情态动词[上学期]

情态动词与虚拟语气
1. ---Don’t forget to bring my new books tomorrow afternoon.
---No, I ____.
A don’t B can’t C won’t D couldn’t
2. ---I hear you’ve got a set of Australian coins. ____ I have a look.
---Yes, certainly.
A Do B May C Shall D Should
3. He seldom listens to others. He ____ answer for what he has done.
A shall B will C can D would
4. ---May I leave the office before 5 o’clock in the afternoon
---No, I’m afraid you ____.
A needn’t B shouldn’t C mustn’t D won’t
5. ---Shall I tell John about it
---No, you___. I don’t know his telephone number.
A needn’t B wouldn’t C mustn’t D shouldn’t
6. Mr. Bush is on time for everything. How____ it be that he was late for the opening ceremony
A can B should C may D must
7. The traffic light is red, so I ____ stop my car.
A must B have to C can D mustn’t
8. ---What happened to the young trees we planted
---The trees ___ well, but I didn’t water them.
A might grow B needn’t have grown C would grow D would have grown
9. I was really anxious about you. You ___ home without a word.
A mustn’t leave B shouldn’t have left C couldn’t have left D needn’t leave
10. Children ___ in public very often.
A should be praised B shouldn’t have praised
C shouldn’t have been praised D shouldn’t be praised
11. Let’s clean the classroom, ____
A won’t you B shall we C do we D will not you
12. Tom ___ show his exam results to his parents.
A dare not B dared C dare to D dares not to
13. I don’t think he ____ a new bike.
A need to buy B needs buy C need D need buy
14. ---Nancy ___ the letter from her mother.
---No, she can’t have. The postman hasn’t come yet.
A can receive B can have received C must have received D must receive
15. She ___ the film. She knows nothing about it.
A can’t see B can’t have seen C must see D mustn’t have seen
16. They must have been here the day before yesterday,____
A mustn’t they B didn’t they C mustn’t have they D had they
17. ----I didn’t see her yesterday.
----Oh, but you _____.
A must have B ought to C should have D cannot have
18. ---Must I take a bus
---No0, you ___. You can walk from here.
A must not B don’t C don’t have to D had better not to
19. ---Why do you make me do so
---I am sorry that you ___ do such a thing.
A would B can C should SD may
20. ---Will you stay for lunch
---Sorry, ___. My brother is coming to see me.
A I mustn’t B I can’t C I needn’t D I won’t
21. What would have happened ___, as far as the river bank
A if Bob has walked farther B if Bob should walk farther
C had Bob walked farther D if Bob walked farther
22. You didn’t let me drive, If we ___ in turn, you ___ so tired.
A drove, didn’t get B drive; wouldn’t get
C were driving; wouldn’t get D had driven; wouldn’t have got
23. Without electricity human life ___ quite different today.
A is B will be C would have been D would be
24. Oh, Janne, you’ve broken another glass. You ought ____ when you washed it.
A be careful B to care C have cared D to have been careful
25. I ___ often go fishing when I lived in the countryside
A should B would C could D might
26. He ___ rather stay at home than go to the cinema with you.
A should B might C would D had better
27. It’s high time we ____ to the theater.
A will b shall C are going to D went
28. ---Could I use your telephone
---Yes, of course you ____
A could B will C can D might
29. It’s strange that they ____ nothing about this matter.
A know B would know C knows D knew’
30. I wish you ___ go with me tomorrow.
A will B would C shall D can
31. ---Do you still remember the day when we went to the Great Wall
---I can’t remember it well, but ___ sometime last autumn
A might it be B could it have been C could it be D must it have been
32. ---I can’t get through to the general manager’s office anyhow.
---The line is busy. Someone ___ the telephone.
A must use B uses C must have been using D must be using
33. He suggests we ___ to the cinema at once, otherwise we will be late.
A must go B go C will go D would go
34. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if ____.
A breaks B has broken C were broken D had been broken
35. The general ordered that the thief ___.
A be punished B would punish C would be punished D should punish
36. If only I ___ how to operate a computer as you do !
A had known B would know C should know D knew
37.It is surprising that he ___ at the meeting.
A was B be C is D were
38. If you ___ wait a moment, I’ll go and find our manager.
A can B should C will D must
39. ---Do you think he will do me a favor
---As far as I know, he is the last one to help others. He ___ be prepared to give you a hand, though.
A might B must C can D should
40. Even though I’d hurt my leg, I ___ swim back to the river bank.
A could B might c had to D was able to
41. You ___ go to the party if you don’t finish your homework first.
A won’t B don’t C oughtn’t D shan’t
42. ---It is rather cold here. Shall we light a fire
---No, we ____ because things are easy to catch fire.
A won’t B can’t C mustn’t D needn’t
43. I ___ Professor Jones had taught me this question.
A believe B deeply think C wish D suppose
44. The chairman requested that ____.
A the members studied the problem more carefully
B the problems were more carefully studied
C the problems could be studied with more care
D the members study the problem more carefully
45. I ___ it again.
A would like you to read B would like that you read
C would like you reading D would like you read
46. If you really want yourself to be in good health, you must ___ always ___ so much.
A not; be smoking B not; have smoked C not; to smoke D be not; smoking
47. If I ____ you, I ____ more attention to English idioms and phrases.
A was; shall pay B am; will pay C would be; would pay D were; would pay
48. ---“Would you have told him the answer had it been possible ”
---“I would have, but I ___ so busy then.”
A had been B were C was D would be
49. He had an expression of resentment(不高兴), as if Martin ___ a fool of him.
A had made B makes C made D would make
50. ___ the fog, we should have reached out school.
A Because of B In spite of C In case of D But for
51.There was a half smile on his face which suggested that he ___ happy to have given his life for his country.
A was B should be C would be D were
52. We all agreed to her suggestion that we ____ to the Great Wall for sightseeing(观光)。
A will go B go C shall go D should have gone
53. You must be a student, ____ you
A wasn’t B are C mustn’t D aren’t
54. The young man insisted that he ___ nothing wrong and ___ free.
A did; set B had done; should be set C do; be set D had done; must be set
55. Without your help, I ____ the exam last term.
A failed in B would have failed C wouldn’t pass D would fail
56. ___he come, the problem would be settled.
A Would B Should C Shall D If
57. Very loud noise ____ make people ill or drive them mad.
A should B can C need D must
58. I lost your address, otherwise I ___ you long before.
A had visited B have visited C would have visited D should visit
59. ---Where_____
---I got stuck in the heavy traffic, or I ____ here earlier.
A did you go; had arrived B are you; would come
C were you; would come D have you been; would have been
60. I ___ you a beautiful present for your birthday, but I was short of money at that time.
A would buy B had bought C would like to have bought D must have bought
Key
1~5 CBACA 6~10 ABDBD 11~15 BADCB 16~20 BCCCB 21~25 CDDDB
16~30 CDCAB 31~35 BDBCA 36~40 ABCAD 41~45 DCCDA 46~50ADCAD
51~55ABDBB 56~60 BBCDC情态助动词的各种形式列表如下：
肯定式 否定式 简略否定式
maymight may notmight not mayn’tmightn’t
cancould can not, cannotcould not can’tcouldn’t
will, ’llwould, ’d will not, ’ll notwould not, ’d not won’twouldn’t
shallshould shall notshould not shan’tshouldn’t
must must not mustn’t
need need not needn’t
dare dare not daren’t
used to used not to didn’t use(d) tousedn’t to
ought to ought not to oughtn’t to
情态动词的意义和用法
情态动词从最普通的意义上来说，是修饰分句意义的一种方式，它可以反映说话者对其表述是否真实和可能的程度作出判断。但不同的情态助动词本身所包含的意义和用法又不同，下面逐个分析。
1） can和could的用法
1． 表示能力或客观可能性，还可以表示请求和允许。如：
Can you finish this work tonight
Man cannot live without air.
— Can I go now — Yes, you can.
注意：①could也可表示请求，预期委婉，主要用于疑问句，不可用于肯定句，答语应用can（即could不能用于现在时态的简略答语中）。如：
Could I come to see you tomorrow
Yes, you can. （否定答语可用No, I’m afraid not.）
②can表示能力时，还可用be able to代替。如：
I’ll not be able to come this afternoon.
2． 表示惊异、怀疑、不相信的态度。（主要用在否定句、疑问句或惊叹句中）
Can this be true
How can you be so careless!
This cannot be done by him.
3． “can(could) + have + 过去分词”的疑问或否定形式表示对过去发生的行为怀疑或不肯定。如： He cannot have been to that town.
Can he have got the book
2） may和might的用法
1． 表示许可。
表示请求、允许时，might比may的语气更委婉一些，否定回答时要用mustn’t表示“不可以”、“禁止”、“阻止”之意。如：
You may drive the car.
— Might /May I use your pen — Yes, you may . / No, you mustn’t.
2． 用于祈使句中表示祝愿。如：
May you succeed!
3． 表示推测、可能（疑问句不能用于此意）。
He may be very busy now.
4． “may(might) + have + 过去分词”表示对过去发生的行为的推测。如：
He may not have finished the work.
3） must和have to的用法
1． 表示必须、必要。如： You must come in time.
回答must引出的问句时，如果是否定的回答，不能用mustn’t，而要用needn’t或don’t have to。
— Must we hand in our exercise books today
— Yes, you must. (No, you don’t have to.)
2． “must be + 表语”的结构表示推测，它的否定或疑问式用can代替must。
This must be your pen.
3． “must + have + 过去分词”的结构常用在肯定句中，表示对过去发生的行为的推测。它的否定或疑问式用can代替must。
He must have been to Shanghai.
4． have to的含义与must相似，两者往往可以互换使用，但have to有各种形式，随have的变化而定。must表示的是说话人的主观看法，而have to则往往强调客观需要。
The play is not interesting. I really must go now.
I had to work when I was your age.
4） dare和need的用法
1． need表示“需要”或“必须”，作情态动词时，仅用于否定句或疑问句中，在肯定句中一般用must, have to, ought to,或should代替。如：
You needn’t come so early.
— Need I finish the work today
— Yes, you must.
注意：needn’t + 不定式的完成式“表示本来不必做某事而实际上做了某事”。如：
You needn’t have waited for me.
2． Dare作情态动词时，主要用于疑问句、否定句和条件从句中，一般不用在肯定句中。如：
How dare you say I’m unfair.
He daren’t speak English before such a crowd, dare he
3． Dare和need常用作实义动词，有时态、人称和数的变化，所不同的是，作实义动词时，在肯定句中，dare后面通常接带to的不定式，在否定和疑问句中，dare后面可接带to或不带to的不定式。如：
I dare to swim across this river.
He does not dare (to) answer.
Don’t you dare (to) touch it!
I wonder how he dared (to) say that to her.
He needs to finish it this evening.
5） shall和should的用法
1.Shall用于第一、第三人称疑问句中，表示说话人征求对方的意见或向对方请示。如：What shall we do this evening
Shall we begin our lesson
When shall he be able to leave the hospital Shall he wait outside
2.Shall用于第二、第三人称，表示说话人给对方命令、警告、允诺或威胁。如：
You shall fail if you don’t work harder. （警告）
He shall have the book when I finish reading. （允诺）
He shall be punished. （威胁）
3.Should表示劝告、建议、命令，其同义词是ought to；在疑问句中，通常用should代替ought to。如：
You should go to class right away.
Should I open the window
Should的含义较多，用法较活，现介绍三种其特殊用法。请看下面的句子：
1 I should think it would be better to try it again. 我倒是认为最好再试一试。
2 You are mistaken, I should say. 依我看，你是搞错了。
3 I should advise you not to do that. 我倒是劝你别这样做。
4 This is something I should have liked to ask you. 这是我本来想问你的。
从以上例句可以看出：情态动词should用于第一人称时可以表示说话人的一种谦逊、客气、委婉的语气。
Should还可以用在if引导的条件从句，表示一件事听起来可能性很小，但也不是完全没有可能。相当于“万一”的意思。从句谓语由should加动词原形构成，主句谓语却不一定用虚拟语气。如：
5 Ask her to ring me up if you should see her. 你万一见到她，请让她给我打个电话。
6 If you should change your mind, please let us know. 万一你改变主意，请通知我们。
7 Should I (If I should) be free tomorrow I will come. 万一我明天有时间，我就来。
此外，Why(or How) + should结构表示说话人对某事不能理解，感到意外、惊异等意思。意为“竟会”。如：
8 Why should you be so late today 你几天怎么来得这么晚？
9 — Where is Betty living — 贝蒂住在哪里？
— How should I know — 我怎么会知道呢？
10 I don’t know why you should think that I did it. 我真不知道你凭什么认为这件事是我干的。
另：“should + have + 过去分词”结构一般表示义务，表示应该做到而实际上没有做到，并包含一种埋怨、责备的口气。如：
She should have finished it.
I should have helped her, but I never could.
You should have started earlier.
6） will和would的用法
1． 表示请求、建议等，would比will委婉客气。如：
Would you pass me the book
2． 表示意志、愿望和决心。如：
I will never do that again.
They asked if we would do that again.
3． 用“will be”和“will(would) + have + 过去分词”的结构表示推测，主要用于第二、三人称。 This will be the book you want.
He will have arrived by now.
The guests would have arrived by that time.
4． Would可表示过去反复发生的动作或某中倾向。没有说明过去与现在对比的含义。如： The wound would not heal.
During the vacation he would visit me every week.
7） ought to的用法
1． Ought to表示应该。如：
You ought to take care of him.
2． 表示推测。注意与must表示推测时的区别：
He must be at home by now. （断定他已到家）
He ought to be home by now. （不十分肯定）
This is where the oil must be. （比较直率）
This is where the oil ought to be. （比较含蓄）
3． “ought to + have + 过去分词”表示过去应做某事而实际未做。如：
You ought to have asked him (but you didn’t).
这时，ought to和should可以互相换用。
注意：在美国英语中，ought to用于否定句和疑问句时，to可以省略。
8） used to，had better，would rather的用法
1． Used to表示过去的习惯动作或状态，现在已不存在，在间接引语中，其形式可不变。如：
He told us he used to play football when he was young.
在疑问句、否定句、否定疑问句或强调句中，可有两种形式：
疑问句 Did you use to go to the same school as your brother
Used you to go to the same school as your brother
否定句 I usedn’t to go there.
I didn’t use to go there.
Usedn’t 亦可拼作usen’t，但发音皆为[ju:znt]。
否定疑问句 Usen’t you to be interested in the theatre
Didn’t you use to be interested in the theatre
强调句 I certainly used to smoke, but it was a long time ago.
I certainly did use to smoke, but it was a long time ago.
其反意疑问句或简略回答中，也有两种形式：
She used to be very fat, didn’t she （正式）/ use(d)n’t she （口语）
Did you use to play chess Yes, I did.
Used you to get up early in the morning Yes, I did. (Yes, I used to.)
2． Had better意为“最好”，后接不带to的不定式。如：
— We had better go now.
— Yes, we had (we’d better / we had better).
Hadn’t we better stop now (Had we better not stop now )
I think I’d better be going. （用于进行时态，表“最好立即”）
You had better have done that. （用于完成时态，表未完成动作）
3． Would rather意为“宁愿”，表选择，后接不带to的不定式。如：
I’d rather not say anything.
Would you rather work on a farm
— Wouldn’t you rather stay here
— No, I would not. I’d rather go there.
由于would rather表选择，因而后可接than。如：
I would rather work on a farm than in a factory.
I would rather watch TV than go to see the film.
一、基础训练
1）单项选择
1. You ___ hand it in at once, you may hand it in tomorrow.
(A) needn't (B) may not (C) can't (D) must not
2. "That must be a mistake." "No it ___ a mistake."
(A) must not be (B) needn't be (C) cannot be (D) would not be
3. You ___ go now. It's getting late.
(A) had rather (B) would (C) had better (D) would
4. Since the bus is crowded, we ___.
(A) had better walk to home (B) have better walk home
(C) had better walk home (D) had better to walk home
5. "You ___ come in now, Mary! It's getting cold!" “I ___ go on playing in the garden."
(A) had better...had better (B) would rather...had better
(C) had better...would rather (D) had better...would have better
6. When I was a boy, I ___ chocolate.
(A) would like (B) was used to like (C) should like (D) used to like
7. I wasn't supposed to go to the movies, but I ___ myself.
(A) cannot help (B) couldn't but (C) had to help (D) couldn't help
8. Looking at my determined face, the big boy ___ pick up the fight.
(A) dares not (B) dare not (C) doesn't dare (D) dares not to
9. He began to write two hours ago. He ___ have finished the article now.
(A) must (B) ought (C) ought to (D) had to
10. You ___ to the meeting this afternoon if you have something important to do.
(A) needn't to come (B) don't need come (C) don't need coming (D)needn't come
11. ___ you be here at eight o'clock tomorrow morning
(A) Would (B) Should (C) Can (D) Could
12. ___ I have a talk with the Party Secretary now
(A) Will (B) Did (C) May (D) Can
13. "You ___ read that article if you don’t want to.”
(A) needn't (B) mustn’t (C) haven't (D) can’t
14. When the storm comes all windows ___.
(A) ought to close (B) ought to be closing (C) ought to be closed (D) ought to closed
15. I ___ me what happened.
(A) would like you tell (B) would like you to tell
(C) would like you telling (D) would like you that you tell
16. I hope you can visit my country soon, because___ to show you some of the beautiful places near my home.
(A) I like (B) I'd like (C) I will like (D) I shall like
17. She ___ for yesterday's test, but she didn’t.
(A)should have studied (B) would study (C) might be studying (D)must have studied
18. He ___ breakfast at eight o'clock when he lived alone. But nowadays he ___ it at seven.
(A) was used to have ... is having (B) was used to having ...is having
(C) used to have ... has (D) used to having ...was
19. In the old society Grandpa Zhou ___ to work long hours a day.
(A) was working (B) was having (C) had (D) has
20. Everybody ___ in bed.
(A) has to spend some time (B) have to spend some time
(C) has to spend sometimes (D) have to spend sometimes
2) 选择合适的词或词组填空
1. I have a headache. I __________ take an aspirin.
(had better; would better)
2. He looks sleepy. He must __________ bed very late last night.
(go; have gone)
3. I want to go to the office, but you __________ with me.
(need not to go; need not go)
4. I ought __________ those books to the library last week.
(to have taken; to take)
5. The mother is telling her son, “You __________ eat with your fingers!”
(wouldn’t; mustn’t)
6. He was a good swimmer so he _______ swim to the river bank when the boat sank. (was able to; could)
7. To travel from England to Scotland you __________ a passport.
(don’t need; needn’t)
8. He went on foot, but he __________ by bus.
(ought have gone; should have gone)
9. A: Did Ken take the job in the bookstore
B: No, but I think he __________.
(must have; should have)
10. He __________ talk for hours, if you let him.
(can; will)
11. You __________ use this toothbrush, it’s mine.
(may not; shall not)
12. No matter what people say, I __________ do as I like.
(shall; will)
13. “I’m willing to let you take whatever you like.” Means “you ______ take whatever you like.” (shall; will)
14. A: I haven’t felt well for a week.
B: You __________ see a doctor.
(had better; should have to)
15. A: He is late, __________ he have missed the bus
B: Yes, he must have missed the bus.
(Can; Must)
二、强化练习
1) 选择填空
1. I didn’t see her in the meeting room this morning. She _____ at the meeting.
A. mustn’t have spoken B. shouldn’t have spoken
C. needn’t have spoken D. couldn’t have spoken
2. One ought _____ for what one hasn’t done.
A. not to be punished B. to not be punished
C. to not punished D. not be punished
3. If you really want yourself to be in good health, you must ___ always ___ so much.
A. not; be smoking B. not; have smoked
C. not; to smoke D. be not; smoking
4. With so much work on hand, you _____ to see the game last night.
A. mustn’t go B. shouldn’t go C. couldn’t have gone D. shouldn’t have gone
5. Most of the students felt rather disappointed at the English party. They say that it ______ better organized.
A. had been B. had to be C. must have been D. could have been
6. I’m surprised that he _____ in the exam.
A. should fail B. would have failed C. may have failed D. should have failed
7. The little girl _____ there alone.
A. not dare go B. dares not go C. dare not go D. dare not to go
8. “Must we do it now ” “No, you _____.”
A. won’t B. needn’t C. can’t D. don’t
9. He said he would rather not _____ it right now.
A. doing B. to do C. do D. to be doing
10. You _____ to the meeting this afternoon if you have something important to do.
A. needn’t to come B. don’t need come C. don’t need coming D. needn’t come
11. Put on more clothes. You _____ be feeling cold with only a shirt on.
A. can B. could C. would D. must
12. I _____ play football than baseball.
A. would rather B. had better C. like better D. prefer
13. I thought you _____ like something to read, so I have brought you some books.
A. may B. might C. could D. must
14. There was plenty of times. She _____.
A. mustn’t have hurried B. couldn’t have hurried
C. must not hurry D. needn’t have hurried
15. The plant is dead. I _____ it more water.
A. will give B. would have given C. must give D. should have given
16. You _____ return the book now. You can keep it till next week if you like.
A. can’t B. mustn’t C. needn’t D. may not
17. It’s still early, you _____.
A. mustn’t hurry B. wouldn’t hurry C. may not hurry D. don’t have to hurry
18. Please open the window, _____
A. can’t you B. aren’t you C. do you D. will you
19. We _____ for her because she never came.
A. mustn’t have waited B. shouldn’t have waited
C. mustn’t wait D. needn’t wait
20. — May I stop here — No, you _____.
A. mustn’t B. might not C. needn’t D. won’t
21. It’s a fine day. Let’s go fishing, _____.
A. won’t we B. will we C. don’t we D. shall we
22. I didn’t see her in the meeting room this morning. She _____ at the meeting.
A. mustn’t have spoken B. shouldn’t have spoken
C. needn’t have spoken D. couldn’t have spoken
23. — Please don’t make a noise.
— _____. I’ll be as quiet as a mouse.
A. Yes, I won’t B. No, I won’t C. No, I will D. Yes, I will
24. The young man has made so much noise that he _____ not have been allowed to attend the concert.
A. could B. must C. would D. should
25. — Where is John — He _____ in the library.
A. should be B. must be C. can be D. must have been
26. Since the road is wet this morning, _____ last night.
A. it must rain B. it must be raining
C. it must have rained D. it must have been rain
27. — Will your brother stay home tonight
— I’m not quite sure. He _____ to the cinema tonight.
A. must go B. can go C. may go D. may be going
28. She’s already two hours late. What ______ to her
A. can have happened B. may have happened
C. should have happened D. must happen
29. You must be a writer, _____
A. mustn’t you B. are you C. must you D. aren’t you
30. I got up early that morning, but I _____ so because I had no work to do.
A. mustn’t have done B. didn’t need to do
C. needn’t have done D. can’t have done
31. He _____ have come here yesterday, but he didn’t.
A. could B. should C. ought to D. all the above
32. I missed the last bus, so I _____ go home on foot.
A. must B. have to C. may D. had to
33. He ought to win the first prize, _____ he
A. oughtn’t B. shouldn’t C. mustn’t D. both A and B
34. Everyone _____ do his best for the modernizations of our country.
A. can B. may C. should D. might
35. Let’s clean our classroom, _____
A. will you B. don’t we C. shall we D. do you
36. Let us play basketball, ______
A. will you B. don’t we C. shall we D. do you
37. He asked me for this book many times. Please tell him that he _____ have it tomorrow.
A. must B. may C. shall D. both B and C
38. “Your phone number again I _____ quite catch it.” “It’s 9568442.”
A. didn’t B. couldn’t C. don’t D. can’t
39. Mother _____ us stories when we were children.
A. was used to tell B. is used to telling C. used to tell D. used to telling
40. She would rather _____ more money on books _____ on clothes.
A. cost … not B. to spare … don’t C. pay … than D. spend … than
2）强化练习题
1) You____ all those clothes! We have a washing machine to do that sort of thing.
　A) needn't have washed B) shouldn't have washed
　C) must not have washed D) can not have washed
2) John's score on the test is the highest in the class; he____ last night.
A) should study B) should have studied
C) must have studied　 D) must have to study
3) The room is in a terrible mess; it ____cleaned.
　A) can't have been B) shouldn't have been
　C) mustn't have been 　D) wouldn't have been
4) Nobody knows how people first came to these islands. They ____ from South America on rafts.
A) must have sailed B) can sail C) might have sailed D) should have sailed 　5) Mary was not in her bedroom yesterday afternoon. She ____ in her classroom.
　A) should have been 　　B) must have been 　　C) must be 　　D) should be 　　6) Bob said he was going to join our club but he didn't. He ____ his mind.
　A) can't have changed 　　B) wouldn't have changed
　C) must have changed D) shouldn't have changed
7) You____ to town to see the film yesterday. It will be on TV tonight.
　A) needn't go B) had better not go 　C) should not go 　D) needn't have gone
8) We____ the letter yesterday, but it didn't arrive.
　A) must receive 　 B) ought to receive
C) must have received 　 D) ought to have received
9) With all the work on hand, he____ to the cinema last night.
　A) mustn't go B) shouldn't have gone C) could not go D) couldn't have gone
10) Eve was late for class again. She ____earlier.
　A) should get up 　B) must get up 　C) need to get up 　D) should have got up
11) I am feeling sick. I____ so much chocolate.
　A) needn't have eaten 　 B) couldn't have eaten
　C) mustn't have eaten 　　 D) shouldn't have eaten
12) I didn't send out my application form last week, but I ____.
　A) had 　 B) would do 　 　C) should have 　 　D) might have to
13) Walking alone in the deserted village, John was scared. He thought he____ Tom to go with him.
A) might have asked B) should asked　C) must have asked　D) should have asked
14) When I got to the cinema, the film had already started; I____ there earlier.
　A) ought to get 　B) ought to have got 　C) must have got 　D) must get
15) The road was muddy. It____ last night.
A) must rained 　B) must have rained 　C) must be rained 　D) could have rained
16) She can speak quite fluent English. She____.
　A) must been in the U.S.A. for some time
　B) must have been in the U.S.A. for some time
　C) should have been in the U.S.A. for some time
　D) May be in the U.S.A. for some time
17) You should bear in mind that he is not so strong as he____.
A) was used to be 　B) used to be 　C) was used to 　D) use to
18)“We didn't see him at the exhibition yesterday.”“He ___it.”
　A) mustn't visit B) can't have visited C) should have gone to see D) may see
19) Mary ____my letter, otherwise she would have replied before now.
　A) should have received B) has received C) couldn't have received D) ought to have received
20) I ____ you a valuable present for your birthday, but I was short of money.
　A) would have liked to give B) liked to give C) have liked to give D) would like to give
21)“Where ____ my umbrella ”“Somebody ____ it away by mistake.”
　A) is, must have taken B) is, must take 　C) have been, must take D) is, takes
22) What ____ would happen if the director knew you felt that way
　A) will you suppose　B) you suppose C) do you suppose D) you would suppose
23) Two eyes ____see more than one.
　A) can B) may 　　 C) will 　　 D) should
24) ____ you continue in your efforts and achieve new and greater successes.
　A) Would 　　 B) Will 　　 C) May 　　 D) Should
25) We ought to help each other in our work, ____
　A) oughtn't we 　　B) should we 　　C) shouldn't we 　　D) ought to we
26) Tom ____ better than to ask Dick for help.
A) shall know 　B) shouldn't know 　C) has known 　D) should have known
27) You ____ your tooth pulled out before it rot completely.
　A) had better got 　B) had to get better 　C) had better to get 　D) had better get
28) When we got to the cinema, the film hasn't started yet, so we ____.
　A) needn't hurry B) didn't need hurry 　C) needn't to hurry D) needn't have hurried
29) It was really very dangerous; you ____ him seriously.
　A) might have injured B) could injure C) should have injured D) must injure
30) As he had heart attack, he was told that he ____ continue the work.
　A) needn't B) may not 　 　C) mustn't 　　 D) can't
31) An Englishman who ____not speak Italian was once traveling in Italy.
　A) must 　　 B) could 　　 C) may 　　 D) might
32) I ____like to make a suggestion.
　A) could B) would C) must D) might
33) I know things are hard with you, but you ____try to get over the difficulties.
　A) can 　　 B) may 　　 C) must D) ought
34 I can't find the recorder in the room. It ____ by somebody.
　A) may have been taken away B) may leave
　C) may take away 　　D) must have taken away
35) He ____the 9:20 train because he didn't leave home till 9:25.
　A) can reach B) could catch C) may not catch D) couldn't have caught
3) 单句改错（先判断句子是否正确，正确的句子不需改动。）
1. Ought you smoke so much
2. If Fred didn’t leave here before five, he mustn’t be home yet.
3. I’m going home. I don’t want to but I must, because my mother asked me not to go out after dark.
4. After I’ve finished my course, I’ll can speak English fluently.
5. I can be seeing the top of the tower in this bedroom.
6. You are not able to play football in the park on Sundays, though you may do so on weekdays.
7. He can’t be working at this hour!
8. Mary Blake ought to not be home by now.
9. His luggage is still here, he must not have left.
10. I used to writing poetry myself when I was his age.
三、能力提升
1. You _____ return the book now. You can keep it till next week if you like.
A. can’t B. mustn’t C. needn’t D. may not
2. Where is my pen I _____ it.
A. might lose B. would have lost C. should have lost D. must have lost
3. I wish I _____ you yesterday.
A. seen B. did see C. had seen D. were to see
4. I didn’t hear the phone. I _____ asleep.
A. must be B. must have been C. should be D. should have been
5. If my lawyer _____ here last Saturday, he _____ me from going.
A. had been; would have prevented B. had been; would prevent
C. were; would prevent D. were; would have prevented
6. He _____ you more help, even though he was very busy.
A. might have given B. might have C. may have given D. may give
7. If it _____ for the snow, we _____ the mountain yesterday.
A. were not; could have climbed B. were not; could climb
C. had not been; could have climbed D. had not been; could climb
8. Without electricity human life _____ quite difficult today.
A. is B. will be C. would have been D. would be
9. A computer _____ think for itself, it must be told what to do.
A. can’t B. couldn’t C. may not D. might not
10. Jenny _____ have kept her word. I wonder why she changed her mind.
A. must B. should C. need D. would
11. We _____ last night, but we went to the concert instead.
A. must have studied B. might study C. should have studied D. would study
12. — Could I borrow your dictionary — Yes, of course you _____.
A. might B. will C. can D. should
13. Tom ought not to _____ me your secret, but he meant no harm.
A. have told B. tell C. be telling D. having told
14. — If he _____, he _____ that food.
— Luckily he was sent to the hospital immediately.
A. was warned; would not take B. had been warned; would not have taken
C. would be warned; had not taken D. would have been warned; had not taken
15. Peter _____ come with us tonight, but he isn’t very sure yet.
A. must B. may C. can D. will
16. I told Sally how to get here, but perhaps I _____ for her.
A. had to write it out B. must have written it out
C. should have written it out D. ought to write it out
17. I didn’t see your sister at the meeting. If she _____, she would have met my brother.
A. has come B. did come C. came D. had come
18. — Shall I tell John about it — No, you _____. I’ve told him already.
A. needn’t B. wouldn’t C. mustn’t D. shouldn’t
19. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it _____.
A. breaks B. has broken C. were broken D. had been broken
20. It’s nearly seven o’clock. Jack _____ be here at any moment.
A. must B. need C. should D. can
21.— There were already five people in the car but they managed to take me as well.
— It _____ a comfortable journey.
A. can’t be B. shouldn’t be C. mustn’t have been D. couldn’t have been
22. Johnny, you _____ play with the knife, you _____ hurt yourself.
A. won’t; can’t B. mustn’t; may C. shouldn’t; must D. can’t; shouldn’t
23. The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone _____ get out.
A. had to B. would C. could D. was able to
24. — When can I come for the photos I need them tomorrow afternoon.
— They _____ be ready by 12:00.
A. can B. should C. might D. need
25. — I stayed at a hotel while in New York. — Oh, did you You _____ with Barbara.
A. could have stayed B. could stay C. would stay D. must have stayed
26. — Will you stay for lunch
— Sorry, _____. My brother is coming to see me.
A. I mustn’t B. I can’t C. I needn’t D. I won’t
27. — Are you coming to Jeff’s party
— I’m not sure. I _____ go to the concert instead.
A. must B. would C. should D. might
28. — Write to me when you get home.
— _____.
A. I must B. I should C. I will D. I can
29. I was really anxious about you, you _____ home without a word.
A. mustn’t leave B. shouldn’t have left C. couldn’t have left D. needn’t leave
30. — Is John coming by train
— He should, but he _____ not. He likes driving his car.
A. must B. can C. need D. may
解答部分
基础训练部分
1——5 ACCCC 6——10 DDBCD 11——15 CCACB 16——20 BACCA
1. had better 2. have gone 3. need not go 4. to have taken
5. mustn’t 6. was able to 7. don’t need 8. should have gone
9. should have 10. will 11. shall not 12. will
13. shall 14. had better 15. Can
强化练习1）选择填空部分答案解析
1. D. must表示推测时不用于否定句；shouldn’t have done sth. 表示“本不应该做某事而实际上做了”；needn’t have done sth. 表示“本来不必做某事而实际上做了”；couldn’t have done sth. 表示“不可能做过某事”。根据题意，选D。
2. A. 情态动词ought 后要接带to的不定式，ought to do 的否定式是ought not to do，所以答案是A。
3. A. must not always be doing sth. 表示“不要老是做谋事”，含有埋怨、指责、反感等感彩。
4. D. 题中的A项和B项都指现在情况；couldn’t have gone表示“不可能去过”；shouldn’t have gone表示“本不应该去而实际上去了”。根据题意，选D。
5. D. could have done sth. 表示“本来能够做某事而实际上未能做成”。
6. D. should可用于表示惊奇、感叹、不满等感彩的句子，如指过去的动作，则要用should have done sth. Would 和 may通常不带感彩。
7. C. 题中的dare是情态动词，后接不带to的不定式，主要用于疑问句、否定句和条件句中。
8. B. must开头的疑问句，否定答语用needn’t或don’t have to。
9. C. would rather通常也视为情态动词（组），后接动词原形，其否定形式为would rather not。
10. D. need作为情态动词，其否定形式为needn’t；作实义动词时，其否定形式为don’t (doesn’t) need to do。
11. D. must用在肯定句中表推测时，语气比could, would等肯定得多。此处“must + 不定式进行式”表“想必正在……”之意。
12. A. would rather … than …，意为“宁愿（做）……而不（做）……”。
13. B. 由句意可知，这是对过去发生的事情不太有把握的推测。
14. D. needn’t have done意为“过去不必做而做了某事”。
15. D. should have done表示“过去应该做而没有做某事”。
16. C. can’t（不能），mustn’t（不准），may not（不可以），均不合题意。
17. D. don’t have to = needn’t
18. D. will用在第二人称的疑问句中，为询问（或征求）对方的意愿或向对方提出请求之意。
19. B. should not have done表示“过去不应该做而做了某事”，含有“后悔”、“责备”、“劝告”，“批评”之意。
20. A. may开头的疑问句，否定答语常用mustn’t。
21. D. 疑问句中shall用于第一、三人称，用来征询对方的意见。
22. D. 推测“她不可能在会上发言”，must表示推测时，不能用于否定句中。
23. B. will在此处表示“意志（向）”。
24. D. should not have done表示“过去不应该做而做了某事”，含有“后悔”、“责备”、“劝告”，“批评”之意。
25. B. must do表示对现在的事实进行推测。
26. C. must have done用于对过去发生的事情进行推测，且较有把握。
27. C. 表示推测时，must比may语气肯定。
28. A. can表推测，只用于否定句和疑问句中。
29. D. must表示推测时，其后的反意问句有两种情况：①对现存状态（现在的事实）进行推测时，反意疑问句中动词用其一般现在形式。②对过去发生的事情进行推测时，若有表过去的时间状语，反意问句用动词的过去式。
30. C. needn’t have done表示“过去不必做而做了某事”，若表示“不必做某事（且实际上未做）”则用“didn’t / don’t / doesn’t need to.”
31. D. A表示“本能够”，B, C表“本应该”。
32. D. have to表示客观上要求做某事，must表示主观上认为必须做某事。
33. D. ought to的反意问句应用oughtn’t或shouldn’t开头。
34. C. should 含“按理应该做……”、“有义务做……”之意。
35. C. Let’s 中的us一般包括对方在内。
36. A. Let us中的us一般不包括对方在内。
37. D. may和shall均可表“允诺”。
38. A. 由句后得知句意为“我开始没听清楚对方的电话号码”，为对过去的事实或发生动作的表述。
39. C. used to do“过去（常）做某事”，be used to doing“习惯于做某事”。
40. D. would rather后接动词原形。Spend … on sth.为常用结构。
强化练习2）答案
1——5 ACACB 6——10 CDDDD 11——15 DCDBB 16——20 BBCCA
21——25 ACACA 26——30 DDDAC 31——35 BBCAD
强化练习3）单句改错答案
1. (No mistake)在否定句和疑问句中，ought后面的to可省。
2. mustn’t — can’t 3. must — have to 4. can — be able to
5. be seeing — see 6. are not able to — cannot 7. (No mistake)
8. to not — not to 9. must — can 10. writing — write
能力提升答案全解
1．C 从原题中You can keep it till next week if you like这一信息句可知，“你不必现在还”。
2．D 从原题中Where is my pen 这一信息句可告诉考生，“笔丢了”，丢的动作是过去发生的。因此用must + have done表示对过去事实的肯定猜测。
3．C 原题中的yesterday这一信息词告诉考生，在wish后的宾语从句中，用过去完成时，表示与过去事实相反的愿望。
4．B 从原题中的I didn’t hear the phone.这一信息可以判断出，用must have done表示过去事实的准确的肯定猜测。
5．A 从原题中last Saturday这一信息词可知，条件句中用表示与过去 事实相反的过去完成时，主句用would + have done。
6．A might have + 过去分词，在次是虚拟语气，表示“本来可以给你更多的帮助”，而事实则是帮助较少。
7．C 从原题中的yesterday这一信息词暗示考生，该句应选用与过去事实相反的过去完成时，If it had not been for … “要不是因为……”。
8．D 原题中的Without electricity相当于一个条件句：If there were no electricity,故主句用human life would be quite difficult today.
9．A can可以表示一种客观上的能力，本句can’t，表示“不能，不会”。
10．B 从原题总的“I wonder why she changed her mind”“我不知道为何他改变了主意了。”这句话告诉考生Janny没有守诺言。因此，用should + have done，表示“过去本应该做某事，而实际上没有做”。
11．C 可参看10题。意思是：“昨晚本应该学习，但是却去听音乐会了。”
12．C 原题中的could不是过去时，而表示一种委婉、客气的礼貌用语。因此用could提问时，用can回答。同样用would，might提问，用will和may回答。[注意]①— Would you rather do such a thing — Yes, I would.
②— Would you like some tea — Yes, I would.
这两个对话中的would rather，would like是惯用法，故不能用will来回答。因为在这两个句型中，will不能去替换would。
13．A 可参看10、15题。该句意思是：“汤姆本来不该告诉我你的秘密，但他没有伤害你的意思。”ought not to have done = shouldn’t have done
14．B 从答语中的Luckily he was sent to the hospital immediately这一信息句可提示考生，条件句应填表示与过去事实相反的时态。
15．B 从原题中的but he isn’t very sure yet这一信息句可暗示考生，Peter当晚来的可能性不大。A是“准来，肯定来”，D是“将要来”。
16．C 可参看10、11、13题。“本应该”而事实上没有……
17．D 从原题中I didn’t see your sister at the meeting和后文she would have met my brother这两个信息句可知，if条件句中应填与过去事实相反的过去完成时。可参看6、7、14题。
18．A 你不必告诉他。因为I’ve told him already这一信息句已暗示考生了。
19．C 当as if引导虚拟语气的句子是，如果主句与从句中的谓语词所表达的动作同时发生时，as if后接一般过去时。例如：He walked as if he were lame.如果从句中的谓语动作发生个在主句谓语动作之前，则用过去完成时。例如：He talked as if he had known the secret.不论主句中的谓语是现在时还是过去时。
20．C 只要考生抓住nearly一词和后文at any moment（随时的意思）这两个信息词语，就能很快选出C项，表示逻辑推测，意思是“快七点钟了，杰克一会儿就该到了。”
21．D 根据句意，是对过去情况的推测。“当时决不可能是一次舒服的乘车。”must表示对过去的推测只能用于肯定句。
22．B mustn’t表示“禁止”；may表示“有可能”。句子的意思是：“你不可以玩刀，可能会伤你自己。”
23．D 该题在考考生could与was able to之间的区别。Was able to表示在困难的情况下，经过一番周折而“能……”，并且成功地做了。
24．B 该题考查情态动词should表推测的用法。Can和might都可以表示可能性，用might则语气更加不肯定。Need表示“需要”、“必需”。Should可以表示推测，结合实际，合乎逻辑，意为“应当”、“该”。根据第一个说话者说的I need them tomorrow afternoon的语境，可以确定正确答案为B。
25．A 该题在考查“情态动词+不定式的完成式”的用法，从会话的语境看，空白处应填“could + have +过去分词”表示过去本来能做到的事而事实上没有做到。
26．B 该题考查表示请求的英语口语，用will来向第二人称提问的疑问结构，是表达一种意愿和请求，是以疑问的形式来表达较为婉转的祈使语气，意思是“请你……，好吗？”，对于这种问句的肯定答语可用Sure! Certainly! Yes, of course. I’d be glad to等；否定回答通常是I’m sorry, I can’t. No, I’m afraid I can’t. I’m sorry, but … I ‘d like to, but …等。
27．D might表示“可能性”。
28．C 意思是“我会的”。对祈使句的肯定回答。
29．B shouldn’t have done为本来不该做某事，而事实上做了。
30．D 用may not可表示“可能不”。而can not则表示断然的否定推测“不可能”。A，C意思不符。
PAGE
4Exercises for Modal Verb
1. _____ you ready
(A) Are (B) Have (C) Will (D) Can
2. ____ here early
(A) Will he (B) Was he (C) Did he be (D) Were he
3. I ___ happy about the price of eggs.
(A) am't (B) am not (C) do not (D) won’t
4. Since last year I____ him only once.
(A) have seen (B) have been seeing (C) see (D) was seeing
5. Donald ___ sixteen tomorrow.
(A) is being (B) going to be (C) shall be (D) will be
6. I ___ the story at all.
(A) don't like (B) like (C) am fond of (D) would like
7. I would rather ___ than play now.
(A) to study (B)am studying (C) study (D) studied
8. I'd rather you ___ anything about it for the time being.
(A) do (B) didn't do (C) don't (D) didn't
9. The car___much money.
(A) not cost (B) not have cost (C) isn't cost (D) didn't cost
10. I ___ like to eat fish.
(A) am (B) have (C) do (D) be
11. ___ repeat the question
(A) Shall I (B) Will I (C) Would you like that I (D) Do you want that I
12. My teacher knows more than ___.
(A) my uncle knows (B) my uncle does (C) they know (D) they don't know
13. He___to meet us at the station, but didn't see us.
(A) did go (B) did went (C) goes (D) had
14. Not only ____us light.
(A) does the sun give (B) the sun gives (C) gives the sun (D) the sun does give
15. ____ you tell me what has happened
(A) May (B) Must (C) Can (D) Could
16. Anne___tomorrow.
(A) can sing (B) can to sing (C) is going sing (D) going to sing
17. You___hand it in at once, you may hand it in tomorrow.
(A) needn't (B) may not (C) can't (D) must not
18. Tell the boy that he ___ in the river.
(A) swims (B) swim (C) swimming (D) to swim
19. Joan___play on Saturday.
(A) going to (B) can (C) is going (D) can to
20. Susan and I can go to the lecture ___.
(A) but neither can Charles (B) and so Charies can (C) but Charles can't
(D) and Charles also can
21. "That must be a mistake." "No it a mistake."(2)
(A) must not be (B) needn't be (C) cannot be (D) would not be
22. You ___ be more careful next time.
(A) have to (B) may (C) must (D) had to
23. I hoped ___ my letter.
(A) her to answering (B) that she would answer (C) that she answer (D) her answering
24. What___for you
(A) shall I do (B) I may do (C) can I do (D) must I do
25. ___ I water the trees on Tuesday No, you needn't.
(A) Can (B) Must (C) May (D) Shall
26. It is high time that we lunch,
(A) have (B) had (C) would have (D) will have
27. You___to the meeting this afternoon if you have something important to do.
(A) needn't to come (B) don't need come (C)don't need coming (D) needn't come
28. It ___ rain tomorrow.
(A) can (B) must (C) should (D) may
29. I ___finish this before I go.
(A) must (B) do (C) may (D) shall
30. The meeting begins at eight o'clock. We ____ be late.
(A) mustn't (B) needn't (C) may not (D) can not
31. ___ you be here at eight o'clock tomorrow morning
(A) Would (B)Should (C) Can (D) Could
32. It ___ be difficult to learn Japanese.
(A) shall (B) must (C) should (D) need
33. ___ I have a talk with the Party Secretary now
(A) Will (B) Did (C) May (D) Can
34. "Did your brother break the window " "He ___ have done it."
(A) will not (B) is (C) may (D) can
35. May we in the halls
(A) smoke (B) will smoke (C) to smoke (D) smoking
36. I'm not sure that I'll go to the concert. I ___ go.
(A) may (B) did (C) did not (D) am
37. Since it is already midnight, ___.
(A) had better leaving (B) ought to have leave (C) should take our leave
(D) might as well leave
38. She doesn't answer the doorbell. She___be asleep.
(A) ought to (B) might (C) must have (D) should
39. Our teacher had one strict rule. She said that all the students___to class on time.
(A) came (B) might come (C) must come (D) must have come
40. ___ I ask your name
(A) Can (B) Could (C) Should (D) Might
41. ____ you be happy!
(A) May (B) Can (C) Must (D) Would
42. John studied hard that he___ the examination.
(A) will pass (B) may pass (C) passes (D) would pass
43. "Must we come tomorrow " "___ .”
(A) No, you can't (B) No, you needn't (C) No, you must (D) No, you may
44. Must I go with you No, you ___.
(A) mustn't (B) can't (C) needn't (D) may not
45. You____ lesson, though we have it on Thursday.
(A) mustn't...needn't (B) needn't ...mustn't (C) mustn't...mustn't (D) needn't... needn't
46. He___ go there.
(A) dare not (B) dare not (C) dares not to (D) does not dare
47. "You___read that article if you don’t want to.”
(A) needn't (B) mustn’t (C)haven't (D) can’t
48. You___afraid of any difficulties.
(A) need not to be (B) need not (C) don't need (D) need not be
49. You___see him, but I must.
(A) haven't (B) can’t (C) mustn't (D) needn’t
50. To succeed in a difficult task, ___.
(A) one needs to work hard (B) to work hard is needed
(C) you need be a hard-working person
(D) to work hard is what one needs
(C) you need be a hard-working person (D) to work hard is what one needs
51. We shall___hurry if we are going to catch the 12:00 train.
(A) must (B) need (C) necessary (D) have to
52. When the storm comes all windows ___.
(A) ought to close (B) out to be closing (C) ought to be closed (D) ought to closed
53. It is strange that he ___ so.
(A) would say (B) would speak (C) should say (D) will speak
54. 1 think you'd better___his advice and rest for a few days.
(A) to take (B) taking (C) take (D) took
55. In case I____ I would try again.
(A) will fail (B) would miss (C) should fail (D) shall miss
56. Since the road is wet this morning, ___ last night.
(A) it must rain (B) it must have rained (C) it must be rained
(D) it must have been rained
57. Some people feel that handguns ___ .
(A) should control (B) should be controlled (C) must be controlling (D) can be control
58. He asked me if he___open the window.
(A) shall (B) would (C) will (D) should
59. ____open the door for you
(A) Would you like that I (B) D0 you want that I (C) Will I (D) Shall I
60. Everyone ___do his best for the modernization of our country.
(A) can (B) may (C) should (D) had to
61. You at once.
(A) had better to go (B) had better go (C) had to go better (D) had better gone
62. "Do you want me to lend some money " "I wish you ___. I would pay you back next week.
(A) should (B) did (C) might (D) would
63. Look what you've ____ done! You ___ be more careful.
(A) may (B) should (C) had to (D) would
64. "Your shirt is dirty, it for you ”
(A) am I washing (B) am I going to wash (C) will I wash (D) shall I wash
65. He ___ not pay unless he is punished to pay.
(A) shall (B) will (C) should (D) would
66. Even if he has time, he___shopping in town on Sunday.
(A) won't go (B) will go (C) won't go to (D) doesn't go
67. If only we work hard, the difficulties ____ overcome.
(A) will be (B) must be (C) should have (D) have to
68. I___such a mistake again.
(A) shall never make (B) will never make (C) can never do (D) need never do
69. "Will you lend me the book " "Yes, I___. "
(A) will (B) shall (C) can (D) may
70. If I had time___see that new movie at the University Theater.
(A) I'll (B) I may (C) I shall (D) I'd
71. I___like to know where you were born.
(A) shall (B) should (C) could (D) may
72. I ___ it again.
(A) would like you to read (B) would like that you read
(C) would like you reading (D)would like you read
73. Peter___like to meet Mary.
(A) does (B) would (C) should (D) had
74. I me what happened.
(A) would like you tell (B) would like you to tell
(C) would like you telling (D) would like you that you tell
75. What to do when you finish your course at Leeds
(A) shall you like (B) do you like (C) would you like (D) have you liked
76. ____to have lunch with us today
(A) Do you like (B) Would you like (C) Will you like (D) Have you like
77. I hope you can visit my country soon, because___ to show you some of the beautiful places near my home.
(A) I like (B) I'd like (C) I will like (D) I shall like
78. My father___such a thing.
(A) cannot say (B) couldn't say (C) may not say (D) cannot have said
79. We didn't see him at the lecture yesterday. He ____ it.
(A) mustn't attend (B) cannot have attended (C) would have not attended
(D) needn't have attended
80. He went on foot, but ___ by bus.
(A) might of gone (B) should gone (C) could have gone (D) ought have gone
81. The English of this can't___it herself.
(A) have to write (B) have written (C) had written (D) be written
82. You had better___late tomorrow afternoon.
(A) not to be (B) not be (C) being not (D) to be not
83. You___the look on his face when he won the prize.
(A) would have seen (B) can be seeing (C) must see (D) should have seen
84. "Where are my keys I ___ lost them.”
(A) ought to (B) should have (C) will have (D) must have
85. He___finished earlier.
(A) can have (B) ought to (C) could have (D) should
86. She ___ for yesterday'test, but she didn’t.
(A) should have studied (B) would study (C) might be studying
(D) must have studied
87. Bill said that he ____ into the city to pick up his children.
(A) will drive (B) would drive (C) is driving (D) drives
88. He ___ breakfast at eight o'clock when he lived alone. But nowadays he it at seven.
(A) was used to have ... is having (B) was used to having ...is having
(C) used to have ... has (D) used to having ...was
89. ____ open the door for you
(A) Would you like that I (B) Do you want me (C) Will I (D) Shall I
90. The light is out in her room; she ____ to bed.
(A) must have gone (B) had gone (C) must be going (D) must go
91. They ___ that far.
(A) might be gone (B) should gone (C) could have gone (D) ought have gone
92. You ought not to him that the day before.
(A) have told (B) tell (C) be telling (D) had told
93. What I do for you
(A) can (B) may (C) must (D) shall
94. The children ___ play outside.
(A) aren't going (B) aren’t going to (C) not going to (D) going to
95. The doctor suggested that he ___ an operation at once.
(A) must have (B) had (C) have (D) had had
96. He___to the farm yesterday.
(A) need go (B) needed go (C) has to go (D) had to go
97. ___ to the doctor's this morning.
(A) Have you to go (B) Have you go (C) Do you go to (D) Had you to go
98. The villagers___to fetch water from a dirty pond before liberation.
(A) could (B) must (C) had (D) might
99. In the old society Grandpa Zhou ___ to work long hours a day.
(A) was working (B) was having (C) had (D) has
100. Everybody ___ in bed.
(A) has to spend some time (B) have to spend some time
(C) has to spend sometimes (D) have to spend sometimes
101. The water is very cold. You'd better not ___.
(A) to swim (B) swimming (C) swim (D) swam
102. You___drive carefully. The roads are wet.
(A) had rather (B) would rather (C) had better (D) would better
103. You___ go now. It's getting late.
(A) had rather (B) would (C) had better (D) would
104. I think we had better___him the news now.
(A) to tell (B) telling (C) told (D) tell
105. Since the bus is crowded, we ___.
(A) had better walk to home (B) have better walk home
(C) had better walk home (D) had better to walk home
106. "You___come in now, Mary! It's getting cold.”"I ___ go on playing in the garden."
(A) had better...had better (B) would rather...had better
(C) had better...would rather (D) had better...would have better
107. When I was a boy, I ___ chocolate.
(A) would like (B) was used to like (C) should like (D) used to like
108. "Are you a film star " " ___. ”
(A) Yes, I am not (B) Yes, I was (C) I used to be (D) I used to
109. We ___ go to the movies quite frequently.
(A) use to (B) used to (C) were used to (D) are used to
110. I ___ have breakfast at half past seven. But now I have it at seven.
(A) used (B) used to (C) was used to (D) am used to
111. She___not walk alone in the dark.
(A) dare (B) can (C) should (I)) need
112. I tell her the truth.
(A) cannot help (B) cannot but (C) may not help (D) could but
113. I wasn't supposed to go to the movies, but I ___ myself.
(A) cannot help (B) couldn't but (C) had to help (D) couldn't help
114. When a friend gave Jim a ticket to the game, he ___ go.
(A) couldn't help (B) cannot but (C) couldn't help but (D) just have to
115. Looking at my determined face, the big boy ___ pick up the fight.
(A) dares not (B) dare not (C) doesn't dare (D) dares not to
116. He began to write two hours ago. He___have finished the article now.
(A) must (B) ought (C) ought to (D) had to
117. They asked Tom to give him a drink, and he____ .
(A) hadn't (B) wasn't C) wouldn't D) shouldn't
118. As the physics is hard enough, I ___ study it.
(A) cannot (B) can't (C) am not able to (D) am not able
119. He is very strong. He will be able___for another hour.
(A) work (B) working (C) to work (D) to be worked
120. He___ live in the country than in the city.
(A) prefers (B) likes better to (C) had better (D) would rather
KEY to the Exercises:
1. (A) 2, (B) 3. (B) 4. (A) 5, (D)
6, (A) 7. (C) 8. (B) 9. (9) 10, (C)
31. (A) 12. (B) 13. (A) 14. (A) 15. (D)
16. (A) 17. (A) 18. (B) 19. (B) 20, (C)
21. (C) 22. (C) 23. (B) 24. (C) 25. (B)
26. (B) 27. (D) 28. (D) 29. (A) 30. (C)
31. (C) 32. (B) 33. (C) 34. (C) 35. (A)
36. (A) 37. (D) 38. (B) 39. (C) 40. (D)
41. (A) 42. (B) 43. (B) 44. (C) 45. (A)
46. (A) 47. (A) 48. (D) 49. (D) 50. (A)
51. (D) 52. (C) 53. (C) 54. (C) 55. (C)
56. (B) 57. (B) 58. (D) 59. (D) 60. (C)
61. (B) 62. (D) 63. (B) 64. (D) 65. (B)
66. (A) 67. (A) 68. (B) 69. (A) 70. (D)
71. (B) 72. (A) 73. (B) 74. (B) 75. (C)
76. (B) 77. (B) 78. (D) 79. (B) 80. (C)
81. (B) 82. (B) 83. (D) 84. (D) 85.(C)
86. (A) 87. (B) 88. (C) 89. (D) 90. (A)
91. (C) 92. (A) 93. (A) 94. (B) 95. (C)
96. (D) 97. (A) 98. (C) 99. (C) 100. (A)
101. (C) 102. (C) 103. (C) 104. (D) 105. (C)
106. (C) 107. (D) 108. (C) 109. (B) 110. (B)
111. (A) 112. (B) 113. (D) 114. (C) 115. (B)
116. (C) 117. (C) 118. (C) 119. (C) 120. (D)
1
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情态动词专题训练
概 说
助动词(auxiliary)主要有两类：基本助动词(primary auxiliary)和情态助动词(modal auxiliary)。基本助动词有三个：do, have和be；情态助动词有十三个：may, might; can, could; will, would; shall, should; must, need, dare, used to, ought to. 上述两类助动词的共同特征是，在协助主动词构成限定动词词组时，具有作用词的功能：
1） 构成否定式：
He didn’t go and neither did she.
The meeting might not start until 5 o’clock.
2） 构成疑问式或附加疑问式：
Must you leave right now
You have been learning French for 5 years, haven’t you
3） 构成修辞倒装：
Nowhere can he obtain any information about his sister.
Hardly had he arrived when she started complaining.
4） 代替限定动词词组：
A: Who can solve this crossword puzzle
B: Tom can.
A: Shall I write to him
B: Yes, do.
情态助动词的特征
基本助动词与情态助动词最主要的区别之一是，基本助动词本身没有词义，而情态助动词则有自己的词义，能表示说话人对有关动作或状态的看法，或表示主观设想：
What have you been doing since （构成完成进行体，本身无词义）
I am afraid I must be going. （一定要）
You may have read some account of the matter. （或许已经）
除此之外，情态助动词还有如下词法和句法特征：
1） 除ought和used以外，其他情态动词后面只能接不带to的不定式。如果我们把ought to和used to看做是固定词组的话，那么，所有情态动词无一例外地只能接不带to的不定式：
We used to grow beautiful roses.
I asked if he would come and repair my television set.
2） 情态助动词在限定动词词组总总是位居第一：
They need not have been punished so severely.
3） 情态助动词用于第三人称单数现在时的时候，没有词形变化，即其词尾无-s形式：
She dare not say what she thinks.
4） 情态动词没有非限定形式，即没有不定式、-ing分词和-ed分词形式：
Still, she needn’t have run away.
5） 情态助动词的“时”的形式并不是时间区别的主要标志。在不少场合，情态助动词的现在时和过去时形式都可以表示现在、过去或将来时间：
Would you mind very much if I ask you to do something
She told him he ought not to have done it.
6） 情态助动词之间是相互排斥的，即在一个限定动词词组中只能出现一个情态助动词，但有时却可以与have和be基本助动词连用：
You should have washed the wound.
Well, you shouldn’t be reading a novel.
现将情态助动词的各种形式列表如下：
肯定式 否定式 简略否定式
maymight may notmight not mayn’tmightn’t
cancould can not, cannotcould not can’tcouldn’t
will, ’llwould, ’d will not, ’ll notwould not, ’d not won’twouldn’t
shallshould shall notshould not shan’tshouldn’t
must must not mustn’t
need need not needn’t
dare dare not daren’t
used to used not to didn’t use(d) tousedn’t to
ought to ought not to oughtn’t to
情态助动词的意义和用法
情态助动词从最普通的意义上来说，是修饰分句意义的一种方式，它可以反映说话者对其表述是否真实和可能的程度作出判断。但不同的情态助动词本身所包含的意义和用法又不同，下面逐个分析。
1） can和could的用法
1． 表示能力或客观可能性，还可以表示请求和允许。如：
Can you finish this work tonight
Man cannot live without air.
— Can I go now — Yes, you can.
注意：①could也可表示请求，预期委婉，主要用于疑问句，不可用于肯定句，答语应用can（即could不能用于现在时态的简略答语中）。如：
Could I come to see you tomorrow
Yes, you can. （否定答语可用No, I’m afraid not.）
②can表示能力时，还可用be able to代替。如：
I’ll not be able to come this afternoon.
2． 表示惊异、怀疑、不相信的态度。（主要用在否定句、疑问句或惊叹句中）
Can this be true
How can you be so careless!
This cannot be done by him.
3． “can(could) + have + 过去分词”的疑问或否定形式表示对过去发生的行为怀疑或不肯定。如：
He cannot have been to that town.
Can he have got the book
2） may和might的用法
1． 表示许可。
表示请求、允许时，might比many的语气更委婉一些，否定回答时要用mustn’t表示“不可以”、“禁止”、“阻止”之意。如：
You may drive the car.
— Might I use your pen — No, you mustn’t.
用May I ... 征询对方许可在文体上比较正式，在口气上比较客气。在日常口语中，用Can I ... 征询对方意见在现代口语中更为常见。
2． 用于祈使句中表示祝愿。如：
May you succeed!
3． 表示推测、可能（疑问句不能用于此意）。
He may be very busy now.
4． “may(might) + have + 过去分词”表示对过去发生的行为的推测。如：
He may not have finished the work.
3） must和have to的用法
1． 表示必须、必要。如：
You must come in time.
回答must引出的问句时，如果是否定的回答，不能用mustn’t，而要用needn’t或don’t have to。
— Must we hand in our exercise books today
— Yes, you must. (No, you don’t have to.)
2． “must be + 表语”的结构表示推测，它的否定或疑问式用can代替must。
This must be your pen.
3． “must + have + 过去分词”的结构常用在肯定句中，表示对过去发生的行为的推测。它的否定或疑问式用can代替must。
He must have been to Shanghai.
4． have to的含义与must相似，两者往往可以互换使用，但have to有各种形式，随have的变化而定。must与have to有下列几点不同：
1 must表示的是说话人的主观看法，而have to则往往强调客观需要。如：
The play is not interesting. I really must go now.
I had to work when I was your age.
2 must一般只表现在，have则有更多的时态形式。
3 二者的否定意义不大相同。如：
You mustn’t go. 你可不要去。
You don’t have to go. 你不必去。
4 询问对方的意愿时应用must。如：
Must I clean all the room
4） dare和need的用法
1． need表示“需要”或“必须”，作情态动词时，仅用于否定句或疑问句中，在肯定句中一般用must, have to, ought to,或should代替。如：
You needn’t come so early.
— Need I finish the work today
— Yes, you must.
注意：needn’t + 不定式的完成式“表示本来不必做某事而实际上做了某事”。如：
You needn’t have waited for me.
2． Dare作情态动词时，主要用于疑问句、否定句和条件从句中，一般不用在肯定句中。如：
How dare you say I’m unfair.
He daren’t speak English before such a crowd, dare he
3． Dare和need常用作实义动词，有时态、人称和数的变化，所不同的是，作实义动词时，在肯定句中，dare后面通常接带to的不定式，在否定和疑问句中，dare后面可接带to或不带to的不定式。如：
I dare to swim across this river.
He does not dare (to) answer.
Don’t you dare (to) touch it!
I wondered he dare (to) say that.
He needs to finish it this evening.
5） shall和should的用法
1． Shall用于第一人称，表示征求对方的意愿。如：
What shall we do this evening
2． Shall用于第一、第三人称疑问句中，表示说话人征求对方的意见或向对方请示。如：
Shall we begin our lesson
When shall he be able to leave the hospital
3． Shall用于第二、第三人称，表示说话人给对方命令、警告、允诺或威胁。如：
You shall fail if you don’t work harder. （警告）
He shall have the book when I finish reading. （允诺）
He shall be punished. （威胁）
4． Should表示劝告、建议、命令，其同义词是ought to；在疑问句中，通常用should代替ought to。如：
You should go to class right away.
Should I open the window
Should的含义较多，用法较活，现介绍三种其特殊用法。请看下面的句子：
1 I should think it would be better to try it again. 我倒是认为最好再试一试。
2 You are mistaken, I should say. 依我看，你是搞错了。
3 I should advise you not to do that. 我倒是劝你别这样做。
4 This is something I should have liked to ask you. 这是我本来想问你的。
从以上例句可以看出：情态动词should用于第一人称时可以表示说话人的一种谦逊、客气、委婉的语气。
Should还可以用在if引导的条件从句，表示一件事听起来可能性很小，但也不是完全没有可能。相当于“万一”的意思。从句谓语由should加动词原形构成，主句谓语却不一定用虚拟语气。如：
5 Ask her to ring me up if you should see her. 你万一见到她，请让她给我打个电话。
6 If you should change your mind, please let us know. 万一你改变主意，请通知我们。
7 Should I (If I should) be free tomorrow I will come. 万一我明天有时间，我就来。
此外，Why(or How) + should结构表示说话人对某事不能理解，感到意外、惊异等意思。意为“竟会”。如：
8 Why should you be so late today 你几天怎么来得这么晚？
9 — Where is Betty living — 贝蒂住在哪里？
— How should I know — 我怎么会知道呢？
10 I don’t know why you should think that I did it. 我真不知道你凭什么认为这件事是我干的。
5． “should + have + 过去分词”结构一般表示义务，表示应该做到而实际上没有做到，并包含一种埋怨、责备的口气。如：
She should have finished it.
I should have helped her, but I never could.
You should have started earlier.
6） will和would的用法
1． 表示请求、建议等，would比will委婉客气。如：
Would you pass me the book
2． 表示意志、愿望和决心。如：
I will never do that again.
They asked if we would do that again.
3． 用“will be”和“will(would) + have + 过去分词”的结构表示推测，主要用于第二、三人称。前者表示对目前情况的推测，后者表示对已经完成的动作或事态的推测。如：
This will be the book you want.
He will have arrived by now.
The guests would have arrived by that time.
I thought you would have finished this by now.
4． Would可表示过去反复发生的动作或某中倾向。Would表过去习惯时比used to正式，并没有“现已无此习惯”的含义。如：
The wound would not heal.
During the vacation he would visit me every week.
5． 表料想或猜想。如：
It would be about ten when he left home.
What would she be doing there
I thought he would have told you all about it.
7） ought to的用法
1． Ought to表示应该。如：
You ought to take care of him.
2． 表示推测。注意与must表示推测时的区别：
He must be at home by now. （断定他已到家）
He ought to be home by now. （不十分肯定）
This is where the oil must be. （比较直率）
This is where the oil ought to be. （比较含蓄）
3． “ought to + have + 过去分词”表示过去应做某事而实际未做。如：
You ought to have asked him (but you didn’t).
这时，ought to和should可以互相换用。
注意：在美国英语中，ought to用于否定句和疑问句时，to可以省略。如：
Ought you smoke so much
You oughtn’t smoke so much.
8） used to，had better，would rather的用法
1． Used to表示过去的习惯动作或状态，现在已不存在，在间接引语中，其形式可不变。如：
He told us he used to play football when he was young.
在疑问句、否定句、否定疑问句或强调句中，可有两种形式：
疑问句 Did you use to go to the same school as your brother
Used you to go to the same school as your brother
否定句 I usedn’t to go there.
I didn’t use to go there.
Usedn’t 亦可拼作usen’t，但发音皆为[ju:znt]。
否定疑问句 Usen’t you to be interested in the theatre
Didn’t you use to be interested in the theatre
强调句 I certainly used to smoke, but it was a long time ago.
I certainly did use to smoke, but it was a long time ago.
其反意疑问句或简略回答中，也有两种形式：
She used to be very fat, didn’t she （正式）/ use(d)n’t she （口语）
Did you use to play chess Yes, I did.
Used you to get up early in the morning Yes, I did. (Yes, I used to.)
2． Had better意为“最好”，后接不带to的不定式。如：
— We had better go now.
— Yes, we had (we’d better / we had better).
Hadn’t we better stop now (Had we better not stop now )
I think I’d better be going. （用于进行时态，表“最好立即”）
You had better have done that. （用于完成时态，表未完成动作）
注：①had best与had better同意，但较少用。②You had better … 用于同辈或小辈，对长辈不可用。
3． Would rather意为“宁愿”，表选择，后接不带to的不定式。如：
I’d rather not say anything.
Would you rather work on a farm
— Wouldn’t you rather stay here
— No, I would not. I’d rather go there.
由于would rather表选择，因而后可接than。如：
I would rather work on a farm than in a factory.
I would rather watch TV than go to see the film.
I would rather lose a dozen cherry trees than that you should tell me one lie.
I’d rather you didn’t talk about this to anyone. （句中的’d rather不是情态动词，would在此是表愿望的实义动词）
练习部分
一、基础训练
1）单项选择
1. You ___ hand it in at once, you may hand it in tomorrow.
(A) needn't (B) may not (C) can't (D) must not
2. "That must be a mistake." "No it ___ a mistake."
(A) must not be (B) needn't be (C) cannot be (D) would not be
3. You ___ go now. It's getting late.
(A) had rather (B) would (C) had better (D) would
4. Since the bus is crowded, we ___.
(A) had better walk to home (B) have better walk home
(C) had better walk home (D) had better to walk home
5. "You ___ come in now, Mary! It's getting cold!" “I ___ go on playing in the garden."
(A) had better...had better (B) would rather...had better
(C) had better...would rather (D) had better...would have better
6. When I was a boy, I ___ chocolate.
(A) would like (B) was used to like (C) should like (D) used to like
7. I wasn't supposed to go to the movies, but I ___ myself.
(A) cannot help (B) couldn't but (C) had to help (D) couldn't help
8. Looking at my determined face, the big boy ___ pick up the fight.
(A) dares not (B) dare not (C) doesn't dare (D) dares not to
9. He began to write two hours ago. He ___ have finished the article now.
(A) must (B) ought (C) ought to (D) had to
10. You ___ to the meeting this afternoon if you have something important to do.
(A) needn't to come (B) don't need come (C) don't need coming (D)needn't come
11. ___ you be here at eight o'clock tomorrow morning
(A) Would (B) Should (C) Can (D) Could
12. ___ I have a talk with the Party Secretary now
(A) Will (B) Did (C) May (D) Can
13. "You ___ read that article if you don’t want to.”
(A) needn't (B) mustn’t (C) haven't (D) can’t
14. When the storm comes all windows ___.
(A) ought to close (B) ought to be closing (C) ought to be closed (D) ought to closed
15. I ___ me what happened.
(A) would like you tell (B) would like you to tell
(C) would like you telling (D) would like you that you tell
16. I hope you can visit my country soon, because___ to show you some of the beautiful places near my home.
(A) I like (B) I'd like (C) I will like (D) I shall like
17. She ___ for yesterday's test, but she didn’t.
(A)should have studied (B) would study (C) might be studying (D)must have studied
18. He ___ breakfast at eight o'clock when he lived alone. But nowadays he ___ it at seven.
(A) was used to have ... is having (B) was used to having ...is having
(C) used to have ... has (D) used to having ...was
19. In the old society Grandpa Zhou ___ to work long hours a day.
(A) was working (B) was having (C) had (D) has
20. Everybody ___ in bed.
(A) has to spend some time (B) have to spend some time
(C) has to spend sometimes (D) have to spend sometimes
2) 选择合适的词或词组填空
1. I have a headache. I __________ take an aspirin.
(had better; would better)
2. He looks sleepy. He must __________ bed very late last night.
(go; have gone)
3. I want to go to the office, but you __________ with me.
(need not to go; need not go)
4. I ought __________ those books to the library last week.
(to have taken; to take)
5. The mother is telling her son, “You __________ eat with your fingers!”
(wouldn’t; mustn’t)
6. He was a good swimmer so he _______ swim to the river bank when the boat sank. (was able to; could)
7. To travel from England to Scotland you __________ a passport.
(don’t need; needn’t)
8. He went on foot, but he __________ by bus.
(ought have gone; should have gone)
9. A: Did Ken take the job in the bookstore
B: No, but I think he __________.
(must have; should have)
10. He __________ talk for hours, if you let him.
(can; will)
11. You __________ use this toothbrush, it’s mine.
(may not; shall not)
12. No matter what people say, I __________ do as I like.
(shall; will)
13. “I’m willing to let you take whatever you like.” Means “you ______ take whatever you like.” (shall; will)
14. A: I haven’t felt well for a week.
B: You __________ see a doctor.
(had better; should have to)
15. A: He is late, __________ he have missed the bus
B: Yes, he must have missed the bus.
(Can; Must)
二、强化练习
1) 选择填空
1. I didn’t see her in the meeting room this morning. She _____ at the meeting.
A. mustn’t have spoken B. shouldn’t have spoken
C. needn’t have spoken D. couldn’t have spoken
2. One ought _____ for what one hasn’t done.
A. not to be punished B. to not be punished
C. to not punished D. not be punished
3. If you really want yourself to be in good health, you must ___ always ___ so much.
A. not; be smoking B. not; have smoked
C. not; to smoke D. be not; smoking
4. With so much work on hand, you _____ to see the game last night.
A. mustn’t go B. shouldn’t go C. couldn’t have gone D. shouldn’t have gone
5. Most of the students felt rather disappointed at the English party. They say that it ______ better organized.
A. had been B. had to be C. must have been D. could have been
6. I’m surprised that he _____ in the exam.
A. should fail B. would have failed C. may have failed D. should have failed
7. The little girl _____ there alone.
A. not dare go B. dares not go C. dare not go D. dare not to go
8. “Must we do it now ” “No, you _____.”
A. won’t B. needn’t C. can’t D. don’t
9. He said he would rather not _____ it right now.
A. doing B. to do C. do D. to be doing
10. You _____ to the meeting this afternoon if you have something important to do.
A. needn’t to come B. don’t need come C. don’t need coming D. needn’t come
11. Put on more clothes. You _____ be feeling cold with only a shirt on.
A. can B. could C. would D. must
12. I _____ play football than baseball.
A. would rather B. had better C. like better D. prefer
13. I thought you _____ like something to read, so I have brought you some books.
A. may B. might C. could D. must
14. There was plenty of times. She _____.
A. mustn’t have hurried B. couldn’t have hurried
C. must not hurry D. needn’t have hurried
15. The plant is dead. I _____ it more water.
A. will give B. would have given C. must give D. should have given
16. You _____ return the book now. You can keep it till next week if you like.
A. can’t B. mustn’t C. needn’t D. may not
17. It’s still early, you _____.
A. mustn’t hurry B. wouldn’t hurry C. may not hurry D. don’t have to hurry
18. Please open the window, _____
A. can’t you B. aren’t you C. do you D. will you
19. We _____ for her because she never came.
A. mustn’t have waited B. shouldn’t have waited
C. mustn’t wait D. needn’t wait
20. — May I stop here — No, you _____.
A. mustn’t B. might not C. needn’t D. won’t
21. It’s a fine day. Let’s go fishing, _____.
A. won’t we B. will we C. don’t we D. shall we
22. I didn’t see her in the meeting room this morning. She _____ at the meeting.
A. mustn’t have spoken B. shouldn’t have spoken
C. needn’t have spoken D. couldn’t have spoken
23. — Please don’t make a noise.
— _____. I’ll be as quiet as a mouse.
A. Yes, I won’t B. No, I won’t C. No, I will D. Yes, I will
24. The young man has made so much noise that he _____ not have been allowed to attend the concert.
A. could B. must C. would D. should
25. — Where is John — He _____ in the library.
A. should be B. must be C. can be D. must have been
26. Since the road is wet this morning, _____ last night.
A. it must rain B. it must be raining
C. it must have rained D. it must have been rain
27. — Will your brother stay home tonight
— I’m not quite sure. He _____ to the cinema tonight.
A. must go B. can go C. may go D. may be going
28. She’s already two hours late. What ______ to her
A. can have happened B. may have happened
C. should have happened D. must happen
29. You must be a writer, _____
A. mustn’t you B. are you C. must you D. aren’t you
30. I got up early that morning, but I _____ so because I had no work to do.
A. mustn’t have done B. didn’t need to do
C. needn’t have done D. can’t have done
31. He _____ have come here yesterday, but he didn’t.
A. could B. should C. ought to D. all the above
32. I missed the last bus, so I _____ go home on foot.
A. must B. have to C. may D. had to
33. He ought to win the first prize, _____ he
A. oughtn’t B. shouldn’t C. mustn’t D. both A and B
34. Everyone _____ do his best for the modernizations of our country.
A. can B. may C. should D. might
35. Let’s clean our classroom, _____
A. will you B. don’t we C. shall we D. do you
36. Let us play basketball, ______
A. will you B. don’t we C. shall we D. do you
37. He asked me for this book many times. Please tell him that he _____ have it tomorrow.
A. must B. may C. shall D. both B and C
38. “Your phone number again I _____ quite catch it.” “It’s 9568442.”
A. didn’t B. couldn’t C. don’t D. can’t
39. Mother _____ us stories when we were children.
A. was used to tell B. is used to telling C. used to tell D. used to telling
40. She would rather _____ more money on books _____ on clothes.
A. cost … not B. to spare … don’t C. pay … than D. spend … than
2）强化练习题
1) You____ all those clothes! We have a washing machine to do that sort of thing.
　A) needn't have washed B) shouldn't have washed
　C) must not have washed D) can not have washed
2) John's score on the test is the highest in the class; he____ last night.
A) should study B) should have studied
C) must have studied　 D) must have to study
3) The room is in a terrible mess; it ____cleaned.
　A) can't have been B) shouldn't have been
　C) mustn't have been 　D) wouldn't have been
4) Nobody knows how people first came to these islands. They ____ from South America on rafts.
A) must have sailed B) can sail C) might have sailed D) should have sailed 　5) Mary was not in her bedroom yesterday afternoon. She ____ in her classroom.
　A) should have been 　　B) must have been 　　C) must be 　　D) should be 　　6) Bob said he was going to join our club but he didn't. He ____ his mind.
　A) can't have changed 　　B) wouldn't have changed
　C) must have changed D) shouldn't have changed
7) You____ to town to see the film yesterday. It will be on TV tonight.
　A) needn't go B) had better not go 　C) should not go 　D) needn't have gone
8) We____ the letter yesterday, but it didn't arrive.
　A) must receive 　 B) ought to receive
C) must have received 　 D) ought to have received
9) With all the work on hand, he____ to the cinema last night.
　A) mustn't go B) shouldn't have gone C) could not go D) couldn't have gone
10) Eve was late for class again. She ____earlier.
　A) should get up 　B) must get up 　C) need to get up 　D) should have got up
11) I am feeling sick. I____ so much chocolate.
　A) needn't have eaten 　 B) couldn't have eaten
　C) mustn't have eaten 　　 D) shouldn't have eaten
12) I didn't send out my application form last week, but I ____.
　A) had 　 B) would do 　 　C) should have 　 　D) might have to
13) Walking alone in the deserted village, John was scared. He thought he____ Tom to go with him.
A) might have asked B) should asked　C) must have asked　D) should have asked
14) When I got to the cinema, the film had already started; I____ there earlier.
　A) ought to get 　B) ought to have got 　C) must have got 　D) must get
15) The road was muddy. It____ last night.
A) must rained 　B) must have rained 　C) must be rained 　D) could have rained
16) She can speak quite fluent English. She____.
　A) must been in the U.S.A. for some time
　B) must have been in the U.S.A. for some time
　C) should have been in the U.S.A. for some time
　D) May be in the U.S.A. for some time
17) You should bear in mind that he is not so strong as he____.
A) was used to be 　B) used to be 　C) was used to 　D) use to
18)“We didn't see him at the exhibition yesterday.”“He ___it.”
　A) mustn't visit B) can't have visited C) should have gone to see D) may see
19) Mary ____my letter, otherwise she would have replied before now.
　A) should have received 　 B) has received 　
C) couldn't have received 　 D) ought to have received
20) I ____ you a valuable present for your birthday, but I was short of money.
　A) would have liked to give B) liked to give
　C) have liked to give 　D) would like to give
21)“Where ____ my umbrella ”“Somebody ____ it away by mistake.”
　A) is, must have taken 　B) is, must take
　C) have been, must take 　D) is, takes
22) What ____ would happen if the director knew you felt that way
　A) will you suppose 　B) you suppose
　C) do you suppose 　D) you would suppose
23) Two eyes ____see more than one.
　A) can B) may 　　 C) will 　　 D) should
24) ____ you continue in your efforts and achieve new and greater successes.
　A) Would 　　 B) Will 　　 C) May 　　 D) Should
25) We ought to help each other in our work, ____
　A) oughtn't we 　　B) should we 　　C) shouldn't we 　　D) ought to we
26) Tom ____ better than to ask Dick for help.
A) shall know 　B) shouldn't know 　C) has known 　D) should have known
27) You ____ your tooth pulled out before it rot completely.
　A) had better got 　B) had to get better 　C) had better to get 　D) had better get
28) When we got to the cinema, the film hasn't started yet, so we ____.
　A) needn't hurry 　　 B) didn't need hurry 　　
C) needn't to hurry 　　 D) needn't have hurried
29) It was really very dangerous; you ____ him seriously.
　A) might have injured 　　B) could injure
　C) should have injured 　　D) must injure
30) As he had heart attack, he was told that he ____ continue the work.
　A) needn't B) may not 　 　C) mustn't 　　 D) can't
31) An Englishman who ____not speak Italian was once traveling in Italy.
　A) must 　　 B) could 　　 C) may 　　 D) might
32) I ____like to make a suggestion.
　A) could B) would C) must D) might
33) I know things are hard with you, but you ____try to get over the difficulties.
　A) can 　　 B) may 　　 C) must D) ought
34 I can't find the recorder in the room. It ____ by somebody.
　A) may have been taken away B) may leave
　C) may take away 　　D) must have taken away
35) He ____the 9:20 train because he didn't leave home till 9:25.
　A) can reach B) could catch C) may not catch D) couldn't have caught
3) 单句改错（先判断句子是否正确，正确的句子不需改动。）
1. Ought you smoke so much
2. If Fred didn’t leave here before five, he mustn’t be home yet.
3. I’m going home. I don’t want to but I must, because my mother asked me not to go out after dark.
4. After I’ve finished my course, I’ll can speak English fluently.
5. I can be seeing the top of the tower in this bedroom.
6. You are not able to play football in the park on Sundays, though you may do so on weekdays.
7. He can’t be working at this hour!
8. Mary Blake ought to not be home by now.
9. His luggage is still here, he must not have left.
10. I used to writing poetry myself when I was his age.
三、能力提升
1. You _____ return the book now. You can keep it till next week if you like.
A. can’t B. mustn’t C. needn’t D. may not
2. Where is my pen I _____ it.
A. might lose B. would have lost C. should have lost D. must have lost
3. I wish I _____ you yesterday.
A. seen B. did see C. had seen D. were to see
4. I didn’t hear the phone. I _____ asleep.
A. must be B. must have been C. should be D. should have been
5. If my lawyer _____ here last Saturday, he _____ me from going.
A. had been; would have prevented B. had been; would prevent
C. were; would prevent D. were; would have prevented
6. He _____ you more help, even though he was very busy.
A. might have given B. might have C. may have given D. may give
7. If it _____ for the snow, we _____ the mountain yesterday.
A. were not; could have climbed B. were not; could climb
C. had not been; could have climbed D. had not been; could climb
8. Without electricity human life _____ quite difficult today.
A. is B. will be C. would have been D. would be
9. A computer _____ think for itself, it must be told what to do.
A. can’t B. couldn’t C. may not D. might not
10. Jenny _____ have kept her word. I wonder why she changed her mind.
A. must B. should C. need D. would
11. We _____ last night, but we went to the concert instead.
A. must have studied B. might study C. should have studied D. would study
12. — Could I borrow your dictionary
— Yes, of course you _____.
A. might B. will C. can D. should
13. Tom ought not to _____ me your secret, but he meant no harm.
A. have told B. tell C. be telling D. having told
14. — If he _____, he _____ that food.
— Luckily he was sent to the hospital immediately.
A. was warned; would not take B. had been warned; would not have taken
C. would be warned; had not taken D. would have been warned; had not taken
15. Peter _____ come with us tonight, but he isn’t very sure yet.
A. must B. may C. can D. will
16. I told Sally how to get here, but perhaps I _____ for her.
A. had to write it out B. must have written it out
C. should have written it out D. ought to write it out
17. I didn’t see your sister at the meeting. If she _____, she would have met my brother.
A. has come B. did come C. came D. had come
18. — Shall I tell John about it
— No, you _____. I’ve told him already.
A. needn’t B. wouldn’t C. mustn’t D. shouldn’t
19. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it _____.
A. breaks B. has broken C. were broken D. had been broken
20. It’s nearly seven o’clock. Jack _____ be here at any moment.
A. must B. need C. should D. can
21.— There were already five people in the car but they managed to take me as well.
— It _____ a comfortable journey.
A. can’t be B. shouldn’t be C. mustn’t have been D. couldn’t have been
22. Johnny, you _____ play with the knife, you _____ hurt yourself.
A. won’t; can’t B. mustn’t; may C. shouldn’t; must D. can’t; shouldn’t
23. The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone _____ get out.
A. had to B. would C. could D. was able to
24. — When can I come for the photos I need them tomorrow afternoon.
— They _____ be ready by 12:00.
A. can B. should C. might D. need
25. — I stayed at a hotel while in New York.
— Oh, did you You _____ with Barbara.
A. could have stayed B. could stay C. would stay D. must have stayed
26. — Will you stay for lunch
— Sorry, _____. My brother is coming to see me.
A. I mustn’t B. I can’t C. I needn’t D. I won’t
27. — Are you coming to Jeff’s party
— I’m not sure. I _____ go to the concert instead.
A. must B. would C. should D. might
28. — Write to me when you get home.
— _____.
A. I must B. I should C. I will D. I can
29. I was really anxious about you, you _____ home without a word.
A. mustn’t leave B. shouldn’t have left C. couldn’t have left D. needn’t leave
30. — Is John coming by train
— He should, but he _____ not. He likes driving his car.
A. must B. can C. need D. may
解答部分
基础训练部分
1——5 ACCCC 6——10 DDBCD 11——15 CCACB 16——20 BACCA
1. had better 2. have gone 3. need not go 4. to have taken
5. mustn’t 6. was able to 7. don’t need 8. should have gone
9. should have 10. will 11. shall not 12. will
13. shall 14. had better 15. Can
强化练习1）选择填空部分答案解析
1. D. must表示推测时不用于否定句；shouldn’t have done sth. 表示“本不应该做某事而实际上做了”；needn’t have done sth. 表示“本来不必做某事而实际上做了”；couldn’t have done sth. 表示“不可能做过某事”。根据题意，选D。
2. A. 情态动词ought 后要接带to的不定式，ought to do 的否定式是ought not to do，所以答案是A。
3. A. must not always be doing sth. 表示“不要老是做谋事”，含有埋怨、指责、反感等感彩。
4. D. 题中的A项和B项都指现在情况；couldn’t have gone表示“不可能去过”；shouldn’t have gone表示“本不应该去而实际上去了”。根据题意，选D。
5. D. could have done sth. 表示“本来能够做某事而实际上未能做成”。
6. D. should可用于表示惊奇、感叹、不满等感彩的句子，如指过去的动作，则要用should have done sth. Would 和 may通常不带感彩。
7. C. 题中的dare是情态动词，后接不带to的不定式，主要用于疑问句、否定句和条件句中。
8. B. must开头的疑问句，否定答语用needn’t或don’t have to。
9. C. would rather通常也视为情态动词（组），后接动词原形，其否定形式为would rather not。
10. D. need作为情态动词，其否定形式为needn’t；作实义动词时，其否定形式为don’t (doesn’t) need to do。
11. D. must用在肯定句中表推测时，语气比could, would等肯定得多。此处“must + 不定式进行式”表“想必正在……”之意。
12. A. would rather … than …，意为“宁愿（做）……而不（做）……”。
13. B. 由句意可知，这是对过去发生的事情不太有把握的推测。
14. D. needn’t have done意为“过去不必做而做了某事”。
15. D. should have done表示“过去应该做而没有做某事”。
16. C. can’t（不能），mustn’t（不准），may not（不可以），均不合题意。
17. D. don’t have to = needn’t
18. D. will用在第二人称的疑问句中，为询问（或征求）对方的意愿或向对方提出请求之意。
19. B. should not have done表示“过去不应该做而做了某事”，含有“后悔”、“责备”、“劝告”，“批评”之意。
20. A. may开头的疑问句，否定答语常用mustn’t。
21. D. 疑问句中shall用于第一、三人称，用来征询对方的意见。
22. D. 推测“她不可能在会上发言”，must表示推测时，不能用于否定句中。
23. B. will在此处表示“意志（向）”。
24. D. should not have done表示“过去不应该做而做了某事”，含有“后悔”、“责备”、“劝告”，“批评”之意。
25. B. must do表示对现在的事实进行推测。
26. C. must have done用于对过去发生的事情进行推测，且较有把握。
27. C. 表示推测时，must比may语气肯定。
28. A. can表推测，只用于否定句和疑问句中。
29. D. must表示推测时，其后的反意问句有两种情况：①对现存状态（现在的事实）进行推测时，反意疑问句中动词用其一般现在形式。②对过去发生的事情进行推测时，若有表过去的时间状语，反意问句用动词的过去式。
30. C. needn’t have done表示“过去不必做而做了某事”，若表示“不必做某事（且实际上未做）”则用“didn’t / don’t / doesn’t need to.”
31. D. A表示“本能够”，B, C表“本应该”。
32. D. have to表示客观上要求做某事，must表示主观上认为必须做某事。
33. D. ought to的反意问句应用oughtn’t或shouldn’t开头。
34. C. should 含“按理应该做……”、“有义务做……”之意。
35. C. Let’s 中的us一般包括对方在内。
36. A. Let us中的us一般不包括对方在内。
37. D. may和shall均可表“允诺”。
38. A. 由句后得知句意为“我开始没听清楚对方的电话号码”，为对过去的事实或发生动作的表述。
39. C. used to do“过去（常）做某事”，be used to doing“习惯于做某事”。
40. D. would rather后接动词原形。Spend … on sth.为常用结构。
强化练习2）答案
1——5 ACACB 6——10 CDDDD 11——15 DCDBB 16——20 BBCCA
21——25 ACACA 26——30 DDDAC 31——35 BBCAD
强化练习3）单句改错答案
1. (No mistake)在否定句和疑问句中，ought后面的to可省。
2. mustn’t — can’t 3. must — have to 4. can — be able to
5. be seeing — see 6. are not able to — cannot 7. (No mistake)
8. to not — not to 9. must — can 10. writing — write
能力提升答案全解
1．C 从原题中You can keep it till next week if you like这一信息句可知，“你不必现在还”。
2．D 从原题中Where is my pen 这一信息句可告诉考生，“笔丢了”，丢的动作是过去发生的。因此用must + have done表示对过去事实的肯定猜测。
3．C 原题中的yesterday这一信息词告诉考生，在wish后的宾语从句中，用过去完成时，表示与过去事实相反的愿望。
4．B 从原题中的I didn’t hear the phone.这一信息可以判断出，用must have done表示过去事实的准确的肯定猜测。
5．A 从原题中last Saturday这一信息词可知，条件句中用表示与过去 事实相反的过去完成时，主句用would + have done。
6．A might have + 过去分词，在次是虚拟语气，表示“本来可以给你更多的帮助”，而事实则是帮助较少。
7．C 从原题中的yesterday这一信息词暗示考生，该句应选用与过去事实相反的过去完成时，If it had not been for … “要不是因为……”。
8．D 原题中的Without electricity相当于一个条件句：If there were no electricity,故主句用human life would be quite difficult today.
9．A can可以表示一种客观上的能力，本句can’t，表示“不能，不会”。
10．B 从原题总的“I wonder why she changed her mind”“我不知道为何他改变了主意了。”这句话告诉考生Janny没有守诺言。因此，用should + have done，表示“过去本应该做某事，而实际上没有做”。
11．C 可参看10题。意思是：“昨晚本应该学习，但是却去听音乐会了。”
12．C 原题中的could不是过去时，而表示一种委婉、客气的礼貌用语。因此用could提问时，用can回答。同样用would，might提问，用will和may回答。[注意]①— Would you rather do such a thing — Yes, I would.
②— Would you like some tea — Yes, I would.
这两个对话中的would rather，would like是惯用法，故不能用will来回答。因为在这两个句型中，will不能去替换would。
13．A 可参看10、15题。该句意思是：“汤姆本来不该告诉我你的秘密，但他没有伤害你的意思。”ought not to have done = shouldn’t have done
14．B 从答语中的Luckily he was sent to the hospital immediately这一信息句可提示考生，条件句应填表示与过去事实相反的时态。
15．B 从原题中的but he isn’t very sure yet这一信息句可暗示考生，Peter当晚来的可能性不大。A是“准来，肯定来”，D是“将要来”。
16．C 可参看10、11、13题。“本应该”而事实上没有……
17．D 从原题中I didn’t see your sister at the meeting和后文she would have met my brother这两个信息句可知，if条件句中应填与过去事实相反的过去完成时。可参看6、7、14题。
18．A 你不必告诉他。因为I’ve told him already这一信息句已暗示考生了。
19．C 当as if引导虚拟语气的句子是，如果主句与从句中的谓语词所表达的动作同时发生时，as if后接一般过去时。例如：He walked as if he were lame.如果从句中的谓语动作发生个在主句谓语动作之前，则用过去完成时。例如：He talked as if he had known the secret.不论主句中的谓语是现在时还是过去时。
20．C 只要考生抓住nearly一词和后文at any moment（随时的意思）这两个信息词语，就能很快选出C项，表示逻辑推测，意思是“快七点钟了，杰克一会儿就该到了。”
21．D 根据句意，是对过去情况的推测。“当时决不可能是一次舒服的乘车。”must表示对过去的推测只能用于肯定句。
22．B mustn’t表示“禁止”；may表示“有可能”。句子的意思是：“你不可以玩刀，可能会伤你自己。”
23．D 该题在考考生could与was able to之间的区别。Was able to表示在困难的情况下，经过一番周折而“能……”，并且成功地做了。
24．B 该题考查情态动词should表推测的用法。Can和might都可以表示可能性，用might则语气更加不肯定。Need表示“需要”、“必需”。Should可以表示推测，结合实际，合乎逻辑，意为“应当”、“该”。根据第一个说话者说的I need them tomorrow afternoon的语境，可以确定正确答案为B。
25．A 该题在考查“情态动词+不定式的完成式”的用法，从会话的语境看，空白处应填“could + have +过去分词”表示过去本来能做到的事而事实上没有做到。
26．B 该题考查表示请求的英语口语，用will来向第二人称提问的疑问结构，是表达一种意愿和请求，是以疑问的形式来表达较为婉转的祈使语气，意思是“请你……，好吗？”，对于这种问句的肯定答语可用Sure! Certainly! Yes, of course. I’d be glad to等；否定回答通常是I’m sorry, I can’t. No, I’m afraid I can’t. I’m sorry, but … I ‘d like to, but …等。
27．D might表示“可能性”。
28．C 意思是“我会的”。对祈使句的肯定回答。
29．B shouldn’t have done为本来不该做某事，而事实上做了。
30．D 用may not可表示“可能不”。而can not则表示断然的否定推测“不可能”。A，C意思不符。
第1页 共19页情态动词专项练习
1. Jean have kept his promise. I wonder why he changed his idea.
A. must B. should C. need D. would
2. Jane have come to the party, but she not find the exact time.
A. could; could B. might; could
C. should; could D. should; would
3. So many mistakes in your homework! You more careful.
A. may be B. had to C. would be D. should have been
4．Her brother be at home now, because he was seen playing basketball in the stadium just now.
A. mustn’t B. needn’t C. can’t D. shouldn't
5．---I can’t understand why our boss is late.
---He the early bus.
A. could miss B. may have missed
C. can have missed D. might miss
6. She didn't answer the phone, she ______ asleep.
A. may be B. must be
C. should have been D. must have been
7．The little girl’s eyes were red. She ______.
A. may cry B. must cry
C. must be cried D. must have been crying
8．He______ his supper now, for the dining hall is still closed.
A. can’t be having B. needn’t be having
C. mustn’t be having D. shouldn't be having
9．I parked my bike behind the building, but now it is gone. It ________ .
A. may be stolen B. must be stolen
C. must have been stolen D. must have stolen
10. ______ Mr. Black_______go to work by ferry before the bridge was built
A. Did; used to B. Use; to C. Did; use to D. Does; use to
11. The hotel is only a stone’s throw away, you ______ take a bus.
A. need not to B. not need to C. don't need D. need not
12. I am busy now, _______ my brother do it for you
A. Will B. Shall C. Must D. May
13. ---You needn’t do it right now, need you
---Yes I am afraid I ______ .
A. need B. needn’t C. must D. mustn’t
14.My English-Chinese dictionary has disappeared . Who _____ have taken it A. should B. must C. could D. would
15. ---The room is so dirty._______ we clean it
----Of course. (2003年北京春季高考)
A． Will B. Shall C. Would D. Do
16. If you have something important to do, you ______ waste any time.
A. needn’t B. mustn’t C. may not D. won’t
17. If you want to borrow a football after school, your student card______ here.
A. has to leave B. must leave C. has to be left D. must be left
18. “ Did you scold him for his carelessness ”
“Yes, but _____ it”
A. I’d rather not do B. I’d rather not have done
C. I shouldn’t do D. I’d better not do
19. “ Don’t get near to it . It is too dangerous!”
“_______” .
A. Yes, I won’t B. No, I don’t
C. No, I can’t D. No, I won’t
20. He must be in the classroom, _______ he
A. mustn’t B. can’t C. isn’t D.can
21. He________ be in the garden. He must be in the room.
A. can’t B. mustn’t C. will not D. may not
22. “Do you have to leave now ”
“I am very sorry, but I really______.”
A. can’t B. have C. should D. must
23. “Let’s go to the library, shall we ”
“_________ ”
A. No, I can’t B. Yes, I will
C. Yes , thank you D. No, we’d better not
24. “Can I take it away ”
“ You ______ better not.”
A. should B. could C. would D. had
25. You _______ have brought your camera. They all had theirs with them.
A. couldn’t B. needn’t C. wouldn’t D. mustn’t
26. See who is there!______it be May
A. May B. Must C. Can D. Will
27. John______ be a basketball player. He is much too short.
A. may B. mustn’t C. can’t D. should
28. The Chinese teacher looks so pale. She ______ be ill.
A. must B. mustn’t C. can D. need
29. Something______to save our earth. Do you think so
A. can do B. must do C. has to do D. must be done
30. Look at what you have done! You ______ be more careful.
A. ought B. can C. would D. should
　情态动词表示"推测、判断"的用法专练
1.-Are you coming to Jeff's party
　　-I'm not sure. I________go to the concert instead.
A.must B.would C.should D.might
2.The river is rising. It________last night.
A.must be raining B.must rain
C.might have rained D.must have rained
3.-Why! I couldn't get you on the phone this morning.
　-We________tennis in the yard when you phoned.
A.must be playing B.could be playing
C.must have played D.must have been playing
4.You must have seen the film last night,________you
　　A.haven't B.mustn't C.didn't D.hadn't
5.This________be a woman's bag. It must be a man's.
　　A.needn't B.can't C.may not D.mustn't
6.________it be John who did it
　　A.Will B.Can C.Would D.May
7.It rained every day during their holiday, so they_____a very nice time.
A.wouldn't have had B.couldn't
C.can't have had D.shouldn't have
8.Peter________come with us tonight, but he isn't very sure yet.
　　A.must B.may C.can D.will
9.Jenny must have won the match,________
　A.hasn't she B.doesn't she C.mustn't she D.can't she
10.Mr. Zhuo must be working in the office, ________he
　　A.mustn't B.can't C.doesn't D.isn't高一情态动词专项训练
1．--- Shall I tell John about it --- No, you ______. I’ve told him already.
A. needn’t B. wouldn’t C. mustn’t D. shouldn’t
2. --- Why didn’t you come to see me
--- I ______, but I was too busy yesterday.
A. like to B. should like to
C. would like to have D. am going to
3. You can’t imagine that a well-behaved gentleman ______ be so rude to a lady.
A. might B. need C. should D. would
4. There was plenty of time; she ______.
A. mustn’t have hurried B. needn’t have hurried
C. may not have hurried D. wouldn’t have hurried
5. ---_____ it be Li Ping who broke the glass --- No. It ____ be Wang Hai who did it. A. Could; may B. Can; can C. May; must D. Can; must
6. When the old man was alive, he ______ sit for hours at the door.
A. would B. could C. must D. might
7. I’ve decided to take the job and I ______ change my mind.
A. mustn’t B. can’t C. won’t D. may not
8. She ______ into the thick forest alone on such a dark night.
A. dares not go B. dares not to go C. dare not to go D. doesn’t dare to go
9. My parents never remember my telephone number, and they always ______ look it up. A. must B. can C. should D. have to
10.-- Where is Jack I can’t find him anywhere.-- He ___ his homework upstairs.
A. might have done B. must have done C. might be doing D. must do
11. --- I hear you've got a set of valuable Australian coins. ____I have a look 　　
--- Yes, certainly. A. Do B. May C. Shall D. Should
12. — When can I come for the photos I need them tomorrow afternoon.
　 — They_________ be ready by 12:00.
A. can B. should C. might D. need
13. I___ such a mistake again. A. will never make
B. shall never make C. can never do D. need never do
14. He began to write two hours ago. He ______ have finished the article now.
A. must B. ought C. would D. had to
15. Looking at my determined face, the big boy ______ pick up the fight.
A. dares not B. dare not C. doesn't dare D. dares not to
16. — You know that you were driving 100 km an hour, don't you
— No officer, I ____. This car doesn't do more than 80.
A. may not have been B. couldn't have been
C. mustn't have been D. shouldn't have been
17. I think he could have joined us, but he ____
A. doesn't B. did C. didn't D. couldn't
18. — You must phone us every week.　 — Yes, I _____.
A. must B. have to C. will D. should
19. Don't throw the bottles away. They ____ in the future.
A. may need B. are needed C. can be needing D. might be needed
20. — I wonder why Mr. Wang didn't attend the lecture.
　 — He ____ another one.
A. could have B. must have C. might have had D. should have had
21. He was taken away by the police. He ___ for a robber.
A. must be mistaken B. was being mistaken
C. must mistake D. must have been mistaken
22. — I haven't seen Mr. White for weeks.　 — What _____ to him
A. must have happened B. may have happened
C. can have happened D. may happen
23. — I didn't go to work yesterday afternoon because my car broke down.
　 — You ________ mine. I wasn't using it.
A. might borrow B. could have borrowed
C. can have borrowed D. ought to borrow
24. — A man answered the phone. I suppose it was her husband.
— It ___ her husband. He has been dead for ages.
A. mustn't be B. couldn't have beenC. may not have been D. mustn't have been
25. She ___ the hospital so soon, for she has not yet recovered.
A. wouldn't have left B. shouldn't have left
C. mustn't have left D. didn't have to leave
26. — I promise her daughter ____ get a nice present on her birthday.
　 — Will it be a big surprise to her
A. should B. must C. would D. shall
27. — What's wrong with your pen' 　 — The ink ____ come out.
A. can't B. doesn't C. hasn't D. won' t
28. Tom, you are so lazy! This work ___ hours ago.
A. should finish B. must have finished
C. should have been finished D. might have finished
2000 ~ 2005 年高考题汇编 情 态 动 词
1. ― I heard they went skiing in the mountains last winter.
― It ______ true because there was little snow there. （02北京）
A. may not be B. won’t be C. couldn’t be D. mustn’t be
2. — I hear you’ve got a set of valuable Australian coins . I have a look
— Yes, certainly. （02北京春季）
A. Do B. May C. Shall D. Should
3. A left luggage office is a place where bags be left for a short time, especially at a railway station. （03全国卷）
A．should B．can C．must D．will
4. — The room is so dirty. we clean it — Of course. （03北京春季）
A．Will B．Shall C．Would D．Do
5. --- Who is the girl standing over there
--- Well, if you______ know, her name is Mabel. （04天津）
A may B can C must D shall
6. “The interest be divided into five parts, according to the agreement made by both sides,” declared the judge. （04重庆）
A. may B. should C. must D. shall
7. --- I don't mind telling you what I know.
--- You . I'm not asking you for it. （04江苏）
A. mustn't B. may not C. can't D. needn’t
8. I ____ pay Tracy a visit, but I am not sure whether I will have time this Sunday. （04浙江） A. should B. might C.would D. could
9. --- I’ll tell Mary about her new job tomorrow.
--- You________ her last week. （04福建）
A．ought to tell B．would have told C．must tell D．should have told
10. I often see lights in that empty house. Do you think I _____ report it to the police （04广西） A. should B. may C. will D. can
11. Mr. White _____ at 8:30 for the meeting, but he didn’t’ show up. （04广西） A. should have arrived B. should arrive
C. should have had arrived D. should be arriving
12. --- Excuse me, but I want to use your computer to type a report.
--- You ______ have my computer if you don't take care of it. （04湖南）
A. shan't B. might not C. needn't D. shouldn't
13. — Excuse me. Is this the right way to the Summer Palace
— Sorry, I am not sure. But it ________ be. （04湖北）
A．might B．will C．must D．can
14. --- Mum, I’ve been studying English since 8 o’clock.. I go out and
play with Tom for a while
--- No, I’m afraid not. Besides, it’s raining outside now. （04辽宁）
A．Can’t B．Wouldn’t C．May not D．Won’t
15. --- Isn’t that Ann’s husband over there
--- No, it______ be him---I’m sure he doesn’t wear glasses. （04全国I）
A can’t B must not C won’t D may not
16. You ______ be tired---you’ve only been working for an hour. （04全国II）
A must not B won’t be C can’t D may not
17. --- Tom graduated from college at a very young age.
--- Oh, he______ have been a very smart boy then. （04全国IV）
A could B should C might D must
18. — Do you know where David is I couldn’t find him anywhere.
— Well. He ______ have gone far—his coat’s still here. （05湖北卷）
A．shouldn’t B．mustn’t C．can’t D．wouldn’t
19. --- Lucy doesn’t mind lending you her dictionary.
--- She ______ . I've already borrowed one. （05湖南卷）
A. can't B. mustn't C. needn't D. shouldn't
20. — Tom is never late for work. Why is he absent today
— Something ________ to him. (05江西卷)
A．must happen B．should have happened
C．could have happened D．must have happened
21. John, look at the time. _______ you play the piano at such a late hour （05全国卷3） A．Must B．Can C．May D．Need
22. Tom, you leave all your clothes on the floor like this! （05全国卷1） A．wouldn’t B．mustn’t C．needn’t D．may not
23. I _______have been more than six years old when the accident happened. （05天津卷） A. shouldn't B. couldn't C. mustn't D. needn't
24. This cake is very sweet. You __________ a lot of sugar in it. （05辽宁卷）
A．should put B．could have put C．might put D．must have put
25. --- The woman biologist stayed in Africa studying wild animals for 13 years before she returned.
--- Oh, dear! She _______ a lot of difficulties! (05江苏卷)
A. may go through B. might go through
C. ought to have gone through D. must have gone through
26. I have lost one of my gloves. I ________ it somewhere. （05北京春季）
　　A. must drop B. must have dropped
　　C. must be dropping D. must have been dropped
答案：
I !-5ACCBD 6-10 ACDDC 11-15 BBAAB 16-20 BCCDC
21-25DCBBB 26-28 DDC
1 –5CBBBC 6-10 DDAD A 11-15 AAAAA 16- 20 CDCCD
21-25 ABBDD B
高一情态动词专项训练
1．--- Shall I tell John about it --- No, you ______. I’ve told him already.
A. needn’t B. wouldn’t C. mustn’t D. shouldn’t
3. --- Why didn’t you come to see me
--- I ______, but I was too busy yesterday.
A. like to B. should like to
C. would like to have D. am going to
4. You can’t imagine that a well-behaved gentleman ______ be so rude to a lady.
A. might B. need C. should D. would
5. There was plenty of time; she ______.
A. mustn’t have hurried B. needn’t have hurried
C. may not have hurried D. wouldn’t have hurried
7. ---_____ it be Li Ping who broke the glass --- No. It ____ be Wang Hai who did it. A. Could; may B. Can; can C. May; must D. Can; must
8. When the old man was alive, he ______ sit for hours at the door.
A. would B. could C. must D. might
10. I’ve decided to take the job and I ______ change my mind.
A. mustn’t B. can’t C. won’t D. may not
11. She ______ into the thick forest alone on such a dark night.
A. dares not go B. dares not to go C. dare not to go D. doesn’t dare to go
12. My parents never remember my telephone number, and they always ______ look it up. A. must B. can C. should D. have to
13.-- Where is Jack I can’t find him anywhere.-- He ___ his homework upstairs.
A. might have done B. must have done C. might be doing D. must do
16. --- I hear you've got a set of valuable Australian coins. ____I have a look 　　
--- Yes, certainly. A. Do B. May C. Shall D. Should
17. — When can I come for the photos I need them tomorrow afternoon.
　 — They_________ be ready by 12:00.
A. can B. should C. might D. need
18. I___ such a mistake again. A. will never make
B. shall never make C. can never do D. need never do
19. He began to write two hours ago. He ______ have finished the article now.
A. must B. ought C. would D. had to
20. Looking at my determined face, the big boy ______ pick up the fight.
A. dares not B. dare not C. doesn't dare D. dares not to
21. — You know that you were driving 100 km an hour, don't you
— No officer, I ____. This car doesn't do more than 80.
A. may not have been B. couldn't have been
C. mustn't have been D. shouldn't have been
22. I think he could have joined us, but he ____
A. doesn't B. did C. didn't D. couldn't
26. — You must phone us every week.　 — Yes, I _____.
A. must B. have to C. will D. should
27. Don't throw the bottles away. They ____ in the future.
A. may need B. are needed C. can be needing D. might be needed
29. — I wonder why Mr. Wang didn't attend the lecture.
　 — He ____ another one.
A. could have B. must have C. might have had D. should have had
30. He was taken away by the police. He ___ for a robber.
A. must be mistaken B. was being mistaken
C. must mistake D. must have been mistaken
32. — I haven't seen Mr. White for weeks.　 — What _____ to him
A. must have happened B. may have happened
C. can have happened D. may happen
33. — I didn't go to work yesterday afternoon because my car broke down.
　 — You ________ mine. I wasn't using it.
A. might borrow B. could have borrowed
C. can have borrowed D. ought to borrow
34. — A man answered the phone. I suppose it was her husband.
— It ___ her husband. He has been dead for ages.
A. mustn't be B. couldn't have beenC. may not have been D. mustn't have been
36. She ___ the hospital so soon, for she has not yet recovered.
A. wouldn't have left B. shouldn't have left
C. mustn't have left D. didn't have to leave
37. — I promise her daughter ____ get a nice present on her birthday.
　 — Will it be a big surprise to her
A. should B. must C. would D. shall
38. — What's wrong with your pen' 　 — The ink ____ come out.
A. can't B. doesn't C. hasn't D. won' t
40. Tom, you are so lazy! This work ___ hours ago.
A. should finish B. must have finished
C. should have been finished D. might have finished
2000 ~ 2005 年高考题汇编 情 态 动 词
5. ― I heard they went skiing in the mountains last winter.
― It ______ true because there was little snow there. （02北京）
A. may not be B. won’t be C. couldn’t be D. mustn’t be
6. — I hear you’ve got a set of valuable Australian coins . I have a look
— Yes, certainly. （02北京春季）
A. Do B. May C. Shall D. Should
7. A left luggage office is a place where bags be left for a short time, especially at a railway station. （03全国卷）
A．should B．can C．must D．will
8. — The room is so dirty. we clean it — Of course. （03北京春季）
A．Will B．Shall C．Would D．Do
9. --- Who is the girl standing over there
--- Well, if you______ know, her name is Mabel. （04天津）
A may B can C must D shall
10. “The interest be divided into five parts, according to the agreement made by both sides,” declared the judge. （04重庆）
A. may B. should C. must D. shall
11. --- I don't mind telling you what I know.
--- You . I'm not asking you for it. （04江苏）
A. mustn't B. may not C. can't D. needn’t
12. I ____ pay Tracy a visit, but I am not sure whether I will have time this Sunday. （04浙江） A. should B. might C.would D. could
13. --- I’ll tell Mary about her new job tomorrow.
--- You________ her last week. （04福建）
A．ought to tell B．would have told C．must tell D．should have told
14. I often see lights in that empty house. Do you think I _____ report it to the police （04广西） A. should B. may C. will D. can
15. Mr. White _____ at 8:30 for the meeting, but he didn’t’ show up. （04广西） A. should have arrived B. should arrive
C. should have had arrived D. should be arriving
16. --- Excuse me, but I want to use your computer to type a report.
--- You ______ have my computer if you don't take care of it. （04湖南）
A. shan't B. might not C. needn't D. shouldn't
17. — Excuse me. Is this the right way to the Summer Palace
— Sorry, I am not sure. But it ________ be. （04湖北）
A．might B．will C．must D．can
18. --- Mum, I’ve been studying English since 8 o’clock.. I go out and
play with Tom for a while
--- No, I’m afraid not. Besides, it’s raining outside now. （04辽宁）
A．Can’t B．Wouldn’t C．May not D．Won’t
20. --- Isn’t that Ann’s husband over there
--- No, it______ be him---I’m sure he doesn’t wear glasses. （04全国I）
A can’t B must not C won’t D may not
21. You ______ be tired---you’ve only been working for an hour. （04全国II）
A must not B won’t be C can’t D may not
22. --- Tom graduated from college at a very young age.
--- Oh, he______ have been a very smart boy then. （04全国IV）
A could B should C might D must
27. — Do you know where David is I couldn’t find him anywhere.
— Well. He ______ have gone far—his coat’s still here. （05湖北卷）
A．shouldn’t B．mustn’t C．can’t D．wouldn’t
29. --- Lucy doesn’t mind lending you her dictionary.
--- She ______ . I've already borrowed one. （05湖南卷）
A. can't B. mustn't C. needn't D. shouldn't
31. — Tom is never late for work. Why is he absent today
— Something ________ to him. (05江西卷)
A．must happen B．should have happened
C．could have happened D．must have happened
32. John, look at the time. _______ you play the piano at such a late hour （05全国卷3） A．Must B．Can C．May D．Need
33. Tom, you leave all your clothes on the floor like this! （05全国卷1） A．wouldn’t B．mustn’t C．needn’t D．may not
37. I _______have been more than six years old when the accident happened. （05天津卷） A. shouldn't B. couldn't C. mustn't D. needn't
39. This cake is very sweet. You __________ a lot of sugar in it. （05辽宁卷）
A．should put B．could have put C．might put D．must have put
40. --- The woman biologist stayed in Africa studying wild animals for 13 years before she returned.
--- Oh, dear! She _______ a lot of difficulties! (05江苏卷)
A. may go through B. might go through
C. ought to have gone through D. must have gone through
41. I have lost one of my gloves. I ________ it somewhere. （05北京春季）
　　A. must drop B. must have dropped
　　C. must be dropping D. must have been dropped
答案： 1 – 20： ADCCB DDABC DDCAB BBAAB 21 – 40: BCCDA CDACD DCBBB BDDCC
2000 ~ 2005 年高考题汇编 情 态 动 词
ABCDC BBBCD DADAA AAAAA CDCBA DCBCA DBBCD BBCDD B
PAGE
9语法系列复习专题六-----情态动词、主谓一致
情 态 动 词
一、一般疑问句中几个情态动词的问与答
1. Need I/he/…
Yes,you/he/…must.(不用need)
2. Must I/ he/…
No,you/ he/…needn’t/don’t(doesn’t,won’t)have to.(不用mustn’t)
3. May I/ he/…
No,you/ he/…mustn’t.(少用may not)
4. Could(Can)you…
Yes,I can (不用could)
5. Shall I/she/ he…
No,you(she,he)needn’t/can’t/mustn’t
二、情态动词表“推测”
1.can,may,must使用的句式：
1)肯定陈述句中：must表“肯定、必定、一定”意，may/might表“也许，或许”意。
2)否定陈述句中：can’t/couldn’t表“不可能”意，may not/might not表“也许不、可能不”意。
3)疑问句中：只能用can或could,不能用must,may或might。
注意：表推测的could,might并不是指过去时间，而是表示比can,may把握性略小些的情况。
2.对目前状态的推测：
1)must/may/might/can/could＋be＋表语
例如：She must be a teacher.她肯定是老师。She can’t/couldn’t be a doctor.她肯定不是医生。 He may not/might not be a doctor.他可能不是医生。
2)must/may/might/can/could＋一些不能用于进行时的静态动词(如:have,exist,live,like,hate,own,belong to等)
例如：She must have her own car,for she has a lot of money.
That kind of bird may live in the valleys.
3.对目前正在发生的事情进行推测：
句式：must/may/might/can/could＋be doing
例如：They must be waiting for us.他们肯定正在等我们。
She may/might be doing her homework.她可能正在做作业。
Can/Could he be playing football 他会正在踢足球吗？
4.对已发生的事情进行推测：
句式：must/may/might/can/could＋have done
例如：There’s no lignt in the room. They must have gone to bed./She knows nothing about the film. She can’t/couldn’t have seen it./Can/Could he have been a doctor /He may/might(not)have been a teacher./They must have been watching TV at nine last night./Can/Could she have stayed in Beijing last year
注意：will have done句式也可表“肯定/可能已经…”推测意。
例如：He will have learned advanced mathematics,for he knows a lot about it. 他肯定/可能学过高等数学，因为他对此懂得很多。
三、“情态动词＋have done”用法
1.should/ought to ＋have done,意“本应该…”，含有责备或后悔意。
例如：You should have come here a little earlier./I ought to have sent him to school./
2.shouldn’t/oughtn’t to＋have done,意“本不应该”，含有责备或后悔意。
例如：You shouldn’t have watered the flower./I oughtn’t to have scolded her for such a small thing.
3.might have done,意“过去可能做”；could have done意“本能够做”，两者都含有委婉批评或遗憾之意，也可表对过去情况的推测。
例如：He might have gone to Nanjing with Professor Wang.last week,but he was ill.上星期他本可以和王教授一起去南京的，可他病了。We could have finished the work ahead of time.我们本来是能够提前完成工作的。
四、情态动词在反意疑问句中的用法
1.“肯定祈使句＋附加问句”结构，附加问句常用will/would/won’t you形式。
例如：Stand still,will/would/won’t you
2.“否定祈使句＋附加问句”结构，附加问句常用will/would you形式。
例如：Don’t watch TV,will/would you
3.Let’s…,shall we ; Let us…,will/won’t you
4.含有must句子的反意问句
1)must表示“必须”时，附加部分常用needn’t,也可用mustn’t.例如：He must go with you,needn’t/mustn’t he
2)mustn’t表“一定不能”时，附加部分用may.例如：She mustn’t leave,may she
3)must表“一定、想必”推测意时，附加部分主要有下列几种形式：
A.He must be an engineer,isn’t he They must be writing now,aren’t they (这类句子问句前部分含“must be…”或“must be doing…”。)
B.She must have a car/live there, doesn’t she
C.He must have seen the film,hasn’t he？(这类句子问句前部分的谓语为must have done,句子无具体过去时间状语。)
D.He must have seen the film last week,didn’t he (这类句子问句前面部分的谓语为must have done,句子有具体过去时间状语。)
E.Mother must have been shopping then,wasn’t she (前面部分谓语为must have been doing。)
5.含有may表推测的句子，其反意问句形式与must表推测的反意问句形式相似。
例如：She may have finished her homework,hasn’t she
五、几组词语辨析
1.must与have to:must强调说话者的主观看法，have to强调客观需要，表示“不必”意要用needn’t或don’t/didn’t/won’t have to,不能用mustn’t。
2.can/could与be able to:can多用于现在时，也可用于将来时，could只用于过去时，be able to可用于各种时态。表示“过去经过努力而做成(或没做成)”要用was/were(not) able to ，而不用could(not)。例如：He worked hard,but he wasn’t able to pass the exam.
3.will,would,used to:都可表“习惯”意。①will表示不受时间限制的习惯性动作。如：Fish will die out of water./ She’ll sit for hours without saying anything.
②would表示过去习惯性的动作，但不涉及与现在情况的对比。如：He would walk by the river in the morning.注意：would后不能跟表状态动词。例如不能说He would be late for school last year. ③used to表示过去习惯性的动作或状态，但这种习惯现在已不存在了。如：He used to get up early. He used to be late for school.
情态动词考点分析
1.－Could I borrow your dictionary (NMET)
－Yes,of course you________.
A.might B.will C.can D.should
析：B、D意明显不合；A语气不妥，与of course不符。此题Could是表Can意的委婉说法，并非过去时，所以答案应为C。
2.－Shall I tell John about it
－No,you_________.I’ve told him already. (NMET)
A.needn’t B.wouldn’t C.mustn’t D.shoudn’t
析：B意明显不合用，可排除。mustn’t意“不许、不得”，shouldn’t意“不应该”都不合情景。只有needn’t表“不必”与下文“I’ve told him already”相贴切。
3.－There were already five people in the car,but they managed to take me as well.
－It_________a comfortable journey. (NMET)
A.can’t be B.shouldn’t be
C.mustn’t have been D.couldn’t have been
析：A、B是对现在情况而言，与情景不合。表否定推测不能说mustn’t have been,只有D选项“不可能是”意思切合，时态也对，故为正确答案。
4.The fire spread through the hotel very quickly ，but everyone________get out.
(NMET)
A.could B.would C.was able to D.had to
析：根据题干提供的情景B、D皆应排除。在A、C两选项中，因为根据情景要选一个“经过努力能够”这样意思的词，故定答案为C。
5.I told Sally how to get here,but perhaps I________for her.
A.had to write it out B.must have written it out
C.should have written it out D.ought to write it out
析：A项意“(当时)不得不写出来”，不合题意；D项意“(现在)应写出来”也不合题意；B项意“(当时)肯定已写出来”明显不对。只有表“当初应该写出来”意的C项才合上下文。
6.That young man has made so much noise that he_________not have been allowed to attend the concert. (上海高考题)
A.could B.must C.would D.should
析：若选A。意“不可能已被允许…”与情景不合，应排除；B项不可选；C项意“当时将不会被允许…”也与情况相悖。只有D“should not have been allowed…”表示“当初不该让他…”才合题意。
7.－Can I help you,sir
－Yes,I bought this radio here yesterday,but it______.(NMET)
A.didn’t work B.couldn’t work C.can’t work D.doesn’t work
析：若选A。意“昨天不响（今天响了）”，不合题目情景；若选B。其意是“当时不能工作（现在能工作了）”，显然不合题；若选C。意为“这台收音机根本不能工作（是废品）”这未免显得武断；只有D表“这台机子不响（有毛病）”意才能合理地表达来找商店服务员的原因。
主谓一致（Agreement）
1.“Either A or B＋谓语”结构，谓语取决于Ｂ。
　　　例：Either the students or their teacher dislikes basketball,otherwise they
would take part in the basketball match.
但在一般疑问句中，谓语取决于Ａ。
　　 例如：Do either the students or their teacher dislike basketball
Is either he or you going there
这种谓语取决于与其最近的主语现象叫做“就近原则”。
２．“Neither A nor B＋谓语”结构，谓语多取决于Ｂ。但现代英语也出现复数谓语，
理由是neither A nor B是两部分之和，为复数概念，故其后可用复数谓语。
例如：Neither she nor I was(或were)fortunate enough to gain extra points.
她和我都不幸未能获得附加分。
Neither you nor he does(或do)well in maths.
3．Neither of…接单、复谓(通常视为单数，但在口语中，从意义上亦可视为复数)
None of…接单、复谓
例：Neither of them is(或are)right.
None of you is(或are)fit for the job.
4. as well as（以及）
(together)with(以及)B＋谓语”结构，谓语取决于Ａ。
　　　“A　 along with(以及)
but(除去)
rather than
例: as well as
The trainer along with two gymnasts is in the gym.
(together) with
教练和两个体操运动员在体操房里。
All but Li Dong have passed the test. 除了李东所有人都通过了考试。
Nobody but Li Dong and Wang Hong has passed the test.
除了李东和王宏没有什么人通过那场考试。
5. 表示钱数、时间、长度、数学等概念名词其后通常用单数谓语。
例：200 yuan / 500 dollars / 20 minutes is not enough for us.
makes 15.
10 and 5 10加5等于15.
is
makes 5.
10 minus 5 10减5等于5.
is
（以上两数词例，现代英语认为make,are也对。）
20 kilometres is too much for them. 20公里是他们吃不消的。
6. There be 结构中be的形式取决于靠近be的名词，若是单数名词，则be为is/was;
若是复数名词，则be为are/were（即第１条中的“就近原则”）。
例如：There is a desk,two chairs and three sofas in the room.
There are three sofas,two chairs and a desk in the room.
7. a group of…，a team of…后跟复谓、单谓皆可，跟复谓的理由是不止一个人，跟单谓的理由是将许多人视为“一组”、“一队”这样的一个单位体。
例如：A group/team of students are /is cleaning the street.
8. 象school ,class,family,team,group government等这类群体名词，其后谓语可能是单数形式，也可能是复数形式。通常视其为一个整体单位时，用单数谓语；视其为群体成员时，则用复数谓语。
例如：The class are having a meeting. 这个班学生在开会。
The class is not very big. 这个班不是大班。
The family enjoy singing and dancing. 这家人喜欢唱歌跳舞。
The family has only three persons.这家只有三口人。
9. 象police,clothes,trousers这类复数概念名词，其后总是跟复数谓语。the wounded
（伤员）后总是跟复数谓语。
10. 象clothing,news,information,advice这类不可数名词后应跟单数谓语，但它们前面有可数性短语修饰时，也可跟复数谓语。
例如：The clothing is very nice.The news is interesting.
Five articles of clothing are over there.
Three pieces of news were announced on TV.
11.百分数of＋复名＋复谓，百分数of＋单名／不可数名词＋单谓
例：40 percent of the students are girls.
80 percent of the work/the book has been finished.
分数后的谓语形式同百分数。
12. who/why/how/whether/if/than引导的名词从句＋单谓
例：How he got there is unknown./Why she did it remains a puzzle./It’s lucky that he is still alive.
13. A (large)number of＋复名＋复谓。
例：A number of books are over there.
A large amount of＋不可数名词＋单谓。
例：A large amount of money has been spent.
The number of＋复名＋单谓。
例：The number of the students in our school is 2000.
主谓一致考点分析
１．_____either he or I to leave for America
A. Is B.Am C.Are D.Will
析：由or,either…or, nor, neither…or, whether…or, not…but, not only…but also等连接的并列主语，其谓语动词的单复数要根据“就近原则”处理，因为空白处与he最近，故要选A。
2. No one has finished his homework,________
A.have they B.haven’t they C.has he D.hasn’t he
析：由No one可知空白处应选肯定式，故可排除B,D。又因为句子表述的意思是“没
有一个人完成作业”，从人数上看是很多人没完成作业，故排除C项，而选A。
3. There comes the bus,_______
A.doesn’t there B.doesn’t it C.does it D.are there
析：这是一个倒装句，主语是bus，谓语是comes, 所以答案应选Ｂ。
4. He is a teacher but his wife is a doctor,_______
A.isn’t she B.isn’t it C.aren’t they D.isn’t he
析：此题问句前部分含but，重点是强调his wife is a doctor,故问句部分取决于此部分，因此，该题答案为A。
5. They don’t think money is everything,_______
A.is it B.isn’t it C.will they D.do they
析：如果是“I/ We(don’t)think＋宾从”则反意问句主语和谓语取决于宾语从句，但此句主句的主语不是I或we，而是They,这时反意问句部分的主语和谓语要取决　　　　 于主句的主、谓语，所以此题答案应选Ｄ。
　 6. Each soldier and sailor_____given a rifle when the ship landed.
A.were B.was C.are D.is
析：根据when the ship landed,可知应排除C,D.又因“each/every A and(each/every)B”结构的主语后面应跟单数谓语，所以答案为B。
7.More than one person_____involved(卷入)in th case.
A.is B.are C.has D.have
析：要表达“被卷入”，只能在A,B之中选一个，因more than one后应跟单名，单
谓，所以答案为A。
　　8.He is the only one of our customers who____this kind of article.
A.like B.likes C.are fond of D.loved
析：从时态考虑可排除D。因“the/the only…of＋复名”后的定语从句谓语应该
用单数形式，所以答案应是B。但此题若将the only 去掉，则答案为A。
　
情态动词、主谓一致专练
1. The possibe____often proved impossible.
A. have B.has C.are D.will
2.Neither you nor I am mad,____
A.are you B.aren’t I C.am I D.are we
3.You don’t think I am wrong,____
A.don’t you B.do you C.aren’t D.am I
4.It was Lin Song who broke the rules of the school,____
A.wasn’t it B.didn’t he C.was it D.did he
5.Bruce must have been in China for a long time,_____
A.hasn’t he B.mustn’t he C.Isn’t he D.wasn’t he
6.What the teacher has said is true,____
A.has he B.hasn’t he C.is it D.isn’t it
7.It must have snowed last night,____
A.isn’t it B.haven’t he C.mustn’t it D.didn’t it
8.It’s the first time that Xiao Qing has been to Tianjin,_____
A.has she B.is it C.hasn’t she D.isn’t it
9. The trousers_____fit for him.
A.is B.are C.must D.do
10.He rather than Li Ying and Wang Ping____praised by the teacher.
A.are B.is C.were D.was
11.Where is my pen I_____it. (NMET)
A.should have lost B.must have lost C.would have lost D.might lose
12.A computer____think for itself ; it must be told what to do.(NMET)
A.can’t B.couldn’t C.may not D.might not
13.We_____last night ,but we went to the concert instead. (NMET)
A.must have studied B.might study
C.should have studied D.would study
14.I didn’t hear the phone ,I_____asleep. (NMET)
A.must be B.must have been C.should be D.should have been
15.Be sure to write to us,_____ (NMET)
A.will you B.aren’t you C.can you D.mustn’t you
16.I didn’t see her in the meeting-room this morning.She____at the meeting.
(上海)
A.mustn’t have spoken B.shoudn’t have spoken
C.needn’t have spoken D.couldn’t have spoken
17.There is plenty of time.She____. (NMET)
A.must have hurried B.needn’t have hurried
C.must not hurry D.couldn’t have hurried
18.You don’t______to go there if you have no time.(上海)
A.need B.want C.must D.ought
19.Sir,you_____be sitting in this waiting-room.It is for women and children
only.(上海)
A.oughtn’t to B.can’t C.won’t D.don’t
20.Tom ought not to_____me your secret ,but he meant no harm. (NMET)
A.have told B.tell C.be telling D.having told
21.It’s nearly seven o’clock.Jack_____be here at any moment.(NMET)
A.must B.need C.should D.can
22.Your coat is dirty,_____it for you
A.Am I washing B.Will I wash C.Am I going to wash D.Shall I wash
23.No one _____that to his face.
A.dare say B.dare to say C.dares saying D.dares said
24.There used to be a church in the east of the town,_____
A.didn’t there B.usen’t to there C.used there D.usedn’t to there
25._____you be happy!
A.Can B.May C.Must D.Would
26.Put on more clothes . You_____be feeling cold with only a shirt on.
A.would B.can C.could D.must
27.－Why didn’t you answer when I called you
－I_____but you didn’t hear me.
A.had to B.couldn’t C.didn’t answer D.did
28.I_____that time is more valuable than money.
A.hardly need say B.need hardly say
C.need hardly to say D.hardly need to say
29.I____like to become a pianist some day.
A.will B.may C.would D.shall
30 He_____there now,but I am not sure.
A.maybe B.may be C.may have been D.might have been
31.－I didn’t see him yesterday.
－Oh,but you______.
A.ought to B.should have C.can’t have D.may have
32.－Where were you this morning I tried to call you.
－I _____ to the library for a while.
A.tried to go B.should go C.must go D.had to go
33.The flower is dead.I_____it more water.
A.will give B.must give C.should have given D.would have given
34.－Does Tom want to go to the film
－Yes,but he says_____tonight.
A.he’d not rather go B.he’ll rather not go
C.he won’t rather go D.he’d rather not go
35.－Did you walk home by yourself last night
－Yes ,I did. But I guess I_____.
A.shouldn’t B.needn’t C.may not have D.needn’t have
36.－Do you speak Japanese
－No,I don’t , but I_____speak Chinese.
A.ought B.have to C.do D.must
37.If you_____quiet ,I’ll tell you what happned
A.be B.will be C.are D.are to be
38.－Look ,it_____be Li Ping.
－No,it____be him.He’s gone abroad.
A.may;mustn’t B.must;may C.must;can’t D.can;may not
39.Professor Wang,many students want to see you. _____they wait here or outside
A.Do B.Are C.Will D.Shall
40.I can’t find Mr Wang anywhere in the office building.Where____he have gone
A.may B.can C.must D.Should
41.Wherever you____,there’s no place like home.
A.can go B.must go C.might go D.may go
42.－Don’t forget to post the letter for me.
－I _____.
A.won’t B.will C.don’t D.can’t
43.－Must I take a taxi
－No,you_____.You can walk from here.
A.don’t B.must not C.don’t have to D.had better not to
44.The bus _____start;I don’t know what to do with it.
A.can’t B.won’t C.shan’t D.may not
45.The car broke down on the way ,but we_____get out of the desert at last.
A.might B.would C.were able to D.could
46.The rest of the lecture_____interesting.
A.is B.are D.maybe D.sound
47.One and a half bananas____eaten by the little boy.
A.were B.was C.have been D.was to
48.The cattle_____still grazing in the fields.
A.was B.keeps C.were D.won’t
49.What caused the accident and who was responsible for it_____a mystery(谜)to
us.
A.remains B.remain C.is D.look like
50.All _____not gold that glitters.
A.is B.are C.was D.were
情态动词、主谓一致答案
１－５ B D B A A 6－10 D D D B D 11－15 B B C B A
16－20 D C A A A 21－25 C D A A B 26－30 D D D C B
31－35 B D C D D 36－40 C B C D B 41－45 D A C B C
46－50 A A C B A
12
1情态动词
1. One thing I don’t like about my school is that we students ____ wear a uniform.
A can B have to C need D may
2. You ____ leave a tip if you don’t want to.
A mustn’t B don’t have to C shouldn’t D can’t
3. You ___ park your car here, as it’s in the people’s way.
A needn’t B don’t have to C mustn’t D won’t
4. It’s cold now in Australia, so I ____ take some warm clothes.
A have to B must C may D can
5. She has moved into a new flat, so she ____ get up early to catch the early bus.
A mustn’t B can’t C shouldn’t D doesn’t have to
6. You ____ keep the book as long as you wish, but you ___ lend it to others.
A mustn’t; mustn’t B may; don’t have to C may; mustn’t D have to; mustn’t
7. I ____ work when I was your age.
A had to B must C need D have got
8. The play is not interesting, I really ____ go now.
A have to B must C should D ought to
9. ---May I keep the book for another week
---No, you ____. You have already kept it too long.
A can’t B oughtn’t C may not D won’t
10. ____ you shout so loudly Father is sleeping.
A Can B Should C Must D May
11. ---Are you coming to the party tonight
---I’m not sure. I ___ go to see my grandparents.
A can B may C must D need
12. ---Someone is asking to see you at the school gate.
---Who ____ it be
A can B may C must D might
13. You ____ walk for miles and miles in the hills without meeting anyone in the daytime.
A must B need C may D can
14. ---Look, it ___ be Professor Wang.
---No, it ____ be him, as he has gone abroad.
A may; mustn’t B must; may not C must; can’t D can; may not
15. My watch doesn’t work now. There ____ be something wrong with it.
A may B can C could D must
16. You must be joking, _____ you
A mustn’t B needn’t C can’t D aren’t
17. You must have known the result, ____ you
A mustn’t B can’t C haven’t D don’t
18. John’s score on the test is the highest in the class; he ___ last night.
A should study B should have studied C must have studied D must have to study
19. The room is in a terrible mess; it ____ cleaned.
A can’t have been B shouldn’t have been
C mustn’t have been D wouldn’t have been
20. Mary was not in her bedroom yesterday afternoon. She ___ in her classroom.
A should have been B must have been C must be D should be
21. One ought ____ for what one hasn’t done.
A not to be punished B to not be punished C to not punish D not be punished
22. Everyone ___ do his best for the modernizations lf our country.
A can B may C should D might
23. ---I was too busy to help him with the problem.
---But you ____.
A ought to B should C ought to have D should do
24. You ____ take down the address, or you may forget where to go.
A would rather B need C would like to D had better
25. Jenny ____ have kept her word. I wonder why she changed her mind.
A must B should C need D can
26. Tom ought not to ____ me your secret, but he meant no harm.
A have told B tell C be telling D having told
27. I told Sally how to get there, but perhaps I ____ for her.
A had to write it out B must have written it out
C should have written it out D ought to write it out
28. It’s nearly seven o’clock. Jack ____ be here at any moment.
A must B need C should D can
29. ---When can I come for the photos I need them tomorrow afternoon.
---They ____ be ready by 12:00.
A can B should C might D need
30. The old professor gave orders that the experiment ____ before 6:00.
A was finished B would finish C be finished D shall be finished
31. ---I go out to play now, Mum
---No. You ____. You should do your homework first.
A Might; wouldn’t B May; had better not C Must; mustn’t D Need; mustn’t
32. ---Oh, I’ve missed a good chance.
---Yes. You ___ the chance when it came.
A should have taken B should have C might have taken D had taken
33. You ought ____ for what you have done.
A to not be punished B not to be punished C not be punished D not punish
34. I was really anxious about you. You ____ home without a word.
A mustn’t leave B shouldn’t have left C couldn’t have left D needn’t leave
35. ----Do you think he is at home now
----I think he ____ be, for it’s ten o’clock now.
A would B should C might D ought to
36. ---Let’s go out for a walk, shall we
---____.
A No, I can’t B should C No, we’d better not D Yes, go ahead
37. The plant is dead. I ___ it more water.
A will give B would have given C must give D should have given
38. ---I telephoned you several times yesterday, but no one answered.
---Oh, I ____ asleep.
A must fall B must have fallen C should fall D should have fallen
39. Johnny, you ____ play with the knife, you ____ hurt yourself.
A won’t; can’t B shouldn’t; must C can’t; shouldn’t D mustn’t; may
40. Excuse me, you ____ enter the teachers’ office without permission.
A oughtn’t to B won’t C needn’t D may not
41. A computer ____ think for itself, it mist be told what to do.
A can’t B couldn’t C may not D might not
42. He ____ see a doctor before it is too late.
A must B must have to C need D need have to
43. ---____ I stop here, sir
---No. Go on to the next paragraph, please.
A Will B May C Would D Ought
44. ---May I put my bike here
---No, you ___.
A needn’t B can’t C mustn’t D aren’t able
45. Our teachers are at work. You ____ make so much noise.
A won’t B mustn’t C may not D needn’t
46. I’m afraid it ____ rain tonight.
A can B could C may be D might
47. Don’t be worried. The news ____ be true.
A may not B mustn’t C needn’t D shan’t
48. ---Must I write down the new words now
---_____.
A No, you needn’t B No, you may not C No, you mustn’t D No, you can’t
49. ---May I take this magazine out of the reading-room
---____.
A Yes, you may B No, you don’t C Yes, you do D Yes, you take
5o. ---The room is so dirty. ____ we clean it
---Of course.
A Will B Shall C Would D Do
51. Peter ____ come with us tonight, but he isn’t very sure yet.
A must B may C can D will
52. Michael ___ be a policeman, for he’s much too short.
A needn’t B can’t C should D may
53. ---Are you coming to Jeff’s party
---I’m not sure, I ___ go to the concert instead.
A must B would C should D might
54. The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone ____ get out.
A had to B would C could D was able to
55. It’s nearly seven o’clock, Jack ___ be here at any moment.
A must B need C should D can
56. There was plenty of time. She ____.
A mustn’t have hurried B couldn’t have hurried
C must not hurry D needn’t have hurried
57. I didn’t see her in the meeting room this morning. She ____ at the meeting.
A mustn’t have spoken B shouldn’t have spoken
C needn’t have spoken D couldn’t have spoken
58. He ____ you more help, even though he was very busy.
A might have given B might give C may have given D may give
59. ---I stayed at a hotel while in New York.
---Oh, did you You ____ with Barbara.
A could have stayed B could stay C would stay D must have stayed
60. ---I heard they went skiing in the mountains last winter.
---It ____ true because there was little snow there.
A may not be B won’t be C couldn’t be D mustn’t be
　　61．（2002全国高考题）—Is John coming by train
　　—He should，but he ________ not. He likes driving his car.
　　A. must　　　　 B. can　　　　 C. need　　　　 D. may
　　62．（2003北京春季高考题）—The room is so dirty. ________ we clean it
　　—Of course.
　　A. Will B. Shall C. Would D. Do
　　63．（2003上海春季高考题）My English-Chinese dictionary has disappeared. Who ________ have taken it
　　A. should B. must C. could D. would
　　64．（2002北京高考题）—I heard they went skiing in the mountains last winter.
　　—It ________ true because there was little snow there.
　　A. may not be B. won’t be C. couldn’t be D. mustn’t be
　　65．（2002上海高考题）It has been announced that candidates ________ remain in their seats until all the papers have been collected.
　　A. can B. will C. may D. shall
　　66．—There were already five people in the car but they managed to take me as well.
　　　 —It ________ a comfortable journey.
　　A. can’t be B. shouldn’t be
　　C. mustn’t have been D. couldn’t have been
　　67．—Did the train arrive in time
　　　 —No. It ________ two hours ago.
　　A. must have arrive B. ought to have arrived
　　C. must arrive D. ought to arrive
　　68．—I can’t find my wallet.
　　　 —You ________ it on the bus.
　　A. must forget B. must leave
　　C. must have forgotten D. must have left
　　69．Such a businessman ________ be honest. He gets his money in a dishonest way.
　　A. can’t B. mustn’t be
　　C. may not D. shouldn’t
　　70．Peter ________ come with us tonight，but he isn’t very sure yet.
　　A. must B. may C. can D. will
　　71．The girl used to be very interested in music, ________ she
　　A. didn’t B. use C. used D. usedn’t to
　　72．The old woman ________ sit there for hours，recalling her good old days.
　　A. would B. used C. used to D. could
　　73．My watch is out of order. It needs ________.
　　A. repair B. repaired C. repairing D. to repair
　　74．It’s seven o’clock. Jack ________ be here at any moment.
　　A. must B. need C. should D. can
　　75．It’s still early. You ________ hurry.
　　A. mustn’t B. wouldn’t C. may not D. don’t have to
　　76．—Do you think the flight is delayed
　　　　—It ________ be，especially in such weather.
　　A. would B. should C. might D. ought to
　　77．Tom didn’t see her in the meeting room this morning. She ________ have spoken at the meeting.
　　A. couldn’t B. mustn’t C. shouldn’t D. needn’t
　　78．The light is still on. The student ________ to switch it off.
　　A. must forget B. must have forgotten
　　C. might forget D. may forget
　　79．You must be a writer, ________ you
　　A. can’t B. aren’t C. must D. mustn’t
　　80．You ought ________ for what you are unable to do.
　　A. not to be punished B. to not be punished
　　C. to not punished D. not be punished
　　81．If you had been more careful enough，you ________ have made so many mistakes.
　　A. won’t B. mustn’t C. shouldn’t D. wouldn’t
　　82．—I hear you’ve got a set of valuable Australian coins. ________ I have a look
　　　　—Yes，certainly.
　　A. May B. Do C. Shall D. Should
　　83．—Do you think I could borrow your dictionary
　　　　— ________ .
　　A. Yes，you may borrow B. Yes，you could
　　C. Yes，go on D. Yes，help yourself
　　84．The plant is dead. I ________ it more water.
　　A. will give B. would have given
　　C. must give D. should have given
　　85．You ________ return my umbrella now. You can keep it till next week if you like.
　　A. can’t B. mustn’t C. needn’t D. may not
　　86．Tom ought not to ________ me your secret，but he meant no harm.
　　A. have told B. tell C. be telling D. having told
　　87．He told Sally how to get there，but perhaps he ________ out for her.
　　A. had to write it B. must have written it
　　C. should have written it D. ought to write it
　　88．Johnny, you ________ play with the knife; you ________ hurt yourself.
　　A. won’t; can’t B. mustn’t; may
　　C. shouldn’t; must D. can’t; shouldn’t
　　89．It’s a fine day. Let’s go fishing, ________
　　A. won’t we B. will we C. don’t we D. shall we
　　90．Be sure to write to us, ________ you
　　A. will B. aren’t C. can D. mustn’t
　　91．—Would it bother you if I talk to you for a minute
　　　　— ________ .
　　A. Yes，please B. No，I don’t
　　C. Yes，please don’t D. Not at all
　　92．I ________ tell you what he did for fear that he should be angry with me.
　　A. daren’t B. daren’t to
　　C. dared not to D. dares not
　　93．—I should have put on my coat when we left.
　　　　—It’s a pity that you ________.
　　A. didn’t B. don’t C. haven’t D. hadn’t
　　94．—Aren’t you a football player
　　　　— ________ .
　　A. Yes，I’m not B. Yes，I was
　　C. Oh，I used to be D. Oh，I used be
　　95．If you really want yourself to be healthier，you must ________ always ________ so much.
　　A. not; be smoking B. not; have smoked
　　C. not; to smoke D. be not; smoking
　　96．A computer ________ think for itself. It must be told what to do.
　　A. can’t B. couldn’t C. may not D. might not
　　97．—When can I come for the photos I need them tomorrow afternoon.
　　　　—They ________ be ready by 12:00.
　　A. can B. should C. might D. need
　　98．I didn’t hear the phone. I ________ asleep.
　　A. must be B. must have been
　　C. should be D. should have been
　　99．He ________ you more help，even though he was very busy.
　　A. might have given B. might give
　　C. may have given D. may give
　　100．—Shall I turn on the television
　　　　—No，I ________ watch it now. I want to go to bed.
　　A. shouldn’t B. couldn’t
　　C. would rather not D. might not
　　101．— ________ you make so much noise
　　　　—Sorry. I’ll take care not to.
　　A. Can B. Must C. May D. Would
　　102．— Will you stay for lunch
　　　　—Sorry, ________. My brother is coming to see me.
　　A. I mustn’t B. I can’t C. I needn’t D. I won’t
　　103．The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone ________ get out.
　　A. had to B. would
　　C. was able to D. could
　　104．I was really anxious about you. You ________ home without a word.
　　A. mustn’t leave B. shouldn’t have left
　　C. couldn’t have left D. needn’t leave
　　105．I thought you ________ like something to read，so I have brought you some books.
　　A. may B. might C. could D. must
　　106．—Sara has just come back from New York and she looks very happy.
　　　　—She ________ her trip very much.
　　A. might enjoy B. should have enjoyed
　　C. might have enjoyed D. must enjoy
　　107．You are doing in a wrong way. It ________ this way.
　　A. used to do B. is used to doing
　　C. used to be done D. was used to doing
　　108．— ________ Mary get disappointed if we tell her the news
　　　　—I think she ________.
　　A. Will; may B. Will; shall C. Shall; will D. Shall; need
　109．—Are you coming to Jeff’s party
　　　　—I’m not sure. I ________ go to the concert instead.
　　A. must B. would C. should D. might
　　110．There was plenty of time. She ________.
　　A. mustn’t have hurried B. couldn’t have hurried
　　C. must not hurried D. needn’t have hurried
Key
1~5 BBCAD 6~10 CABAC 11~15 BACCD 16~20 DCCAB
21~25 ACCDB 26~30 ACCBC 31~35 BABBB 36~40 CDBDA
41~45 AABCB 46~50 DAAAB 51~55BBDDC 56~60 DDAAC
1～5 DBCCD 6～10 DBDAB
　　11～15 ACCCD 16～20 CABBA
　　21～25 DADDC 26～30 ACBDA
　　31～35 DAACA 36～40 ABBAC
　　41～45 BBCBB 46～50 CCADD
　　【解析】
　　1．may表推测。
　　2．shall在这里用来征求意见。
　　3．在疑问句中表推测一般用can或could。
　　4．在否定句中表推测一般也用can或could。
　　5．shall在这里指“规定、命令”。
　　7．ought to加完成式表示某事“应该（已经）”。
　　11．used to的反义部分既可用usedn’t，也可用didn’t。
　　12．used to表示“（过去）常……”。
　　13．need在这里用作实义动词，表“需要”之意，后跟v. -ing的主动形式，或动词不定式的被动式。
　　15．don’t have to表示“不必”。
　　18．must加完成式表示“（过去）一定……”。
　　21．wouldn’t在这里表示虚拟的语气。
　　26．全句意为“汤姆本不应该告诉我你的秘密，但他并无恶意”。
　　29．Let’s…的反意问句用shall we; Let us…的反意问句用will you.
　　32．dare在本句中是情态动词。
　　35．must与进行式连用表示“厌倦、不耐烦”的语气。
　　43．was able to 表示“（过去）成功地或设法做了某事”。
　　50．needn’t加完成式表示“（过去）没有必要……”。
　
PAGE
1北京四中情态动词
情态动词也叫语气动词，有一定的词义，但本身不表示行为或状态，而只是表示说话人对所说动作的看法，认为它"可能"、"应当"、"必要"等。情态动词不能单独作谓语动词，只能和动词原形一起构成谓语动词。英语里的情态动词主要有：can(could), may(might), must, shall, will, would, need, dare, should, ought to。情态动词在任何主语后没有人称和数的变化。除must, need, ought to外，其他情态动词有表示过去时的形式变化：
现在式　　　　　　　　过去式
can　　　　　　　　　　could
may　　　　　　　　　　might
shall　　　　　　　　　should
will　　　　　　　　　would
dare　　　　　　　　　dared
⒈can 和could
⑴表示能力
can 表示现在或未来的能力，could作为can的过去式，表示过去的"能力"
如：
Whales cannot live on land.
鲸不能生活在陆地上。
We can skate.
我们会滑冰。
A computer can't think for itself.
计算机不会独立思考。
Before liberation few workers could support their families.
解放前几乎没有工人能养得起家。
* be able to 与can、could的异同：
◆be able to 可用于多种时态，can和could只用于现在时和过去时。
如：
He will be able to go with us this afternoon.
他今天下午能和我们一起去。（一般将来时）
I haven't been able to see the difference yet.
我还不能看出区别在哪。（现在完成时）
He thought I would be able to do the work well.
他认为我能把这项工作做好。（过去将来时）
The sick man was soon able to stand up.
病人很快能站立起来。（一般过去时）
◆如果表示过去"能够"、"做到"，"设法干成了某事"，常用was/were able to …来表达（相当于managed to do sth. 或succeeded in doing sth. ）,而不用could。
如：
With the firemen, they were able to escape from the burning house.
在消防人员的帮助下，他们得以从燃烧的房子中逃出。
We were able to get there before the meeting began.
会前我们终于赶到那里。
⑵表示"可能性"
◆can表示可能性时，常用于疑问句和否定句中。
如：
Who is speaking at the meeting Can it be Mr. Black
会议上发言的是谁？会不会是布莱克先生？
It can't be him.
不可能是他。
◆can间或可用于肯定句，表示理论上的可能性，表示笼统的时间，事物的特征
Anybody who wants to try can be successful.
只要想试，任何人都可能成功。
Scotland can be very warm in September.
九月份苏格兰会很暖和。
⑶表示许可和请求
在日常生活中，can可以代替may,表示"允许"；could 可以代替can用来表示现在时间的动作，但语气较为婉转，表请求。
如：
☆Can/Could I use your pen 　　　　
我可以用一下你的钢笔吗？（表请求）(could 比can更客气，语气更委婉)
Yes, you can. ( 回答时不能说成could)
☆You can go whenever you wish.
无论什么地方，你愿意走就可以走。
⑷习惯短语：
cannot…too…　　越…越好
cannot but 　　　不得不
如：
You cannot be too careful.
你越仔细越好。
I cannot but do so.
我不得不这样做。
⑸can 和could 后面接动词的完成式，表示对过去情况的猜测或判断。can常用于疑问句和否定句，而could能用于肯定句，表示一个非事实的或不可能实现的可能性。
如：
Where can he have gone
他会去哪里了？
He can't have gone to school. ----It's Sunday.
他不可能去学校了----今天是星期天。
You were stupid to go skiing there. You could have broken your leg.
去那里滑雪你真是太傻了，你会摔断腿的。（实际上没有摔断腿）
⑹could have done
本来能做而实际未做，表达遗憾的感彩
如：
----I stayed at a hotel while in New York.
----Oh, did you You could have stayed with Jane.
在纽约期间，我无处安身，只好住在旅馆里。
嗷，是吗？你本可以和珍妮住在一起。（表达遗憾的感彩）
⒉may 和might
⑴表示"允许"或"请求对方的允许"，might 比may 语气更客气、更委婉
You may take a rest now.
你们现在可以休息了。（表允许）
May/Might I take the book out of the room
我可以把这本书拿出房间吗？（表请求允许）(might 比may更委婉，更客气)
⑵表示"可能性"
常用于肯定句和否定句，指说话人的猜测，认为某事或许可能发生。might并不表示某事过去可能发生，而是表示一种虚拟语气，指把握性不大，句中可以用may代替，不过may 要比might所表示的可能性要大。
He may/might come. You'd better stay here for a moment.
他或许来，你最好在这儿等他一会儿。(I am not sure whether he'll really come. )
I may/might not be back for dinner.
我可能不回来吃饭了。（I'm not sure whether I'll be back. ）
◆may/might + have + 过去分词
表示对过去的推测，认为过去可能发生的动作。might 比may 语气更含蓄或迟疑，may 比might的把握性更大
He may/might have gone abroad.
他可能出国了。
He may/might have had some kind of accident.
他可能出了什么事了。
⑶用于祈使句，表"祝愿"
May you both be happy！
祝你们俩幸福！
May you succeed！
祝你成功！
⑷习惯搭配：may /might as well　　还是…的好
You may as well give him the letter.
你还是把信给他为好。
I might as well stay at home tonight.
我今晚还是呆在家里吧。
⑸在表示目的或让步的状语从句中构成谓语
Write to her at once so that she may know in time.
马上给她写信使她及时知道。
He died so that the others might live.
为了使其他人能活下去，他自己牺牲了。
⑹might + have +过去分词
表过去未实现的动作，也是一种虚拟语气的用法
如：
He might have given you more help, even though he was very busy.
即使他当时忙，也应给你较多的帮助。（实际上他当时没给你较多帮助）
It was dangerous for you to try swimming in the river. You might have been eaten by the fish.
你试图在那条河里游泳真是危险，你可能被那种（食人）鱼吃了。（实际上并未被吃）
⒊must
⑴表示"必须"、"一定"（现在和未来）
Must I get ready now
我现在必须准备吗？
We must finish this before he comes.
我们必须在他回来之前做完这件事。
⑵must 和have to：
◆严格说来，这两个词是有区别的, must表示说话人主观认为的"必须"，而have/has to表示客观的需要，也可译为"不得不"
I really must stop smoking.
我真的该戒烟了。（我认为应该戒）
I have to stop smoking.
我得戒烟了。（可能医生的要求或身体的客观情况使我戒烟）
◆have to 有时态和人称的变化，而must没有
I had to write some letters last night.
我昨晚不得不写些信。（一般过去时）
I will have to meet Mr. Edward at three o'clock this afternoon.
我必须今天下午三点钟去会见爱德华先生。（将来时态）
◆must not=mustn't　　表示禁止，"不许"，"一定不能"
do not have to =don't have to "不必"
You mustn't go now.
你现在不能走。
You don't have to go now.
你不必现在就走。
◆must 用于疑问句时，肯定回答用must, 否定回答用need not 或don't have/need to
Must I hand in my paper now 　　
我必须现在交论文吗？
Yes, you must. (No, you needn't. 或No, you don't have to. )
⑶表判断推测
◆暗含很大的可能性，表这个意义时must仅用于肯定句，不能用于疑问句和否定句。
They must be in the classroom now.
他们现在准是在教室。
You must be ill. You look so pale.
你一定是病了，你的脸色苍白。
◆must + have + 过去分词　　表示对过去事情的推测。
如：
They must have heard the news.
他们必定是已经听到这消息了。
Something must have happened.
一定是发生了什么事。
The ground is wet. It must have rained last night.
地面是潮湿的，昨晚一定下过雨。
⑷must用在反意疑问句中
在反意疑问句中，附加部分要和陈述部分的情态动词或主要动词在意思上相呼应，使用情况各有不同：当陈述部分中的must作"必须，一定要"讲时，附加部分用mustn't 或needn't; 当must表推测，作"一定是，准是"讲时，附加部分要根据must后的原形动词选用相对应的形式。
He must work hard at English, mustn't he
他必须努力学习英语，是吧？
You must renew the book, needn't you
你必须续借这本书，对不对？
He must be a teacher, isn't he
他准是一名教师，是吗？（不说mustn't）
You must have studied English for many years, haven't you
你想必学了多年英语，是吗？（不说mustn't）
He must have arrived here yesterday, didn't he
他想必昨天就到了这里，是吗？（不说haven't）
⑸must表示"偏偏"
The car must break down just when we were about to start off.
我们正要出发时偏偏车又坏了。
4、need 和dare
⑴need 作情态动词，表示"需要"，只用于否定句和疑问句中，无人称和数的变化。
We needn't go there tomorrow.
我们不必明天去那里。
Need I tell you all the details
我需要把一切详情告诉你吗？
⑵dare作情态动词，通常用在否定句和疑问句中，无人称和数的变化。
He dare not do so.
他不敢那么做。
I dare not stand on the chair.
我不敢站在椅子上。
How dare you say such a thing
你怎么敢说这种话？
⑶need 和dare 也可作行为动词，与一般动词的变化相同。
◆作行为动词（或实义动词）时，need后面接"to + 动词原形"。
如：
Do I need to tell you all the details
我需要把一切详情告诉你吗？
It needs to be done at once.
这件事需要马上做。
You don't need to worry about that.
你不必为那事担心。
You didn't need to come.
你当时没必要来。
◆dare在肯定句中（I dare say除外）和疑问句中，后面都接"to +动词原形"，在否定句中有时带to, 有时不带to, 如：
I dared to do so.
我敢于这样做。
She dares to go out alone at night.
她晚上敢一人出去。
Did he dare to do so
他敢这样做吗？
He did not dare (to ) do so.
他不敢这样做。
⑷惯用语：I dare say　　表示"我想"、"大概"。（dare say 也可以连写）
There's something wrong with the radio, I dare say.
收音机恐怕有点毛病。
I daresay you are right.
我想你是对的。
⑸needn't + have +过去分词
表示过去本来不必做某事而实际上做了，"本不必做…"
You needn't have come.
你本不必来。(=You didn't have to come. ) （事实上你来了）
He needn't have waited for me.
他本不必等我。（=He didn't have to wait for me. ）(事实上他等我了)
⒌will 和would
⑴表意愿、决心
在陈述句或在条件状语从句中，will 和would用于任何人称。
I will never do it again.
我再也不做那种事了。
I will finish my lesson even if I have to stay up all night.
即使我整夜不睡觉我也一定要把功课做完。
If you will allow me, I'll go with you.
如果你愿意的话，我将跟你去。
They said they would help me.
他们说他们愿意帮助我。
⑵would 可表示过去的习惯动作
He would sit there for hours sometimes, doing nothing at all.
他有时候长时间地坐在那里，什么事都不做。
Every morning I would go for a long walk.
我每天早晨都会走很长的一段距离。
⑶表示询问对方的意愿或向对方提出请求,此时，would比will 的语气更婉转
Will you please pass me the magazine
请你把杂志递给我好吗？
Won't you come over
请到这边来好吗？
⑷would 与like连用，表请求、提议，比will更婉转礼貌，这时would表示的是现在时间并非过去时
Would you like to leave your telephone number
请留下你的电话号码好吗？
⑸will 可以表示现在或当前的习惯性、经常性、倾向性。常译成"惯于"、"总是"
如：
He will sit for hours reading.
他常常接连坐上几个小时看书。
Boys will be boys.
男孩子究竟是男孩子。
No matter what you say, he will always argue with you.
不管你说什么，他总是和你争论。
A wise man changes his mind, a fool never will.
聪明人能随机应变，傻瓜是不会的。
Water will boil at 100℃.
水在摄氏100度时总是要沸腾的。
⒍shall
⑴用于第一、第三人称疑问句，表示说话人征询对方意见或请求指示
Where shall I put my bag
我把包放在哪里好呢？
Shall he come in or wait outside
让他进来还是在外边等着？
Shall we dance
我们跳舞好吗？
⑵用于第二、第三人称，表示意愿、期望、允诺、命令、强制、警告、威胁等语气
You shall keep your room in order.
你须保持房间整洁。（表命令）
He shall be sorry for it one day, I tell you.
有一天他会后悔的，我告诉你。（表警告）
⒎should
⑴表示责任、义务、建议、劝告，用于各人称
You should study every day.
你们应该每天学习。（表责任）
You should always think of others before yourself.
你应当首先想到别人。（表劝告）
⑵表推测、可能，暗含很大的可能
I think he should be home now.
我想他现在应该在家。　　
You should know his address.
你应该知道他的住址。
⑶should + have + 过去分词　　表过去本应完成而未完成的动作
shouldn't + have + 过去分词　　表示过去发生了不应发生的动作
He should have arrived by this time.
他本应这个时候到了。（其实未到）
You shouldn't have made so much noise.
你原不该那样吵。（事实是吵了）
⑷用在why , how开头的疑问句中或that 引导的从句中
表达说话人感彩，表达意外和不满，"竟，竟会"
Why should you be so late
为什么你竟这么晚？
How should I know
我怎么会知道？
I'm sorry that you should think so badly of me.
你竟把我想得那么坏，我感到遗憾。
⑸用于if 引导的从句中，构成虚拟语气
If he should drop in, give him my message.
他如果来访，就把我的条交给他。
Ask her to ring me up if you should see her.
你如若见到她，让她给我打个电话。
⑹用于建议、命令等的从句中，构成虚拟语气
We demanded that our wages should be raised.
我们要求提高工资。
It is suggested that he should go there by air.
建议他乘飞机去那里。
My suggestion is that we should send a few people to help them.
我建议派几个人去帮助他们。
⑺在It is necessary/ important/strange that…中：
谓语动词常用should + do, 或只用动词原形，构成虚拟语气
如：
It is necessary that he should be sent there at once.
派他马上去那上必要的。
⒏ought to
⑴ought to 和should差不多，都表"应当"，在很多情况下可通用，但也有细微的差别：在表示因责任、义务等该做的事情时，常用ought to ，在表示某件事宜于做时，多用should.
We ought to /should help each other.
我们应当互相帮助。
You shouldn't/ oughtn't to talk like that.
你不应那样谈话。
You are his father. You ought to take care of him.
你是他父亲，应当管他。
⑵表推测，暗含很大的可能
If we start now, we ought to be able to get there in time.
如果我们现在动身，我们应当能准时到达。
Ask Peter. He ought to know.
问彼得吧，他应当知道。
⑶ought to + have +过去分词　　表过去本应做但实际上没做的事
oughtn't to + have +过去分词　　表示过去本不该做但实际上做了事
I ought to have written him a letter.
我本应给他写封信。（实际上没写）
I oughtn't to have written him a letter.
我本不该给他写信。（实际上写了）
★表示推测的情态动词用法归纳：
⒈肯定句中：
must (一定)，may (可能)，might/could (也许，或许) 其语气的肯定程度依次递减。其中，might 和could并非过去时态，只是语气较为委婉或可能性较小
⑴对当前行为、情况或状态的推测：
must /may /might /could + do/be
如：
He must/may/might/could be in the reading room.
他肯定/可能/也许在阅览室里。
I must look funny in this hat.
我戴这顶帽子看起来一定很滑稽。
⑵对此时此刻正在进行的动作的推测：
must /may/ might/ could + be doing　　想必/可能正在…
如：
He must /may/ might/ could be watching TV at this time.
他此时一定/可能/或许在看电视。
They must be waiting for us.
他们肯定在等着我们。
⑶对过去发生的事情的推测：
must /may /might /could + have +过去分词　　想必/可能已经…
如：
They must have arrived by now.
现在他们肯定已到了。
You look very tired. You must have stayed up last night.
看上去你很疲劳，你昨晚一定熬夜了。
You may have read about it in the papers.
你可能在报上已读到这件事了。
⑷过去的一段时间内一直在进行的动作：
must/may /might/ could + have + been +doing　　想必/可能一直在…
如：
They are sweating all over. They must have been working in the fields.
他们浑身是汗，准是在地里劳动来着。
He may have been waiting for us for an hour.
他可能等我们一小时了。
⒉否定句中：
can/could not　　不可能，想必不会
may/might not　　可能不
⑴对当前行为、情况或状态的推测：
can/could not　　+　　动词原形　　不可能，想必不会
may/might not 　　+　　动词原形　　可能不
如：
He may not be busy now.
也许他现在不忙。
He can not be busy now.
他现在一定不忙。
He can't be in the reading room. I saw him on the playground just now.
他不可能在阅览室里，我刚看到他在操场上。
⑵对此时此刻正在进行的动作的推测：
can/could not + be doing　　不可能，想必不会在干某事
may/might not + be doing　　可能没在干某事
如：
They can't be telling the truth.
他们不可能在说真话。
They may not be telling the truth.
他们可能没在说真话。
⑶对过去发生的事情的推测：
can/could not + have +过去分词　　不可能，想必不会做过某事
may/might not + have +过去分词　　可能没干过某事
如：
He can't have finished the work so soon.
这项工作他不可能完成得这样快。
He may not have achieved all his aims. But his effort is a good one.
他可能没达到他的全部目的，但他还是认真做了努力的。
⑷过去的一段时间内一直在进行的动作：
can't /couldn't/may not have been doing　　
如：
He can't have been waiting for us so long.
他不可能等我们那么长时间。
⒊疑问句中：
常用can/could来表示说话人的猜疑、怀疑或不肯定的语气
⑴对当前行为、情况或状态的推测：
can/could + 主语+ do/be
如：
Where can he be now
他现在会在哪里呢？
Can it be true
那会是真的吗？
⑵对此时此刻正在进行的动作的推测：
can/could +主语+ be doing
如：
It's so late. Can Tom be reading
这么晚了，汤姆还在看书吗？
What can he be doing
他可能在做什么呢？
⑶对过去发生的事情的推测：
can/could +主语+have done
如：
Can she have told a lie
她会不会说谎了？
Where can she have gone
她会上哪儿去了呢？
高考预测题：
1. We have plenty of time. We _______ run so fast.
A. mustn't　　B. needn't　　C. have to　　D. must
2. Where _______ my sister wait for you In the classroom
A. need　　B. shall　　　　C. may　　D. can
3. _______ you please tell me the way to the library
A. Would　　B. Should　　　　C. Must　　D. Need
4. He didn't go to the library last Sunday, or I _____ him.
A. would see　　B. could meet　　C. might have seen　　D. might see
5. ----Do you have to leave now
----I'm sorry, but I really______.
A. can't　　B. have　　C. should　　D. must
6. The classroom is empty. They _____ be reading there now.
A. mustn't　　　　B. can't　　　　C. must　　　　D. should
7. ----Remember to attend the meeting.
----I ___________.
A. do　　　　　　B. will　　　　C. can't　　　　D. would
8. ----I was waiting for you this time yesterday.
----Sorry, I _______ you to tell you that I couldn't come.
A. must have called　　
B. would have been calling
C. could have been calling
D. should have called
9. We ______ not to make so much noise in the lab.
A. need　　B. dare　　C. can　　　　D. ought
10. You _____ have come here yesterday, ______ you
A. mustn't , did
B. couldn't, has
C. must, haven't
D. must, didn't
11. Whenever I was not at home, my child ______watch TV.
A. will　　B. would　　　　C. were to　　　　D. were going to
12. ----He must have gone to dining-room.
----No, he _______. I saw him on the playground just now.
A. mustn't　　B. needn't　　C. couldn't　　　　D. hadn't
13. The girl _______ a tree.
A. dares not climb
B. dares not to climb
C. dare not to climb
D. doesn't dare to climb
14. ----My goodness. I just missed the train.
----That's to bad. I am sure you ______ it, if you had hurried.
A. could have caught　　B. had caught　　C. could catch　　D. could caught
15. He left yesterday, so he _______ in Beijing.
A. may arrive　　B. may have arrived　　C. must arrive　　D. arrives
16. Since she is angry, we _______.
A. had better to leave her alone
B. should leave her alone
C. might as well leave her alone
D. must leave her alone
17. Why _____ you always interrupt me
A. can　　　　B. will　　　　C. may　　　　D. must
18. She quickened her pace in order that she _____ with the others.
A. may catch up　　　　　　　B. might catch up　　
C. could have caught up 　　　D. might have caught up
19. You have cut the material in the wrong place. It ought ______ just here but it wasn't.
A. to cut　　B. to be cut　　C. to be cutting　　　　D. to have been cut
20. ----Could I use your pen
----Of course you ______.
A. can　　　　　　B. could　　　　C. may　　　　D. mustn't
21. We needn't ________ to the dinner but we wanted to help Mary, so we went.
A. have gone　　B. go　　　　C. to go　　　　D. went
22. We'll get someone to take good care of the old grandpa. You _____ worry about him.
A. haven't to　　　　B. don't have to　　　　C. can't　　　　D. will not
23. _______ it be true that Albert passed the test in geography
A. May　　　　B. Should　　　　C. Could　　　　D. Would
24. Her eyes were red. She ______.
A. must cry　　B. must be cried　　C. may cry　　D. must have been crying
25. He must be from the north, _______ he
A. mustn't　　　　B. needn't　　　　C. isn't　　　　D. may not
26. Because the girl took up rigorous training, she _____ swim across the river.
A. was able to　　B. can　　C. could　　　　D. will
27. If he _____ come to the party on my birthday, I will be very happy.
A. must　　　　B. should　　C. will　　　　D. ought to
28. It is strange that they ______ go there.
A. can　　　　B. should　　　　C. would　　　　D. have to
29. ----_______ he open the window
----Yes, please.
A. Shall　　　　B. Will　　　　C. Can　　　　D. Would
30. They demanded that they _____ have a rest.
A. must　　　　B. would　　　　C. should　　D. might
答案与提示：
1. B　　题意为：我们有足够的时间，我们没必要跑这么快。
2. B　　题意为：让我妹妹在哪里等你呢？在教室里吗？在疑问句中，当主语是第一或第三人称时，我们可以用情态动词shall表示征求对方意见。其他三个选项仅表示"可能性或必要性"。
3. A　　情态动词would 能用来表示说话人向对方提出请求或询问，语气比will婉转的多。题意为：您能告诉我去图书馆怎么走吗。
4. C　　情态动词加完成时表示对过去的事情的推测。"他上周一没去图书馆，否则我可能就看到他了"。
5. D　　回答have to的疑问句，可以用must做肯定回答。A、C两项所答非所问，B项缺to。
6. B　　对进行的动作进行推测，用情态动词+be doing，否定推测时用can't , 而不能用mustn't, mustn't表示"不准"的意思。
7. B　　will情态动词，表"会的，一定的"，对上文要求给予肯定答复；I do是对一般现在时的动作的疑问句做肯定回答，与本题不符；关于C，做否定回答时，要先说sorry；D项的时态不对。
8. D　　should have done sth. 表示"本应当…"，指过去实际上没做的事情。must have done sth. 表示推测，"肯定做过某事"。
9. D　　dare和need 后面有not, 说明它们此处是情态动词，而not后面又有to ,所以若填A是错误的。Can也是情态动词，也不应加不定式。选B含义不对。
10. D　　表推测的must句之反意疑问句要对其实意动词提问。A项应排除，理由是mustn't 不用于表推测，C项不选，是因为反意疑问句的时态不对，因为有时间状语yesterday. ，故主句是对过去的事情推测，B项的反意疑问句也不应用完成时。
11. B　　would有时用来表示过去反复或经常发生动作。be to do sth. 表按计划要做某事。be going to do sth. 表示打算或即将要做。
12. C　　第一句中用的是must加完成时，表示对过去事情的推测，答句中也应按上文思路，用couldn't表示否定的推测，A项不用于推测。
13. D　　dare 作情态动词时没有人称的变化，所以A和B选项不对。C项中的dare是情态动词，其后不能接to。
14. A　　could have done 表示过去本来能做到而实际上没做的事。
15. B　　推测过去的动作用"情态动词+have done" ,所以A、C项不对。
16. C　　might as well 习惯搭配"还是…的好"，"不妨…"；A项中的had better后面不应用to。
17. D　　must 表示与说话人愿望相反或不耐烦，"偏偏"。
18. B　　might 用于目的状语从句中，此时其后面不能接完成时。
19. D　　通过"it wasn't"可知这是在谈论过去的事情，ought to have done 表示"过去本应做而实际上没做的事情"。
20. A　　Could I …？表示请求，语气婉转，但回答时不用could, 应用can。
21. A　　needn't have done 表示本来不必做而实际上做了。通过"so we went"判断我们去了。
22. B　　通过"We'll get someone to take good care of the old grandpa. "可知"你不必担心他"，don't have to =needn't "不必"。
23. C　　can/could可用于疑问句表示推测。Would, should 和may都不能用于疑问句表推测。
24. D　　must have been doing 表示推测在过去的一段时间内在进行的动作。由"Her eyes were red. "可知是谈论过去的时间内她在哭。
25. C　　must在句中表示推测，此时的反意疑问句中不能用mustn't。
26. A　　在表示过去实现了某一种具体能力，做某件事情成功了的时候，用be able to ，而不能用could。
27. C　　在条件状语从句中，will作情态动词，表示"意愿"。
28. B　　在It is necessary/ important/strange that…中谓语动词常用should + do, 或只用动词原形，构成虚拟语气。
29. A　　shall用于第一、第三人称疑问句，表示说话人征询对方意见或请求指示。
30. C　　在demand, suggest, order等表示建议、要求等的从句中，用should +动词原形，构成虚拟语气。
PAGE
14高考专题复习:情态动词考点透视
命题特点
　　考点点击：情态动词主要用来表示说话人的看法、态度等，它是英语动词中最难把握的一类，也是每年高考必考内容。
命题热点：为情态动词的基本用法辨析，情态动词表示态度的用法辨析，情态动词表示推测的用法辨析，情态动词在虚拟语气中的运用。
　　考查形式：主要体现在听力理解、单项填空和完形填空中。下面就近几年来高考试题中出现的情态动词的考点进行归纳分析，以便同学们复习掌握。
典例精析
　　一、考查情态动词的基本用法
　　一些常见情态动词的非常用意义往往为高考考查的焦点，考生须确切理解其含义并根据句子意思选择正确的情态动词。
　　例1：“The interest ______be divided into five parts, according to the agreement made by
　　both sides.” declared the judge. (2004重庆)
　　A. may B. should C. must D. shall
　　例2：— The room is so dirty. ______ we clean it
　　— Of course. (2003北京春)
　　A. Will B. Shall C. Would D. Do
　　分析：上述两题均考查 shall的非常用含义，当shall用于一、三人称疑问句中时，表示征求对方意见；用于二、三人称陈述句中，表示说话人给对方的命令、警告、允诺或威胁等。上述三题答案分别为D、B。
　　例3：He’s strange -- he ____ sit for hours without saying anything.
　　A. shall B. will C. can D. must
　　分析：will用来谈习惯和特性，尤其是不受时限必然发生的情况。本句意思为“他很怪，能一坐几个小时一句话也不说”。答案为B。
　　例4：John, look at the time. _______ you play the piano at such a late hour？(2005全国Ⅲ)
　　A. Must B. Can C. May D. Need
　　例5：Tom, you _____leave all your clothes on the floor like this！(2005全国II)
　　A. wouldn’t B. mustn’t C. needn’t D. may not
　　分析：must用于疑问句，表示责备、抱怨的感彩，意思为“偏要，硬要、干嘛”；而mustn’t则表示禁止、不允许，是说话人强有力的劝告。故答案分别为A、B。
　　例6：You can’t imagine that a well-behaved gentleman _____ be so rude to a lady. (2001上海)
　　A. might B. need C. should D. would
　　分析：在某些名词性从句中，should 表示惊异、意外等情绪，常译为“竟然”。答案分别为C。如：It seems unfair that this should happen to me. 真不公平，这件事竟然发生在我身上。
　　例7：_____it rain tomorrow, the meeting would be put off.
　　A. Should B. Would C. Could D. Must
　　分析：在条件状语从句中，should 表示“万一”，即可表示不能实现的假设，又可表示可以实现的假设。该句意思为“万一明天下雨，会议就延期。”答案为A。
　　例8：A left-luggage office is a place where bags ____ be left for a short time, especially at a railway station. (2003全国卷)
　　A. should B. can C. must D. will
　　例9：The World Wide Web is sometimes jokingly called the World Wide Wait because it ______be very slow. (2005浙江)
　　A. should B. must C. will D. can
　　分析：can 表示推测时常用于疑问和否定句中，用于肯定句中常常表示理论上的可能性，用来表达事件或情况可能发生(但并不牵涉到是否真的会发生)。故答案分别为B、D。
　　二、考查情态动词的推测用法
　　1、对现在或客观事实的推测
　　对现在或客观事实的肯定推测一般用must, will, should, may(might)或could，语气依次递减。
　　例10：Helen _____go on the trip with us but she isn’t quite sure yet. (2005安徽)
　　A. shall B. must C. may D. can
　　例11：—I’ve taken someone else’s green sweater by mistake.
　　—It ___ Harry’s. He always wears green. (2005广东)
　　A. has to be B. will be C. mustn’t be D. could be
　　例12：That, I think, ____ be all that I want to say.
　　A. can B. could C. will D. ought to
　　分析：must的语气最强，译为“肯定”、“准是”、“想必是”；should的语气次之，译为“很可能”、“应该”，指按常理推测；may(might)译为“也许、大概”，表示把握不大的推断，后面常跟but。could的语气最弱，译为“也许”、“可能”。答案分别为C、D、C。
　　对现在或客观事实的否定推测，常用cannot译为“根本不可能”、“想必不会”，表示推测的语气非常肯定, may not, might not或could not译为“可能不”、“也许不”，表示推测的语气不很肯定。
　　例13：You might just as well tell the manufacturer that male customers ______ not like the design of the furniture.(2004上海春)
　　A. must B. shall C. may D. need
　　例14：--Isn’t that Ann’s husband over there
　　--No, it _______ be him ---I’m sure he doesn’t wear glasses. (2004全国Ⅰ)
　　A. can’t B. must not C. won’t D. may not
　　分析：在例13中，might just as well表示“最好……，还是……为好”，说明喜欢的可能性不大，故用may not。例14，根据后面的I’m sure可以看出，推测的语气较强，故用can’t译为“根本不可能”、“想必不会”，表示惊异、怀疑的感彩，常用于否定语气较强时。答案分别为C、A。
　　对现在或客观事实的疑问推测，往往用can或could，而不用may/might。
　　例15：Mr. Bush is on time for everything. How ______ it be that he was late for the opening ceremony？(2001上海春)
　　A. can B. should C. may D. must
　　分析：对现在或客观事实的疑问推测，往往用can或could，表示惊异、怀疑、困惑、失望等感彩。答案为A。
　　2、对过去事实的推测
　　对过去已发生事情的肯定推测常用 “must/may/might +have + v-ed”，“must+ have + v-ed”意思为“想必、准是、一定是”，语气非常肯定且只能用于肯定句，“may/might+ have + v-ed” 意思为“也许、或许”表示推测的把握不大，只能用于肯定或否定句，不用于疑问句；对过去的否定推测常用 “can/could /may’might not + have + v-ed”，意思为“不可能/可能没做过……”；对过去的疑问推测只用“can/could + have + v-ed”，意思为“可能已经……”。
　　例16：He _______ have completed his work; otherwise, he wouldn’t be enjoying himself by seaside. (2005北京)
　　A. should B. must C. wouldn’t D. can’t
　　分析：根据后一分句判断，前一分句应该表示肯定完成了工作，故用“must+ have + v-ed”意思为“想必、准是、一定是”，语气非常肯定且只能用于肯定句。答案为B。
　　例17：My sister met him at the Grand Theatre yesterday afternoon, so he _____ your lecture.(2000上海)
　　A. couldn’t have attended B. needn’t have attended
　　C. mustn’t have attended D. shouldn’t have attended
　　分析：must表推测时，不用于否定，needn’t have +v-ed 表示“本来没有必要”，shouldn’t have +v-ed表示“本来不应该”，“can/could not + have + v-ed” 意思为“不可能做过……”。故答案为A。
　　例18：--Do you know where David is I couldn’t find him anywhere.
　　-- Well. He ______ have gone far----his coat’s still here.(2005湖北)
　　A. shouldn’t B. mustn’t C. can’t D. wouldn’t
　　分析：can’t have gone far 在此表示现在对过去所发生事情的否定推测，意思为“现在不可能走远了”；答案为C。
　　三、考查情态动词的虚拟用法
　　例19：—I’ll tell Mary about her new job tomorrow.
　　--You________ her last week. (2004福建)
　　A. ought to tell B. would have told C. must tell D. should have told
　　分析：对过去发生事情的责备或遗憾应用“情态动词+have + v-ed”，据此可排除答案A、C，而would+have +v-ed常用于过去的虚拟语气中，should(ought to)+ have + v-ed”表示本应该做某事而实际上没有做，含有责备的含义。其否定式表示某种行为不该发生但却发生了。故答案为D。
　　例20：He paid for a seat, when he ______ have entered free. (2005山东)
　　A. could B. would C. must D. need
　　分析：“could+ have + v-ed” 用于肯定句中，表示本来能够做成某事的但结果没能做成，含有遗憾的意味，侧重有能力而没能做成。该句意思为：“他花钱买了座位，而他本来可以免费进去的”。答案为A。
　　例21：You should not have swum in that river. You ____ have been eaten by fish.
　　A. must B. may C. will D. might
　　分析：前一分句的should not have swum表示责备，后一分句则表明有被鱼吃掉的可能性。“might+ have + v-ed” 用于肯定句中，表示本来有可能做成某事但结果没能做成，含有遗憾的意味，侧重有某种可能性但没能做成。
　　例22：—Catherine, I have cleaned the room for you.
　　—Thanks. You ______ it. I could manage it myself. (2005福建)
　　A. needn’t do B. needn’t have done C. mustn’t do D. shouldn’t have done
　　分析：“needn’t+ have + v-ed” 表示本来不必做某事而实际上做了某事，无批评责备之意，只是惋惜而已。如You needn’t have watered the flowers, for it is going to rain.你本不需要浇花的，因为天就要下雨了。答案为B。
　　备考建议
　　掌握情态动词的基本词义及其用法是把握情态动词的关键，同时要认真比较每个情态动词的用法，注意其细微差别，如shall, can, must, should, will的用法差异；熟悉每个情态动词的适用场合，根据语境及说话人的语气选择恰当的情态动词，如用于推测时，must只用于肯定句中，can一般不能用于肯定句中。may/might不能用于疑问句中；牢记情态动词表示推测的用法，尤其是对过去发生情况的推测；积累虚拟语气的用法，尤其是一些句势和特殊情况。
　　06年展望
　　随着高考命题改革的深入，命题的角度和思路都在翻新，但不管怎样变化，还是脱离不了词的基本词义、词与词在使用上的细微差别和基本的语法框架。通过对近几年高考情态动词考点的分析、探究，可以看出高考对情态动词的考查非常稳定，即情态动词的基本用法和推测用法。高考考点的 “稳定性”告诉我们：高考英语命题是有规律的，不仅有规律，而且有很强的规律性。在复习迎考过程中，不仅要认真准备书本上成百上千的知识点(这是基础)，但更重要的还要去研究历届高考试题中的重要考点(这是捷径)，提高复习效率。
情态动词考点透视
　　练兵场
　　1. Has it been warned that all the children in this area ____ stay at their homes until the Bird Flu has been controlled
　　A. can B. willl C. may D. shall
　　2. I told Sally how to get here, but perhaps I ____ for her.
　　A. had to write it out B. must have written it out
　　C. should have written it out D. ought to write it out
　　3. Jack _____ yet, otherwise he would have telephoned me.
　　A. mustn’t have arrived B. shouldn’t have arrived
　　C. can’t have arrived D. needn’t have arrived
　　4. Sir, you ______be sitting in this waiting room. It is for women and children only.
　　A. mustn’t B. can’t C. won’t D. needn’t
　　5. The driver has drunk too much wine and dangerous things _____ happen at any time.
　　A. should B. can C. must D. need
　　6. — Is John coming by train
　　— He should, but he _____ not. He likes driving his car.
　　A. must B. can C. need D. may
　　7. It has been announced that candidates _______ remain in their seats until all the papers have
　　been collected.
　　A. can B. will C. may D. shall
　　8. Why did you throw the bottle out of the window You ____ somebody.
　　A. might hurt B. could have hurt C. would hurt D. must have hurt
　　9. —Don’t forget to come to my birthday party tomorrow.
　　—_______.
　　A. I don’t B. I won’t C. I can’t D. I haven’t
　　10. I didn’t see her in the meeting-room this morning. She ______ at the meeting.
　　A. mustn’t have spoken B. shouldn’t have spoken
　　C. needn’t have spoken D. couldn’t have spoken
　　11.—Summer Holiday is drawing near. Are you going home for the holiday
　　—I haven’t decided yet. I ______ go home, but it depends on the weather.
　　A. must B. need C. may D. will
　　12. This couple had been separated twenty years, you _____imagine how happy they were when they met again.
　　A. might B. will C. can D. must
　　13. We ______last night, but we went to the concert instead.
　　A. must have studied B. might study
　　C. should have studied D. would study
　　14. She _____ listen to records, alone in her room for hours. We just won’t interrupt her, for we know this is her usual way to stay in peace.
　　A. might B. must C. will D. should
　　15. -–Well done, Tom!
　　-- Thanks, but given me more time, I ___ it much better.
　　A. shouldn’t have done B. should have done
　　C. might not do D. could have done
　　1-5 DCCAB 6-10 DDBBD 11-15CCCCD情态动词练习
1. Sorry I`m late . I ____ have turned off the alarm clock and gone back to sleep again.
A. might B. should C. can D. will
2. My sister met him at the Grand Theater yesterday afternoon, so he ___ your lecture.
A. couldn`t have attended B. needn`t have attended
C.mustn`t have attended D. shouldn`t have attended
3. Jack ____ yet , otherwise he would have telephoned me.
A. musn`t have arrived B. shouldn`t have arrived C. can`t have arrived
D. need not have arrived
4. I was really anxious about you . You _____ home without a word .
A. mustn`t leave B. shouldn`t have left C. couldn`t have left D. needn`t leave
5. I told Sally how to get here, but perhaps I ____ for her.
A. had to write it out B. must have written it out C. should have written it out
D. ought to write it out
6. Is John coming by train ----He should , but he ____ not . He likes driving his car.
A. must B. can C. need D. may
7. I hear you`ve got a set of valuable Australian coins. _____ I have a look.
Yes , certainly.
A. Do B. May C. Shall D .Should
8. Mr Bush is on time for everything. How ____ it be that he was late for the opening ceremony
A. can B. should C. may D . must
9. Are you coming to Jeff`s party ----- I`m not sure . I ____ go to the concert instead.
A. must B. would C. should D. might
10. I should have been there , but I ____ not find the time.
A. would B. could C. might D. should
11. Johnny, you ______ play with the knife , you _____ hurt yourself.
A. won`t ; can`t B. mustn`t ; may C. shouldn`t ; must D. can`t ; shouldn`t
12. Will you stay for lunch ---- Sorry , ______. My brother is coming to see me.
A. I mustn`t B. I can`t C. I needn`t D . I won`t
13. Could I borrow your dictionary -----Yes , of course you _____.
A. might B. will C. can D. should
14. When can I come for the photos I need them tomorrow afternoon.
They ____ be ready by 12:00.
A. can B. should C. might D. need
15. The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone _____ get out.
A. had to B. would C. could D. was able to
16. Shall I tell John about it
----No, you _____ . I`ve told him already.
A. needn`t B. wouldn`t C. mustn`t D. shouldn`t
17.You must just as well tell the manufacturer that male customers ____ not take the design of the furniture.
A. must B. shall C. may D. need
18. ----Isn`t that Ann`s husband over there
----No, it _____ be him--- I`m sure he doesn`t wear glasses.
A. can`t B. must not C. won`t D. may not
19. ---- Who is the girl standing over there
---- Well, if you ____ know, her name is Mabel.
A.may B. can C. must D. shall
20. Children under 12 years of age in that country ____ be under adult supervision when in
public library.
A. must B. may C. can D. need
21. “The interest ____ be divided into five parts, according to the agreement made by both sides,” declared the judge.
A. may B. should C. must D. shall
22. ---There were already five people in the car but they managed to take me as well .
---It ____ a comfortable journey.
A. can`t be B. shouldn`t be C. mustn`t have been D. couldn`t have been
23. --- Is John coming by train
---He should , but he ___ not . He likes driving his car.
A. must B. can C. need D . may
24. I wish to go home now, ____ I
A. may B. can`t C. must D. do
25. He must have finished his homework for a long time , ____ he
A. mustn`t B. didn`t C. needn`t D. hasn`t
26. A wise man ____ sometimes make a mistake.
A. may B. must C. would D. can
27. ---- _____ he ____ already ----He _____, for he is always in good manner.
A. Could; have left ; can`t have left B. Could ; have left; couldn`t have left
C. May; have left ; may not have left D. Must ; have left ; needn`t have left
28. I talked for a long time, and in the end I _____ make her believe me.
A. could B. can C. must D. was able to
29. How ____ there be such a thing
A. may B. can C. must D. will
30. ----What do you think of the food here
Oh, wonderful ! We ____ a better place.
A. won`t find B. mustn`t have found C. can`t find D . couldn`t have found
31. I ____ sit up all night , and that was harmful to my health.
A. should B. used to C. was used to D. got used to
32. There ____ an inn at the foot of the hill.
A. used to be B. used to have C. would be D . got used to having
33. He ___ have the book when I finish reading it .
A. will B. shall C. must D .ought
34. It is strange that he _____ say so .
A. shall B. will C. should D. ought
35. His advice ____ not be taken.
A. was needed B. needs C. need D. is needed
36. Be quiet ,please , or his voice ____ be heard .
A. can`t B. mustn`t C. isn`t able to D . may not
37. Why _____ you always interrupt me
A. can B. will C. may D. must
38. We _____ for her because she never came .
A. needn`t wait B. shouldn`t have waited C. mustn`t wait D. mustn`t have waited
39. ----Please don`t make a noise. ---- ______. I”ll be as quiet as a mouse.
A. Yes , I won`t B. No, I won`t C. No , I will D. Yes , I will
40. If he ____ listen to me , I `ll be able to help him .
A. will B. shall C. 不填 D.should
41. If your children ____ do as I tell you, you ____ go to the party.
A. won`t ; shan`t B. 不填 ；will C. don`t ; won`t D. must ; shall
42. ---Will you open the door , please ----______
A. Will I what B. Shall I what C. What shall I D. What can I
43. He went on foot , but he ____ by bus .
A. should gone B. could have gone C. ought have gone D. could be gone
44. Man ___ die without air or water .
A. will B. shall C. should D .would
45. He _____ you more help , even though he was very busy .
A. might have given B. might give C. may have given D. may give
1----5AACB 6---10 DBADB 11—15BBCBD 16-20 ACACA 21-25DDDAD
26-30 AADBD 31-35 BABCC 36-40 ADBBA 41-45 ABBAA
PAGE
1Exercises for Modal Verb
1. _____ you ready
(A) Are (B) Have (C) Will (D) Can
2. ____ here early
(A) Will he (B) Was he (C)Did he be (D) Were he
3. I ___ happy about the price of eggs.
(A) am't (B) am not (C) do not (D) won’t
4. Since last year I____ him only once.
(A) have seen (B) have been seeing
(C)see (D) was seeing
5. Donald ___ sixteen tomorrow.
(A) is being (B) going to be (C)shall be (D) will be
6. I ___ the story at all.
(A) don't like (B) like (C) am fond of (D) would like
7. I would rather ___ than play now.
(A) to study (B)am studying (C) study (D) studied
8. I'd rather you ___ anything about it for the time being.
(A) do (B) didn't do (C)don't (D) didn't
9. The car___much money.
(A) not cost (B) not have cost
(C) isn't cost (D) didn't cost
10. I ___ like to eat fish.
(A) am (B) have (C) do (D) be
11. ___ repeat the question
(A) Shall I (B) Will I
(C)Would you like that I (D) Do you want that I
12. My teacher knows more than ___.
(A) my uncle knows (B) my uncle does
(C) they know (D) they don't know
13. He___to meet us at the station, but didn't see us.
(A) did go (B) did went (C) goes (D) had
14. Not only ____us light.
(A) does the sun give (B) the sun gives
(C) gives the sun (D) the sun does give
15. ____ you tell me what has happened
(A) May (B) Must (C) Can (D) Could
16. Anne___tomorrow.
(A) can sing (B) can to sing
(C) is going sing (D) going to sing
17. You___hand it in at once, you may hand it in tomorrow.
(A) needn't (B) may not (C) can't (D) must not
18. Tell the boy that he ___ in the river.
(A) swims (B) swim (C) swimming (D) to swim
19. Joan___play on Saturday.
(A) going to (B) can (C) is going (D) can to
20. Susan and I can go to the lecture ___.
(A) but neither can Charles (B) and so Charies can
(C) but Charles can't (D) and Charles also can
21. "That must be a mistake." "No it a mistake."
(A) must not be (B) needn't be
(C)cannot be (D) would not be
22. You ___ be more careful next time.
(A) have to (B) may (C) must (D) had to
23. I hoped ___ my letter.
(A) her to answering (B) that she would answer
(C)that she answer (D) her answering
24. What___for you
(A) shall I do (B) I may do(C) can I do (D) must I do
25. ___ I water the trees on Tuesday No, you needn't.
(A) Can (B) Must (C) May (D) Shall
26. It is high time that we lunch,
(A) have (B)had (C) would have (D) will have
27. You___to the meeting this afternoon if you have something important to do.
(A) needn't to come (B) don't need come
(C)don't need coming (D) needn't come
28. It ___ rain tomorrow.
(A) can (B) must (C) should (D) may
29. I ___finish this before I go.
(A) must (B) do (C) may (D) shall
30. The meeting begins at eight o'clock. We ____ be late.
(A) mustn't (B) needn't (C) may not (D) can not
31. ___ you be here at eight o'clock tomorrow morning
(A) Would (B)Should (C) Can (D) Could
32. It ___ be difficult to learn Japanese.
(A) shall (B) must (C) should (D) need
33. ___ I have a talk with the Party Secretary now
(A) Will (B) Did (C) May (D) Can
34. "Did your brother break the window " "He ___ have done it."
(A) will not (B) is (C) may (D) can
35. May we in the halls
(A) smoke (B) will smoke (C) to smoke (D) smoking
36. I'm not sure that I'll go to the concert. I ___ go.
(A) may (B) did (C) did not (D) am
37. Since it is already midnight, ___.
(A) had better leaving (B) ought to have leave
(C) should take our leave (D) might as well leave
38. She doesn't answer the doorbell. She___be asleep.
(A) ought to (B) might (C) must have (D) should
39. Our teacher had one strict rule. She said that all the students ___to class on time.
(A) came (B) might come
(C) must come (D) must have come
40. ___ I ask your name
(A) Can (B) Could (C) Should (D) Might
41. ____ you be happy!
(A) May (B) Can (C) Must (D) Would
42. John studied hard that he___ the examination.
(A) will pass (B) may pass (C) passes (D) would pass
43. "Must we come tomorrow " "___ .”
(A) No, you can't (B) No, you needn't
(C) o, you must (D) No, you may
44. Must I go with you No, you ___.
(A) mustn't (B) can't (C) needn't (D) may not
45. You____lesson, though we have it on Thursday.
(A) mustn't...needn't (B) needn't ...mustn't
(C) mustn't...mustn't (D) needn't... needn't
46. He___ go there.
(A) dare not (B) dare not
(C) dares not to (D) does not dare
47. "You___read that article if you don’t want to.”
(A) needn't (B) mustn’t (C)haven't (D) can’t
48. You___afraid of any difficulties.
(A) need not to be (B) need not
(C) don't need (D) need not be
49. You___see him, but I must.
(A) haven't (B) can’t (C) mustn't (D) needn’t
50. To succeed in a difficult task, ___.
(A) one needs to work hard
(B) to work hard is needed
(C) you need be a hard-working person
(D) to work hard is what one needs
51. We shall___hurry if we are going to catch the 12:00 train.
(A) must (B) need (C) necessary (D) have to
52. When the storm comes all windows ___.
(A) ought to close (B) out to be closing
(C) ought to be closed (D) ought to closed
53. It is strange that he ___ so.
(A) would say (B) would speak
(C)should say (D) will speak
54. I think you'd better___his advice and rest for a few days.
(A) to take (B) taking (C) take (D) took
55. In case I____ I would try again.
(A) will fail (B) would miss
(C) should fail (D) shall miss
56. Since the road is wet this morning, ___ last night.
(A) it must rain
(B) it must have rained
(C) it must be rained
(D) it must have been rained
57. Some people feel that handguns ___ .
(A) should control (B) should be controlled
(C) must be controlling (D) can be control
58. He asked me if he___open the window.
(A) shall (B) would (C)will (D) should
59. ____open the door for you
(A) Would you like that I (B) D0 you want that I
(C) Will I (D) Shall I
60. Everyone ___do his best for the modernization of our country.
(A) can (B) may (C) should (D) had to
61. You at once.
(A) had better to go (B) had better go
(C) had to go better (D) had better gone
62. "Do you want me to lend some money " "I wish you ___. I would pay you back next week.
(A) should (B) did (C) might (D) would
63. Look what you've ____ done! You ___ be more careful.
(A) may (B) should (C) had to (D) would
64. "Your shirt is dirty, it for you ”
(A) am I washing (B) am I going to wash
(C) will I wash (D) shall I wash
65. He ___ not pay unless he is punished to pay.
(A) shall (B) will (C) should (D) would
66. Even if he has time, he___shopping in town on Sunday.
(A) won't go (B) will go(C)won't go to(D) doesn't go
67. If only we work hard, the difficulties ____ overcome.
(A) will be(B) must be(C) should have (D) have to
68. I___such a mistake again.
(A) shall never make (B) will never make
(C)can never do (D) need never do
69. "Will you lend me the book " "Yes, I___. "
(A) will (B) shall (C) can (D) may
70. If I had time___see that new movie at the University Theater.
(A) I'll (B) I may (C) I shall (D) I'd
71. I___like to know where you were born.
(A) shall (B) should (C) could (D) may
72. I ___ it again.
(A) would like you to read
(B)would like that you read
(C) would like you reading
(D)would like you read
73. Peter___like to meet Mary.
(A) does (B) would (C) should (D) had
74. I me what happened.
(A) would like you tell
(B)would like you to tell
(C) would like you telling
(D) would like you that you tell
75. What to do when you finish your course at Leeds
(A) shall you like (B) do you like
(C) would you like (D) have you liked
76. ____to have lunch with us today
(A) Do you like (B) Would you like
(C) Will you like (D) Have you like
77. I hope you can visit my country soon, because___ to show you some of the beautiful places near my home.
(A) I like (B) I'd like (C) I will like (D) I shall like
78. My father___such a thing.
(A) cannot say (B) couldn't say
(C)may not say (D) cannot have said
79. We didn't see him at the lecture yesterday. He ____ it.
(A) mustn't attend
(B) cannot have attended
(C) would have not attended
(D) needn't have attended
80. He went on foot, but ___ by bus.
(A) might of gone (B) should gone
(C) could have gone (D) ought have gone
81. The English of this can't___it herself.
(A) have to write (B) have written
(C)had written (D) be written
82. You had better___late tomorrow afternoon.
(A) not to be (B) not be (C) being not (D) to be not
83. You___the look on his face when he won the prize.
(A) would have seen (B) can be seeing
(C) must see (D) should have seen
84. "Where are my keys I ___ lost them.”
(A) ought to (B) should have
(C) will have (D) must have
85. He___finished earlier.
(A) can have (B) ought to (C)could have(D) should
86. She ___ for yesterday'test, but she didn’t.
(A) should have studied (B) would study
(C) might be studying (D) must have studied
87. Bill said that he ____ into the city to pick up his children.
(A) will drive (B) would drive
(C)is driving (D) drives
88. He ___ breakfast at eight o'clock when he lived alone. But nowadays he it at seven.
(A)was used to have ... is having
(B) was used to having ...is having
(C) used to have ... has
(D) used to having ...was
89. ____ open the door for you
(A) Would you like that I (B) Do you want me
(C) Will I (D) Shall I
90. The light is out in her room; she ____ to bed.
(A) must have gone (B) had gone
(C) must be going (D) must go
91. They ___ that far.
(A) might be gone (B) should gone
(C) could have gone (D) ought have gone
92. You ought not to him that the day before.
(A) have told (B) tell (C) be telling (D) had told
93. What I do for you
(A) can (B) may (C) must (D) shall
94. The children ___ play outside.
(A) aren't going (B) aren’t going to
(C) not going to (D) going to
95. The doctor suggested that he ___ an operation at once.
(A) must have (B) had (C) have (D) had had
96. He___to the farm yesterday.
(A) need go (B) needed go (C)has to go (D) had to go
97. ___ to the doctor's this morning.
(A) Have you to go (B) Have you go
(C) Do you go to (D) Had you to go
98. The villagers___to fetch water from a dirty pond before liberation.
(A) could (B) must (C) had (D) might
99. In the old society Grandpa Zhou ___ to work long hours a day.
(A) was working (B) was having (C) had (D) has
100. Everybody ___ in bed.
(A) has to spend some time
(B)have to spend some time
(C) has to spend sometimes
(D)have to spend sometimes
101. The water is very cold. You'd better not ___.
(A) to swim (B) swimming (C)swim (D) swam
102. You___drive carefully. The roads are wet.
(A) had rather (B) would rather
(C) had better (D) would better
103. You___ go now. It's getting late.
(A) had rather (B) would (C)had better (D) would
104. I think we had better___him the news now.
(A) to tell (B) telling (C) told (D) tell
105. Since the bus is crowded, we ___.
(A) had better walk to home
(B) have better walk home
(C) had better walk home
(D) had better to walk home
106. "You___come in now, Mary! It's getting cold.” "I ___ go on playing in the garden."
(A) had better...had better
(B) would rather...had better
(C) had better...would rather
(D)had better...would have better
107. When I was a boy, I ___ chocolate.
(A) would like (B) was used to like
(C) should like (D) used to like
108. "Are you a film star " " ___. ”
(A) Yes, I am not (B) Yes, I was
(C) I used to be (D) I used to
109. We ___ go to the movies quite frequently.
(A) use to (B) used to
(C) were used to (D) are used to
110. I ___ have breakfast at half past seven. But now I have it at seven.
(A) used (B) used to (C) was used to (D) am used to
111. She___not walk alone in the dark.
(A) dare (B) can (C) should (I)) need
112. I tell her the truth.
(A) cannot help (B) cannot but
(C) may not help (D) could but
113. I wasn't supposed to go to the movies, but I ___ myself.
(A) cannot help (B) couldn't but
(C) had to help (D) couldn't help
114. When a friend gave Jim a ticket to the game, he ___ go.
(A) couldn't help (B) cannot but
(C) couldn't help but (D) just have to
115. Looking at my determined face, the big boy ___ pick up the fight.
(A)dares not (B) dare not
(C) doesn't dare (D) dares not to
116. He began to write two hours ago. He___have finished the article now.
(A) must (B) ought (C) ought to (D) had to
117. They asked Tom to give him a drink, and he____ .
(A) hadn't (B) wasn't (C) wouldn't (D) shouldn't
118. As the physics is hard enough, I ___ study it.
(A) cannot (B) can't
(C) am not able to (D)am not able
119. He is very strong. He will be able___for another hour.
(A) work (B) working (C) to work (D) to be worked
120. He___ live in the country than in the city.
(A) prefers (B) likes better to
(C) had better (D) would rather
1. (A) 2, (B) 3. (B) 4. (A) 5, (D)
6, (A) 7. (C) 8. (B) 9. (9) 10, (C)
31. (A) 12. (B) 13. (A) 14. (A) 15. (D)
16. (A) 17. (A) 18. (B) 19. (B) 20, (C)
21. (C) 22. (C) 23. (B) 24. (C) 25. (B)
26. (B) 27. (D) 28. (D) 29. (A) 30. (C)
31. (C) 32. (B) 33. (C) 34. (C) 35. (A)
36. (A) 37. (D) 38. (B) 39. (C) 40. (D)
41. (A) 42. (B) 43. (B) 44. (C) 45. (A)
46. (A) 47. (A) 48. (D) 49. (D) 50. (A)
51. (D) 52. (C) 53. (C) 54. (C) 55. (C)
56. (B) 57. (B) 58. (D) 59. (D) 60. (C)
61. (B) 62. (D) 63. (B) 64. (D) 65. (B)
66. (A) 67. (A) 68. (B) 69. (A) 70. (D)
71. (B) 72. (A) 73. (B) 74. (B) 75. (C)
76. (B) 77. (B) 78. (D) 79. (B) 80. (C)
81. (B) 82. (B) 83. (D) 84. (D) 85.(C)
86. (A) 87. (B) 88. (C) 89. (D) 90. (A)
91. (C) 92. (A) 93. (A) 94. (B) 95. (C)
96. (D) 97. (A) 98. (C) 99. (C) 100. (A)
101. (C) 102. (C) 103. (C) 104. (D) 105. (C)
106. (C) 107. (D) 108. (C) 109. (B) 110. (B)
111. (A) 112. (B) 113. (D) 114. (C) 115. (B)
116. (C) 117. (C) 118. (C) 119. (C) 120. (D)
1
1情态动词练习
1. He could have come to help us. But_______.
A.he didn’t B. he hasn’t C. he hadn’t D. he can’t
2. He _____ his parents about his failure in the exam.
A. dares not tell B. dares not telling C. dare not tell D. dares not to tell
3. Put on more clothes. You _____ be feeling cold with only a shirt on.
A. can B. could C. would D. must
4. --- Could I borrow your dictionary --- Yes, of course you ____.
A. might B. will C. can D. should
5. Peter ______ come with us tonight, but he isn’t very sure yet.
A. must B. may C. can D. will
6. --- Shall I tell John about it
--- No, you ______ . I’ve told him already.
A. needn’t B. wouldn’t C. mustn’t D. shouldn’t
7. I wasn’t sure whether I ____ offer to help or not.
A. should B. might C. would D. can
8. --- May I put my bike here --- No, you _____.
A. needn’t B. can’t C. mustn’t D. aren’t able
9. --- When can I come for the photos I need them tomorrow afternoon.
--- They ____ be ready by 12:00.
A. can B. should C. might D. need
10. --- _____ he start at once or wait for a while
--- Let him start at once.
A. Will B. Would C. Does D. Shall
11. --- Excuse me. Is this the right way to the Summer Palace
--- Sorry, I am not sure. But it ______ be.
A. might B. will C. must D. can
12. --- Excuse me, but I want to use your computer to type a report.
--- You ____ have my computer if you don’t take care of it.
A. shan’t B. might not C. needn’t D. shouldn’t
13. --- I don’t mind telling you what I know.
--- You ______. I’m not asking you for it.
A. mustn’t B. may not C. can’t D. needn’t
14. --- Isn’t that Ann’s husband over there
--- No. it _____ be him. I’m sure he doesn’t wear glasses.
A. can’t B. must not C. won’t D. may not
15. You _____ be tired – you’ve only been working for an hour.
A. mustn’t B. won’t C.can’t D. may not
16. Mr. White ____ at 8:30 for the meeting, but he didn’t have show up.
A. should have arrived B. should arrive C. should have had arrived D. should be arriving
17. ---There was a lot of fun at yesterday’s party.
---You ____come, but why didn’t you
A must have. B should. C need have. D ought to have
18---Will you stay for lunch
----Sorry, __ ______. My brother is coming to see me.
A I mustn’t. B I can’t C I needn’t D I won’t
19. Sorry, I’m late. I ____have turned off the alarm clock and gone to sleep again/
A might C Should C can D will
20. I should have been there, but I_____ not find the time.
A would B could C might D should
21. ---Are you coming to Jeff’s party
----I’m not sure. I _____ go to the concert instead.
A must B. would C. should D. might
22. My sister met him at the grand theatre yesterday afternoon, so he ______your lecture.
A couldn’t have attended B needn’t have attended
C mustn’t have attended D shouldn’t have attended
23. Mr. Bush is on time for everything. How ______it be that he was late for the opening ceremony
A can B should C may D must
24 I was really anxious about you. You _____ home without a word.
A mustn’t leave B shouldn’t have left
C couldn’t have left D needn’t leave
25 Oh, I’m not feeling well in the stomach. I _____so much fried chicken just now.
A. shouldn’t eat B mustn’t have eaten C shouldn’t have eaten D mustn’t eat
26 ---Is john coming by train
---- He should, but he _____not. He likes driving his car.
A must B can C need D may
27--The room is dirty. ______we clean it
---Of course.
A will B shall C would D do
28 my English-Chinese dictionary has disappeared. Who____ have taken it
A . should B must C. could D would
29 How ___ you say that you really understand the whole story if you have only part of the article
A can B must C need D.may
30. A left-luggage office is a place where bags ______ be left for a short time, especially at a railway station.
A. should B. can C. must D. will
31. You might just as well tell the manufacturer that male customers _____ not like the design of the future.
A. must B. shall C. may D. need
1--5ACDCB 6—10AACBD 11—16AADACA17—21DBABD 22—26AABCD 27—31BCABC情态动词用法讲与练
I.情态动词+have done的用法
“情态动词＋have done”是历年高考的热点，但有些同学对这一结构不甚了解。为了便于同学们学习，现将这种结构的两种主要用法借表归纳如下。
一、表示对过去情况的推测或估计
所用的句式 意义
must have done 肯定句 一定（已经）……
may ／might have done 肯定句 可能／大概（已经）……?否定句可能还没有……
can ／could have done 否定句 不可能（已经）……疑问句 可能／也许（已经）……了吗？
说明：1?might ／could有时并不是may ／ can的过去式，而是表示一种委婉的语气或更小的可能性。?2?might have done有时可用于疑问句中，此时might就相当于can ／could。
二、表示对过去所发生的事情的遗憾或责备
所用的句式 意义
should ／ought to have done 肯定句，否定句， 疑问句 本来（不） 应该……的
might／could have done 肯定句 本来能够／可以……的
need have done 否定句 本不必要……的
had better have done 肯定句，否定句， 疑问句 要是（没有）干了……就好了
would rather have done 同上 本来想做……（却未做）
说明：1．might have done有时可表示对过去发生事情的庆幸，意为“差点儿……”。如：
Didn't you see that car nearly hit me？I might have been killed．
你难道没看见那辆小车差点儿撞上了我吗？我差点就没命了。
2?要注意needn't have done与didn't need to do的差别。
He needn't have come．他本没有必要来。（实际却来了）
He didn't need to come．他没有必要来。（实际也没来）
同学们在做有关“情态动词＋have done”练习时，在掌握这一结构的两种基本用法的同时，还要仔细体会题干所提供的语言信息，准确理解语言环境和说话人的含意，尤其要注意题干中时态给予的暗示。
巩固练习：（练习题均为高考题）
1．—I stayed at a hotel while in New York．?—Oh，did you？You ____ with Barbara．
A．could have stayed B．could stay?C．would stay D．must have stayed
2．I didn't see her in the meeting room this morning．She ____?at the meeting．
A．mustn't have spoken B．shouldn't have spoken?
C．needn't have spoken D．couldn't have spoken?
3．He ____?you more help，even though he was busy．
A．might have given B．might give?C．may have given?D．may give
4．—I saw our teacher in the office just now．?—You ____?her，she is still abroad．
A．can't have seen B．mustn't have seen?C．needn't have seen D．shouldn't have seen
5．Kate is already two hours late．What ____ to her？
A．can have happened B．may have happened?C．should have happened D．must have happened
6．We ____?last night，but we went to the concert instead．
A．must have studied B．might study?C．should have studied D．would study
7．There was plenty of time．She ____ ．
A．mustn't have hurried?B．couldn't have hurried?C．mustn't hurry?D．needn't have hurried?8．Yesterday，Jane walked away from the discussion．Otherwise，she ____?something she would regret later．
A．had said?B．said C．might say?D．might have said
9．—Did you scold him for his mistake？?—Yes，but ____?it．
A．I'd rather not do B．I'd better not do
C．I'd better not have done D．I'd rather have not done
10．Sorry，I'm late．I ____?have turned off the alarm clock and gone back to sleep again．
A．might?B．should C．can?D．will
II. 情态动词难点透视
英语中的情态动词虽然为数不多，但是要掌握好它们的用法并不容易。本文结合同学们在使用情态动词时不易掌握的难点谈几点看法。
1.can表示可能性时，指的是理论上的可能，它通常不用来表示某事实际发生的可能性或真实性。如：
Accidents can happen．Anybody can make mistakes．
如果我们要表达某事发生的实际可能性，要用may,could或might等。
We may spend our summer holidays in Hangzhou this year．
Will you answer the telephone﹖ It could／may／might be your mother．
2.could用来征求意见时，语气要比can委婉，但在回答问题时我们不能用could,因为语气委婉，可能性就变小了。如：
—Could I use your telephone﹖?—Yes, please go ahead．
3.在过去时态的肯定句中需要某种条件或努力做成某事，我们要用was／were able to而不能用could。如：
It was a holiday and the children were able to go to the seaside．
The girl worked hard?so she was able to pass the final test．
4．must与have to都可以表示“必须”的意思，但要注意以下两点区别。
1) must只有现在时，而have to有现在时、过去时和将来时。如：
We must work hard, or we’ll fail in the examination．
Two years ago, the poor girl had to leave school for lack of money．
2) must表示主观看法，have to则侧重于客观需要。如：
We must be strict with ourselves in everything．
In cities with many cars, some people have to wear masks．
5．must表示推测时，其反意问句有好几种形式。
1) “must＋动词原形”对目前的情况进行推测时以及用must＋be＋-ing形式对目前正在发生的情况进行推测时，疑问短语部分要与must之后的动词相一致。如：
The mathematics teacher must be in the office now, isn’t he﹖
2) “must＋have＋过去分词”用来表示对已经发生的事情进行推论。如果句子中有过去的时间状语，疑问部分用助动词didn’t?否则，疑问部分用haven’t或hasn’t。如：
The children must have watered the tomatoes yesterday, didn’t they﹖
The minister must have arrived in Shanghai, hasn’t he﹖
6．shall可以用来征求对方意见。用于第一、三人称。此外它也可以用来表示说话人的命令、警告、允诺、威胁或决心等，这时它用于第二、三人称。如：
Shall she go to the concert with us this evening﹖ (征求意见)?
You shall go to the front at once．(命令)?
Don’t worry．You shall get the answer this very afternoon．
（允诺）?He shall be sorry one day．I tell you．(警告)?
Nothing shall stop us from fighting against pollution．?(决心)?
7．在表示将来的时间、条件状语从句中，不能用will（这时的will不是情态动词，而是助动词，帮助构成将来时）。如：
If it will rain tomorrow, we shall not go to the mountain village．(误)?
If it rains tomorrow, we shall not go to the mountain village．(正)?
当情态动词will表示意愿或决心时，是可以用于条件状语从句的。如：
If you will listen to me, I’ll give you some advice on how to learn English．
如果你愿意听我的话，我将给你提点学习英语的建议。
If you will come this way，the manager will meet you．
请您往这边走，经理现在要见你。
8．should除表示必要或义务外，还可表示推测或可能。如：
The American friends should be here now．
“should／ought to＋have＋过去分词”既可表示本该做而事实上没有做的事，也可以表示惊讶、赞叹等情绪。如：
You should have told her about it the day before yesterday．
It’s wonderful that you should have achieved so much in these years．
“情态动词＋have＋过去分词”是很重要的一种句型，除should外，may, might, must, couldn’t, needn’t, ought to等都可以用于这一句型，但要注意?使用不同的情态动词?句子的意思就有所不同。
9．ought to与should意思接近，大多数情况下二者可以互换，但是should谈的是自己的主观看法，ought to则更多反映客观情况，在谈到法律、义务和规定时使用。如：
We should／ought to help each other and learn from each other in our work．
She is your mother, so you ought to support her．
We ought to go and see Mary tomorrow, but I don’t think we will．
10．need，用作情态动词，仅用于否定句和疑问句，而不用于肯定句。在肯定句中要用must, have to, should, ought to或将need当作行为动词使用。如：
We need report the matter to the boss immediately．(误)?
We must report the matter to the boss immediately．（正）
We need to report the matter to the boss immediately．（正）
Dare的用法也一样。
dare 与need 的用法
1).dare作为情态动词,主要用于疑问句,否定句和条件从句中,一般不用于肯定句.
a. How dare you say I’m unfair
b. He daren’t speak English before such a crowd, dare she
c. If he dare break the rule , he will be punished .
2).need表示”需要”或”必须”,作情态动词用时,仅用于否定句或疑问句. 条件从句中。“有…必要”。在肯定句中一般用must, have to, ought to或should代替.
a. You needn’t come so early.
b. --Need I finish the work today ??---Yes, you must./ No , you needn’t .
c. If you need go there , please let me know .
3).dare和need常用作实义动词,有时态,人称和数的变化。所不同的是,在肯定句中,dare 后面通常接带to的不定式; 在否定和疑问句中, dare后可接带to或不带to的不定式.
a .I dare to swim across the river??? b .He doesn’t dare (to) answer.
C .We need time and money.
d .The dining room needs / wants / requires cleaning every day .
= The dining room needs / wants / requires to be cleaned every day .
e. Does he need to take the medicine four times a day
III.情态动词的测试热点
本阶段出现了不少“情态动词＋have＋过去分词”的句型。在此之前，同学们也学到了许多有关情态动词的用法。笔者在文中对历年来的高考试题进行了分析，指出了历年来高考试题对情态动词的测试热点，谈到了使用情态动词时应注意的相关知识，供同学们参考，以期提高同学们运用所学知识的能力。??
热点一：情态动词表示推测的用法??
情态动词must，can，could，may，might都可用来表示推测。其中，must所表示的可能性最大，最有把握，意为“一定”。注意，其否定式mustn’t表示“想必不”；表示“不可能”要用can’t或couldn’t。 may 和 might表示可能性时，主要用于肯定句中，might相对于may 来说，表示的可能性更小一些。 can和could主要用于否定句和疑问句中。
需要注意的几点:?
1.表示猜测，can一般不用于肯定句中，除非是“经验之谈”。我们在SEFC Book 2， Lesson 30中学过这样两个表示“经验之谈”的句子：?Children can often get ill suddenly．（小孩常常可能突然生博?）?Certain things in the home can be dangerous，especially if you have young children．（家里的某些东西可能有危险，尤其是有小孩的时候。）?上面两句可以看作医务工作者或抚养过孩子的人说的话，属“经验之谈”。?
2．may和might都不用于疑问句中。如：（正）Can ／Could it be cloudy tomorrow ？?（误）May ／Might it be cloudy tomorrow ？?
3．must的否定式是can't ／couldn't，不是 needn't或m ustn't。
4．would ＋V原形：想必现在／过去……；现在／过去可能……?He would be back today ／yesterday．想必他今天／昨天回来了。（他今天／昨天可能回来了。）
5．should ／ought to ＋V原形：想必现在／将来会……?The dinner should ／ought to be ready now．想必晚饭现在已备好。?He should ／ought to ring up this afternoon．想必他今天下午会打电话的。?
6．will ＋V原形：将来一定／准会……?
Try your best，and your wish will come true．尽力吧，你的理想准会实现的。?
在近年来的高考试题中，测试may和might表示可能性的频率较高，是一个热点项目。
如：??
Peter ＿＿＿＿ come with us tonight，but he isn’t very sure yet．??(NMET’93)???
A． must?????B． may????? C． can??????D． will??
简析：本题选B。本题的后半句暗示了选择答案的条件。?
Michael ＿＿＿＿ be a policeman for he’s much too short． (上海’94)???
A． needn’t???B． can’t???C． should??? D． may??
简析：本题选B。本题的后半句给出了理由。??
-Are you coming to Jeff’s party﹖??
-I’m not sure． I ＿＿＿＿ go to the concert instead．?(NMET2000)???
A． must????B． would???? C． should????D． might??
简析：本题答语部分中的“I’m not sure”暗示了说话者的语气不肯定。因而，本题应选D。?? Johnny, you ＿＿play with the knif，you ＿＿＿＿ hurt yourself．?(NMET’96)
A． won’t；can’t??B． mustn’t；may??C． shouldn’t；must? D． can’t；shouldn’t??
简析：本题应选B。第一空用mustn’t表示禁止，第二空用may表示可能。??
情态动词表示猜测的答题方法及考例精析?
解答情态动词表示猜测的试题时，一要清楚被猜测的时间，二要清楚有无客观事实根据。若有客观事实根据，则无论是肯定还是否定的猜测，猜测语气最强且符合时间要求的为最佳答案；情态动词表示猜测时语气从强到弱的顺序是：must，will，would，ought to，should，can，may，could，might。若无客观事实根据，纯凭主观臆断，则猜测语气最弱且符合时间要求的为最佳答案。如：?
1．I thought you __________ like something to read，so I have brought you some books．（MET 1986）?A．may?? B．might?C．could? D．must?
由题意可知被猜测的时间是（过去）将来，没有客观事实根据，猜测语气要求最弱，所以正确选项是B。?
2．Peter __________ come with us tonight，but he isn't sure yet．（MET 1993）?
A．must??B．may? C．can?? D．will?
由题意可知被猜测的时间是将来，没有客观事实根据，猜测语气要求最弱，所以正确选项是B。?
3．It __________ last night，for the ground was wet this morning．?
A．must have rained?B．may have rained?C．must rain?D．might rain?
由题意可知被猜测的时间是过去，有客观事实根据the ground was wet，猜测语气要求最强，所以正确选项是A。?
4．Mary __________ be in Paris，for I saw her in the town only a few minutes ago．（MET 1994）?A．mustn't???B．can't??C．shouldn't??D．may not?
由题意可知被猜测的时间是现在，有客观事实根据I saw her in the town a few minutes ago，猜测语气要求最强，所以正确选项是B（can't是m ust的否定式）。?
5.?—There were already five people in the car but they managed to take me as well．?
—It __________ a comfortable journey．（NMET 1995）?
A．can't be B．shouldn't be C．mustn't have been D．couldn't have been?
由题意可知被猜测的时间是过去，有客观事实根据there were already five people．．．take me as well，猜测语气要求最强，所以正确选项是D。?
6．-When can I come for the photos？I need them tomorrow afternoon．?
—They __________ be ready by 12：00．（NMET 1998）?
A．can??? B．should? C．might?? D．need?
由题意可知被猜测的时间是将来，有客观事实根据need them tomorrow afternoon，猜测语气要求最强，所以正确选项是B。?
7．-Are you coming to Jeff's Party？?
—I'm not sure．I __________ go to the concert instead．（NMET 2000）?
A．must???B．would? C．might?? D．should?
由题意可知被猜测的时间是将来，没有客观事实根据，猜测语气要求最弱，所以正确选项是C.
热点二：情态动词表示能力的用法??
情态动词表示能力时，一般用can／could或be able to 。be able to用于表示能力并且可用于各种时态，而can只有一般现在时和一般过去时两种时态。此外，当表示过去成功地做成了某事时，只能用was ／ were able to。如：??
A computer ＿＿＿＿＿ think for itself， it must be told what to do．(MET’91)???
A． can’t??? B． couldn’t????C． may not???D． might not??
简析：这里说明电脑不具备独立思考的能力? 故本题选A。??
The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone ＿＿＿＿get out．(NMET’97)??
A． had to??? B． would??? C． could????D． was able to??
简析：本题题意为“大火很快蔓延了整个旅馆，但全体人员都脱离了危险。”， 故本题选D。??
热点三：表示“许可”、“允许”的情态动词??
can／could? may／might都可用来表示请求允许或许可。过去式could和might常用于疑问句中，表示礼貌。回答时，常用原形can或者may，不可再用过去式could或might。如：??
-Could I borrow your dictionary﹖?(MET’92)?
-Yes, of course you ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿．??
A． might????? B． will??????C． can?????D． should??
简析：本题的前一句用could提问，表示委婉的请求。回答时，应用原形can。故本题选C。??
热点四：shall／should的用法??
shall用于第一、三人称的疑问句中，表示征求对方的意见，常译为“要某人做某事吗﹖”。shall也可用于第二、三人称的陈述句中，表示说话人的意愿，有命令、警告、决心、强制、许诺或威胁之意。研读历届高考题不难发现，should的考点主要体现在以下几个方面： 1）表示责任和义务，意为“应该”；2）表示可能性推测，意为“很可能、该”；3）用于虚拟语气中。
4)．should（not）have done结构的用法。现结合历届高考题对其用法作一归纳。?
一、“should（ought to）have done”结构意为“本来应该……”，表示过去应该做或值得做的事情而没有做到，含有后悔、埋怨、责备等意味。该结构的否定式“shouldn't（ought not to）have done”则表示过去做了不应该做的事，意为“本来不应该……却……”。例如：?
1.Jerry __________ have kept her word，I wonder why she changed her mind．（MET91）?A．must? B．should?C．need?D．would?
2.We __________ last night，but we went to the concert instead．（MET92）?
A．must have studied?B．might study?C．should have studied?D．would study?
3.I told Sally how to get there，but perpaps I __________ for her．（NMET94）?
A．had to write it out?B．must have written it out?
C．should have written it out?D．ought to write it out?
4.Tom ought not to __________ me your secret，but he meant no harm．（MET93）?
A．have told?? B．tell?C．be telling??D．having told?
5.There was a lot of fun at yesterday's party．You ______ come，but why didn't you？（99上海）?A．must?????B．should?C．need have?? D．ought to have?
6.I was really anxious about you．You __________ home without a word．（NMET2001）
A．mustn't leave?B．shouldn't have left?C．couldn't have left?D．needn't have left?
7.Oh，I'm not feeling well in the stomach．I _______so much fried chicken just now．（2002上海春季高考）?
A．shouldn't eat?B．mustn't have eaten?C．shouldn't have eaten?D．mustn't eat?
二、“should have done”结构还可以表示动作已经完成，但含有感彩，表示惊讶、惊奇等意味。意为“竟，竟然，居然”。例如：?I'm sorry that this should have happened．很遗憾，竟然发生了这种事情。?
It is wonderful that you should have achieved so much in these years．这几年你竟然取得如此大的成就，真是了不起！?
三、should也可以用来表示“推测”，意为“可能；该”。相当于be expected to。往往指具有一定的客观根据或根据推理对现在某事发生的“可能性”进行描述，语气上不如must强。若对现在正在进行的事情的推测，则用should be doing结构。例如：?
8．—Will Mr Wang offer us a hand？?
—He__________ be glad to．He never refused our request．（92上海）?
A．can??B．must? C．may? D．should?
9．—When can I come for the photos？I need them tomorrow afternoon．?
—They __________ be ready by 12：00．（NMET98）?
A．can?????B．should?C．might????D．need?
10．It's nearly seven o'clock．Jack __________ be here at any moment．（NMET95）
?A．must?B．need?C．should? D．can?
I don't think he should be sleeping now，is he？我认为他现在不可能正在睡觉，是吗？?
四、“should like／love to do sth．”结构意为“愿意／想做某事”。“should like／love to have done”结构则意为“本来想干某事，而当时却没干”。例如：?
11．Little Jim should love __________ to the theatre this evening．（MET92）?
A．to be taken? B．to take?C．being taken? D．taking?
12．I should love __________ to Professor Smith，but I didn't get any more chance．（96上海）?
A．to be introduced?B．to have been introduced?C．to have introduced?D．introducing?
He should like to have attended the evening party，but he was too busy．
他本想参加这次晚会，可是当时他太忙了。?
?五、should在虚拟语气中的运用?
1、在if引导的条件状语从句中，若表示与将来事实相反的假设，条件句的谓语动词可以用“should ＋动词原形”；若if省略， should应提到句首，构成部分倒装。例如：?
If it should snow tom orrow ，the m eet- ing would be put off．
如果明天下雪的话，运动会就会推迟。?
13．_____it rain tomorrow，we would have to put off the visit to the Yangpu Bridge．（94上海）?A．Were??B．Should??C．Would?? D．Will?
2、动词arrange（安排，筹划），command（命令，要求），demand（要求，需要），desire（要求，渴望），insist（坚决主张），order，propose（主张，提议），request，require，suggest（建议）等后跟宾语从句时，谓语动词应用“（should）＋动词原形”。例如：?
14．The guard at the gate insisted that everyone __________ the role．（MET85）?
A．obeying????B．obey?C．will obey???D．would obey?
15.Jane's face suggested that she __________ ill，and her parents suggested that she______ a medical examination．（95上海）?
A．be；should have?B．was；have?C．should be；had?D．was；has?
The doctor ordered that she（should） stay in bed for another week．
医生嘱咐她应该躺在床上再呆一周。?
He proposed that we（should）go there by plane．他主张我们应该乘飞机去那里。?
3、名词advice，idea，order，demand， plan，proposal（主张），suggestion，request等后跟表语从句或同位语从句时，其谓语动词用“（should）＋动词原形”。例如：?
We all agreed to his suggestion that we（should）go to Hangzhou for sightseeing．
我们都同意他的建议我们应该到杭州去观光旅游。?
My advice is that we（should）do more eye exercises every day．
我的建议是我们每天应该多做眼保健操。?
4、在主语从句的下列三种句型中，主句的谓语动词应用“（should）＋动词原形”。?
（1）It is necessary（important，impossible，strange，natural．．．）that．．．?
（2）It is a pity（a shame．．．）that．．．?
（3）It is suggested（requested，ordered，desired．．．）that．．．例如：?
It is necessary that we should send for a doctor．我们很有必要派人请个医生来。?
It is requested that Miss Gao（should） give a perform ance at the m eeting．
人们要求高小姐应该在大会上进行一场演出。?
It is a pity that he（should）be so careless．他竟如此粗心真是令人遗憾。?
六、should可以用来表示惊奇、惶惑、不满、惋惜、忧虑等情绪。例如：?
16.You can't imagine that a well-behaved gentleman ________be so rude to a lady．（2001上海）?A．might? B．need? C．should? D．would?
Never did he expect that the conditions should be so terrible．他从来没有料到情况竟如此可怕。?
七、should可以表示谦逊、委婉之意，意为“可……；倒……”。例如：?
Should you like to drink some beer？你是否喜欢喝点啤酒？?
He should expect their team to win the match．他倒是希望他们队能赢得这场比赛。?
八、should可以用于较强语气的假设情形中，表示“竟然；万一”之意。例如：?
If he should fail to come，ask John to go there in his place．万一他不能来就叫约翰代替他去。?
Should it blow hard，we would not go out for a picnic．万一明天刮大风，我们就无法去野餐了。?
九、should用于目的状语从句或in case引导的条件状语从句中时，相当于might，含有“会；可以”之意。例如：?They got up early so that they should catch up the first flight in time．
他们很早起床以便能及时赶上首班飞机。
He took him along with an umbrella in case it should rain．
他随身带了一把雨伞，以防天可能下雨。??
又如：??
-The room is so dirty． ＿＿＿＿＿we clean it﹖??
-Of course．???(北京2003)???
A． Will????? B． Shall??????C． Would?????D． Do?
简析：问句表示征求对方的意见，故本题选B。???
It’s nearly seven o’clock． Jack＿＿＿＿ be here at any moment．(NMET’95)???
A． must?????B． need? C． should?D． can??
简析：本题应选C。should在本题中表示推测，意为“很可能”。又如：??
-When can I come for the photos﹖ I need them tomorrow afternoon．???
-They ＿＿＿＿ be ready by 1200．?(NMET’98)???
A． can????B． should?? C． might?????D． need??
简析：本题应选B。should在本题中表示应该。???????
热点五：“情态动词＋have＋过去分词”常见句型及用法??
句型1：should (ought to) have＋过去分词??
表示过去应该做而（实际）没有做的事情。含有责备或遗憾的语气，意为“本应该……”。其否定形式为“should not／ought not to have ＋ 过去分词”。如：??
We ＿＿＿＿ last night，but we went to the concert instead．?(MET’92)???
A． must have studied??? B． might study?
C． should have studied? D． would study??
简析：本题中的一个关键词but暗示了“我们不应去听音乐会，而应学习”。故本题选C。??
句型2：needn’t have＋过去分词??
表示过去没有必要做某事, 但实际上做了某事。如：??
There was plenty of time． She ＿＿＿＿＿．?(MET’87)???
A． mustn’t have hurried???B． couldn’t have hurried??
C． must not hurry????? D． needn’t have hurried??
简析：本题的前一句暗示了一个条件，后一句则是由这个条件得出的结论。故本题选D。??
句型3：must have＋过去分词??
意为“过去一定做过某事”，表示一种很有把握的推测。注意，对过去发生情况的否定推测常用can’t／couldn’t have ＋过去分词。如：??
I didn’t hear the phone． I ＿＿＿＿＿＿asleep．?(MET’89)???
A． must be?? B． must have been??C． should be??D． should have been??
简析：本题应选B。本题的前一句说明一个结果，后一句则表示一个原因。??
I didn’t see her in the meeting room this morning．She ＿＿＿ at the meeting．(上海’91)??
A． mustn’t have spoken? B． shouldn’t have spoken??
C． needn’t have spoken??D． couldn’t have spoken???
简析：从题意上分析，本题的前一句陈述一个理由，后一句则是由前一句得出的结论。故本题选D。??
句型4：may／might have＋过去分词??
表示对过去情况的一种不太有把握的（可能性）推测，意为“或许／可能做过某事”。另外，用于虚拟语气时，通常用might。如：??
He ＿＿＿＿＿you more help? even though he was very busy． (MET’90)???
A． might have given?? B． might give???
C． may have given??? D． may give??
简析：本题应选A。全句意为“即使再忙，他也可能再多给你一些帮助的”。??
句型5：could have＋过去分词??
表示“（过去）本来可以（能够）做某事，但实际上没有做到”。如：??
-I stayed at a hotel while in New York．??
-Oh, did you﹖ You ＿＿＿＿ with Barbara．?(NMET’98)??
A． could have stayed??B． could stay??
C would stay?? D． must have stayed ?(Key: A)???????????????????????????????
情态动词专练
从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。?
1．Jenny＿＿＿＿have kept her word．I wonder why she changed her mind．(MET1992)??A．must?? B．should?? C．need?? D．would?
2．—Could I borrow your dictionary﹖?? —Yes, of course you ＿＿＿＿．?(MET1992)??A．might?? B．will?? C．can?? D．should?
3．It’s nearly seven o’clock．Jack ＿＿＿＿ be here at any moment．(NMET1995)??A．must?? B．need?? C．should???D．can?
4．The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone ＿＿＿get out．(NMET1997)???
A．had to?? B．would???C．could?? D．was able to
5．Mr Brown, many students want to see you, ＿＿they wait here or outside﹖ A．shall???B．will???C．can???D．would
6.The monitor must be in the reading-room,_____﹖
A．mustn’t?? B．doesn’t?? C．needn’t?? D．isn’t
7．Dr Baker must have given a good speech at the conference yesterday, ＿＿he﹖ A．mustn’t?? B．didn’t?? C．needn’t?? D．isn’t
8．—When can I come for the photos﹖ I need them tomorrow afternoon．??
—They ＿＿＿＿ be ready by 12:00(NMET1998)
? A．can?? B．should?? C．might?? D．need
9．I told Sally how to get here, but perhaps I ＿＿＿＿ for her．?(NMET1994)?
A．had to write it out????????B．must have written it out
C．should have written it out???? D．ought to write it out
10．He hardly ＿＿say anything more, since you know all about it．
A．don’t???B．needn’t???C．needs???D．need?
11．—Alice looks sad．Did you tell her about the news？?—Yes，but I __________ her later．?
A．should have told?B．shouldn't have told?C．must have told?D．needn't have told?
12．You __________ this morning，if you really wanted to see it yourself．?
A．ought to come?B．may have come?C．ought to have come?D．could come?
13．—You ought to have come here ten minutes ago．?—I __________ ，but the train was late．?
A．ought to???B．ought to have?C．ought????D．have ought to?
14． __________ he come，the problem would be settled．?
A．Would????B．Should?C．Shall???? D．If?
15．It is necessary that a college student__________at least a foreign language．?
A．masters??? B．should master?C．may master??D．can master?
16．Most of the mem bers demanded that the meeting __________ till Friday．?
A．should put off?B．not be put off?C．wouldn't be put off?D．can not put off?
17．It's unfair that you __________ treat him like that．?
A．can??B．may??C．need??D．should?
18．I __________ advise you not to do that again in the future．
A．dare? B．would C．should?D．need?
19．When I went out，whom __________ I meet but our old friend？?
A．should?B．could C．might? D．would?
20．Tom __________ at the gate of the cinem a now．?
A．should have waited?B．should be waiting?C．might wait? D．would wait?
21.”What you want, you ____ have it on condition that you get the best result,” said the boss.
A. would?? B. ought to??C. shall?D. could
22.---What’s wrong with your car ? ---I don’t know. It just _____ start.
A. mustn’t??B couldn’t?? C. wouldn’t?? D. shouldn’t
23.You _____ to the meeting this afternoon if you have something important to do.
A. needn’t to come? B. don’t need come? C.don’t need coming? D. needn’t come
24.---May I pick a flower in the garden ---______.
A. No, you needn’t??B.Not,please? C. No,you mustn’t?? D. No,you won’t
25.---Helen, will you be at the party tonight
---Yes, but I have so much homework to do that I really _______.
A. won’t??B .can’t???C. mustn’t??? D. shouldn’t
26.I was really anxious about you. You ______ home without a word.
A. mustn’t leave? B .shouldn’t have left? C. couldn’t have left? D.needn’t leave
27.Jenny _____ with him at that time,for I was having dinner with her in my home.
A.can’t have been? B.mustn’t have been? C .must be??D.may be
28.If you listen to me,you _____ have some candies,Deary.
A.shall?B.may?C.will?D.must
29.Peter ____ come with us tonight,but he isn’t very sure yet.
A.may?B.can?C.will?D.must
30.He ____ you more help,even though he was very busy.
A.might have given? B.might give? C.may have given? D.may give
31.There is plenty of time.She ______.
A.mustn’t have hurried?? B.couldn’t have hurried
C.must not hurry?????D.needn’t have hurried
32.The plant is dead.I ______ it more?water.
A.will give? B.would have given??C.must give?? D.should have given
33.---Dare you go home at night ?----_________.
A.Yes,I do??B.No,I daren’t?? C.No,I don’t?? D.Yes,I dare so.
34.When you go abroad,do you _____ take your passport
A.have to??B.ought to??C.be able to? D.need
35.---You must phone us every week.? ----Yes,I _____.
A.must??B.have to?? C.will??D.should
36.---Your language teacher looks a rather kind woman.
----But in fact she is cold and hard on us.You _____ believe it.
A.should?? B.wouldn’t???C.mustn’t??? D.might not.
37.A wise man __ sometimes make a mistake. A.can? B.may??C.might?D.must
38.Don’t get the ink on your shirt,for it _________. A.won’t wash out
B.won’t be washed out?C.doesn’t wash out?D.can’t be washed out
39.---Is your father still an engineer ? ----_______.
A.Yes,he was?B.He didn’t use to?C.No,but he used to?D.No,but he used to be
40.There are so many people in the street that I _____ get through.
A.can’t??B.couldn’t?? C.needn’t?? D.mustn’t
41.The classroom is empty.They must have gone to the sportsground,________
A.don’t they??B.didn’t they?? C.haven’t they???D.hadn’t they
42.---You ought to have come earlier.?---Yes,I ______.But the traffic was heavy.
A.ought to? B.should??C.must have??D.should have
43.Last night he hurt his leg,but at last he ______ get home safely.
A.could??B.can?? C.dare??D.was able to
44.---Shall I tell John about it ? ----No,you ______.I’ve told him already.(1994)
A.needn’t?? B.wouldn’t?? C.mustn’t??? D.shouldn’t
45.Tom ought not to_____ me your secret,but he meant no harm.(1993)
A.have told??B.tell???C.be telling?? D.having told
46.It’s already seven o’clock.Jack _____ be here at any moment.(1995)
A.must?? B.need??C.should?? D.can
47.---When can I come for the photos I need them tomorrow afternoon.
----They _____ be ready by 12:00.?(1998) A.can? B.should? C.might? D.need
48.---I stayed at a hotel while in New York.?
---Oh,did you You _____ with Barbara.(1998)
A.could have stayed?B.could stay C.would stay?D.must have stayed
49.Sorry I’m late. I ___ have turned off the alarm clock and gone back to sleep again.
(2000 spring)?? A.might?? B.should???C.can?? D.will
50.---Are you coming to Jeff’s party ?----I’m not sure.I _____ go to the concert instead.(2000)?A.must??B.should??C.would?? D.might
51.---Write to me when you get home.??----________.(2001 Spring)
A.I must??B.I should??C.I will??D.I can
52.---I hear you have got a set of valuable Australian coins. _____ I have a look
---Yes,certainly. (2002 Spring)?
A.Do??B.May??C.Shall?? D.Should
53.---Is John coming by train
--- He should,but he ______ not.He likes driving his car. (2002)
A.must???B.can???C.need?? D.may
情态动词讲与练答案
情态动词＋have done: 1-5 ADAAA?6-10 CDDCA
Key:??1-5 BCCDA?? 6-10 DBBCD
11—15 A C B B B 16—20 B D C A B
21-25CCDCB?26-30BAAAA?31-35DDBAC?36-40AAADA
41-45CDDAA?46-50CBAAD? 51-53CBD
PAGE
1情态动词专练
Ⅰ. 单项选择(45%)
1.I thought you　　　　　　 　　like something to read, so I have brought you some books. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　A.may　　 B.might　　 C.could　　 D.must
2.You　　　　　 　　to the meeting this afternoon if you have something important to do.
　A. needn't to come　　　 B. don't need come
　C. don't need coming　　D. needn't come
3. He　　　　 　you more help, even though he was very busy.　　　　
　A. might have given　　 B. might give
　C. may have given　　　 D. may give
4.─　　　　　 　I help you with some shoes, madam
　─ Yes, I would like to try on those brown ones.　　　　　　　　　　　
　A. Will　　 B. Should　　 C. May　　 D. Must
5. The reason why they 　　　　　　leave wasn't explained to us.　
　A. had　　 B. had to　　 C. must　　 D. might
6. I searched for my wallet and it wasn't there. I thought I　　　　 　it at home.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　A. left　　 B. have left 　C. might have left　　 D. could have left
7. I 　　　　　　asleep because it took me a long time to realize that the telephone was ringing.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　A. could have fallen 　 B. should have fallen
　C. must have fallen 　 D. mustn't have fallen
8. The only thing that really matters to the children is how soon they 　　　　　　return to their school. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　A. can　　 B. must　　 C. have to　　 D. ought to
9. I want to go to the chemist's, but you 　　　　　　go with me.　 [　 ]
　A. need not　　 B. must not　　 C. need　　 D. must
10. I thought it over, but　　　　 come to no conclusion.　　　　　　 [　 ]
　A. can　　 B. could　　 C. should　　 D. would
11. What we 　　　　　　get seems better than what we have.　　　　　
　A. can　　 B. could　　 C. can't　　 D. couldn't
12.─My goodness! I've just missed the train.
─That's too bad. I am sure you 　　　　　　it, if you had hurried. [　 ]
　A. could have caught 　 B. had caught
　C. would catch 　　　　　 D. could catch
13. Look! What you've done! You 　　　　more careful.　　　　　　　　　
　A. may be 　B. had to　C. should have been 　 D. would be
14. 　　　　　　I repeat the question 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　A. Shall 　 B. Will 　 C. Do you want that 　 D. Do
15. Professor Li, many students want to see you. 　　　　　　they wait here or outside!　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　A. Do　　 B. Will　　 C. Shall　　 D. Are
16. You 　　　　　　read that book if you don't want to.　　　　　　　
　A. haven't　　 B. can't　　 C. mustn't　　 D. needn't
17. Johnny, you　　　 play with the knife; you　　　　 hurt yourself.[　 ]
　A. won't; can't 　　　 B. can't; shouldn't
　C. shouldn't; must 　 D. mustn't; may
18. It's nearly seven o'clock. Jack　　　　 be here at any moment.　 [　 ]
　A. must　　 B. need　　 C. can　　 D. should
19. ─ There were already 5 people in the car, but they managed to take me as well.
─ It 　　　　a comfortable journey.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　A. can't be　　　　　 　 B. shouldn't be
　C. couldn't have been 　 D. mustn't have been
20. Tom ought not to 　　　　　　me your secret, but he meant no harm.[　 ]
　A. have told 　　 B. tell　C. be telling 　 C. having told
21. Everyone is here. 　　　　　　we start the meeting 　　　　　　　　　
　A. Can　　 B. Must　　 C. Should　　 D. Shall
22. I parked my car right here but now it's gone. It 　　　　　.　　　[　 ]
　A. must be stolen　 　 B. may be stolen
　C. must have stolen 　 D. must have been stolen
23. He 　　　　the work yesterday, but he didn't.　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　A. must have finished　 B. need have finished
　C. finished　　　　　　 D. should have finished
24. He did not pass the examination. As a good student, he　　　　 .　 [　 ]
　A. mustn't have failed 　B. may not have failed
　C. needn't have failed 　D. shouldn't have failed
25. 　　　　it be true that Albert passed the test in geography 　　　 [　 ]
　A. May　　 B. should　　 C. Could　　 D. would
26. You 　　　　lead a horse to the water but you 　　　　　　not make it drink. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　A. will; can 　 B. may; can　C. may; dare 　 D. dare; can
27. ─Must we finish the composition in class
─No, you 　　　　　.　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　A. needn't 　 B. mustn't　C. won't 　　 D. shouldn't
28. Her eyes were red. She 　　　.　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　
　A. must cry 　　　　　　　　　 B. must be cried
　C. must have been crying 　 D. may cry
29. Mary 　　　　his letter, otherwise she would have replied before now.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　A. has received 　B. must receive
　C. couldn't have received 　D. shouldn't have received
30. I told Sally how to get here, but perhaps I　　　 for her.　　　　[　 ]
　A. had to write it out　B. must have written it out
　C. should have written it out　D. ought to write it out　
Ⅱ. 用所给动词的适当形式填空(10%)
─Hello. Gerry speaking.
─Hello, Gerry. It's me John here. Why aren't you here at the meeting
─Well, I'm terribly sorry, but I'm not feeling very well.
─Is that all We thought you might 　　　　　　(have) an accident　 or 　　　　　　(forget) the day or something.
─No, I'm sorry. I was sick all night. I think it must　　　　 　(be) the fish I ate last night.　
─Well, I think you should 　　　　at least 　　　　　　(phone) Kate and 　　　　　　(tell) her you weren't coming to the meeting.
─Yes, I suppose I should 　　　　　　(do) so. I'm sorry about that. Anyway, I think I'll be able to get in to work tomorrow.
─OK, Take care and don't eat any more fish.
─I won't. Thanks for calling.
─That's all right.　
Ⅲ. 用would, should, must , have to 填空 (20%)
1.─ I have not a raincoat with me.
─That's why I 　　　　　　wait until the rain stops.
2.　　　　 　you be so kind as to keep an eye on my house while I am away
3. It is important that I 　　　　　　see him at once.
4. 　　　　　the pain return，take one of these pills.
5. They didn't dare to leave the train lest they 　　　　　be attacked by wolves.
6. He ordered that Tom 　　　　　　leave the house at once.
7. The last bus has left. We 　　　　　　walk home.
8. The weather was bad. We 　　　　　　wait for two hours at the airport before we took off.
9. You 　　　　　　come and see us sometime.
10.The letter 　　　　　　be translated into English.　
Ⅳ. 把下列句子译成英语 (25%)
1.她一定把钥匙丢了.
2.他们一定走了,可是应当给我留一个条子呀!
3.你本不必要把整个课文都译成汉语.
4.我是可能早一些来的,可是我在路上碰到一个朋友.
5.下一次你应该更小心些.
Ⅰ.
1.B 2.D 3.A 4. C 5. B 6. C 7. C 8. A 9. A 10. B
11.C 12.A 13.C 14.A 15.C 16.D 17.D 18.D 19.C 20.A
21.D 22.D 23.D 24.D 25. C 26.B 27.A 28.C 29.C 30.C　
Ⅱ. have had;
forgotten; be;
hav；honed;
told;have done;　
Ⅲ. 1. have to
2. Would
3. should
4. Should
5. should　　
6. should
7. have to/will have to
8. had to 9. must 10. must　
Ⅳ.
1. She must have lost her key.
2. The must have left, but they should have left us a note.
3. You needn't have translated the whole text into Chinese.
4. I could have arrived a little earlier, but I met a friend of mine on the way.
5. You should be more careful next time.