情态动词[下学期]
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课件25张PPT。 Modal Verbs 06年高考语法复习系列情态动词的考点
1、can; may; must should; need 等表示判断及推测；
2、shall; should 的特殊用法；
3、情态动词的应答策略；
4、对过去的判断或推测；
5、dare; need 的用法特点。 The Modal Verb
A modal verb does not express action or state,
but expresses only the attitude of the speaker. The
chief modal verbs are:
can (could), may( might), must, ought to, need, dare, should, would, shall and will.
The modal verbs can be used to express
1. ability
(1) I can swim.
(2) He__________( 会) swim, but he didn’t jump into the water to save the child.
( “was able to” can not be used here.)
can/ couldbe able to= I’m able to swim.could (3) The boat turned over, but everyone _______
get onto the bank.
A. can B. could C. was able to D. succeeded
(4) He couldn’t swim, so he didn’t jump into the
water.
(5) The fire spread through the hotel quickly but
everyone _________ get out.
A. had to B. would C. could D. was able to
(= wasn’t able to )
2. permission
---Can I smoke here?
---Certainly, you can.
--- No, (I’m afraid) you can’t.
(2) --- Could I use your phone?
--- Yes, you can. (could is not used here.)
can may
(3) --- May I use your cellphone?
--- Yes, you can (may). (or Yes, please.)
--- No, please don’t / you’d better not.
( or No, you mustn’t)
(4) --- Might I have a talk with you?
--- Certainly, you may.
--- No, you may not. (rare)
--- No, you can’t/ mustn’t. (usual)
3. duty or responsibility
must should
have to ought to
(1) You must do as I tell you.
(2) I’m afraid you have to do this. It’s a rule of
the school.
(3) --- Must I hand in my composition?
--- Yes, you must.
--- No, you needn’t. ( you don’t have to.)
(4) Johnny, you______ play with the knife; you
_______ hurt yourself.
A. won’t; can’t B. mustn’t; may
B. shouldn’t ; must D. can’t; shouldn’t 4. Possibility and reproach (or criticism )
must ought to should can (could)
may (might)
(1) It must be late as the streets are deserted.
(2) He may come or he may not.
(3) ---When can I come for the photo? I need them
tomorrow afternoon.
--- They ________ be ready by 12:00.
A. can B. should C. may D. need
(4) She may not be there today.
He can’t be there today. (不可能) (可能不) e.g. --- Is John coming by train?
--- He should, but he ______not. He likes
driving his car.
A. must B. can C. need D. may
(5) _____ he be still alive?
What ______ he mean by saying that?
(6) He looks pale. He may be ill.
He works hard day and night. He can fall ill one day.
e.g. The World Wide Wet is sometimes jokingly
called the World Wide Wait because it _____
be very slow.
A. should B. must C. will D. can
Can can(事实上的可能性)(理论上(逻辑上)的可能性)D情态动词+ 动词完成体
1). 地板很湿, 昨晚一定下雨了.
The ground is rather wet, so it _______________
last night, didn’t it?
2). 汤姆可能去上海了, 但我不是很肯定.
Tom _________________ to Shanghai, but I’m
still not sure about it.
3). 地板很干, 昨晚不可能下雨了。
The ground is very dry, so it ________________
last night .
4). 一定有人闯入了我们的卧室, 谁会这样做呢?
Someone must have broken into our bedroom.
Who _________________ it?must have rained may have gonecan’t have rainedcould have done 121). ---Mary has got mad and has been sent to the mental
hospital. Did you tell her boss?
--- Yes, but I ____________ her husband first.
A. shouldn’t have told B. should have told
C. must have told D. needn’t have told
2). He _________ full marks, but he was so careless as to
make a spelling mistake.
A. must have gained B. can have gained
C. could have gained D. must gain
3). --- Must I renew the book now?
--- No, You ____. You ____ that before the deadline.
A. mustn’t, should do B. needn’t, should have done
C. may not, should do D. can’t, should have done
DC B4).--- Did you scold him for his mistake?
---Yes, but _____ it.
A. I’d rather not do B. I’d not better do
C. I’d rather not to have done
D. I’d rather not have done
D should / ought to have done
shouldn’t / oughtn’t to have done
could have done
needn’t have done
would rather have donesummary must have done
may/ might have done
can/ could have done
(用于否定和疑问句中) should / ought to have done
shouldn’t / oughtn’t to have done
could have done (用于肯定句中)
needn’t have done
would rather have done表“推测”表 “责备” “遗憾” 119 Multiple Choice
1.You might just as well tell the manufacturer that male customers _______ not like the design of the furniture. （04上海春季）
A. must B. shall C. may D. need
2. He __________ have completed his work; otherwise, he wouldn’t be enjoying himself by the seaside. (05北京卷)
A. should B. must
C. wouldn’t D. can’tCB3. --- The woman biologist stayed in Africa
studying wild animals for 13 years before
she returned.
--- Oh, dear! She _______ a lot of difficulties!
(05江苏卷)
A. may go through
B. might go through
C. ought to have gone through
D. must have gone throughD4. I _______have been more than six years old when the accident happened. （05天津卷）
A. shouldn't B. couldn't
C. mustn't D. needn't
B 5. The doctor said I ________ go back to the
hospital; my leg is all right now.
A. mustn’t B. needn’t
C. won’t D. can’t
6. Look, the trees are fallen. There _______ a
strong wind.
A. must be B. should have been
C. could be D. must have been
BD5. A modal verb can also be used to express “Surprise”
should can (而且常与how, why, who….连用)
1) Why should you so angry?
2) How can it be?
3) Who should come in but the Professor himself? 6. shall will
1) 表示征求对方意见, will 用于第二人称, shall用于第一、三人称
Will you do me a favor?
You feed the bird today, will you?
Shall I take the book for him?
Shall he come in or stay out?
Shall I open the window?
2) 表意愿、意志
will 用于第一人称。
shall 用于第二、三人的陈述句中表示说话者的允诺、
告诫、威胁、命令，决心
I will gladly do so.
I will do it in spite of the difficulties.
You shall get my answer tomorrow?
Nothing shall stop us from doing this.
You can tell him he shall be sorry for it one day.
will用于if引导的条件从句中，亦表示意愿。
I will thank you if you will give me a hand. 1) --- Will you join us?
--- Yes, I will
2)--- Will he be graduated next month?
--- Yes, he will
won’t 往往表示拒绝
I won’t listen to your nonsense.
The dog won’t stop barking.
如主语是无生命的东西，则意为“不起作用”。表示一种习惯倾向。
The drawer won’t shut.
The radio won’t work.
表意愿（情态动词） 表将来 ( 助动词） e.g.
1) ---Can I help you?
---Yes, I bought this radio yesterday, but it
_______ work now.
A. didn’t B. won’t C. can’t D. doesn’t
2) --- What’s wrong with your pen?
--- The ink _______ come out.
A. won’t B. didn’t C. hasn’t D. must
[解析] 1）“现在没法用了” “没法用”是现在的实际情况，故选D。本题选B亦可，在此表示一种倾向。即“没法用了”。两项比较。D 最佳。DA7. need and dare
need 和dare作情态动词，主要用于否定句和疑问句中，后接动词原形。
need 和dare也可用作实义动词，后接动词不定式。
Need he go now?
Does he need to go?
Dare he escape?
Does he dare to escape?You needn’t go there.
You don’t need to go
there. He dare not go there.
He doesn’t to go there. 8 may is used to express “best wishes”
1) May you succeed.
May all your dreams come true.
May you live a long and happy life.
2) may/ might as well : 表建议，还是……的好
It’s raining outside. We may as well stay at home.
You may as well stay where you are.
3) might as well 有时还有 “还不如……” 的含义
You never listen--- I might as well talk to a brick wall.
Practice
If you listen to me, you _______ have some candies, dear.
A. shall B. may C. will D. must
2. We are sorry that you _______ feel uncomfortable.
A. will B. could C. should D. must
should 用在表示遗憾、惊奇等从句中表示
“竟然会” AC3. Naturally, after I told her what to do, my daughter _______ go and do the opposite.
A. may B. can C. must D. should
Must 可表示与说话者的愿望相反或不耐烦，一般指发生了不受欢迎或不需要的事，意思是“偏偏”、“偏要”、“硬要”。
As I was sitting down to supper, the telephone must ring.
The car must break down just we were starting our holiday. C
1、can; may; must should; need 等表示判断及推测；
2、shall; should 的特殊用法；
3、情态动词的应答策略；
4、对过去的判断或推测；
5、dare; need 的用法特点。 The Modal Verb
A modal verb does not express action or state,
but expresses only the attitude of the speaker. The
chief modal verbs are:
can (could), may( might), must, ought to, need, dare, should, would, shall and will.
The modal verbs can be used to express
1. ability
(1) I can swim.
(2) He__________( 会) swim, but he didn’t jump into the water to save the child.
( “was able to” can not be used here.)
can/ couldbe able to= I’m able to swim.could (3) The boat turned over, but everyone _______
get onto the bank.
A. can B. could C. was able to D. succeeded
(4) He couldn’t swim, so he didn’t jump into the
water.
(5) The fire spread through the hotel quickly but
everyone _________ get out.
A. had to B. would C. could D. was able to
(= wasn’t able to )
2. permission
---Can I smoke here?
---Certainly, you can.
--- No, (I’m afraid) you can’t.
(2) --- Could I use your phone?
--- Yes, you can. (could is not used here.)
can may
(3) --- May I use your cellphone?
--- Yes, you can (may). (or Yes, please.)
--- No, please don’t / you’d better not.
( or No, you mustn’t)
(4) --- Might I have a talk with you?
--- Certainly, you may.
--- No, you may not. (rare)
--- No, you can’t/ mustn’t. (usual)
3. duty or responsibility
must should
have to ought to
(1) You must do as I tell you.
(2) I’m afraid you have to do this. It’s a rule of
the school.
(3) --- Must I hand in my composition?
--- Yes, you must.
--- No, you needn’t. ( you don’t have to.)
(4) Johnny, you______ play with the knife; you
_______ hurt yourself.
A. won’t; can’t B. mustn’t; may
B. shouldn’t ; must D. can’t; shouldn’t 4. Possibility and reproach (or criticism )
must ought to should can (could)
may (might)
(1) It must be late as the streets are deserted.
(2) He may come or he may not.
(3) ---When can I come for the photo? I need them
tomorrow afternoon.
--- They ________ be ready by 12:00.
A. can B. should C. may D. need
(4) She may not be there today.
He can’t be there today. (不可能) (可能不) e.g. --- Is John coming by train?
--- He should, but he ______not. He likes
driving his car.
A. must B. can C. need D. may
(5) _____ he be still alive?
What ______ he mean by saying that?
(6) He looks pale. He may be ill.
He works hard day and night. He can fall ill one day.
e.g. The World Wide Wet is sometimes jokingly
called the World Wide Wait because it _____
be very slow.
A. should B. must C. will D. can
Can can(事实上的可能性)(理论上(逻辑上)的可能性)D情态动词+ 动词完成体
1). 地板很湿, 昨晚一定下雨了.
The ground is rather wet, so it _______________
last night, didn’t it?
2). 汤姆可能去上海了, 但我不是很肯定.
Tom _________________ to Shanghai, but I’m
still not sure about it.
3). 地板很干, 昨晚不可能下雨了。
The ground is very dry, so it ________________
last night .
4). 一定有人闯入了我们的卧室, 谁会这样做呢?
Someone must have broken into our bedroom.
Who _________________ it?must have rained may have gonecan’t have rainedcould have done 121). ---Mary has got mad and has been sent to the mental
hospital. Did you tell her boss?
--- Yes, but I ____________ her husband first.
A. shouldn’t have told B. should have told
C. must have told D. needn’t have told
2). He _________ full marks, but he was so careless as to
make a spelling mistake.
A. must have gained B. can have gained
C. could have gained D. must gain
3). --- Must I renew the book now?
--- No, You ____. You ____ that before the deadline.
A. mustn’t, should do B. needn’t, should have done
C. may not, should do D. can’t, should have done
DC B4).--- Did you scold him for his mistake?
---Yes, but _____ it.
A. I’d rather not do B. I’d not better do
C. I’d rather not to have done
D. I’d rather not have done
D should / ought to have done
shouldn’t / oughtn’t to have done
could have done
needn’t have done
would rather have donesummary must have done
may/ might have done
can/ could have done
(用于否定和疑问句中) should / ought to have done
shouldn’t / oughtn’t to have done
could have done (用于肯定句中)
needn’t have done
would rather have done表“推测”表 “责备” “遗憾” 119 Multiple Choice
1.You might just as well tell the manufacturer that male customers _______ not like the design of the furniture. （04上海春季）
A. must B. shall C. may D. need
2. He __________ have completed his work; otherwise, he wouldn’t be enjoying himself by the seaside. (05北京卷)
A. should B. must
C. wouldn’t D. can’tCB3. --- The woman biologist stayed in Africa
studying wild animals for 13 years before
she returned.
--- Oh, dear! She _______ a lot of difficulties!
(05江苏卷)
A. may go through
B. might go through
C. ought to have gone through
D. must have gone throughD4. I _______have been more than six years old when the accident happened. （05天津卷）
A. shouldn't B. couldn't
C. mustn't D. needn't
B 5. The doctor said I ________ go back to the
hospital; my leg is all right now.
A. mustn’t B. needn’t
C. won’t D. can’t
6. Look, the trees are fallen. There _______ a
strong wind.
A. must be B. should have been
C. could be D. must have been
BD5. A modal verb can also be used to express “Surprise”
should can (而且常与how, why, who….连用)
1) Why should you so angry?
2) How can it be?
3) Who should come in but the Professor himself? 6. shall will
1) 表示征求对方意见, will 用于第二人称, shall用于第一、三人称
Will you do me a favor?
You feed the bird today, will you?
Shall I take the book for him?
Shall he come in or stay out?
Shall I open the window?
2) 表意愿、意志
will 用于第一人称。
shall 用于第二、三人的陈述句中表示说话者的允诺、
告诫、威胁、命令，决心
I will gladly do so.
I will do it in spite of the difficulties.
You shall get my answer tomorrow?
Nothing shall stop us from doing this.
You can tell him he shall be sorry for it one day.
will用于if引导的条件从句中，亦表示意愿。
I will thank you if you will give me a hand. 1) --- Will you join us?
--- Yes, I will
2)--- Will he be graduated next month?
--- Yes, he will
won’t 往往表示拒绝
I won’t listen to your nonsense.
The dog won’t stop barking.
如主语是无生命的东西，则意为“不起作用”。表示一种习惯倾向。
The drawer won’t shut.
The radio won’t work.
表意愿（情态动词） 表将来 ( 助动词） e.g.
1) ---Can I help you?
---Yes, I bought this radio yesterday, but it
_______ work now.
A. didn’t B. won’t C. can’t D. doesn’t
2) --- What’s wrong with your pen?
--- The ink _______ come out.
A. won’t B. didn’t C. hasn’t D. must
[解析] 1）“现在没法用了” “没法用”是现在的实际情况，故选D。本题选B亦可，在此表示一种倾向。即“没法用了”。两项比较。D 最佳。DA7. need and dare
need 和dare作情态动词，主要用于否定句和疑问句中，后接动词原形。
need 和dare也可用作实义动词，后接动词不定式。
Need he go now?
Does he need to go?
Dare he escape?
Does he dare to escape?You needn’t go there.
You don’t need to go
there. He dare not go there.
He doesn’t to go there. 8 may is used to express “best wishes”
1) May you succeed.
May all your dreams come true.
May you live a long and happy life.
2) may/ might as well : 表建议，还是……的好
It’s raining outside. We may as well stay at home.
You may as well stay where you are.
3) might as well 有时还有 “还不如……” 的含义
You never listen--- I might as well talk to a brick wall.
Practice
If you listen to me, you _______ have some candies, dear.
A. shall B. may C. will D. must
2. We are sorry that you _______ feel uncomfortable.
A. will B. could C. should D. must
should 用在表示遗憾、惊奇等从句中表示
“竟然会” AC3. Naturally, after I told her what to do, my daughter _______ go and do the opposite.
A. may B. can C. must D. should
Must 可表示与说话者的愿望相反或不耐烦，一般指发生了不受欢迎或不需要的事，意思是“偏偏”、“偏要”、“硬要”。
As I was sitting down to supper, the telephone must ring.
The car must break down just we were starting our holiday. C