主谓一致[下学期]
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课件31张PPT。Subject---Verb Agreement主谓一致学习主谓一致所应注意的原则 英语中，主语的单复数形式决定着谓语动词的单复数形式。主谓一致需遵循以下三条原则：语法一致原则、意义一致原则、就近一致原则。如果意义上指同一个人、同一件事或同一概念时，谓动要用单数。The singer and writer __famous to everyone.
The singer and the writer___ famous to everyone. is are2). 一个单数名词同时被两个不同的形容词修饰，表示两个不同的概念时，谓动应用复数。Ancient(古代）and modern history are the subjects we are studying.但如果表示的是同一概念时，谓动应用单数。The last and most difficult lesson is lesson14.3).当each…and each…, every…and every…, no…and no…, many a…and many a….,more than one 等结构做主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。① No man and no animal is to be found on the moon.在月球上没有发现人和动物。
② More than one student is busy with their homework.不止一名学生在忙着做作业。三、集体名词做主语时的主谓一致1).有生命的词，如cattle, police, people等做主语时，谓动常用复数。The police ____investigating the crime.
The cattle _____ kept in his farm. are are单复数同形的名词作主语时，谓语动词应根据意义决定单、复数。
A sheep ____over there.
Some sheep ______over there.
复数形式的名词作主语时，按意义一致原则(works ,means ,species ,Chinese等）。
The glass works _____ set up in 1980.
These glass works ____near the railway. is are was are2).无生命的词，如clothing, furniture, traffic, jewellery, baggage, equipment, luggage merchandise(商品、货物）等做主语时，谓动用单数。All the machinery in this factory is made in China.Clothing is badly needed in this flooded area. 3).audience,class, crew, committee, family, team, group,army,police等做主语时，如指一整体，谓动用单数；如指全体中的每一个成员，谓动则用复数。① The football team _____being recognized.
② The football team ______having baths and _______ coming back here for tea.is are are---- A: How many people are there in your family?
--- B: There are six.
--- A: Woo! Your family ___ a big one.
Can you tell me your hobbies?
--- B: Ok! My parents like running, my
two sisters like swimming, my
brother and I like playing football.
--- A: So your family all ____ sports.islike四、不定代词做主语时的主谓一致1).不定代词 each,another,the other, either, neither 和由some, any, no, every + one/thing/body 所构成的复合代词做主语时，谓动用单数形式。① Neither has gone through regular training.
② Nobody wants to go there.
③ Something has been done to end the strike.不定代词 anyone, anybody, anything, everyone, everybody, everything,
someone, somebody, something, no one, nobody, nothing, each, the other 等作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 2). None 和 neither 有时当作单数看待，有时当作复数看待，主要根据说话人的意思决定。做主语时，谓动可用单数，也可用复数。但在代表不可数名词时常看作单数，因而谓动须用单数。None of the money in the pocket ___his.
None of the bags ________ mine.
Neither of his parents ______ a lawyer. is is /are is/ are3). both,(a) few, many, several 等做主语时，谓动常用复数。Both (of) the instruments are not precise ones.4). all 做主语表示人时，谓动用复数；若表物，谓动则用单数。 All______ present and all ____
going well areis五.就近原则:当用作主语的两个名词或代词由or, either…or , neither…nor… 或 not only…but also ,not …but
连接时,谓语通常与邻近的名词或代词保持一致。 由there 或here 引导的句子，主语不止一个名词是， 谓语动词通常与邻近的名词或代词保持一致。There _______ two books and a dictionary on the table.
There _______ a dictionary and two books on the table. are is六.就前原则:主语后如有下面词或短语,如 with, along with, together with, as well as, like, rather than, but, except, besides, including，in addition to等,谓语动词与前面的主语一致。Mr. Black , as well as two women, ______
at the office.isMr. Black with,
together with,
along with八、形式为复数、意义为单数的名词做主语时的主谓一致1）. ①主语为表示时间，重量，距离，金钱的名词词组时，谓语动词一般用单数。②用作书名、报刊名、国名等的复数名词，通常都按单数看待。Three years is long enough for completing the project.
Ten thousand US dollars is a lot of money.
One hundred kilometers is a good distance.
The Selected Poems was first published in 1965.
The United States is a developed country.
The United Nations has passed a resolution(决定).2）.两数相加、相乘，谓动单复数均可；两数相减、相除，谓动只用单数。①Thirty-six from forty _________(leave)six.
②Six times seven ________
forty-two.leaves is/ are3）.主语是以-ics结尾的学科时，谓动一般用单数；如：mathematics, politics, physics, economics； 九、百分数、分数做主语时的主谓一致当百分数、分数后加名词或代词时，要根据这个名词或代词来确定其谓动的单复数形式。Twenty percent o f workers in the factory ________ women.
The rest of the story ______ no telling.(need)
He stayed at home and the rest of the boys _____ out at play.
Three fourths of the people present _____ against the plan.
Three fourths of the surface of the earth ___ covered with water. areneeds were areis5. ①一些常用复数形式的名词，e.g. clothes, trousers, scissors, shoes, socks, slippers, glasses等作主语时，谓语动词一般要用复数；
②主语由a kind of, a set of, a suit of, a type of, a row of, a series of, a pair of, this pair of, a piece of 等修饰时，谓语动词要和这些词保持一致.
③表示数量的“one and a half”后面要接复数名词，谓语动词用单数。My trousers are being washed.
-Where are my glasses?
-There is a pair of thick glasses.
There are three types of tiger living in China.
There is a kind of tree in the garden which flowers
once every two years.
One and a half bananas is left on the table.A pair of shoes ______ on the desk .
This kind of men ____ dangerous .
Men of this kind _____ dangerous.
A number of students ______ gone home.
The number of pages in this book ____ two hundred.
Quantities of food _____ on the table.
A large amount of money ______ spent on the bridge.
Large amounts of money ______ spent on the bridge is is are haveis are was were十、“the+形容词/过去分词做主语的主谓一致“the+形容词/过去分词”表示一类人或事物时，谓动用复数；若指某一抽象概念，则用单数。①The unemployed are losing hope.
②The best is yet to come.十一定语从句中的主谓一致。关系代词who, that, which 在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词要与先行词保持一致。She is one of the girls who ______been invited.
She is the only one of the girls who ______ been
invented.
Those who ______(want)to go should sign your
names here.
Anyone who ________(break)the law should be
punished.
have has want breaks1）.动词不定式、动名词、从句做主语，谓动用单数。To learn English well is difficult.
Reading English newspapers helps to improve our English.
Whether we’ll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.
When and where to build the new factory is not decided yet.十二、从句、不定式、-ing形式做主语时的主谓一致When he was born and where he was born _______
not been found out. have2).在以what从句作主语的”主系表“结构中，主句的谓动要以表语名词的单复数而定。① What caused the accident ____a complete mystery.
② What his father left him _____a few English books.
is are Multiple choice:
1. On the wall______ two large portraits.
A. hangs B. hang C. hanged D. hanging
2. “News of victories _____ pouring in as our army advances,”
the company commander said.
A. keep B. keeps C. kept D. have kept
3. There _____ a lot of milk in the bottle.
A. are B. is C. were D. has
4. Zhang’s family ____ rather big, with twelve people in all.
A. is B. are C. being D. was
5. Nobody but Jane ____ the secret.
A. know B. knows C. have known D. is known6. All but one _____ here just now.
A. is B. was C. has been D. were
7. A library with five thousand books ____ to the nation as a gift.
A. is offered B. has offered C. are offered D. have offered
8. Not only I but also Jane and Mary __ tired of having one exam
after another.
A. is B. are C. am D. be
9. The number of people invited ____ fifty, but a number of them ____ absent for different reasons.
A. were; was B. was; was C. was; were D. were; were
10. When and where to build the new factory _____ yet.
A. is not decided B. are not decided
C. has not decided D. have not decided
The singer and the writer___ famous to everyone. is are2). 一个单数名词同时被两个不同的形容词修饰，表示两个不同的概念时，谓动应用复数。Ancient(古代）and modern history are the subjects we are studying.但如果表示的是同一概念时，谓动应用单数。The last and most difficult lesson is lesson14.3).当each…and each…, every…and every…, no…and no…, many a…and many a….,more than one 等结构做主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。① No man and no animal is to be found on the moon.在月球上没有发现人和动物。
② More than one student is busy with their homework.不止一名学生在忙着做作业。三、集体名词做主语时的主谓一致1).有生命的词，如cattle, police, people等做主语时，谓动常用复数。The police ____investigating the crime.
The cattle _____ kept in his farm. are are单复数同形的名词作主语时，谓语动词应根据意义决定单、复数。
A sheep ____over there.
Some sheep ______over there.
复数形式的名词作主语时，按意义一致原则(works ,means ,species ,Chinese等）。
The glass works _____ set up in 1980.
These glass works ____near the railway. is are was are2).无生命的词，如clothing, furniture, traffic, jewellery, baggage, equipment, luggage merchandise(商品、货物）等做主语时，谓动用单数。All the machinery in this factory is made in China.Clothing is badly needed in this flooded area. 3).audience,class, crew, committee, family, team, group,army,police等做主语时，如指一整体，谓动用单数；如指全体中的每一个成员，谓动则用复数。① The football team _____being recognized.
② The football team ______having baths and _______ coming back here for tea.is are are---- A: How many people are there in your family?
--- B: There are six.
--- A: Woo! Your family ___ a big one.
Can you tell me your hobbies?
--- B: Ok! My parents like running, my
two sisters like swimming, my
brother and I like playing football.
--- A: So your family all ____ sports.islike四、不定代词做主语时的主谓一致1).不定代词 each,another,the other, either, neither 和由some, any, no, every + one/thing/body 所构成的复合代词做主语时，谓动用单数形式。① Neither has gone through regular training.
② Nobody wants to go there.
③ Something has been done to end the strike.不定代词 anyone, anybody, anything, everyone, everybody, everything,
someone, somebody, something, no one, nobody, nothing, each, the other 等作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 2). None 和 neither 有时当作单数看待，有时当作复数看待，主要根据说话人的意思决定。做主语时，谓动可用单数，也可用复数。但在代表不可数名词时常看作单数，因而谓动须用单数。None of the money in the pocket ___his.
None of the bags ________ mine.
Neither of his parents ______ a lawyer. is is /are is/ are3). both,(a) few, many, several 等做主语时，谓动常用复数。Both (of) the instruments are not precise ones.4). all 做主语表示人时，谓动用复数；若表物，谓动则用单数。 All______ present and all ____
going well areis五.就近原则:当用作主语的两个名词或代词由or, either…or , neither…nor… 或 not only…but also ,not …but
连接时,谓语通常与邻近的名词或代词保持一致。 由there 或here 引导的句子，主语不止一个名词是， 谓语动词通常与邻近的名词或代词保持一致。There _______ two books and a dictionary on the table.
There _______ a dictionary and two books on the table. are is六.就前原则:主语后如有下面词或短语,如 with, along with, together with, as well as, like, rather than, but, except, besides, including，in addition to等,谓语动词与前面的主语一致。Mr. Black , as well as two women, ______
at the office.isMr. Black with,
together with,
along with八、形式为复数、意义为单数的名词做主语时的主谓一致1）. ①主语为表示时间，重量，距离，金钱的名词词组时，谓语动词一般用单数。②用作书名、报刊名、国名等的复数名词，通常都按单数看待。Three years is long enough for completing the project.
Ten thousand US dollars is a lot of money.
One hundred kilometers is a good distance.
The Selected Poems was first published in 1965.
The United States is a developed country.
The United Nations has passed a resolution(决定).2）.两数相加、相乘，谓动单复数均可；两数相减、相除，谓动只用单数。①Thirty-six from forty _________(leave)six.
②Six times seven ________
forty-two.leaves is/ are3）.主语是以-ics结尾的学科时，谓动一般用单数；如：mathematics, politics, physics, economics； 九、百分数、分数做主语时的主谓一致当百分数、分数后加名词或代词时，要根据这个名词或代词来确定其谓动的单复数形式。Twenty percent o f workers in the factory ________ women.
The rest of the story ______ no telling.(need)
He stayed at home and the rest of the boys _____ out at play.
Three fourths of the people present _____ against the plan.
Three fourths of the surface of the earth ___ covered with water. areneeds were areis5. ①一些常用复数形式的名词，e.g. clothes, trousers, scissors, shoes, socks, slippers, glasses等作主语时，谓语动词一般要用复数；
②主语由a kind of, a set of, a suit of, a type of, a row of, a series of, a pair of, this pair of, a piece of 等修饰时，谓语动词要和这些词保持一致.
③表示数量的“one and a half”后面要接复数名词，谓语动词用单数。My trousers are being washed.
-Where are my glasses?
-There is a pair of thick glasses.
There are three types of tiger living in China.
There is a kind of tree in the garden which flowers
once every two years.
One and a half bananas is left on the table.A pair of shoes ______ on the desk .
This kind of men ____ dangerous .
Men of this kind _____ dangerous.
A number of students ______ gone home.
The number of pages in this book ____ two hundred.
Quantities of food _____ on the table.
A large amount of money ______ spent on the bridge.
Large amounts of money ______ spent on the bridge is is are haveis are was were十、“the+形容词/过去分词做主语的主谓一致“the+形容词/过去分词”表示一类人或事物时，谓动用复数；若指某一抽象概念，则用单数。①The unemployed are losing hope.
②The best is yet to come.十一定语从句中的主谓一致。关系代词who, that, which 在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词要与先行词保持一致。She is one of the girls who ______been invited.
She is the only one of the girls who ______ been
invented.
Those who ______(want)to go should sign your
names here.
Anyone who ________(break)the law should be
punished.
have has want breaks1）.动词不定式、动名词、从句做主语，谓动用单数。To learn English well is difficult.
Reading English newspapers helps to improve our English.
Whether we’ll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.
When and where to build the new factory is not decided yet.十二、从句、不定式、-ing形式做主语时的主谓一致When he was born and where he was born _______
not been found out. have2).在以what从句作主语的”主系表“结构中，主句的谓动要以表语名词的单复数而定。① What caused the accident ____a complete mystery.
② What his father left him _____a few English books.
is are Multiple choice:
1. On the wall______ two large portraits.
A. hangs B. hang C. hanged D. hanging
2. “News of victories _____ pouring in as our army advances,”
the company commander said.
A. keep B. keeps C. kept D. have kept
3. There _____ a lot of milk in the bottle.
A. are B. is C. were D. has
4. Zhang’s family ____ rather big, with twelve people in all.
A. is B. are C. being D. was
5. Nobody but Jane ____ the secret.
A. know B. knows C. have known D. is known6. All but one _____ here just now.
A. is B. was C. has been D. were
7. A library with five thousand books ____ to the nation as a gift.
A. is offered B. has offered C. are offered D. have offered
8. Not only I but also Jane and Mary __ tired of having one exam
after another.
A. is B. are C. am D. be
9. The number of people invited ____ fifty, but a number of them ____ absent for different reasons.
A. were; was B. was; was C. was; were D. were; were
10. When and where to build the new factory _____ yet.
A. is not decided B. are not decided
C. has not decided D. have not decided