状语从句[上学期]
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课件24张PPT。Adverbial Clause状语从句状语从句考查特点能力要求用法归纳时间状语从句条件状语从句原因状语从句结果状语从句让步状语从句as, while用法的归纳省略现象一 状语从句高考的考查特点1. 试题的设问呈现出交叉和综合的特点(不同性质的连词; 定语从句和名词性从句的干扰)2. 题干句的情景化增强,句意理解难度提高二能力要求：1.了解状语从句的分类情况及各种状语
从句中经常使用的连词
2.能够在真实的语境中判定从句与主句
的逻辑关系,从而能够使用恰当的连词
完成交际.
3.能够辨别同类状语从句中近似连词的 用法区别.三 状语从句的定义、功能、分类定义：在复合句中作状语的从句功能：状语从句在主从复合句中修饰主句中 的动词，形容词或副词，或整个主句分类：按意义可分为时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、方式、比较、让步等状语从句。 从句的位置放在句首，也可放在句末。放在句首时，从句后面常用一个逗号，放在句末时，从句前一般不用逗号。
时间状语从句引导时间状语从句的从属连词1.基本类：before、after、when、while、as、since、till、until、once, as soon as, etc.2. 名词类（由名词词组充当引导词）：the moment ,the minute, the second, the instant,etc. (一…就…); every time, each time, the last time, the first time, etc.The moment he arrived there, he made a phone call
to his family.e.g. The student puts up his hand every time I ask a question.
3. 副词类（由副词充当引导词）：immediately, directly, instantly, etc. (一...就...)4.句型类：no sooner…than…, hardly/scarcely… when…, etc. (一…就…)e.g. I will give you an answer immediately I finish my work.e.g .Scarcely had he gone when she appeared.注意:用于句首时应引起部分倒装, 且前部分一般用
过去完成时(NMET 99)
---- I’m going to the post office.
---- ___ you’re there, can you get me some stamps?
A. As B. While
C. Because D. If注意：2). as 侧重主句和从句的动作同时发生。表示 “一边... , 一边…”
1). when既可引导持续性动作，又可引导短暂性动作。它可以表示主句的动作和从句的动作同时发生，或从句的动作发生在主句动作之前。3).while：指的是“在某一时间里”，“在…期间”，从句里的动作必须是持续性的，它也强调主句和从句动作的同时发生，往往侧重主句和从句动作的对比。同时还可表示一个动作在另一个动作正在进行或持续过程中某一时刻发生.1. when, as, while 的区别When the lesson was over, we began our writing.
John sings as he works.
While we were watching TV, he was writing a composition.
注意: 几种常用when的句型:be doing sth. when…be about to do sth. when…be on the point of doing sth. when…When he _____ (come) back, please tell him to meet me at my office.comes2.在时间状语从句中，用一般现在时代替一般将来时；用一般过去时代替过去将来时.I will tell him when she comes back. I would tell him when she came back.条件状语从句 1. 引导词: if, unless, as long as (=so long as) (只要), in case (that) (如果，万一), on condition that, provided/providing that, etc. e.g. If plastics and rubber are burned, they give off poisonous gases. You can go out, as long as (so long as ) you promise to be back before eleven.2. 非真实条件句中应用虚拟语气Eg. If you had taken your teacher’s advice, you
wouldn’t have failed the exam.3. 真实条件句中的时态:用一般现在时代替一般将来时
用一般过去时代替过去将来时e.g. If it rains tomorrow, I will not go out. 原因状语从句1. 在强调句中强调原因状语从句，只能用because引导，不可用as或since.如： 2. because可以引导表语从句,而as, since不可以，这时主语一般都是it, this, that It was ________ he was ill that he didn’t go with us. It’s_________ he is too lazy.3. since表示“既然”，只能放主句前.Since you are here, you must do it.because用because, as, since 填空because 结果状语从句用so , such填空：
There were ____ many people in the room that we could not get in.
He made _____ an excellent speech that every one admired him.
She is ____ lovely a girl that everyone in her class likes her.
He has _____ poor furniture that others cannot find a place to sit.
sosuchsosuch注意:1. so…that… 与such…that… 的区别so +adj./adv. +that
so +adj. +a/an +可数名词单数+ that
so +many/much/few/little+名词+thate.g. It is so hot that we can’t sleep.It is so interesting a book that she has read it twice. such +a/an+adj.+单数可数名词+that
such +adj. +复数名词/不可数名词+that
such +a lot of/lots of +名词+thate.g. It is such an interesting book that she has read it twice.There was such delicious food that he had too much.2. such…that…与such… as …的区别They have such a fierce dog _____ no one dares to go near their house.They have such a fierce dog _____ bites whoever passes by their house.thatassuch…that…引导的是状语从句,从句中不缺成分such… as …中as引导的是定语从句,从句中缺主语,
宾语或者是表语总结： 让步状语从句 由though, although, as (虽然尽管), even if, even though, wh-ever, no matter-wh, whether引导. Although most of the people agreed, some were not willing to accepted. Proud as the noble is, he is afraid to see me. We wouldn’t lose heart even if we should fail ten times.as引导让步状语从句时从句部分语序要部分倒装。其结构为：
Young as he is, he can read and write in several foreign languages.注意：Child as he was, he had to support the family.
（表语名词提前并常省去冠词） n./adj./adv./v +as +主语＋谓语四．as用法的归纳１．可引导定语从句２．可引导时间状语从句,表 “一边… ,一边…”３．可引导原因状语从句,表 “因为”As is known to all, China is a great country.She cried as she got off the bus.We shall not go to the park as it is raining.４．可引导让步状语从句,表 “虽然,尽管”５．可引导方式状语从句,表 “按照”６．可引导比较状语从句, 表 “和…一样…”Surrounded as they were by the enemy, they managed to get out.Do as you are told to.He answers as quickly as his sister does.五 while用法的归纳１．作并列连词，意为“然而，却”，表对比He likes football while his brother likes basketball.2. 引导时间状语从句While he was doing his homework, his mother came in.３．引导让步状语从句，表“虽然，尽管”，置于句首While I admit his good points, I can see his shortcomings.４．引导条件状语从句，表“只要”I’ll do everything for you while you are happy.六 状语从句中的省略现象１．时间状语从句，条件状语从句，让步状语从句和
方式状语从句中，如果从句的主语与主句的主语一致，
且从句中的谓语部分又含有be动词，则可省略从句中的
主语及be动词e.g. Once (it is )seen, it can never be forgotten.If (I am) invited, I will go to the party.She stood at the school gate as if (she was)
waiting for someone.２．当时间和条件状语从句中的主语是it，且谓语部分
又含有be动词时，可以把it和be动词省略．e.g. When (it is ) necessary, I will buy a TV set.
If (it is) possible, you’d better come tomorrow.
从句中经常使用的连词
2.能够在真实的语境中判定从句与主句
的逻辑关系,从而能够使用恰当的连词
完成交际.
3.能够辨别同类状语从句中近似连词的 用法区别.三 状语从句的定义、功能、分类定义：在复合句中作状语的从句功能：状语从句在主从复合句中修饰主句中 的动词，形容词或副词，或整个主句分类：按意义可分为时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、方式、比较、让步等状语从句。 从句的位置放在句首，也可放在句末。放在句首时，从句后面常用一个逗号，放在句末时，从句前一般不用逗号。
时间状语从句引导时间状语从句的从属连词1.基本类：before、after、when、while、as、since、till、until、once, as soon as, etc.2. 名词类（由名词词组充当引导词）：the moment ,the minute, the second, the instant,etc. (一…就…); every time, each time, the last time, the first time, etc.The moment he arrived there, he made a phone call
to his family.e.g. The student puts up his hand every time I ask a question.
3. 副词类（由副词充当引导词）：immediately, directly, instantly, etc. (一...就...)4.句型类：no sooner…than…, hardly/scarcely… when…, etc. (一…就…)e.g. I will give you an answer immediately I finish my work.e.g .Scarcely had he gone when she appeared.注意:用于句首时应引起部分倒装, 且前部分一般用
过去完成时(NMET 99)
---- I’m going to the post office.
---- ___ you’re there, can you get me some stamps?
A. As B. While
C. Because D. If注意：2). as 侧重主句和从句的动作同时发生。表示 “一边... , 一边…”
1). when既可引导持续性动作，又可引导短暂性动作。它可以表示主句的动作和从句的动作同时发生，或从句的动作发生在主句动作之前。3).while：指的是“在某一时间里”，“在…期间”，从句里的动作必须是持续性的，它也强调主句和从句动作的同时发生，往往侧重主句和从句动作的对比。同时还可表示一个动作在另一个动作正在进行或持续过程中某一时刻发生.1. when, as, while 的区别When the lesson was over, we began our writing.
John sings as he works.
While we were watching TV, he was writing a composition.
注意: 几种常用when的句型:be doing sth. when…be about to do sth. when…be on the point of doing sth. when…When he _____ (come) back, please tell him to meet me at my office.comes2.在时间状语从句中，用一般现在时代替一般将来时；用一般过去时代替过去将来时.I will tell him when she comes back. I would tell him when she came back.条件状语从句 1. 引导词: if, unless, as long as (=so long as) (只要), in case (that) (如果，万一), on condition that, provided/providing that, etc. e.g. If plastics and rubber are burned, they give off poisonous gases. You can go out, as long as (so long as ) you promise to be back before eleven.2. 非真实条件句中应用虚拟语气Eg. If you had taken your teacher’s advice, you
wouldn’t have failed the exam.3. 真实条件句中的时态:用一般现在时代替一般将来时
用一般过去时代替过去将来时e.g. If it rains tomorrow, I will not go out. 原因状语从句1. 在强调句中强调原因状语从句，只能用because引导，不可用as或since.如： 2. because可以引导表语从句,而as, since不可以，这时主语一般都是it, this, that It was ________ he was ill that he didn’t go with us. It’s_________ he is too lazy.3. since表示“既然”，只能放主句前.Since you are here, you must do it.because用because, as, since 填空because 结果状语从句用so , such填空：
There were ____ many people in the room that we could not get in.
He made _____ an excellent speech that every one admired him.
She is ____ lovely a girl that everyone in her class likes her.
He has _____ poor furniture that others cannot find a place to sit.
sosuchsosuch注意:1. so…that… 与such…that… 的区别so +adj./adv. +that
so +adj. +a/an +可数名词单数+ that
so +many/much/few/little+名词+thate.g. It is so hot that we can’t sleep.It is so interesting a book that she has read it twice. such +a/an+adj.+单数可数名词+that
such +adj. +复数名词/不可数名词+that
such +a lot of/lots of +名词+thate.g. It is such an interesting book that she has read it twice.There was such delicious food that he had too much.2. such…that…与such… as …的区别They have such a fierce dog _____ no one dares to go near their house.They have such a fierce dog _____ bites whoever passes by their house.thatassuch…that…引导的是状语从句,从句中不缺成分such… as …中as引导的是定语从句,从句中缺主语,
宾语或者是表语总结： 让步状语从句 由though, although, as (虽然尽管), even if, even though, wh-ever, no matter-wh, whether引导. Although most of the people agreed, some were not willing to accepted. Proud as the noble is, he is afraid to see me. We wouldn’t lose heart even if we should fail ten times.as引导让步状语从句时从句部分语序要部分倒装。其结构为：
Young as he is, he can read and write in several foreign languages.注意：Child as he was, he had to support the family.
（表语名词提前并常省去冠词） n./adj./adv./v +as +主语＋谓语四．as用法的归纳１．可引导定语从句２．可引导时间状语从句,表 “一边… ,一边…”３．可引导原因状语从句,表 “因为”As is known to all, China is a great country.She cried as she got off the bus.We shall not go to the park as it is raining.４．可引导让步状语从句,表 “虽然,尽管”５．可引导方式状语从句,表 “按照”６．可引导比较状语从句, 表 “和…一样…”Surrounded as they were by the enemy, they managed to get out.Do as you are told to.He answers as quickly as his sister does.五 while用法的归纳１．作并列连词，意为“然而，却”，表对比He likes football while his brother likes basketball.2. 引导时间状语从句While he was doing his homework, his mother came in.３．引导让步状语从句，表“虽然，尽管”，置于句首While I admit his good points, I can see his shortcomings.４．引导条件状语从句，表“只要”I’ll do everything for you while you are happy.六 状语从句中的省略现象１．时间状语从句，条件状语从句，让步状语从句和
方式状语从句中，如果从句的主语与主句的主语一致，
且从句中的谓语部分又含有be动词，则可省略从句中的
主语及be动词e.g. Once (it is )seen, it can never be forgotten.If (I am) invited, I will go to the party.She stood at the school gate as if (she was)
waiting for someone.２．当时间和条件状语从句中的主语是it，且谓语部分
又含有be动词时，可以把it和be动词省略．e.g. When (it is ) necessary, I will buy a TV set.
If (it is) possible, you’d better come tomorrow.