主谓一致[上学期]
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课件26张PPT。Grammar 主谓一致例1 Not only I but Jane and Mary ______ tired of having one examination after another. (89’) A. is B. are C. am D. be析: 由“or, either…or, neither…nor, not…but, not only… but also”连接两个并列主语时，动词与靠近的主语保持一致。
e.g. ______ you or he the teacher of English?
Neither my sister nor my mother ______ present at the meeting.
A. Are, was B. Is, were
C. Are, are D. Is, is VB例2 A library with five thousand books ______ to the nation as a gift. (90’) A. is offered B. has offered C. are offered D. have offered析: 一般说来，主语后带有with, together with, as well as, including, but, rather than, no less than词语时，其谓语动词随主语。
e.g. The monitor as well as his classmates was given a reward for working hard.V例3 When and where to build the new factory ______ yet. (91’) A. is not decided B. are not decided C. has not decoded D. have not decided析: 当when和where加不定式指的是同一件事时，谓语动词用单数。 A例4 I , not you, ______ in the wrong. Not I but he ______ been invited. A. were, have B. were, has C. was, has D. was, have例5 Every boy and every girl ______ that each day and each hour brings ______ duty.
A. know, their B. knows, their
C. knows, its D. know, itsV析：every并列使用时，动词取单数。C析: 有否定形式加入时，动词看肯定形式。I. 由and连接的名词作主语时:1.由and连接的两个不同概念的名词作主语时，动词要用复数：
e.g. Both you and I are going to attend the meeting.
What he said and what he did agreed with each other.
2.如果后面加，谓语也用单数形式。
e.g. Black, and not Mary, was chosen monitor.
She, and not you, is going to speak at the meeting.
All work and no play has made you a fool.
3. and连接的并列主语为单数概念。主语前面分别由each，every，no等词来修饰时，动词用单数。以many a或more than one修饰的单数名词后面的谓语用单数形式，但其意义是复数性的。
e.g. Each doctor and each nurse was sent for.
Every boy and every girl is able to go to school now.
Many a boy is fond of playing football.
More than one student enjoys folk-music.
No teacher and no student agrees to have classes on
Sunday.
注：在以each，every，no修饰的并列主语中的两个名词前不能加冠词。如果并列的两个名词前分别加定冠词变成复数概念，此时，放在后面作同位语，动词仍用复数形式。
e.g. The boy and the girl were each given an apple.4.当and连接的为同一人、事或概念时，这时and后的名词前没有冠词，其动词用单数：
e.g. The singer and composer is coming to our school.
Bread and butter is often served for breakfast.
Pork and Chinese cabbage is one of my favourite dishes.
常见的由and连接的指一个概念的有：the needle and thread, salt and water, the folk and knife, soap and water, iron and steel等。II.当主语后面接说明主语的 修饰词或插入语时：谓语动词的数不受修饰成分的影响，仍与主语一致。
常见的有：with, along with, together with, as well as, like,no less than, rather than, more than, as much as, but, except, besides, including等。
e.g. The old man, along with his grandson, had to speed up his steps.
Russian, as well as English, is taught in our school.
Bamboo, like a tree, grows tall and straight.
The house, including the garden and the garage, was sold out.III.当集合名词做主语时：根据句子内容，谓语动词既可是单数，也可是复数。
常用人的集合名词有：group, class, team, family, nation, army, audience, crowd, public, government。
e.g. The whole nation regarded Premier Zhou as one of the greatest leaders.
My family is a happy family.
My family all love music.
The audience was in good order. (指整体状态)
The audience were greatly encouraged.( 指具体的人)
注：有些集合名词如people、cattle等在任何情况下都与复数形式搭配。IV.就近原则：以连词or，either…or，nor，neither…nor，not only…but (also)...连接的名词或代词作主语时，谓语与其相邻的保持一致。
e.g. You or I am going to meet Prof. Li at the station.
Among the boys, one or two are able to jump 1.6 metres.
Neither Mary not her parents were invited to the party.
There is a bed, a table and two chairs in her room.
V. 以某些“不定代词或表示数量的词+of+名词”结构，谓语形式要与of后边的名词保持一致。e.g.
70 percent of the surface is covered with water.
70 percent of the farmers have improved their living conditions.
The rest of his journey was pleasant.
The rest of the girls are fond of music.
All of your work is well done.
All of your answers are correct.注意：1. one of +复数名词+（单）谓语，如：
One of the students is from the south.
2. one of+复数名词+定语从句（从句动词用单数），如：
He is one of the boys who are ready to help others.
3. the (only) one of+名词（复数）+定语从句，从句中谓语动词用单数，表示众多中只有一个，如：
He is the only one of the students who comes early.
4. a number of和the number of
e.g. The number of the students in the school is 1,250.
A number of students are waiting outside the gate.VI. “the + adj.(分词或数词)”结构起名词作用时：如果这个结构表示的是一类人，谓语动词用复数形式，如果这个结构表示抽象概念（或具体的某个人），谓语用单数形式。
e.g. The old are being taken good care of.
There is an old man and a young man in the room now. The old is the father of the young.
The unexpected was not prevented in those days.VII. 表示重量、距离、金钱、一段时间及由one and a half修饰的复数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式：e.g.
Twenty dollars isn’t enough to buy the book.
Ten miles isn’t long.
Five times five is twenty-five.
One and a half apples is lying on the plate.Please make the best choice! 1. Do you know _____________.
A. what is the police looking for
B. what are the police looking for
C. what the police are looking for
D. what the police is looking for
2. _____ he ______ I finished the experiment?
A. Have neither/nor B. Has neither/nor
C. Have neither/or D. Have either /or
3. The old ____ well looked after by the government in China.
A. is B. are C. has been D. was
4.The secretary and manager ________ very busy now.
A. is B. are C.has been D. wereCBBA 5. Both the secretary and the manager________ agreed to attend the meeting.
A. has B. have C. are D. is
6. During the holidays every train and ship ______ crowded.
A. are B. were C. was D. has
7. Tom as well as two of his classmates _____ invited to the party.
A.was B. were C. have been D.had been
8. Most of his spare time _____spent in reading.
A. are B. were C. was D. have beenBCAC9.Ten thousand dollars ______ quite a large sum.
A. are B. is C.has D. have
10.About 20 percent of the work ________ done yesterday.
A. are B. is C., were D. was
11.When and where to build the new factory ______ yet.
A. is not decided B. are not decided
C. has not decided D. have not decided
12.The United States _____ founded in 1776.
A. was B. is C. were D. areBDAA13.This pair of shoes _____ made in our factory.
A. is B. are C. have been D. had been
14.No one except my parents _____ anything about it.
A. know B. knows
C. is knowing D. have known
15.A number of students ______ from the south.
A. are B. is C. have D. has
16.The number of students from the south _____ small.
A. are B. is C. have D. hasABAB17.John is the only one of the students in our class who ____ to school on foot.
A. go B. goes C. have gone D. are going
18.It is not I who ______ wrong.
A. is B. are C. am D. has been
19.He said that his family ____ all very well.
A. are B. were C. is D. was
20.One and a half apples _______ on the table.
A. is leaving B. is left C. are left D. left
21.Where ____ that five pounds I lent you?
A. is B. have C. was D. wereBCBBA22." I " _____ the ninth letter of the English Alphaber.
A. are B. be C. is D. am
23.Six times seven ______ forty-two.
A. are B. is C. have D. was
24.The United States _____ made up of 50 states, one of which ______Kentucky.
A. is /are B. is/is C. are/is D. are/are
25.The population of the city ______ increasing fast.
A. were B. be C. is D. areCBBC26.One third of the population here ________ workers. A. is B. have C. be D.are 27.Now the police ____ searching the town for the lost child. A. was B. were C. is D. are 28.Two of them will go first, the rest ______ to stay. A. is B. are C. used D. has 29.He was the one of the students who ______ praised at the meeting. A. was B. were C. is D. are 30.The scientist and professor ____ left for Russia. A. have B. has C. is D, areDDDAB31.Many a boy ______ made such a funny experiment.
A. have B. are C. has D. is
32.Every means _______ been tried since then.
A. has B. were C. was D. has been
ADHomework:
1. Review Unit 7.
2. Preview Unit 8.Thank you very much!
e.g. ______ you or he the teacher of English?
Neither my sister nor my mother ______ present at the meeting.
A. Are, was B. Is, were
C. Are, are D. Is, is VB例2 A library with five thousand books ______ to the nation as a gift. (90’) A. is offered B. has offered C. are offered D. have offered析: 一般说来，主语后带有with, together with, as well as, including, but, rather than, no less than词语时，其谓语动词随主语。
e.g. The monitor as well as his classmates was given a reward for working hard.V例3 When and where to build the new factory ______ yet. (91’) A. is not decided B. are not decided C. has not decoded D. have not decided析: 当when和where加不定式指的是同一件事时，谓语动词用单数。 A例4 I , not you, ______ in the wrong. Not I but he ______ been invited. A. were, have B. were, has C. was, has D. was, have例5 Every boy and every girl ______ that each day and each hour brings ______ duty.
A. know, their B. knows, their
C. knows, its D. know, itsV析：every并列使用时，动词取单数。C析: 有否定形式加入时，动词看肯定形式。I. 由and连接的名词作主语时:1.由and连接的两个不同概念的名词作主语时，动词要用复数：
e.g. Both you and I are going to attend the meeting.
What he said and what he did agreed with each other.
2.如果后面加，谓语也用单数形式。
e.g. Black, and not Mary, was chosen monitor.
She, and not you, is going to speak at the meeting.
All work and no play has made you a fool.
3. and连接的并列主语为单数概念。主语前面分别由each，every，no等词来修饰时，动词用单数。以many a或more than one修饰的单数名词后面的谓语用单数形式，但其意义是复数性的。
e.g. Each doctor and each nurse was sent for.
Every boy and every girl is able to go to school now.
Many a boy is fond of playing football.
More than one student enjoys folk-music.
No teacher and no student agrees to have classes on
Sunday.
注：在以each，every，no修饰的并列主语中的两个名词前不能加冠词。如果并列的两个名词前分别加定冠词变成复数概念，此时，放在后面作同位语，动词仍用复数形式。
e.g. The boy and the girl were each given an apple.4.当and连接的为同一人、事或概念时，这时and后的名词前没有冠词，其动词用单数：
e.g. The singer and composer is coming to our school.
Bread and butter is often served for breakfast.
Pork and Chinese cabbage is one of my favourite dishes.
常见的由and连接的指一个概念的有：the needle and thread, salt and water, the folk and knife, soap and water, iron and steel等。II.当主语后面接说明主语的 修饰词或插入语时：谓语动词的数不受修饰成分的影响，仍与主语一致。
常见的有：with, along with, together with, as well as, like,no less than, rather than, more than, as much as, but, except, besides, including等。
e.g. The old man, along with his grandson, had to speed up his steps.
Russian, as well as English, is taught in our school.
Bamboo, like a tree, grows tall and straight.
The house, including the garden and the garage, was sold out.III.当集合名词做主语时：根据句子内容，谓语动词既可是单数，也可是复数。
常用人的集合名词有：group, class, team, family, nation, army, audience, crowd, public, government。
e.g. The whole nation regarded Premier Zhou as one of the greatest leaders.
My family is a happy family.
My family all love music.
The audience was in good order. (指整体状态)
The audience were greatly encouraged.( 指具体的人)
注：有些集合名词如people、cattle等在任何情况下都与复数形式搭配。IV.就近原则：以连词or，either…or，nor，neither…nor，not only…but (also)...连接的名词或代词作主语时，谓语与其相邻的保持一致。
e.g. You or I am going to meet Prof. Li at the station.
Among the boys, one or two are able to jump 1.6 metres.
Neither Mary not her parents were invited to the party.
There is a bed, a table and two chairs in her room.
V. 以某些“不定代词或表示数量的词+of+名词”结构，谓语形式要与of后边的名词保持一致。e.g.
70 percent of the surface is covered with water.
70 percent of the farmers have improved their living conditions.
The rest of his journey was pleasant.
The rest of the girls are fond of music.
All of your work is well done.
All of your answers are correct.注意：1. one of +复数名词+（单）谓语，如：
One of the students is from the south.
2. one of+复数名词+定语从句（从句动词用单数），如：
He is one of the boys who are ready to help others.
3. the (only) one of+名词（复数）+定语从句，从句中谓语动词用单数，表示众多中只有一个，如：
He is the only one of the students who comes early.
4. a number of和the number of
e.g. The number of the students in the school is 1,250.
A number of students are waiting outside the gate.VI. “the + adj.(分词或数词)”结构起名词作用时：如果这个结构表示的是一类人，谓语动词用复数形式，如果这个结构表示抽象概念（或具体的某个人），谓语用单数形式。
e.g. The old are being taken good care of.
There is an old man and a young man in the room now. The old is the father of the young.
The unexpected was not prevented in those days.VII. 表示重量、距离、金钱、一段时间及由one and a half修饰的复数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式：e.g.
Twenty dollars isn’t enough to buy the book.
Ten miles isn’t long.
Five times five is twenty-five.
One and a half apples is lying on the plate.Please make the best choice! 1. Do you know _____________.
A. what is the police looking for
B. what are the police looking for
C. what the police are looking for
D. what the police is looking for
2. _____ he ______ I finished the experiment?
A. Have neither/nor B. Has neither/nor
C. Have neither/or D. Have either /or
3. The old ____ well looked after by the government in China.
A. is B. are C. has been D. was
4.The secretary and manager ________ very busy now.
A. is B. are C.has been D. wereCBBA 5. Both the secretary and the manager________ agreed to attend the meeting.
A. has B. have C. are D. is
6. During the holidays every train and ship ______ crowded.
A. are B. were C. was D. has
7. Tom as well as two of his classmates _____ invited to the party.
A.was B. were C. have been D.had been
8. Most of his spare time _____spent in reading.
A. are B. were C. was D. have beenBCAC9.Ten thousand dollars ______ quite a large sum.
A. are B. is C.has D. have
10.About 20 percent of the work ________ done yesterday.
A. are B. is C., were D. was
11.When and where to build the new factory ______ yet.
A. is not decided B. are not decided
C. has not decided D. have not decided
12.The United States _____ founded in 1776.
A. was B. is C. were D. areBDAA13.This pair of shoes _____ made in our factory.
A. is B. are C. have been D. had been
14.No one except my parents _____ anything about it.
A. know B. knows
C. is knowing D. have known
15.A number of students ______ from the south.
A. are B. is C. have D. has
16.The number of students from the south _____ small.
A. are B. is C. have D. hasABAB17.John is the only one of the students in our class who ____ to school on foot.
A. go B. goes C. have gone D. are going
18.It is not I who ______ wrong.
A. is B. are C. am D. has been
19.He said that his family ____ all very well.
A. are B. were C. is D. was
20.One and a half apples _______ on the table.
A. is leaving B. is left C. are left D. left
21.Where ____ that five pounds I lent you?
A. is B. have C. was D. wereBCBBA22." I " _____ the ninth letter of the English Alphaber.
A. are B. be C. is D. am
23.Six times seven ______ forty-two.
A. are B. is C. have D. was
24.The United States _____ made up of 50 states, one of which ______Kentucky.
A. is /are B. is/is C. are/is D. are/are
25.The population of the city ______ increasing fast.
A. were B. be C. is D. areCBBC26.One third of the population here ________ workers. A. is B. have C. be D.are 27.Now the police ____ searching the town for the lost child. A. was B. were C. is D. are 28.Two of them will go first, the rest ______ to stay. A. is B. are C. used D. has 29.He was the one of the students who ______ praised at the meeting. A. was B. were C. is D. are 30.The scientist and professor ____ left for Russia. A. have B. has C. is D, areDDDAB31.Many a boy ______ made such a funny experiment.
A. have B. are C. has D. is
32.Every means _______ been tried since then.
A. has B. were C. was D. has been
ADHomework:
1. Review Unit 7.
2. Preview Unit 8.Thank you very much!