2007年新人教版英语高考非谓语动词 复习[上学期]

高考时态、语态复习
直接考查时态、语态知识的试题主要体现在单项选择和改错两个题型中，而且几乎每年都会考到，因此必须将时态、语态问题作为复习的重点内容，务求达到深刻理解，熟练运用。近年来高考命题的特点是，在特定的语言环境中考查对时态、语态的理解。试题的意图往往隐蔽、迂回，迷惑项的设计技巧很高，容易干扰考生的思维。如果没有对时态概念的深刻理解，没有对语言应用环境的综合分析，便会对试题感到困惑。下面就相关知识进行一下全面总结：
【时态相关知识及运用】
1.一般现在时：经常发生的动作或规律性的动作。
1) Each person needs water and a diet of healthy food.
2) The moon travels round the earth once every month.
在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，用一般现在时表示将来的概念。引起时间状语从句的连词有：when, after, before, until, as soon as；引起条件状语从句的连词有：if, unless; so(as)long as。
I will not stop my fight against slavery until all slaves________ free.
2.一般过去时：过去发生过了的动作，这个动作的全过程已经结束。诸如yesterday, last…, …ago都是典型的一般过去时的时间状语。
1) Fortunately, I was in time for the interview.
2) The interview went well and I told the company about my experiences and answered their questions as honestly as I could.
3.一般将来时：将要发生的动作。
1) ----It’s a bit windy today, isn’t it
---Yes, it is. Hopefully tomorrow will turn out fine.
2) Do you think our manager is going to have a new factory built
4.现在进行时：说话时正在发生的动作。
I’m doing a word puzzle in this newspaper. I’m trying to find the name of a famous person. Can you help me
注意：现在进行时同always配合使用时，带有厌恶、批评，不喜欢等感彩。
They also have bad teeth, because of the sugar which they are always eating.
5.过去进行时:过去某一时间或某段时间正在进行的动作。
1）He bought a coffee and as the train was traveling fast and moving from side to side , he decided to drink it there and not to carry it back to his seat.
2) Over 500 people were working in the building when the fire broke out on the 11th floor.
6.现在完成时：与现在有联系的过去的动作。
1) Mr. Ball has just called on Mrs. Zhu to give her a message.
2) We shall have to make a decision about Ms King, whose story I have just told you.
7.过去完成时：比过去的一个参照动作或时间更早的动作，作为参照的过去的动作或时间有时在句子中直接表述出来，有时通过上下文暗示。
1) Her parents were dead and had left her a lot of money.
2) I had learnt English for three years before I came to No 5 middle school .
8.过去将来时：以过去某一时间为参照，将要发生的动作。在宾语从句中由于时态呼应的要求，经常会用到过去将来时。
I thought it was going to be fun.
9.现在完成进行时： 由过去开始，延续到现在或刚刚停滞或可能继续进行的动作。现在完成进行时在句子中一般可以翻译成“一直┉”。
People have been talking of it a lot recently.
Pippa’s parents have been waiting for them.
For years we have been dreaming better housing and jobs.
【时态主要考点】
1. 一般过去时、现在完成时、过去完成时的区别。
上述三个时态在使用中容易混淆是因为他们有相近的地方，这个相近之处就是“过去”。现在完成时和过去完成时的概念都同“过去”有关，彼此之间的混淆便由此产生。只有抓住他们的不同，才能熟练地将这三种时态区别开。
①一般过去时只用以陈述过去发生过的事情。
In a poor district in Paris, in the year 1775, there was a wine shop, the owner of which was Monsieur Defarge.
②现在完成时表达的动作虽然发生在过去，但说话时要强调的是这个过去的动作与现在有关系，语意的重心着眼于现在。这种过去的动作同现在的联系有两种情况：a)过去的动作对现在仍具有影响。
----Would you go to see the film with me this evening
----Sorry, I have seen it before.
b)过去的动作延续到现在。表示这种延续时经常会用到for、since, so far 一类时间状语。
I have worked in Beijing since I graduated from the university. (从毕业一直延续到现在)
③过去完成时必须有一个过去的动作作为参照点，由此发生了同一般过去时混淆的问题。过去完成时是一种相对的时态，它必须有一个过去的动作为参照，比这个过去的参照动作更早的动作才能用过去完成时。如果没有这个过去的参照的动作，就没有过去完成时，即使是一亿年前的动作也是一般过去时。
When I got to the cinema, the film had begun.
2. 进行时态的两种概念
现在进行时和过去进行时都具有两种不同的时间概念：瞬间概念和阶段概念。
①现在进行时的瞬间概念就是“说话的时候”。表示瞬间概念时，现在进行时的时态特点是，动作已经开始，正在过程中，但尚未结束。
1）Our country is getting stronger and stronger.
2）I’m getting on well with my English.
过去进行时的瞬间概念通常用表示“点时间”的时间状语表达出来。
I was doing my homework this time yesterday.
Mother was cooking when I came home.
②阶段概念的时间状语是“段时间”，表示在一段时间内一直在做的动作，至于动作是否结束则不是说话者所关心的。
He is writing a new novel these days.
The workers were building a bridge last year.
3. 将来时的五种动词形式
1.will(shall)+动词原形。
1）Go through the gate and you will find the entrance to Bear Country on the other side.
2）The light is on . I will turn it off . ( 表临时性的决定)
2.be going to + 动词原形，用以表示“打算做某事”或“已经有迹象将要发生的情况。
1）I’m going to cut this tree down.
2）It is going to rain. (有迹象表明将要下雨，可翻译成“ 可能” )
3.be to +动词原形，用以表示按照计划、安排即将发生的动作或表示命令、禁止, 必要性。
1）The message is this: you are to go to the hotel where rooms have already been booked for you.
2) If you are to be expected by others , you should expect others first .
4.will be doing，在当代英语中用以表示纯粹的将来。
Who will be taking over her job
Everybody else will be wearing jewellery.
5.用进行时的动词形式表示将来的概念。这种用法通常仅限于瞬间动词，因为瞬间动词不可能有“进行”的概念，所以不会产生歧义。
How many of you are making the trip
Is anybody seeing you off
6. 用一般现在时态表示按时刻表等的安排即将发生的动作。
You needn’t be in a hurry .The train leaves at six.
【语态相关知识及运用】
语态是表示主语、谓语和宾语之间相互关系的动词形式。在英语中有主动语态和被动语态之分。
在语言实践中，语态和时态总是结合在一起使用，每一个时态都有同它相对应的被动语态形式。被动语态的基本形式：语态助动词be + 过去分词。凡需进行时态变化时，只将be 变为与其相应的时态形式，过去分词永远不变。
动词do 的时态、语态形式变化对照表
主动语态 被动语态
一般现在时 do ( does ) am(is, are )+ done
一般过去时 did was(were )+ done
一般将来时 will(shall) do will be + done
现在进行时 am(is are )doing am(is,are)being+done
过去进行时 was(were) doing was(were)being+done
现在完成时 have(has) done have(has)been+done
过去完成时 had done had been+done
过去将来时 would do would be + done
现在完成进行时 have(has)been doing 没有被动形式
过去完成进行时 Had been doing 没有被动形式
1）Many of them are well received, such as Follow Me; Follow Me to Science.
2）Ships and planes can be warned so that they can keep out of the path of the hurricane.
3) They are already being used in agriculture and industry.
4) Computer will be used more and more in transport.
5) A new government programme has been designed to help disabled people .
【1990-2003年高考试题选编】
1. The new secretary is supposed to report to the manager as soon as she ______ . (1990)
A. will arrive B. arrives C. is going to arrive D. is arriving
2. A library with five thousand books ______ to the nation as a gift. (1990)
A. is offered B. has offered C. are offered D. have offered
3. When I was at college I______ three foreign languages, but I ______all except a few words of each. (1990) A. spoke ;had forgotten B. spoke ; have forgotten
C. had spoken; had forgotten D. had spoken ; have forgotten
4. The police found that the house ______ and a lot of things______. (1990)
A. has broken into ; has been stolen B. had broken into ; has been stolen
C. has been broken into ; stolen D. had been broken into ; stolen
5. --Have you moved into the house (1991)
--Not yet. The rooms ______.
A. are being painted B. are painting C. are painted D. are being painting
6. The students ______ busily when Miss Brown went to get a book she______ in the office.
A. had written ; left B. were writing ; has left
C. had written ; had left D. were writing ; had left
7. When and where to build the new factory ______ yet. (1991)
A. is not decided B. are not decided C. has not decided D. have not decided
8. When Jack arrived he learned Mary ______ for almost an hour. (1992)
A. had gone B. had set off C. had left D. had been away
9. --Do you know our town at all
--No, this is the first time I____ here. (1992)
A. was B. am going C. came D. have been
10. If city noises ____ from increasing, people _____shout to be heard even at the dinner table 20 years from now. (1992) A. are not kept ; will have to B. are not kept ;have to
C. do not keep ; will have to D. do not keep ;have to.
11. In some part of the world, tea ______ with milk and sugar. (1993)
A. is serving B. is served C. serves D. served
12. --Can I join your club, Dad
--You can when you ______ a bit older. (1994)
A. get B. will get C. are getting D. will have got
13. --______ the sports meet might be put off. (1995)
--Yes, it all depends on the weather.
A. I've been told B. I've told C. 'm told D. I told
14. You don't need to describe her. I ______ her several times. (1995)
A. had met B .have met C. met D. meet
15. Helen ______ her keys in the office so she had to wait until her husband________ home. (1996)
A. has left; comes B. left; had come C. had left; came D. had left; would come
16. I first met Lisa three years ago. She ______ at a radio shop at the time. (1997)
A. has worked B. was working C. had been working D. had worked
17. --Nancy is not coming tonight. (1998)
--But she ______ !
A. promises B. promised C. will promise D. had promised
18. Shirley ______ a book about China last year but I don't know whether she has finished it. (1998) A. has written B. wrote C. had written D. was writing
19. --Hi, Tracy, you look tired.
--I am tired. I ______ the living room all day. (1998)
A. painted B. had painted C. have been painting D. have painted
20. .--You've left the light on.
--Oh, so I have. ______ and turn it off. (2000)
A. I'll go B. I've gone C. I go D. I'm going
21. .--How are you today
--Oh, I ______ as ill as I do now for a very long time. (2000)
A. didn't feel B. wasn't feeling C. don't feel D. haven't felt
22. The reporter said that the UFO ______ east to west when he saw it. (2000)
A. was traveling B. traveled C. had been traveling D. was to travel
23. Visitors ______ not to touch the exhibits. (2001)
A. will request B. request C. are requesting D. are requested
24. I wonder why Jenny _____ us recently. We should have heard from her by now. (2002)
A. hasn’t written B. doesn’t write C. won’t write D. hadn’t written
25. All morning as she waited for the medical report from the doctor, her nervousness ______. (2003)
A. has grown B. is growing C. grew D. had grown
26 Selecting a mobile phone for personal use is no easy task because technology ______ so rapidly.（2001）
A. is changing B. has changed C. will have changed D. will change
27---- You haven’t said a word about my new coat, Brenda. Do you like it
---- I’m sorry I ______ anything about it sooner. I certainly think it’s pretty on you. （2002）
A. wasn’t saying B. don’t say C. won’t say D. didn’t say
28 The price ______, but I doubt whether it will remain so.（1999）
A. went down B. will go down C. has gone down D. was going down
答案： 1-5 BABDA 6-10 DADDA 11-15 BAABC 16-20 BBDCA 21-25 DADAC 26-28 ADC
【2004年高考试题选编】
1 More patients ________ in hospital this year than last year.
A. treated B. have treated C. had been treated D. have been treated
2 Sales of CDs have greatly increased since the early 1990s, when people _______ to enjoy the advantages of this new technology. A. begin B. began C. have begun D. had begun
3 Turn on the television or open a magazine and you ________ advertisements showing happy families.
A. will often see B. often see C. are often seeing D. have often seen
4 Let’s keep to the point or we _________any decisions.
A. will never reach B. have never reached C. never reach D. never reached
5 ---I hear Jane has gone to the Holy Island for her holiday.
--- Oh, how nice! Do you know when she ________
A. was leaving B. had left C. has left D. left
6 ---- The window is dirty.
----I know. It ________ for weeks.
A. hasn’t cleaned B. didn’t clean C. wasn’t cleaned D. hasn’t been cleaned
7 – What were you doing when Tony phoned you
– I had just finished my work and _________ to take a shower.
A. had started B. started C. have started D. was starting
8 The crazy fans ________ patiently for two hours and they would wait till the movie star arrived.
A. were waiting B. had been waiting C. had waited D. would wait
9 She _________ her hairstyle in her hometown before she came to Chongqing for a better job.
A. would change B. has changed C. changed D. was changing
10 The discussion ________ alive when an interesting topic was brought in.
A. was coming B. had come C. has come D. came
11 Because the shop _________, all the T-shirts are sold at half price.
A. has closed down B. closed down C. is closing down D. had closed down
12 It is said in the book that Thomas Edison (1847-1931) the world leading inventor for sixty years . A．would be B．has been C．had been D．was
13 —You were out when I dropped in at your house.
—Oh ,I _______ for a friend from England at the airport.
A．was waiting B．had waited C．am waiting D．have waited
14 She has set a new record ,that is ,the sales of her latest book ________ 50 million.
A．have reached B．has reached C．are reaching D．had reached
15 - Has Sam finished his homework today - I have no idea. He ______ it this morning.
A. did B. has done C. was doing D. had done
16 －What’s that terrible noise
－The neighbors _______ for a party.
A. have prepared B. are preparing C. prepare D. will prepare
17 The mayor of Beijing says that all construction work for the Beijing Olympics _____ by 2006. A. has been completed B. has completed C. will have been completed D. will have completed
18. The first use of atomic weapons was in 1945. and their power ______ increased enormously
ever since. A. is B. was C. has been D. had been
19 The number of deaths form heart disease will be reduced greatly if people _______ to eat
more fruit and vegetables.
A. persuade B. will persuade C. be persuaded D. are persuaded
20 Sarah, hurry up. I’m afraid you can’t have time to ________ before the party.
A. get changed B. get change C. get changing D. get to change
21 According to the art dealer, the painting _____ to go for at least a million dollars.
A. is expected B. expects C. expected D. is expecting
答案： 1-5 DBAAD 6-10 DDBCD 11-15 CDAAC 16-20 BCCDA 21 A
【2005年高考试题选编】
1. (北京卷) He _________ more that 5,000 English words when he entered the university at the age of 15
A. has learned B. would have learned C. learned D. had learned
2. (北京卷) Scientists think that the continents __________ always where they _________ today.
A. aren’t; are B. aren’t; were C. weren’t; are D. weren’t; were
3. (北京卷) As soon as he comes back, I’ll tell him when __________ and see him.
A. you will come B. will you come C. you come D. do you come
4. (北京卷) – Why did you leave that position
- I __________ a better position at IBM.
A. offer B. offered C. am offered D. was offered
5. (广东卷) Years ago we didn't know this, but recent science ______ that people who don't sleep well soon get ill. A. showed B. has shown C. will show D. is showing
6. (湖北卷) When the old man ______ to walk back to his house ,the sun _____ itself behind the mountain.
A．started ;had already hidden B．had started ;had already hidden
C．had started ;was hiding D．was starting; hid
7. (湖南卷) – If the traffic hadn't been so heavy, I could have been hack by 6 o'clock.
-- What a pity! Tina _____ here to see you.
A. is B. was C. would be D. has been
8. (江苏卷)29.They _______ on the program for almost one week before I joined them, and now we ________ it as no good results have come out so far.
A. had been working; are still working B. had worked; were still working
C. have been working; have worked D. have worked; are still working
9. (江西卷) —Hurry up ! Alice and Sue are waiting for you at the school gate .
—Oh ! I thought they ________without me .
A．went B．are going C．have gone D．had gone
10. (全国卷3) Listen to the two girls by the window. What language ___________
A．did they speak B．were they speaking
C．are they speaking D．have they been speaking
11 . (全国卷3) －Did you tell Julia about the result
－Oh, no, I forgot. I ________ her now.
A．will be calling B．will call C．call D．am to call
12.（全国卷1）—What would you do if it ____________ tomorrow
—We have to carry it on , since we’ve got everything ready .
A．rain B．rains C．will rain D．is raining
13.（全国卷1）The hero’s story differently in the newspapers.
A．was reported B．was reporting C．reports D．reported
14.（全国卷1）The coffee is wonderful ! It doesn’t taste like anything I _____ before .
A．was having B．have C．have ever had D．had ever had
15.（上海卷）More than a dozen students in that school _______ around to study medicine last year. A. sent B. were sent C. had sent D. had been sent
16. （浙江卷）1 My brother is an actor. He _________ in several films so far.
A．appears B．appeared C．has appeared D．is appearing
17. （重庆卷） — What’s wrong with your coat
— Just now when I wanted to get off the bus, the man next to me ____ on it.
A. sat B. had sat C. had been sitting D. was sitting
18 （重庆卷）Millions of pounds' worth of damage _____ by a storm which swept across the north of England last nigh A. has been caused B. had been caused C. will be caused D. will have been caused
19. (天津卷) By the time Jane gets home, her aunt _______for London to attend a meeting.
A. will leave B. leaves C. will have left D. left
20. （辽宁卷）Susan decided not to work on the program at home because she didn’t want her parents to know what she __________. A．has done B．had done C．was doing D．is doing
21. （辽宁卷）Months ago we sailed ten thousand miles across this open sea, which _______ the Pacific, and we met no storms.
A．was called B．is called C．had been called D．has been called
22. （天津卷 They have a good knowledge of English but little _______they know about German.
A. have B. did C. had D. do
23. （湖南卷）Since I won the big prize, my telephone hasn't stopped ringing. People _____ to ask how I am going to spend the money.
A. phone B. will phone C. were phoning D. are phoning
答案： 1-5 DCADB 6-10 ABADC 11-15 BBACB 16-20 CDA CC 21-23 BDD
【2006年高考试题选编】
1. The house belongs to my aunt but she______ here any more. (全国1)
A. hasn't lived B. didn't live C. hadn't live D. doesn't live
2. —You look very tired . _______at all last night
—No, not really. I’m tired out now. (全国2)
A. Do you sleep B. Were you sleeping C. Did you sleep D. Had you slept
3.The construction of the two new railway lines _________by now. (全国2)
A. has completed B. have completed C. have been completed D. has been completed
4. John, a friend of mine, who got married only last week, spent $3,000 more than he _______ for the wedding. (全国3) A. will plan B. has planned C. would plan D. had planned
5. As you can see, the number of cars on roads ______ rising these days. (全国3)
A. we keeping B. keep C. keeps D. were keeping
6.Ladies and gentlemen, please fasten your seat belts. The plane ________ . (福建)
A. takes off B. is taking off C. has taken off D. took off
7 .The moment the 28th Olympic Games _______ open, the whole world cheered. (福建)
A. declared B. have been declared C. have declared D. were declared
8.The workers will go on strike if the demands they _______put forward are turned down. (福建)
A. could B would C.不填 D. had
9. The young girl sitting next to me on the plane was very nervous. She before. (广东)
A. hasn't flown B. didn't fly C. hadn't flown D. wasn't flying
10.I was giving a talk to a large group of people, the same talk I _________to half a dozen other groups. (湖南)
A. was giving B. am giving C. had given D. have given
11.In a room above the store, where a party ________,some workers were busily setting the table. (湖南)
A. was to be held B. has been held C. will be held D. is being held
12. --- I don’t suppose the police know who did it.
--- Well, surprisingly they do. A man has been arrested and ________ now. （江苏）
A. has been questioned B. is being questioned C. is questioning D. has questioned
13 Although medical science _________ control over several dangerous diseases, what worries us is that some of them are returning. （江苏）
A. achieved B. has achieved C. will achieve D. had achieved
14．My cousin went to Canada two yours ago．He______there for a few months and then went to America． (江西) A．worked B．would work C．would be working D. has been working
15. Although the causes of cancer ________, we do not yet have any practical way to prevent it. (山东)
A. are being uncovered B. have been uncovering
C. are uncovering D. have uncovered
16 .Look at the timetable. Hurry up! Flight 4026 _________ off at 18:20. (四川)）
A. takes B. took C. will be taken D. has taken
17. The company had about 20 notebook computers but only one-third _______ used regularly. Now we have 60 working all day long. （浙江）
A. is B. are C. was D. were
18. My friend, who ______ on the International Olympic Committee all his life, is retiring next month. （浙江）
A. served B. is serving C. had served D. has served
19 .I have to go to work by taxi because my car _________at the garage. （重庆）
A. will be repaired B. is repaired C. is being repaired D. has been repaired
20. We _________ our new neighbors yet, so we don't know their names. （上海春）
A. don't meet B. won't meet C. haven't met D. hadn't met
21. Although the causes of cancer ________, we do not yet have any practical way to prevent it. （山东）
A. are being uncovered B. have been uncovering C. are uncovering D. have uncovered
22.I think it is necessary for my 19-year-old son to have his own mobile phone, for I sometimes want to make sure if he home for dinner. （辽宁）
A. come B. comes C. has come D. will come
23.It is said that the early European playing-cards for entertainment and education. （辽宁）
A. were being designed B. have designed C. have been designed D. were designed
24. What we used to think impossible now does seem possible. （天津）
A. is B. was C. has been D. will be
答案： 1-5 DCDDC 6-10 BDCCC 11-15ABBAA 16-20 ADDCC 21-24 ADDB
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