I had time, I ____ go with you.
A. can B. will C. may D. might√ 课件37张PPT。Modal Verbs
情态动词must 和 have to 都表示必须 。Must
更强调主观看法，而 have to 表示客观
的需要，常作“不得不，只好”讲。 We must protect our environment
from now on.
我们必须从现在起保护环境。
You must phone him at once. It’s urgent.
你必须立刻给他打电话。情况紧急。The poor boy had to leave school
for lack of money.
那个可怜的男孩因为缺钱而不得不辍学。
I have to leave home very early every
morning, because I live far away from
school.
由于我住的离学校很远，所以每天早上
很早就得出门。must 的否定形式 must not 表示
“不应该”，“禁止”
You mustn’t take the magazines out of the reading room.
你不能把杂志带出阅览室。当表示“不必”时，应该用 need not
-- Must I hand in the exercises today?
-- No, you needn’t. You may hand them
in tomorrow.have got to 是 have to 的口语形式。
但 have to 前面可以用助动词，
而 have got to 则不可以。Do you have to go now?
He doesn’t have to be in such a hurry.Have you got to arrive there before 8
o’clock?
You haven’t got to finish the work now.must 还可用来表示把握较大的推测，
其否定形式为can notHe must be out, for nobody answers
the phone.
他肯定出去了，因为没人接电话。
It can’t be Jim. He went abroad last week.
那不可能是吉姆，他上周就出国了。must be doing / must have done
可以用来对正在发生的事和
已经发生过的事表示推测。He must be working on a new novel.
他肯定正在写一部新的小说。
She must have known the bad news.
她肯定已经得知这个坏消息了。Exercises:
Complete the following
sentences according to
the pictures. GO OVER
Use the words or phrases in the box . Use each word or phrase only once.can, had better, should / ought to, must, have toYou ___ listen to
the teacher carefully!You _______________ take
an umbrella in case it rains.had betterYou ___ listen to the
teacher carefully!
“You ____________________
listen to the teacher carefully!”should / ought to________ you tell me where
Smith’s supermarket is, please?CanHe misses his bus. He
____________ wait for another.has to A: I _____ go to see a doctor.
B: Why?
A: I am not feeling well.
B: Really? _____ I go with you?
A: No, you _______.
B: OK, you ______ forget your medical card.
A: Of course, I remember.
B: Oh, it is wet outside. It ____ ____
______ yesterday. So it _____ __
slippery outside. Do be careful!
A: Don’t worry. I’m not a little boy.
B: OK, bye!Fill in the blanks with proper modal verbsmustMustneedn’tmustn’tmust have rainedmust be
Look at the signs below. They all
give information about what you must
or mustn’t do. Complete the sentences
using ‘must’ or ‘mustn’t’:
e.g. This sign means
you mustn’t
drive over 30mph.PRACTICE IThis sign means you ___________________.mustn’t parkmustn’t take photographsmust be quietmustn’t smokeThis sign means you ___________________.mustn’t take dogs heremust carry childrenmust stop heremust keep off the grass PRACTICE II
Complete the speech bubbles in the pictures with ‘must’
or ‘has to / have to’have to has to have to must PRACTICE III
Look at the following table on the
greeting manners. Decide which are
necessary and which are not. Make
sentences using must, have to, or
their negative forms. PRACTICE IV
It’s 8:20 in the morning. Frank is waiting for the bus to work.
Look at the picture of Frank’s flat. Say something about what
he must have done a few minutes ago.He must have __________.read a bookHe must have ___________
______________________.had a bath / cleaned his socks and shirtHe must have ______________
_________________________.cooked for breakfast / had breakfast /read a newspaperPRACTICE V
Integrating Exercise___________They ________ (go) out._____mustmustn’t______have to Nobody answers the door.
They _____________(go) out.must have goneHe ___________
(have) a bath.must have had 1. Johnny, you ___ play with the knife,
you ___ hurt yourself.
A. won’t ; can’t
B. mustn’t; may
C. shouldn’t ; must
D. can’t ; shouldn’t(B) (B) 2. I was really anxious about you.
You ____ home without a word.
A. mustn’t leave
B. shouldn’t have left
C. couldn’t have left
D. needn’t leave (B) I’ve lost my gloves, I ____
it somewhere.
A. must drop
B. must have drop
C. could drop
D. could have drop 4. He ______ wear a suit to work,
but he usually does.
A. mustn’t
B. doesn’t need
C. doesn’t have to
D. shouldn’t (C) 课件15张PPT。Modal Verb情态动词
（练习）练习1.The traditional goal of science is to discover how things are,not how they ought . ［A］ to ［B］ to be ［C］ be ［D］ have been
2.Although Oriental ideas of woman’s subordination to man prevailed in those days, she
meet with men on an equal basis. ［A］ did not dared
［B］ dared not ［C］ dared not to
［D］ did dare not to 练习3) It? around nine o’clock when I drove back home because it was already dark. ［A］ had to be
［B］ must be
［C］ was to be
［D］ must have been 4) John’s score on the test is the highest in the class;______. ［A］ he should study last night ［B］ he should have studied last night ［C］ he must have studied last night ［D］ he must had to study last night
练习5) You yesterday if you were really serious about your work. ［A］ ought to come
［B］ ought to be coming ［C］ ought to have come
［D］ ought have come 6) “We didn’t see him at the lecture yesterday.” "He______ it.” ［A］mustn’t attended
［B］couldn't have attended ［C］would have not attended
［D］needn’t have attended
练习7) You all these parcels yourself. The shop would have delivered them if you had asked a shop assistant. ［A］ didn’t need to carry
［B］ needn’t have carried ［C］ needn’t carry
［D］ didn’t need carry 8) “Did you criticize him for his mistakes?”
“Yes, but it.” ［A］ I’d rather not do ［B］ I’d rather not doing ［C］ I’d rather not have done ［D］ I’d rather not did
练习9）---Could I borrow your dictionary? ---Yes, of course, you____. A. might B. will
C. can D. should10）---Shall I tell John about it? ---No, you ___. I‘ve told him already. A. needn't B. wouldn't
C. mustn't D. shouldn't
11）---Don't forget to come to my birthday party tomorrow.
---______. A. I don‘t B. I won’t
C. I can't D. I haven't 练习12)----Shall we go skating or stay at home? ----Which ___ do? A. do you rather
B. would you rather
C. will you rather
D. should you rather
13) Peter ___come with us tonight, but he isn‘t very sure yet. A. must B. may
C. can D. will答案1.B 9.C
2.B 10.A
3.D 11.B
4.C 12.B
5.C 13.B
6.B
7.B
8.C课件18张PPT。Modal Verb情态动词
（2）情态动词接不同形式的用法 情态词 + 不带 to 的不定式
情态词 + 进行时
情态动词的过去时
情态词 + 完成式 情态词 + 不带 to 的不定式在这种结构中 ， 所有的情态动词都可以指直接的现在或将来 。
e.g. I may / can / must go there now . 我也许 / 可能 / 应该现在去那里 。
He can’t leave yet . 他现在还不能走 。
I may / can / must go there tomorrow . 我也许 / 可能 / 应该明天那儿 。 另外 ，此种结构也可用来一 “ 推测 ”， 但这时情态动词后的动词 ，仅限于静态动词 。
e.g. He must be at home , since the light in his room is still on . 房里的灯还亮着 ，他一定在家 。
He must know the answer . 他一定知道答案 。情态词 + 进行时这种形式往往可用来表示 ：
A . 可能或推测 ： Meg may be phoning her fiancé . 梅格可能在给他的未婚夫打电话 。
You must be joking ! 你准是在开玩笑 。
He can‘t be leaving yet . 他现在还不会走 。 B . 使语气更委婉 ： We must / may / should be leaving soon . 我们必须 / 也许 / 应该马上走 。
C . 其它用法 ： You must be working when the inspector comes in . 检查员进来时你必须在工作 。
情态动词的过去时 would , could , might 和 should 在形式上都可以说是过去时 ， 但这一点与其用法和意义并无多大关系 。我们一般把其用于间 接引语时叫做 “ 过去时 ” 。
e.g. He said you could / would / might leave early . 但在更多的情况下，might 表示比 may 更不肯定的情况 。
在疑问句中 ，could ,would 比 can , will 更客气 , should 是 “ 应该 ” ， 表一种义务 。
e.g. I might see you tomorrow . Could you help me , please ? Would you please show me the way ? He said I should see a doctor .
情态词 + 完成式（一）它包括两种形式 ：
1）“ 情态词 + have + 过去分词 ” ；
2）“ 情态词 + have been + 现在分词 ”。 情态词 + 完成式（二）它们的用法如下 ：
非推测性用法 ：
“ could + 完成式 ” ， 即用于肯定句中 ，可以表示“ 本 来可以完成而未完成的动作 ” 。
E.g.-- We could have walked to the station;it was so near .
--Yes . A taxi wasn‘t at all necessary . “ needn’t + 完成式 ” ，即用于否定句中 ，意为“ 本来 不必 ” ，指实际上做了本来不必做的事 。
E.g. There were plenty of time . She needn‘t have hurried .
情态词 + 完成式（三） “ ought to / should + 完成式 ” ，表示“ 本来应该 ”，指本 该做而实际未做的事 ， 否定句则表示实际做了本不应该做的事 。
E.g. The plant is dead , I should have given it more water . / We shouldn‘t have waited for her because she never come . “ might + 完成式 ” ，那用于肯定句 ，可以表示本来可以做 而实际未做的事 ，暗含一种责备 ， 此时不可用 may 替代 。
E.g. He might have given you more help , even though he was very busy .情态词 + 完成式（四）推测性用法 : 对过去的事情进行推测时 ，我们可以采取“ 情态词 + 完成式 ” 形式 。
“ can / could + 完成式 ” 表推测时多用于疑问句或否定句中 ，不用于肯定句 。
E.g. He can't / couldn't have forgotten you address so soon. /Can she have lost the book ?
情态词 + 完成式（五）“ may / might + 完成式 ” 表示“ 可能已经 ” ， “ 或许已经 ” ，是对已经发生事情的 不太肯定的推测 ，其中 may 一般不用于疑问句中 。
E.g. You may ( might ) have read about it in the papers .
He may ( might ) not have finished the work . 另外 ， 有时亦可用 should和ought to 表“可能”或“推测”， 但由于 should 和 ought to 常表示 “ 义务 ” 因而会产生歧义 ， 所义并不常用 。
John ought to / should have left by tomorrow .
在疑问句和否定句中 ，通常不用 should 和 ought to 来表示 “ 可能 ” 或 “ 推测 ” 。“ must + 完成式 ” 意为“ 准是已 ”往往用于肯定句中 ，其否定形式是 can't , 不是 mustn't .
He must have left early . ( 否定 ：He can't have left early . ) / He must have been working late . ( 否定 ： He can't be working late . )
情态词 + 完成式（六）有时候 ， 如果表示的 “ 可能 ” 或 “ 推论 ” 的依据几乎可以 肯定的话 ，也可以用 will 和 would .
E.g. That will be Roland , I can hear him at the door . /
That will have been Roland . He said he'd be back at. /
That won't be Roland . I am not expecting him yet .
