主谓一致[上学期]

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名称 主谓一致[上学期]
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科目 英语
更新时间 2006-07-26 15:07:00

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课件26张PPT。GrammarAgreement★主谓一致的原则:
语法一致,
意义一致,就近原则★主谓一致的用法:1. 并列结构作主语时:1) 由and连接的两个单数形式的名词词组作主语时,谓语动词一般
根据语法一致的原则用复数形式。但如果在意义上指同一个人、同
一件事或同一概念时,谓语动词用单数形式① A young man and a girl want to go there.② The premier and foreign minister was there.3) 用and连接的不定式短语或主语从句,若构成单一概念时,谓语
动词用单数① Early to rise and early to go to bed is a good habit.2) 有时用and连接的两个单数主语,谓语动词单复数均可① Three and five makes/ make eight.② Time and tide waits/wait for no man.4)由each… and each…; every… and every…; no… and no…
引导的名词结构,谓语动词用单数
At Christmas, each boy and each girl is given a present.5)一个单数名词同时被两个不同的形容词修饰,用以表示两个不同
的事物时,谓语动词用复数;若该名词指同一个人或物时,谓语动
词用单数① The Chinese and Japanese language have something in
common.② The steel and iron industry plays an important role in national
economy.6)由not only…but also, either…or, neither…nor或or连接的并列
主语,谓语动词采取就近一词原则① Either you or I am mad.② Neither the teacher nor the students know the news. 7)当主语后面跟有
① as well as, along with, together with, as much as, rather than,
no less than, more than等连词引导的词组时;② but, besides, except, in addition to, like, with等介词连接的词组 谓语动词的单复数由主语决定① The captain, as well as the coaches, was disappointed in the
team.② Tom, along with his friends, goes skating every Saturday.③ The father, rather than the brothers, is responsible for the loss.2.不定代词作主语时1) all作主语表示人时,谓语动词用复数;表示物时,用单数。① All are eager to reach an agreement.② All is ready for the reception.2) “either/ neither of + 复数名词或代词”作主语时,谓语动词
用单数。① Has either of your parents visited you?② Neither of them wants to come.3) both作主语,谓语动词用复数。Both of the answers are correct.3.分数、百分数作主语时“percent /几分之几+ of +C.n.pl. /group n.”作主语,用复数;
“percent /几分之几+ of +C.n.single /U.n.”作主语,用单数。① 40% of the students in our school are girls. ② 40% of the work has been done.③ Two-thirds of the area is covered by trees.④ Two-thirds of the people present are against the plan.4.表示“全体、许多、部分、一半”等意义的词语作
主语时most, the rest, the last, the remainder作主语时,若指的
是复数意义,谓语动词用复数;若指的是单数意义,用单数。① Three of us will go; the rest are to stay here.
② The rest of the lecture is interesting.③ The last southward wild geese are gone.
④ The last of the wine is gone.2) town, city, country, village, school等作主语,分别表示
总称的镇民、全体居民、国民或村民时,谓语动词用单数。
这些名词前常有the或whole修饰。① The whole village is going to the old man’s funeral today.② The whole school hopes that its football team will win
the match.3) lots of, heaps of, loads of, plenty of, a great
deal of, a lot of, half of作主语时,谓语动词取决于
of其后的名词的单复数形式。① Loads of big apples are on the ground.② A lot of fresh milk was given to them. ③ Half of work is done.
④ Half of the books are novels.⑤ Plenty of the money comes from donations.
⑥ Plenty of the members are willing to go there.4) “one and a half +C.n.pl.”作主语,用单数;
“one or two +C.n.pl.”作主语,用复数。① One and a half days is all I can spare.
② One or two days are enough to see the city.5.名词化的形容词作主语时1) “the +形容词或过去分词”:指一类人或物,用复数;
指某一个人或抽象概念,用单数。① Only the poor know what poverty means.② The departed was a good friend of his.2) the above, the aforesaid, the below, the former, the latter等表示
前后照应的词组,应根据所指对象决定动词的单复数。① The above is/ are the most important fact/ facts.② Of pigs and cows, the former are less valuable.6.形式为复数、意义为单数的名词作主语1)表示度量、时间、价格的名词作主语,把其看做一个整体,谓语
动词用单数① Ten dollars is not enough.② Fifteen miles seems like a long walk to me.2)以-ics结尾表示学科的名词作主语,通常表示单数意义,谓语
动词用单数① Physics is taught by George Yang.② Mathematics is an important subject.3) trousers, pants, tongs, glasses, scissors, compasses等作主语
时,谓语动词用复数;但这类名词用a pair of时,谓语动词用单数。① Her glasses are new. ② This pair of scissors was made in Hangzhou.4)书名、组织名、国家名或格言作主语时,谓语动词用单数;
表示山脉、群岛、瀑布的专有名词作主语时,谓语动词用复数。① The Arabian Nights is read all over the world.② The Alps rise over four countries.5) headquarters, means, series, species, works等作主语时,谓语
动词的单复数由主语的意义决定① Every possible means has been tried.
② All possible means have been tried.6) arms, contents, fireworks, goods, morals,
oats, riches, stairs, suburbs, surroundings,
thanks, wages等作主语,谓语动词用复数① The contents of this book are most
interesting.② The surroundings here are usually quiet.7. the number of, many a …等作主语时1) the number of…作主语,谓语动词用单数;
a number of…作主语,谓语动词用复数。① The number of the people who own cars is increasing every
year.
② A large number of people have applied for the job.2) many a, more than one +C.n.single作主语, 谓语用单数① Many a student has made the mistake.
② There is more than one answer to your question.8.集体名词作主语1) cattle, militia, police, clerk, poultry, vermin等作主语,用复数2) audience, board, class, crew, committee, family, government,
team, group等作主语时,把其看成一个整体,谓语动词用单数;
指集体名词中的各个成员时,用复数。The committee has considered your request.
The committee are divided in their opinion.3)有些以-ch, -ese, -iss, -sh结尾的表示国家、民族的a.与定冠词the
连用,指整个民族,表示复数意义,谓语动词用复数。The Chinese are kind and friendly.9. one of +复数名词+定语从句谓语动词一般为复数,但one被the only或any等词修饰的时候,
谓语动词用单数 This is one of the rooms that were damaged in the fire.
This is the only one of his short stories that is not well written. 10.从句作主语时1.在“主语+连系动词+表语”的结构中,若what引导的从句作主语,
表语又是单数,谓语动词用单数;若表语是复数,就用复数。 What he’d like most for a birthday present is a camera.
What his father left him are a few English books.2.当what从句是具有复数意义的并列结构时,谓语动词用复数What I say and think are no business of yours.3.以who, why, how, whether或that引导主语从句,谓语动词用单数Why she did this is not known.4.两个由and连接的主语从句,如果表示两件事情,谓语动词用复数What caused the accident and who was responsible for it remain
a mystery to us. Agreement (主谓一致) ??????? 一、选择填空
1.The number of people invited ________ fifty, but a
number of them ______ absent for different reasons.
A. were; was B. was; was
C. was; were D. were; were
2.The number of students in this school ______ by 5%
every year.
A. rise B. raise C. rises D. raises
3.A library with five thousand books _____ to the
nation as a gift.
A. is offered B. has offered
C. are offered D. have offered
CCA4.E-mail, as well as telephones, ____ an important part
in daily communication.
A. is playing B. have played C. are played D. play
5.Nobody but Jane _______ the secret.
A. Know B. knows
C. have known D. is known
6.All but one ______ here just now.
A.is B. was C. has been D. were
7.Either you or the headmaster ____ the prizes to these
gifted students at the meeting.
D. is to hand out A. is handing out
B. are to hand out C. are handing out
8.Not only I but also Jane and Mary ______ tired
of having one examination after another.
A. is B. are C. am D. ABDDB9.She is one of the few girls who _____ in the
kindergarten.
A. is well paid B. are well paid
C. is paying D. are paid well
10._____ of the land in that district _____ covered
with trees and grass.
A. Two fifth; is B. Two fifth; are
C. Two fifths; is D. Two fifths; are
11.When and where to build the new factory ____ yet.
A. is not decided B. are not decided
C. has not decided D. have not decided
12.There _____ no life on the moon.
A. is said to have B. are said to have
C. is said to be D. are said to be
BCAC13 . ----Each of the students, working hard at his or
her lessons, ____ to go to university.
----So do I.
A. hope B. hopes C. hoping D. hoped
14. A group of _______ are eating ____ and ____
at the foot of the hill.
A. sheep; grass; leaves B. sheeps; grasses; leaves
C. sheep; grass; leaf D. sheeps; grass; leafs
15. All the ____ are made of _______, not plastics.
A. glass; glass B. glasses; glass
C. glass; glasses D. glasses;glasses
16. It was he and I who _____ at your house yesterday.
A. was B. am C. were D. is
17. All means that _____ possible _____ been used to save
him
A. is; have B. were; have C. was; has D. are; has
BABCB二.用所给词的适当形式填空
1.?? Her advice _______ useful to me. ( be )
2.?? Laying eggs _______ the queen ant’s full-time job.
( be )
3.?? Everyone _______ Tom and Mary will get married
next month. (know)
4.?? Nothing ______ been done to stop the lake from
being polluted. (have)
5.?? Either of the rooms ____ big enough.( be )
6.?? More than one person _____ killed in the
accident. ( be )
7.?? More questions than one _______ been asked. ( have)
8.?? A poor woman together with her four children
______ found begging in the street. ( be )
isisknowshasis washavewas 9.??The professor, including all of his students ______
gone abroad. ( have)
10.?? Two hours _____ enough for us to finish the
work. ( be )
11.?? One hundred dollars a month _____ not
a high pay. ( be )
12.?? Arabian Nights _____ a book popular with the
young children. ( be )
13.?? Politics _______ not easy for the students to
learn well. ( be )
14.?? The youth ______ fond of rock ’n roll music. ( be )
15.?? Fifty tons of coal _______ wasted in the factory
last year. ( be )
16.?? A large quantity of new machines _______ been
bought by the factory this year. ( have )hasisisisisarewerehave 17.?? Collecting stamps and playing the guitar _____
my hobbies.
18.?? Each boy and each girl ______ to finish the work
on time. ( be )
19.?? What they needed _____ some water. ( be )
20.?? Nearly 60 percent of the students in our class
____ boys. ( be )
21.?? More than two thirds of the surface of the earth
___ covered by water. ( be )
22.?? Neither my parents nor my sister _______ known
the secret. ( have )
23.?? There ___ some water and stones in the bottle. ( be )
?
areisisareishasis三.对比选择填空:
1.a. He is the only one of the students that _______
got full mark.
b. He is one of the students that ______ got full make.
A. is B. are C. has D. have
2. a. Three fourths of the teachers present _____ against
the plan.
b. Three fourths of the surface of the earth ______
covered with water.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
3. a. The famous singer and dancer ____ our party this
evening.
b. The famous singer and the famous dancer _____ our
party this evening.
A. are going to attend B. was to attend
C. were to attend D. is going to attendCDBADA4. a. A number of students ____ from the country.
b. The number of students _____ 900.
A. is B. are C. has D. have
5. a. Where and when to have the party _____ not been
decided yet.
b. What I say and think _____ nothing to do with you.
A. is B. has C. are D. have
6. a. Many a boy ______ this kind of bicycle.
b. Many boys ______ this kind of bicycle.
A. like B. likes
7. a. All but one ________ here now.
b. There is nothing unusual. All _____ going well.
A. has B. is C. have D. are
BABBBADB8. a. What she wants ____ more time.
b. What she wants ____ more sheep.
A. has B. have C. is D. are
9. a. I can work out two of the five problems, but the rest
______ too difficult for me.
b. I have finished one third of the work and the rest
_____ left for you.
A. is B. are C. has D. have
10. a. The population of the small country _____ 600,000.
b. Two thirds of the population in this small country
____ farmers.
A. has B. have C. is D. are
11. a. The basketball team ______ baths now.
b. The basketball team ______ 5 members.
A. has B. is having C. are having D. have
CDBACDCA12. a. My family ________ very small.
b. The family ______ sitting round the table now.
A. is B. were C. was D. are
13.a. Either you or I ______ going to the teacher’s
office after class.
b. ______ either you or I going to the teacher’s office
after class?
A. is B. are C. am D. has
14.a. They each ______ a new English-Chinese dictionary.
b. Each of them ______ a new English-Chinese dictionary.
A. has B, have C. is D. are
15.a. A scientist and some of his assistants _____ to help
to do the work.
b. A scientist , as well as some of his assistants, ____ to
help to do the work.
A. sent B. send C. were sent D. was sent
ADCCBACD 15.a. There __ a magazine, a few letters and some
newspapers on the table.
b. There ___ a few letters, a magazine and some
newspaper on the table.
A. is B. are C. have D. has
16.a. Either of the street ______ lined by trees and
flowers.
b. Both of the street _______ lined by trees and
flowers.
A. is B. are C. have D. has
17.a. All that he needs ________ more time and money.
b. All that he needs ________ more natural
resources.
A. is B. are C. have D. has
ABABAB 18.a. The rest of the students in the school ____ going
to stay at school.
b. The rest of his income _______ to give to his
mother.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
19.a. The sheep that he has raised _____ white ones.
b.?The sheep he is going to give to his son _______
a young one.
A. is B. are C. have D. has
BABAThe End