课件41张PPT。Language PointsUnit 4 reading1.matter 要紧、有关系，= be important
It doesn’t matter if I miss the train because there’s another one in ten minutes.
It is what you do rather than what you say that matters. compare… to 也可用compare… with 用于比较不同事物.
Their prices are low compared to those in other shops.
用法比较:
compare A with B 把… …和 … …相比。
Researchers compared living conditions in London with those in other cities.
compare A to B 把… …比成 … …，比较两者的相似之处。
Poets like to compare death to sleep. Heading1.compare1)The town has changed a lot _____________ what it was before.
2) We often _________young people _____ the rising sun.
3) ________ this ____ that , and you’ll see which is better.compared to/with compare toCompare with How has this come about and does it matter?
2. 你能告诉我事情是怎样发生的吗？
3. With the use of electricity, great changes have come about.这是如何发生的，是否要紧?Can you tell me how the accident came about?随着电的使用，种种大变化发生了。 Heading 2. come about Difficult Sentences1.There is no doubt that the earth is becoming warmer but there is fierce debate over whether it is human activity that has caused this global warming or whether it is just a natural phenomenon.毫无疑问地球在变暖，但究竟是人类活动使地球变暖还是它仅仅是一种自然现象，就此引发了激烈的争论。“There is no doubt…but there is fierce debate”是主句，是一个并列句； “There is no doubt”分句中的“that …”是同位语从句， “but there is fierce debate”分句中有两个由whether 引导的宾语从句。作介词over的宾语，第一个宾语从句中又有一个强调句型.Para1常用结构：There is no need… 没有必要…
There is no question… 是没有问题的…
There is no reason… 没有理由…
There is no possibility that… 是没有可能的…
There is no knowing/telling…没法知道/说…
It is a/no wonder that …真奇怪/真令人吃惊…
It is no use/good that…
It is no use/good doing sth…There is some doubt whether John will come on time.约翰会不会准时来有些疑问。 她说了实话，这一点似乎是没有疑问。There seems to be no doubt that she has told the truth.____ was no ____ that he was a fine scholar.
A. There; doubt B. It; doubt
C. There; wonder D. It; question
2. ____ no knowing what he could do. He might get a job tomorrow. He might stay out of work for weeks.
A. There is B. It is
C. There was D. It was Fossil fuel:矿物燃料。
Ancient animal and plant material below the surface of the earth with a high carbon content, such as coal,oil and natural gas, which can be burnt to produce energy. Also known as non-renewable energy because once they are used they have gone forever; they cannot be renewed. Para21.Some byproducts of this progress are called “greenhouse” gases, the most important one being carbon dioxide.在这一过程中产生的许多副产品被叫做温室气体，最重要的是二氧化碳。 Para2是一个独立主格结构，其基本结构是： 名词（代词）+ 现在分词/ 过去分词/不定式/ 形容词/ 副词 Difficult Sentences2.This is when small amounts of gases in the atmosphere, like carbon dioxide, methane and water vapour, trap heat from the sun and therefore warm the earth. 这是当空气中的少量气体像二氧化碳、甲烷和水蒸气将太阳的热量保存住而散发不出去时，因此就使地球变暖。 Para2when 引导表语从句 Difficult Sentences3.quantity n.(u)数量
He prefers quantity to quality when food is concerned.
词义拓展
quantity n.(c )数量
Police found a large quantity of illegal drugs.
Quantities of books were on the desk. Para2 As a result of destroying the forest, a large ___ of desert ____ covered the land.
number; has B. quantity; has
C. number; have D. quantity; have
2) Every day large quantities of water ___ into rivers without being cleaned.
is poured B. is pouring
C. are poured D. are pouring ①可数名词和不可数名词均可修饰：
lots of=a lot of, a quantity of =quantities of, a mass of =masses of, plenty of②只修饰可数名词：
many, a great/large number of = large numbers of, a good/great many, scores of, dozens of③只修饰不可数名词：
much, a great/large amount of= large amounts of, a great/good deal of4.The increased amount of carbon dioxide means that more heat energy is trapped in the atmosphere causing the global temperature to go up.二氧化碳量的增加意味着更多的热能滞留在大气中，结果造成地球温度的上升。主句是 “The increased amount of carbon dioxide means”; that 引导的是宾语从句，其中的分词短语 “causing the global temperature to go up”作结果状语。 Difficult Sentences Para2the amount of +不可数名词 the number of +可数名词What are you going to do with the amount of money? Para3常 以v-ing form 作结果状语的词有: make, reach, leave…….
The song “Notebook” is sung throughout the country,making it the most popular song.他父亲死 了,什么也没留下给他们.His father died, leaving nothing to them Para3 result in 产生，导致（lead to, cause sth to happen)
result from 由…引起，产生( lie in, occur as a result of/because of )The accident resulted _______ the driver’s carelessness, which resulted ______ the death of two passengers.frominThe experiment _____ the discovery of a cure for cancer. A. resulted in B. lead to C. resulted from D. was caused by
2. He slipped and broke his leg. ______, he will have to be away from school for two or three months. A. Resulting in B. With the result that C. As a result D. The result is that 同义表达His sickness was caused by eating too much.
His sickness _______ ______ eating too much.
He was ill __________ he had too much.
He was ill ______ ______ eating too much.
___ ___ _____ ___ eating too much, he was ill.
Eating too much ______ ______ his illness.
Eating too much ______ ______ his illness.
He had too much. ____ ___ ____, he was ill.resulted frombecause because ofAs a result ofresulted inled toAs a resultas low as 低至… as much as 高至….多达150名读者簇拥在那位名作家周围.
As many as 150 readers crowded round the famous writer.
去欧洲旅游之费用高达50 000元人民币.
The cost of travelling to Europe is as much as 50 000 yuan.Para5would be could be 虚拟语气Para6Para7cause the sea level to rise by several metres.On the other hand, there are those, like scientists George Hambley, who believe that we should not worry about high levels of carbon dioxide in the air and that some scientists’ concerns about global warming are just speculation.另一方面，有些科学家，如George Hambley，认为我们不应该为空气中二氧化碳的含量高担心，他们还认为一些科学家对地球变暖的担心只是一些猜想。主句是 “there are those”, “like scientists George Hambley”是介词短语作定语， “who believe that…”are just speculation”是非限制性定语从句，都修饰those; believe后有两个宾语从句，都由that 引导。on the other hand,介词短语作状语从句，修饰全句。 Difficult Sentences Para8 Language Pointsrange n. 范围、排列；
v. 排列、安置；漫游；在某范围内变化； 常用短语： in range of 一系列的
in range 在射程内
out of range 在射程外
beyond the range of 超越…范围
out of one’s range 某人达不到的China is a country with a wide range of temperature.中国是一个气温变化很大的国家。2. There is _________________(一系列的活动) for children.
3. Most of the students entering the competition are ____________________ (在17至20岁的范围内).
4. The dog stayed well _____________ ______________(离孩子们远远的) a range of activities in the 17 – 20 age range out of range of the children 1. build up 逐渐增加。
After 4 o’clock, the traffic begins to build up.
She built the business up from nothing.
You need to build up your strength.
2. Keep on doing = continue to do sth.
She kept on working although she was tired.
The rain kept on all night. Para 9That is all.so long as= as long as conj. 只要, 如果It’s OK to leave an electrical appliance on so long as you are using it.
2. 只要你不把书弄脏, 就可以借给你.只要你在使用电器, 使它处于工作状态是可以的.You may borrow the book so long as you keep it clean.同义词组:
on condition that , only if, if
providing (that), provided (that)注意:
as long as 有时表示 “像…那么久”;
only if 接从句用于句首,主句主谓语倒装;
if only 表达 “要是…该多好啊!”需要虚拟语气.同义表达：You can go out on condition that you wear an overcoat.
You can go out ______ ______ ______ you wear an overcoat.
You can go out ______ ______ you wear an overcoat.
You can go out ______ you wear an overcoat.as/so long asprovided that
providing that
only ifprovided
if
providingcome about
come across
come round
come into being
come into effect
come out
come down to earth发生
偶然碰到,找到
来访, 苏醒
出现, 产生
开始生效
出版;长出;显出
回到现实中来renewable adj. 能再生的，可更新的
renew v. 更新， 恢复， 重新开始， 继续re- 是前缀， 表示“再” “重新”。 如：recycle
rewrite
rebuild
retell
recover
reform 回收
改写
重建
复述
恢复
改革emphasis n. 强调
emphasize vt. 强调
emphatic adj. 强调的
put /lay emphasis on… 强调…
emphasize sth. 强调某事glance vi. 匆匆一看， 一瞥；
vt. 扫视，瞥视
n. 一瞥glance at 瞥一眼…, take a glance at 匆匆瞥一眼..
at a (the) first glance 一眼就， 一见就比较：
glance at 匆匆瞥一眼
stare at 盯着看
glare at 瞪着眼看活怒目而视The little boy _____ at the stranger for a few minutes before answering his question.
Stared B. starved C. glared D. startled
2. The woman was so angry that she ____ the thief for a few seconds without saying a word.
A. Stared at B. glared at
C. Look at D. glance atsupply n. 供应；供给；供给之物。
vt. 供给；供应；满足supply sth. to sb.=supply sb. with sth. 供给某人某物
supply one’s need 满足某人的需求
a good supply of 大量的
in short supply 缺少的
supply and demand 供与求The school（向孩子们提供书籍）
___________________________________.
2. We have （存有大量的食物）
_______________________________ for the bad weather.
3. Water（此地水资源缺乏）
_________________________________.supplies books to childrena good supply of food in storeis in short supply hereIt was a scientist called Charles Keeling who made accurate measurements of the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere from 1957 to 1997.(在空中)出现：It was getting dark and the stars were coming out.
(消息)传开： It has now come out that many people suffered severe side effects from the drug.
(观点)公开： many leading politicians have come out in favor of the war.
come up
发生、举行：
I’ll let you know if anything comes up
Her wedding’s coming up soon. Heading2.come out2. cause表示的因果关系比较直接，如：
Smoking can cause lung cancer.
可指所产生的结果与所涉及的人等有关，如；
My car has caused me a lot of trouble.
bring about表示的因果关系不那麽直接，如；
The war brought about a reduction in the birth rate.
lead to = cause
The strike could lead to a loss of jobs. Para2课件20张PPT。 Unit 4
Global warming Is the whole world becoming warmer and warmer? Why?energy sourcesWe depend on energy to do many things in our daily lives. For example, energy lights our cities and heats our buildings. Make a list of things that use energy in your home, in your school, or any other places you can think of.
Warming upstove light things that use energy in your home micro-wave oven cassette player heating television hairdryer video player fridge computer washing machine stoveWind energy is used as power to
produce electricity . Windmills2006-12-11sharley1where electricity is produced by burning coals.The coal power stationsin which oil is refined and made pure. The Oil Refineriesa facility designed to convert nuclear energy into electricity. A nuclear power plant on the roof of a house on a bright sunny day are used to collect solar energy, making your house warm or heating your water.Solar panelsare used to keep back water and raise its level for irrigation or for producing electricity, etc.The Hydro-electric damsGuess it! Uranium Ore (铀矿石)
The element uranium does not occur in pure form in nature but is found in minerals such as carnotite（钒钾铀矿）, pictured here.2006-12-11sharley1What source of energy?Geysers(间歇泉)2006-12-11sharley1Geothermal (地热的) Energy Plant2006-12-11sharley1 An energy source is “renewable” when supplies of it never run out and “non-renewable” when one day they will run out. Which energy sources on your list are renewable and which are non-renewable? Discusslightheatingtelevisioncassette playervideo playercomputerfridgestovewashing machinehairdryercoaloilnatural gaswind (wind power)sun (solar energy)uranium (nuclear energy)water (hydro-electric power)plant waste (biomass energy)hot spring or geysers (geothermal energy)the sea (tidal energy)non-renewablenon-renewablenon-renewablerenewablerenewablenon-renewablerenewablerenewablerenewablerenewablePre-reading What are these buildings made of and what is their purpose? They are made of glass and plants can grow in it when it is cold outside.How does it work?The glass traps the heat from the sun, making the air warm so that plants can grow better.Greenhouse gases!What’s greenhouse gases effect?Greenhouse gases perform the same fun_ction as the glass in a greenhouse --- They trap the heat of the sun and keep the air surrounding the earth warm.
It is called the greenhouse effect.2006-12-11sharley1Assignment Preview the reading
Read the new wordsGood bye!2006-12-11sharley1课件23张PPT。ReadingThe Earth Is Becoming Warmer – But Does It Matter?
Fast Reading1.Glance at the text and answer the question.It has a title, a first paragraph that runs across the page and is in bold, the main text in two columns, graphs/diagrams, two quotes.What is the structure of a magazine like this and how is the text organized?
Fast Reading2.Read the text fast and answer the questions on page 27Sophie Armstrong wrote the magazine article. The name of the magazine is “Earth care”.2.What are the names of the three scientists mentioned in the article?They are Dr.Janice Foster,Charles Keeling and George Hambley.1.Who write the magazine article? What is the name of the magazine?3.What do they think about global warming? Do they agree with one another?They don’t agree with each other.
Some think the effects will be terrible, while some others believe that we should not worry about it. Dr.Janice Foster thinks the effects of global warming could be very serious.
George Hambley thinks global warming will be mild with few bad environment consequences.4.What are the two graphs about?Graph 1 shows the temperature increase of one degree Fahrenheit between 1860 to 2000.5.What is the main topic of the article?Global warming / The warming of the earth.Graph 2 is about the carbon dioxide content in the atmosphere from 1957 to 1997.2.Choices1. Who found out the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere from 1957 to 1977? A. Dr. Janice Foster. B. Charles Keeling. C. George Hambley. D. Sophie Armstrong.2. "But there are some very different attitudes among scientists towards this issue.” “issue" here means the same as the one in___ . A. I bought the new stamp the day of its issue. B. They are talking about one of the key issues in the election campaign. C. The government is expected to issue a statement about the election. D. The magazine has 12 issues each year.3. The author probably agrees that ________ A. actually global warming is good for man. B. we should do nothing about the global warming. C. catastrophes will happen if the globe keeps on warming. D. a lot remains to be found out about the effects of global warming.
3.Yes or no?1.Does Sophie Armstrong support a clear opinion?
2.Does George Hambley believe that we should worry much about the global warming?No. he doesn’t state it clearly.No, he doesn’t.
True or falseRead the article carefully and finish Part 2 on page 271.The temperature last century didn’t increase much.
2.Everyone believes that global warming is caused by the activities of humans.
3.Janice Foster believes that global warming is caused by burning fossil fuels.
4.Natural gas is a greenhouse gas.
5.Carbon dioxide is a byproduct of
burning fossil fuels. F F T F T6.People accept Charles Keeling’s data because he took accurate measurements.
7.Flooding could be one of the effects of future global warming.
8.George Hambley believes scientists are just guessing about the effects of global warming.
9.George Hambley is worried about the effects of carbon dioxide on plant growth
10.It is clear what the effects of global warming will be. T T T F F
1. How has the global warming come about?
2. What are the effects of global
warming?
Careful Reading1.Read the text again and answer the questions.
1. How has the global warming come about?
①Human activity--- burning of fossil fuels.② Greenhouse effect--- greenhouse gases--- we need those gases.③ Huge quantities of extra carbon dioxide---from 1957 to 1997---from around 315 parts per million to around 370 parts per million.2.What are the effects of global warming?④ Encourage a greater range of animals.①The sea level to rise.② Severe storms, droughts, famines, the spread of diseases, and destruction of species.③ Make plants grow faster. Crops will produce more.The different ideas between Dr. Janice Foster & George Hambleygo upcatastrophe very seriouspositiveproducea greater range of animals1. What is the purpose of the paragraph that is in bold?
To introduce the topic.To illustrate(阐述) points by providing evidence.2. What are the diagrams for?Third Reading 3. Why are there two quotes?
Because they are important or interesting points. Their aim is to attract your attention and to make you read them, and therefore to make you interested enough to read the whole article.It functions as a conclusion by asking the reader to reflect on the major theme of the text and to predict what might happen in the future. 4. What is the purpose of the last paragraph of the article? main ideaPart1 (para1)Introduce a debate over the issue of global warmingPart 2 (para2)Part 3 (para3-8)Part 4 (para9)Illustrate how global warming comes aboutList two different attitudes among scientists towards global warmingIt’s up to readers to think and decide whether people should do sth about global warming or not 4 partsAssignment Prepare the language points of this passage and underline the important ones.
After remembering the vocabulary, do the exercise on Page 28.课件17张PPT。Using languageUnit 4What can we do about global warming?1.Who are the writers of the letters?Ouyang Guang and the editor of Earth Care.Reading2.What’s the purpose of Ouyang Guang’s letter? To get some suggestions for what he can do about global warming.Read Ouyang’s email and answer:3.What are Ouyang Guang’s two concerns? The first is that he feels that individual cannot have effect on huge environmental problems.
The second is that he is nor sure where to start with his project.A. He is doing a project on global warming. B. He feels individuals can affect huge environmental problems. C. He isn’t sure where to start with his project. D. He wants to get some suggestions from Earth Care.4.Which is not the reason why Ouyang Guang writes the letter?5. Does Earth Care agree with Ouyang Guang’s opinion that individuals can have no effect? No, Earth Care doesn’t agree.Read Earth Care’s reply and answer:6.What suggestions does Earth Care give him?①Turn electrical appliances off when not using them.②Don’t turn up the heat, put on more clothes.③Walk or ride a bike, don’t drive.④Recycle.⑤Buy things made from recycled materials.⑥Buy products that use less energy.⑦Plant trees.⑧Talk with family and friends about global warming.7. List Earth Care’s suggestions and tell whether you think you can carry them out.8. Which is not true according to the editor’s letter?A. Together, individuals can make a difference to environmental problems. B. Individuals must put up with pollution. C. Many activities individuals do can produce carbon dioxide. D. Individuals can save energy to slow down global warming.Group DiscussionWhat else should our government do to slow down global warming?1.Give money to green the surroundings and protect the forests.2.Encourage people to find and use more renewable energy.3.Make laws to protect rare plants and animals .put up with: accept sb/sth that is unpleasant 忍受,容忍put up with, stress of study Word study：
We do not have to put up with pollution.
put up with: suffer or bear patiently; tolerate 忍受；容忍
I cannot put with the toothache.
We can't change the bad weather, so we must put up with it.
I won’t put up with her rudeness any longer!It’s ok to leave an electrical appliance on so long as you are using it.
Electric: electr 电，电的，电力的
Electric: 词缀： -ic 和电有着更为直接的联系，指产生电的或用电直接产生的或用电操作等。
Electric generator 发电机
An electric shock 触电 an electric light 电灯
Electricity: produced from amber by rubbing
Electrical: adj. concerning electricity ·电的，与电有关的
Robert is an electrical engineer. 罗勃特是一个电气工程师。
An electrical fault.电力故障。AssignmentHome work: Writing an article
How to Fight Global WarmingDemands:
1.Write it according to the four topics in the dialogues. 2. Words: About 100
