课件48张PPT。Modal verbs无为襄安中学 Kevinzou 情态动词表示推测不表示推测can could
may might
shall should
must
will would
ought tohave to
dare (daren’t)
need (needn’t)
used toI daren’t ask her for a rise. 我不敢请求她加薪.
How did you dare to tell her that?
I wonder whether he dare stand up in public.
I don’t know how she dares to wear that dress.
Do you need any help?
I wonder whether he need send it immediately.
I need hardly tell you that the work is dangerous.
The garden doesn’t need watering at the moment.
You needn’t finish that work today.可兼做行为动词的情态动词：need 、 dare 情态动词 (+动词原形)行为动词 .needdare 1.无人称和数的变化; 2.尤其用于：*否定句及疑问句中;*在if/whether之后;*或与hardly, never,
no one, nobody连用; 3.常以needn’t 和daren’t
的形式出现;4.dare有其过去时dared. 多用于肯定句;
(sb.) need to do
dare to do
(sth.) need to be
done
(sth.) need doing
判断正误:
How dare you say such a thing?
How dare you to say such a thing?He daren’t to speak English before such a
crowd, did he?
He daren’t speak English before such a
crowd, dare he?Nobody need to be afraid of catching the disease.
Nobody need be afraid of catching the disease.These dishes need be cleaned carefully.
These dishes need to be cleaned carefully.
These dishes need cleaning carefully.注意对need问句的回答:
--Need I finish the work today?
--Yes, ________________.
No, ________________.
No, ________________.you mustyou needn’tyou don’t have toneedn’t 对其它情态动词的回答:
--Shall I tell John about it?
--No, you __________.
--Must we do it now?
--No, you __________.
needn’t
(don’t have to) needn’t
(don’t have to)表示推测——情态动词的重要用法.1. You must be Mr. Smith----I was told to expect
you here.
2. He must have known what we wanted.
3. We may have read the same report.
4. He can’t have slept through all that noise.
5. There’s someone outside----who can it be?
6. What can they be doing?
7. These pills might help to cure your disease.
8. You could be right, I suppose.表示推测——情态动词的重要用法.肯定的推测
可能的推测
否定的推测
疑问的推测must 对将来 对现在 对过去情态动词may, might can’t,
couldn’tcan, could + V. + V. + have done
常见must be + be doing + V. + V. + have done
+ be doing
可以用not表示“可能不”
+V. + V. + have done
+ be doing+ V. + V. + have done
+ be doing 表示猜测的情态动词
许多情态动词可用来表示猜测,常用的有以下几个:
must “肯定” “一定”
e.g., Man must die. He must be at home now.
must 表猜测时,仅用于肯定句.
may “或许” “会”
e.g., Mr. Smith may/ might be in the office now.
might 用于现在时,表示语气更不肯定.
通常,may 用于肯定猜测,若用may not,则表示”或许不”
e.g., -- Is Li Ping in? -- He may not be in , but I’m not sure.
can”会” “可能”
can表示猜测时,用于否定或疑问
e.g., -- Who can be the man in the office with light on?
-- It can’t be Mr. Li. He has been out on business.
could 为can的过去式,但用于一般现在时却可用来表示肯定猜测
e.g., -- Where can the thief hide in the house?
-- It could be in the bathroom, I think.
此时,could 的语势介于must与may之间注意点:
I. 若跟动词原形,表示对现在(或目前)情况之猜测, 如上述各例
若后面跟have done 则表示对到目前为止情况的猜测(相当于完成时)
e.g., She looks worried . She must have met with some trouble.
对过去情况之猜测(相当于过去时)
e.g., He must have done something wrong yesterday.
究竟属于何种猜测往往要从句子本身或上下文联系来判断,如上例有一现在时句子,可判为对现在情况的猜测,而下面句子中有表示过去的时间状语,显然是对过去情况的猜测了. II. 当表猜测的情态动词出现在反意疑问句的陈述部分时,反意疑问句的疑问部分的动词从情态动词后面的不定式.
e.g., He must be ill, isn’t he ?
They can’t know the news, do they?
She must have been to Beijing before, hasn’t she?
(相当于现在完成时)
She must have been in that day, wasn’t she?(相当于过去时)
He looks sad. He must have failed the test, hasn’t he ?
He must have failed the exam in maths yesterday, didn’t he? 1. I don't know where she is, she _______ be in
Wu han.
2. At this moment, our teacher ________________
our exam papers.
这时，我们老师想必在批改试卷。
3. The road is wet. It ________________ last night.
(rain)
4. Your mother ______________________ for you.
你妈妈一定一直在找你。
maymust be markingmust have rainedmust have been looking5. Philip ________________________ seriously in
the car accident. 菲利普可能在车祸中受了重伤.
6. ---Linda has gone to work, but her bicycle is
still here.
---She _____________________ (go) by bus.
7. Mike ________________ his car, for he came to
work by bus this morning.
迈克一定还没有找回他的车，因为早上他是坐
公共汽车来上班的。
may (might) have been hurtmay (might) have gonecan’t have found高考考题:
1. I thought you _____ like something to read, so
I have brought you some books.
A. may B. might C. would D. must
2. Where is my pen? I ____ it.
A. might lose B. would have lost
C. should have lost D. must have lost
3. I didn’t hear the phone. I ___ asleep.
A. must be B. must have been
C. should be D. should have beenB DB 4. ---There were already five people in the car,
but they managed to take me as well.
----It ____a comfortable journey
A. can’t be B. shouldn’t be
C. mustn’t have been D. couldn’t have been
5. It’s nearly seven o’clock . Jack ___be here at
any moment.
A. must B. need C. should D. could
D D 请把下列词语组合成句:1. ___________________________________,
( play, interesting, must, be, new, the )
for the director is so famous.
2. See how happy he is today! ___________
____________________________.
( failed, he, can’t, in, the, have, exam )
3. Peter isn’t in the classroom. __________
________________________________.
( may, playing, he, with, be, his, basketball,
friends ) The new play must be interesting He can’t
have failed in the exam He may be
playing basketball with his friends不同的“肯定”程度可按下列层次排列：
He is at home. (事实)
He must be at home.（非常肯定的推断）
He could be at home.（很可能）
He ought to be at home.（很可能）
He may be at home.（仅仅可能而已）
He might be at home.（或许, 非常不确定）
He might not be at home.（也许不在家）
He may not be at home. （比might可能）
He couldn’t be at home.（很可能不在家）
He can’t be at home.（一定不在家）
He isn't at home.（事实）
在不表示推测的情态动词中, 我们要注意以下考点:1. 表示能力、许可的情态动词的用法。
2. 表示否定的情态动词的用法。
3. shall 和 will 的多种意义的区别。
4. 情态动词短语的使用。
5. 虚拟语气中情态动词的使用。 表示能力: can, could, be able to
*be able to 能用于各种时态。
can / could 只能表示现在或过去的能力。
*was / were able to : “设法做成某事”
相当于 managed to do sth.
succeeded in doing sth.。
1. 表示能力、许可的情态动词的用法。1. A computer ______ think for itself; it must
be told what to do.
A. can’t B. couldn’t
C. may not D. might not2. The fire spread through the hotel very quickly
but everyone ______ get out.
A. had to B. would
C. could D. was able toA D 3. They will ______ run this machine on their
own in three months.
A. can B. could C. may D. be able to
4. That big cinema ______ seat 2,000 people.
A. can B. should C. ought to D. is able toD A 表示许可: may / might, can / could
* might, could 比较委婉, 一般多用于疑问句.
* can, may 表达的语言比较随便.
* 在以could, might 表示征询对方意见
或表示请求时，回答应相应使用can, may.5. — Could I borrow your dictionary?
— Yes, of course you _______.
A. might B. will C. can D. should
6. — Might I watch TV after supper?
— Yes, you ________.
A. may B. must C. might D. can
C A 2. 表示否定的情态动词的用法:
部分情态动词的否定式是情态动词中的考点
之一。
mustn’t 不准, 禁止
needn’t 没必要 ( = don’t have to )
can’t 不能; 不可能
may not 不可以; 可能不
shouldn’t 不应该 ( = ought not to )7. You ______ return the book now. You can
keep it till next week if you like.
A. can’t B. mustn’t C. needn’t D. may not
8. Johnny, you ______ play with the knife, you
______ hurt yourself.
A. won’t ; can’t B. mustn’t ; may
C. shouldn’t ; must D. can’t ; shouldn’tC B 9. --Will you stay for lunch?
--Sorry, _____. My brother is coming to see me.
A. I mustn’t B. I can’t
C. I needn’t D. I won’t
10. --May I pick a flower in the garden?
-- ________.
A. No, you needn’t B. Not, please.
C. No, you mustn’t D. No, you won’tB C 情态动词：shall, will 的多种意义: shall / will+ 动词原形: * shall 可表示必须、命令、 警告或征询意见. * will 可表示意愿、常出现的动作、在疑问句
中表示请求和建议.* 均可表示将来。 过去时为 should, would.3.11. He ______ be punished if he disobeys.
如果他不服从, 就要受到惩罚.
12. We are not going to quarrel at all if you ____
only let me speak.
只要你让我说话, 我们根本就不会吵架.
13. --Sir, ____ he go or stay?
--Let him go.
A. will B. shall C. might D. couldshallwillB 14. The door _______ open.
这门经常打不开.
15. Ronald ______ stay in his small garden for
a long time every day in the past.
A. could B. might C. should D. would
16. You _____ have the book after I read it.
我看完以后一定把这本书给你.won’tD shall4. 情态动词短语的使用:
would like to do…
would rather do…
would rather + 从句
would prefer to do...
had better do...改错:
1. Would you like having some tea?
2. I’d prefer going to the lecture this evening.
3. I’d rather you to go to the meeting.
4. He would rather to die than to give in.
5. You’d better to have your hair cut today.Would you like to have some tea?I’d prefer to go to ...… you went to ...He would rather die than give in.You’d better have ...5. 用于虚拟语气的情态动词: should
might
could
would
needn’t
ought to情态动词考题:1. Put on more clothes. You ??????? be feeling cold
with only a shirt on. ? A. can? B. could? C. must? D. would
2. "Must I drive to his house and pick up the
children?" ?
"No, ??????? ." ? A. you shouldn't? B. you might not ?
C. you needn't ? D. you mustn'tC C 3. We didn't see Tom at the meeting yesterday.
He ??????? it. ? A. mustn't have attended?
B. cannot have attended ? C. needn't have attended?
D. would have not attended
4. We ??????? play chess than bridge. Some of us
don't know how to play bridge. ? A. had better? B. would better?
C. would rather? D. had rather
B C 5. There is someone knocking at the door. ???????
it be Tom? ? A. can? B. must? C. should? D. ought to
6. Two year ago, my husband bought me a bicycle.
If you live in town, it is often faster than a car
and you ??????? worry about parking.
?? A. must not?? B. may not??
C. should not?? D. don't have to
A D 全国高考试题回放1.A left—luggage office is a place where bags ____be left for a short time, especially at a railway station.
A.should B.can C.must D.will2.How ___ you say that you really understand the whole story if you have covered only part of the article?
A.can B.must C.need D.may3.—The room is so dirty._____ we clean it?
--Of course.
A.Will B.Shall C.Would D.DoBAB4.My English-Chinese dictionary has disappeared. Who ___ have taken it?
A.should B.must C.could D.would5.—Is John coming by train?
---He should, but he ____ not. He likes driving his car.
A.must B.can C.need D.may6.—I heard they went skiing in the mountains last winter.
--It ____ true because there was little snow there.
A.may not be B.won’t be
C.could’t be D. mustn’t beCDC7.It has been announced that candidates _____ remain in their seats until all the paper have been collected.
A.can B.will C.may D.shall8.—I hear you’ve got a set of valuable Australian coins. ___ I have a look?
--Yes, certainly.
A.Do B.May C.Shall D.Should9.Oh, I’m feeling well in the stomach, I ____ so much fried chicken just now.
A. shouldn’t eat B. mustn’t have eaten
C. shouldn’t have eaten D. mustn’t eatDBC10.I was really anxious about you. You ___ home without a word.
A. mustn’t leave B. shouldn’t have left
C. couldn’t have left D. needn’t leave11.You can’t imagine that a well-behaved gentlemen ___ be so rude to a lady.
A.might B.need C.should D.would12.—Write to me when you get home.
--__________.
A.I must B.I should C.I will D.I canBCC13.Mr.Bush is on time for everything. How ___ it be that he was late for the opening ceremony?
A.can B.should C.may D.must14.—Are you coming to Jeff’s party?
--I’m not sure. I ___ go to the concert instead.
A.must B.would C.should D.might15.My sister met him at the Grand Theatre yesterday afternoon, so he ___ your lecture.
A. couldn’t have attended B. needn’t have attended
C. mustn’t have attended D. shouldn’t have attendedADA16.Sorry, I’m late. I ____ have turned off the alarm clock and gone back to sleep again.
A.might B.should C.can D.will17.There was a lot of fun at yesterday’s party. You ___ come, but why didn’t you?
A.must have B.should C.need have D.ought to have18.—When can I come for the photos? I need them tomorrow afternoon.
--They ___ be ready by by 12:00.
A.can B.should C.might D.needADB19.—I stayed at a hotel while in New York.
--Oh, did you? You ___ with Barbara.
A.could have stayed B.could stay
C.would stay D.must have stayed20.Jack ___ yet, otherwise he would have telephoned me.
A. mustn’t have arrived B. shouldn’t have arrived
C.can’t have arrived D. needn’t have arrivedAC21.When he was there, he ___ go to that coffee shop at the corner after work everyday.
A.would B.should C.had better D.might22.Sir, you ___ be sitting in this waiting room. It is for woman and children only.
A. oughtn’t to B.can’t C.won’t D. needn’t23. I wonder how he ___ that to the teacher.
A.dare to say B.dare saying C.not dare say D.dared sayAAD24.--Is John coming by train?
--He should, but he ____ not. He likes driving
his car. (2002高考题）
A. must B. can C. need D. may
25.It has been announced that candidates(候选人)
____ remain in their seats until all the papers
have been collected. (2002上海高考题）
A. can B.will C. may D. shall
26.--I heard they went skiing in the mountains last
winter. (2002北京高考题）
--It ____ true because there was little snow there.
A. may not be B. won’t be
C. couldn’t be D. mustn’t be
Thank you!Good-bye!
