Module 3 Unit 3 Back to the Past Students’ Sheet
Module 3 Unit 3 Reading Lost Civilization
1. arrange v.
1) 排列；整理
他把书架上的书整理了一下。________________________________________
词典里的词是按字母顺序编排的。In a dictionary the words ________________________ in alphabetical order.
2) 安排；准备 我们准备了一个晚会。We ________________ a party.
3) 商定 我和她商定8点钟见面。________________________________________
We had been trying every possible means to arrange a peace but failed.
________________________________________________________
4) 准备, 安排 vi. arrange for sb./sth. to do
我已安排了一辆汽车去车站接他们。
I've ________________a car ______________________ at the station.
arrangement n.
make arrangement for ________________________
2. go on a trip/ journey/ tour/ expedition to sp. ___________________________________
去失落的文明古地进行文化探寻 ________________________________________________
去那个文化遗址进行一次愉快的旅行 ________________________________________________
3. be visiting Pompeii
有些短暂性动词如 come, go, leave, arrive, stay, take off, etc. 的进行时态可以表示将来时。
我们明早离开南京开始那伟大的探险。
_______________________________________________________________
飞机十分钟后起飞。____________________________________
4. take over接任；接管
你看着他们到10点钟，然后我来接班。____________________________________
好的有用的东西应当继承。_____________________________________________
5. bury sb. alive → (sb.) be buried alive
alive adj. 活的，活跃的，用于指人，在句中作表语、后置定语或宾补/主补，不可作前置定语。
live adj. .活的, 实况转播的, 用于指物，在句中作定语。
living adj. 活着的，有生命的， 指人指物均可。
lively adj. 活泼的；生气勃勃的
1）这些鱼被活捉。 The fish ___________________________
2）我们捉的鱼还活着。 The fish ___________________________
3）谁是当今最伟大的诗人？ Who is the greatest poet _________
4）她虽已年迈，但仍很活跃。 Although _________， she is still very much _________.
5）开始探险时，他们带上了活猪和活鸡。 They took _______ pigs and chicks with them when they began their expedition.
6）那猫在玩一只活老鼠。 The cat is playing with a _________ mouse.
7）那不是录音节目,是实况转播。It wasn't a _________ show; it was_________.
8）英语是活的语言。 English is a _________ language.
9）对我们来说在世的人比去世的人更重要。 ___________ are more important to us than _________.
10）那些星球上，有没有一颗上有生物存在的？ Are there any __________________ on one of those stars
11）一个生气勃勃的人，总是充满活力并且总在做事。 A _________ person is full of life and is always doing things.
12) 儿童们往往有丰富的幻想力。 Children usually have a _________ fancy.
6. So+ 助动词+ 另一主语。主谓是倒装结构，表示前面所说的情况也适用于后者。
吉姆是美国人，凯特也是。 Jim is from the US, and __________________.
这学期我的口语提高了，我妹妹也是。I have improved my spoken Engish this term. _________________________
I will study computer science next term and __________________（我弟弟也一样）
I like to eat fish. ___________________________ （我的室友也一样）
If you go to the cinema this evening, _________（我也去）
If she refuses to sign on the agreement, _________ （我也不签）
Neither/Nor+ 助动词+ 另一主语。意为“。。。。。。也不这样”
Jane doesn’t like dancing. __________________ （我也不喜欢）
Bob wasn’t at school last Friday. ___________________________.（他的朋友也没来）
I didn’t watch the film last night. ___________________________（我的父母也没去）
If you don’t do it, __________________（我也不干）
So + 人称代词（同一主语）+助动词。主谓是正常词序，表示说话人赞同前面所说的情况。
“ You’ve dropped a word here.” “Yes, __________________.” （是丢了）
“Tom hopes to be an archaeologist.” “__________________.” （他确有此愿）
“These books are really well written.” “__________________.” （的确如此）
Our teacher asked me to go and see him after school and __________________. （于是我就去了）
So it is/ was with + 另一主语.
I have graduated from co llege and will take up a job as a nurse. __________________. （萨拉也是如此）
John likes Chinese but he isn’t good at it. __________________. （玛利也是如此）
7. with+ 宾语+ 宾补，在句中作状语或定语。
1）她眼含热泪离开了办公室。 She left the office ___________________________.
2）那个男孩靠在墙上，手放在口袋里。
The boy leaned against the wall, ___________________________.
3）昨晚杰克太累了，作业做了一半就睡了。
Last night Jack was so tired that he went to bed ___________________________
4）你站在这儿我们没法集中精力工作。__________________, we can’t concerntrate on our work.
5）所有的窗户开着，他睡得很好。He slept well ___________________________
6）皇帝什么也没穿，走在游行队伍的中间。
The emperor walked in the middle of the parade __________________.
7）在党的领导下，我们一定会胜利。___________________________, we are sure to win.
8）那位勇士只用木棍作武器和老虎搏斗。
The brave man fought the tiger ___________________________
9）双手被绑在身后的那个人很勇敢。
The man _____________________________ was very brave.
10）双眼紧盯着劫匪的那位女士是位著名的侦探。
The lady _____________________ ______ is a famous detective.
Module 3 Unit 3 Reading Lost Civilization
8. turn A to/ intoB 使A变成B
天气极冷时水能结成冰。________________________________
她把房子改成了商店。 ________________________________
悲惨的生活使他成了一个少言寡语的人。 His sad life has________________________
turn to 1) 翻到 2）转向（求助） 3）转向做。。。
Please turn to the next page and get down to reading the article. _______________________________________
When in trouble, you should turn to your friends for help/ advice._________________________________________
在漆黑的街上，她找不到一个人可以求助。
In the dark street, she hadn’t got a single person ________________________________.
一些农民转向养鹿，使得鹿的数量急剧上升。
Some farmers have turned to ________________, ________________ the number of the deer to increase rapidly.
turn down 1) 减弱，降低 2) 拒绝，不接受
turn up 1）把声音开大；把力量加大 2）找到；发现
turn on 打开（煤气、自来水、电灯等）
turn off 关闭
turn over 1) 翻转 2）移交
turn in 1）把…交给警方 2）归还
turn out 1）生产；出产 2）结果是
我们计划明年生产十万台计算机以满足市场需要。
We ________________________ 100,000 computers next year to meet the market requirements.
这项计划结果归于失败。 The plan ________________________________
事情正如教授所预见的那样。Things ________________________ the professor had foreseen.
9. house v. 提供住处；供给房子用
Those caves may house snakes or some other wild animals. ________________________________
The personal picture exhibition is housed in that building. ________________________________
他努力设法赡养和安置他的家属。 ________________________________
neither … nor… （两者）既不...也不…
either… or… 不是…就是…
not only… but also… 不但。。。而且。。。
not … but… 不是。。。而是。。。
both… and… （两者）都
I’m neither for nor against the proposal. ________________________________
Neither you nor I, nor anybody else knows the answer. ________________________________
She can speak not only French but also Spanish. ____________________________________
The young man is not a pianist but a dancer. ____________________________________
注：1） 除了both… and… 连接两个并列主语时谓语动词一定要用复数外，其他结构都以第二个名词来决定谓语的单复数，即按照就近原则来决定。
1) 你和我都没错。 ________ you ________ I ________ wrong.
2) 不是我父亲就是我兄弟要来。________ my father _______ my brothers ________ coming.
3) Not only Pompeii but also Loulan________ a lost civilization.
4) Not sand but volcano________ (have) destroyed the whole city of Pompeii.
5) 教学与科研都在大踏步前进。 ________ teaching ________ research work ________ making great progress.
2）not only… but also… 和 neither… nor… 放句首表示否定时要倒装。
理论没有实践不行, 实践没有理论也不行。
Neither ________ theory ________ without practice, nor ________ practice ________ without theory.
他不仅来了，而且还带来了有用的参考书。
Not only ________ he ________, but he also brought with him a helpful reference book.
10． It is believed by many people to have been gradually covered over by sandstorm from AD 200 to AD500.
= It is believed by many people that it ( Loulan) was gradually covered over by standstorm from AD 200 to AD500.…
____________________________________________________________________________________
It is/was known (said, reported, supposed, thought, expected, announced,ect) that sb./sth. do …
= Sb./Sth. is/was known to do sth.
1) It is said that they take exercise regularly to keep fit.
= ________________________________ regulary to keep fit.
2) It was thought that the archaeologists were doing research on the painted pots they had dug.
= ________________________________________ research on the painted pots they had dug.
3) It was reported that the Swedish explorer had discovered the ruins of the Loulan Kingdom.
= ________________________________________________ the ruins of the Loulan Kingdom.
4) It is known to us all that he has conquered English.
= ________________________________________ English.
5) It is believed that it was a green land with enormous trees.
=________________________________ a green land with enormous trees.
12. ruin v. 1) 毁坏；毁灭 2) 使破产
她把水全倒在了我的画上，把画毁了。She poured water all over my painting, and ________________.
我被那场官司搞得倾家荡产。I________________ by that law case.
n. [常用复] 衰败；毁灭; 废墟
我们看见了这座教堂的废墟。 We saw ________________________.
13. remain v.
1) 留下；遗留
我去了城市，可弟弟留在了家里。 I went to the city, but my brother ________________________.
2) 继续”保持某种状态” 系表结构 remain+adj./ n.
彼得当了法官，但约翰仍然是个渔民。Peter became a judge but John________________________.
客栈老板之死仍然是个谜。The death of the innkeeper still ________________________.
他决心不管发生什么事都忠于球队。He's determined to ________________ to the team whatever comes his way.
3) 事实尚待证明。?The fact ________________________.
n. [常用复] 1）剩余物, 残余; 2）遗物, 废墟, 遗迹
remains of a meal 残羹剩饭 the remains of a fortune 遗产
文化遗迹 ________________________________
14. find + O. + OC
1）我们断定某人有罪 We found him guilty. ________
2）我发现俄语语法很难学。 I find Russian grammar ________________________. ________
3）我发现他出去了。 I found him ________. _________
4）他发现狗上了篱笆。 He found his dog ________________. ___________
5）教授觉得难以说明。 The professor found ________ difficult ________________.
6）Sven 发现楼房的废墟被埋在沙里。Sven found the remains of the building______________________ _________
Module 3 Unit 3 Grammar Object Complement
I. 简单句的五种基本句型:
1）SVi _______________________________
2）SLP _______________________________
3）SVO _______________________________
4）SVOO _______________________________
5）SVOC _______________________________
II. 判断下列句子属于哪种句型：
1. We arrived in Loulan after several days of travelling. _________
2. Tomorrow we are visiting Pompeii. _________
3.He told us that the city was destroyed long ago. _________
4.Tomorrow we are off to Naples. _________
5. We found the ruins most interesting. _________
6. The desert was once a green land with enormous trees. _________
7. We find it hard to decide which words or phrases to use. _________
8. People started to dig in the area for treasure. _________
III. What can be object complement
1. They made him director of the Pompeii dig. __________________
2. The heat almost drove me crazy. __________________
3. Please show him out. __________________
4. You should keep the books on the desk. __________________
5. Mother made Charles tidy his bedroom before he went out. ___________________
6.The boss ordered the typist to have all the documents ready. __________________
7.Through the window, I could see the rain coming down heavily. __________________
8. When he woke up, he found himself covered with a coat. __________________
IV. 小结： 1. 宾语补足语是补充宾语的成分,通常置于宾语之后。 宾语+宾语补足语=>复合宾语。
2. 可以用作宾补的有名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式、现在分词和过去分词。
3. 能带宾补的动词一定是及物动词。
4. 主动语态句子中的宾语在被动语态句子中是主语，相应的宾补就成为主补。常跟宾语补足语的动词：
第一类, 感官动词, 所接的宾补可以是不带to的动词不定式，也可以是现在分词或过去分词。
feel, hear, listen to, notice, observe, see, watch, look at
I saw him cross/crossing the road. => He was seen___________/ ____________ the road.
但变为被动语态时,不定式的to要还原。
第二类, 使役动词, 所接的宾补多为动词不定式或过去分词。如：let, have, get, make, would like, want等。
This makes people know the importance of protecting environment.
If you are back, will you please make yourself known to me
The machine doesn’t work. I must have it repaired right now.
第三类, 含命名意义的动词, 所接的宾补一般是名词。如：call, name, appoint, elect, make, consider等。
Call me Joe, please.
She was elected president of the company.
复合宾语和双宾语的区别: They have made me the chairman. _______________ 使我成为主席
They have made me a nice chair. _______________ 为我做了把好椅子
第四类, v + sb. + to do sth. 结构中的动词, 所接的宾补一般是不定式。
advise, allow, ask, beg, cause, expect, force, get, help, inspire, invite, order, permit, persuade, remind, request, require, teach, tell, train, urge, want, warn, wish, report等
第五类, find, keep, leave 等几个词的用法非常灵活,后面所接的宾补可以是形容词、副词、现在分词、过去分词等。
We found it very difficult to solve the problem.
How can you keep them waiting for so long
Keep the door closed.
改出一处错并指出宾补： 1. None of us think likely that anyone survived the air crash. _______________
2.The government is considering a law to make it illegal advertising cigarette. _______________
单选： 1. The missing boy was last seen ____ near the river. A. playing B. to be playing C. play D. to play
2. I feel ____ unwise to give a child whatever he or she wants. A. that B. how C. it D. what
3. It is wise to have some money ___ for old age. A. put away B. kept up C. given away D. laid up
4. He slipped into the room, without himself ____. A. seen B. being seen C. seeing D. to see
5. He found the street much ____. A. crowd B. crowding C. crowded D. crowdly
6. I think ___ necessary to learn English well. A. its B. it C. that D. that is
7. Paul doesn’t have to be made ___. He always works hard. A. learn B. to learn C. learned D. learning
8. You can’t have the horse _____ all the way. It’s too hot. A. run B. to run C. running D. to be running
9. When I came back, I found the house _____ and everything _____.
A. was broken; took away B. broken into; taken away C. had been broken; taken D. break into; take away
10. I heard that you were elected _____this time. A. monitor B. the monitor C. a monitor D. my monitor
11. For a time his grandmother found _____ accept his new idea. A. hard B. it hard C. it hard to D. it is hard to
12. When I came back, I found nobody ___. It was empty. A. on B. out C. in D. away
13. The speaker raised his voice but still couldn’t make himself ______. A. hear B. to hear C. hearing D. heard
Fill in each blank with the proper verb forms.
1. I saw him ________ (enter) the room, ________ (take) something and________ (go) out.
2. Please have these boxes ________ (carry) to the station right now.
3. They found an old woman _________ (lie) on the ground.
4. You’d better get a doctor________ (pull) out your bad tooth.
5. He sat listening to her ________ (climb) the stairs.
6. I don’t want that kind of thing ________ (keep) happening.
7. He asked for the letter _____________ (send) at once.
8. The workers were made ________ (work) extra hours every day.
9. Returning home, I found the book ________ (miss ).
10.That afternoon, I found her __________ (dress) in white.
高考真题
1. Don’t leave the water ______ while you brush your teeth. A. run B. running C. being run D. to run
2. ---- Is Bob still performing
---- I’m afraid not. He is said ________ the stage already as he has become an official. (05 江苏卷)
A. to have left B. to leave C. to have been left D. to be left
3. You should understand the traffic rule by now. You’ve had it_______ often enough. (05天津卷) A. explaining B. to explain C. explain D. explained
4. I really can’t understand ______ her like that. （05安徽卷）
A. you treat B. you to treat C. why treat D. you treating
Module 3 Unit 3 Project Ancient China and Rome
1. not only…but also 引导两个并列分句，__________________________________________________________
not only…but also 引导两个并列主语，________________________。
Not only was Rome a city and a republic, but it was also to become the capital of one of the largest empires in history.
他不仅工作努力，而且很有礼貌。 Not only ________ working hard, ________________ polite.
她不但很漂亮，而且还很聪明。 ________________________________________________________
不但街道很拥挤，而且城市也被污染了。________________________________________________________
不仅Mike而且他的父母都对古代罗马感兴趣。________________________________________________________
2. likewise adv. -- in the same way; similarly: as well; also.
留心看着他并且照样做。 Watch him and ___________.
玛丽现在要回家, Tony也要回去。 Mary must go home now, and ______________________.
3. as early as + n. 早在…时候 as many as多达… , as much as多达…, as far as远至…, as long as长达…,
人类早在几百年前就开始进行宇宙探险了。Man began his exploration of the universe _________________________________.
无家可归的人数达到20万之多。 _________________ the people who lost homes____________________________.
有些石头甚至重达15 吨。 Some of the stones even _________________________________.
晴天你可以一直看到海边。 On a clear day, you can______________________.
他在这家公司工作长达30年。 He has worked in this company ______________________.
as +adj./adv.+ as possible, as +adj./adv.+ as one can
打开笼子，让鸟儿尽可能高地飞翔。 Open the cage, let the bird fly ______________________.
你应该尽可能多读英语。 You should read ___________ English as possible.
你应该尽可能多读英语。 You should read English ______________________.
4. in return, in return for sth.
但愿我能为你做点事作为报答。 I hope I can do some service to you___________.
送她一些玫瑰以感谢她的好意。 Give her some roses ______________________.
5. have a difficult/ good/ pleasant/ great time ( in doing sth.)
我们很艰难地在美国安家了。 ____________________________________________
他们在岸边冲浪玩得很开心。 ____________________________________________.
It’s time for sth.
It’s time for sb. to do sth.
It’s high/ about time that sb. did
该休息了。 It’s time___________.
这正是我们努力学习的时候。 It’s the right time______________________.
是你戒烟的时候了。 It’s high/ about time ______________________
It is +序数词+ that + have done/ will do. 已经是/将要是第几次做某事。
这是我第一次被父母表扬。 It’s the first time that I ______________________ by my parents.
这将是我们第二次在英国留学。 It’s the second time that we ______________________ in the UK.
at one time 曾经， 一度
at a time 一次
at no time 决不
at all times 随时，永远
in time for sth./ to do sth. 赶得上做某事
in no time 马上，立刻Module 3 Unit 3 Back to the Past Teachers’ Sheet
Module 3 Unit 3 Reading Lost Civilization
1. arrange v.
1) 排列；整理
他把书架上的书整理了一下。 He arranged the books on the shelf.
词典里的词是按字母顺序编排的。In a dictionary the words are arranged in alphabetical order.
2) 安排；准备 我们准备了一个晚会。We have arranged a party.
3) 商定 我和她商定8点钟见面。I’ve arranged with her to meet at 8.
We had been trying every possible means to arrange a peace but failed.
我们想尽办法试图达成和解,但没有成功。
4) 准备, 安排 vi. arrange for sb./sth. to do
我已安排了一辆汽车去车站接他们。
I've arranged for a car to pick them up at the station.
arrangement n.
make arrangement for 为...做好准备; 为...做好安排
2. go on a trip/ journey/ tour/ expedition to sp. ___________________________________
去失落的文明古地进行文化探寻 go on a cultural expedition to sites of lost civilizations
去那个文化遗址进行一次愉快的旅行 go on a pleasant trip to the cultural heritage
3. be visiting Pompeii
有些短暂性动词如 come, go, leave, arrive, stay, take off, etc. 的进行时态可以表示将来时。
我们明早离开南京开始那伟大的探险。
We’re leaving Nanjing for the great expedition tomorrow morning.
飞机十分钟后起飞。 The plane is taking off in ten minutes.
4. take over接任；接管
你看着他们到10点钟，然后我来接班。 You watch them until 10 pm, and then I’ll take over.
好的有用的东西应当继承。 What is good and still useful should be taken over.
5. bury sb. alive → (sb.) be buried alive
alive adj. 活的，活跃的，用于指人，在句中作表语、后置定语或宾补/主补，不可作前置定语。
live adj. 活的, 实况转播的, 用于指物，在句中作定语。
living adj. 活着的，有生命的， 指人指物均可。
lively adj. 活泼的；生气勃勃的
1）这些鱼被活捉。 The fish were caught alive.
2）我们捉的鱼还活着。 The fish we caught are still alive.
3）谁是当今最伟大的诗人？ Who is the greatest poet alive
4）她虽已年迈，但仍很活跃。 Although old， she is still very much alive.
5）开始探险时，他们带上了活猪和活鸡。 They took live pigs and chicks with them when they began their expedition.
6）那猫在玩一只活老鼠。 The cat is playing with a live mouse.
7）那不是录音节目,是实况转播。It wasn't a recorded show; it was live.
8）英语是活的语言。 English is a living language.
9）对我们来说在世的人比去世的人更重要。 The living are more important to us than the dead.
10）那些星球上，有没有一颗上有生物存在的？ Are there any living things on one of those stars
11）一个生气勃勃的人，总是充满活力并且总在做事。 A lively person is full of life and is always doing things.
12) 儿童们往往有丰富的幻想力。 Children usually have a lively fancy.
6. So+ 助动词+ 另一主语。主谓是倒装结构，表示前面所说的情况也适用于后者。
吉姆是美国人，凯特也是。 Jim is from the US, and so is Kate.
这学期我的口语提高了，我妹妹也是。I have improved my spoken English this term. So has my sister.
I will study computer science next term and so will my brother. （我弟弟也一样）
I like to eat fish. So does my roommate. （我的室友也一样）
If you go to the cinema this evening, so shall I. （我也去）
If she refuses to sign on the agreement, so will I. （我也不签）
Neither/Nor+ 助动词+ 另一主语。意为“。。。。。。也不这样”
Jane doesn’t like dancing. Neither/Nor do I. （我也不喜欢）
Bob wasn’t at school last Friday. Neither/Nor were his friends.（他的朋友也没来）
I didn’t watch the film last night. Neither/Nor did my parents.（我的父母也没去）
If you don’t do it, neither/nor will I. （我也不干）
So + 人称代词（同一主语）+助动词。主谓是正常词序，表示说话人赞同前面所说的情况。
“ You’ve dropped a word here.” “Yes, so I have.” （是丢了）
“Tom hopes to be an archaeologist.” “ So he does.” （他确有此愿）
“These books are really well written.” “So they are.” （的确如此）
Our teacher asked me to go and see him after school and so I did. （于是我就去了）
So it is/ was with + 另一主语.
I have graduated from co llege and will take up a job as a nurse. So it is with Sarah. （萨拉也是如此）
John likes Chinese but he isn’t good at it. So it is with Mary. （玛利也是如此）
7. with+ 宾语+ 宾补，在句中作状语或定语。
1）她眼含热泪离开了办公室。 She left the office with tears in her eyes.
2）那个男孩靠在墙上，手放在口袋里。
The boy leaned against the wall, with his hands in his pockets.
3）昨晚杰克太累了，作业做了一半就睡了。
Last night Jack was so tired that he went to bed with his homework half done.
4）你站在这儿我们没法集中精力工作。With you standing here, we can’t concentrate on our work.
5）所有的窗户开着，他睡得很好。He slept well with all the windows open.
6）皇帝什么也没穿，走在游行队伍的中间。
The emperor walked in the middle of the parade with nothing on.
7）在党的领导下，我们一定会胜利。With the Party to lead us, we are sure to win.
8）那位勇士只用木棍作武器和老虎搏斗。
The brave man fought the tiger with a stick his only weapon.
9）双手被绑在身后的那个人很勇敢。
The man with his hands tied behind his back was very brave.
10）双眼紧盯着劫匪的那位女士是位著名的侦探。
The lady with her eyes fixed upon the robber is a famous detective.
Module 3 Unit 3 Reading Lost Civilization
8. turn A to/ intoB 使A变成B
天气极冷时水能结成冰。Water turns to/ into ice when it freezes.
她把房子改成了商店。 She turned her house into a shop.
悲惨的生活使他成了一个少言寡语的人。 His sad life has turned him into a man of few words.
turn to 1) 翻到 2）转向（求助） 3）转向做。。。
Please turn to the next page and get down to reading the article. _______________________________________
When in trouble, you should turn to your friends for help/ advice._________________________________________
在漆黑的街上，她找不到一个人可以求助。
In the dark street, she hadn’t got a single person she could turn to for help.
一些农民转向养鹿，使得鹿的数量急剧上升。
Some farmers have turned to keeping deer, which causes the number of the deer to increase rapidly.
turn down 1) 减弱，降低 2) 拒绝，不接受
turn up 1）把声音开大；把力量加大 2）找到；发现
turn on 打开（煤气、自来水、电灯等）
turn off 关闭
turn over 1) 翻转 2）移交
turn in 1）把…交给警方 2）归还
turn out 1）生产；出产 2）结果是
我们计划明年生产十万台计算机以满足市场需要。
We are to turn out 100,000 computers next year to meet the market requirements.
这项计划结果归于失败。 The plan turned out to be a failure.
事情正如教授所预见的那样。Things turned out to be exactly as the professor had foreseen.
9. house v. 提供住处；供给房子用
Those caves may house snakes or some other wild animals. 那些洞里也许有蛇或者其它什么野兽。
The personal picture exhibition is housed in that building. 个人画展设在那所房子里。
他努力设法赡养和安置他的家属。 He is trying hard to feed and house his family.
10． neither … nor… （两者）既不...也不…
either… or… 不是…就是…
not only… but also… 不但。。。而且。。。
not … but… 不是。。。而是。。。
both… and… （两者）都
I’m neither for nor against the proposal. 我既不赞成也不反对那个建议。
Neither you nor I, nor anybody else knows the answer. 你, 我, 其他任何人都不知道这答案。
She can speak not only French but also Spanish. ____________________________________
The young man is not a pianist but a dancer. ____________________________________
注：1） 除了both… and… 连接两个并列主语时谓语动词一定要用复数外，其他结构都以第二个名词来决定谓语的单复数，即按照就近原则来决定。
1) 你和我都没错。 Neither you nor I am wrong.
2) 不是我父亲就是我兄弟要来。Either my father or my brothers are coming.
3) Not only Pompeii but also Loulan is a lost civilization.
4) Not sand but volcano has (have) destroyed the whole city of Pompeii.
教学与科研都在大踏步前进。 Both teaching and research work are making great progress.
2）not only… but also… 和 neither… nor… 放句首表示否定时要倒装。
理论没有实践不行, 实践没有理论也不行。
Neither could theory do without practice, nor could practice do without theory.
他不仅来了，而且还带来了有用的参考书。
Not only did he come, but he also brought with him a helpful reference book.
11． It is believed by many people to have been gradually covered over by sandstorm from AD 200 to AD500.
= It is believed by many people that it ( Loulan) was gradually covered over by standstorm from AD 200 to AD500.…
____________________________________________________________________________________
It is/was known (said, reported, supposed, thought, expected, announced,ect) that sb./sth. do …
= Sb./Sth. is/was known to do sth.
1) It is said that they take exercise regularly to keep fit.
= They are said to take exercise regulary to keep fit.
2) It was thought that the archaeologists were doing research on the painted pots they had dug.
= The archaeologists were thought to be doing research on the painted pots they had dug.
3) It was reported that the Swedish explorer had discovered the ruins of the Loulan Kingdom.
= The Swedish explorer was reported to have discovered the ruins of the Loulan Kingdom.
4) It is known to us all that he has conquered English.
= He is known to us all to have conquered English.
5) It is believed that it was a green land with enormous trees.
= It is believed to have been a green land with enormous trees.
12. ruin v. 1) 毁坏；毁灭 2) 使破产
她把水全倒在了我的画上，把画毁了。She poured water all over my painting, and ruined it.
我被那场官司搞得倾家荡产。I was ruined by that law case.
n. [常用复] 衰败；毁灭; 废墟
我们看见了这座教堂的废墟。 We saw the ruins of the church.
13. remain v.
1) 留下；遗留
我去了城市，可弟弟留在了家里。 I went to the city, but my brother remained at home.
2) 继续”保持某种状态” 系表结构 remain+adj./ n.
彼得当了法官，但约翰仍然是个渔民。Peter became a judge but John remained a fisherman.
客栈老板之死仍然是个谜。The death of the innkeeper still remains a mystery.
他决心不管发生什么事都忠于球队。He's determined to remain loyal to the team whatever comes his way.
3) 事实尚待证明。?The fact remains to be proved.
n. [常用复] 1）剩余物, 残余; 2）遗物, 废墟, 遗迹
remains of a meal 残羹剩饭 the remains of a fortune 遗产
文化遗迹 the remains of the cultural heritage
14. find + O. + OC
我们断定某人有罪 We found him guilty. ________
我发现俄语语法很难学。 I find Russian grammar very difficult to learn. ________
I found him out. _________
He found his dog on the fence. ___________
教授觉得难以说明。 The professor found it difficult to explain.
Sven 发现楼房的废墟被埋在沙里。 Sven found the remains of the building buried under the sand. _________
Module 3 Unit 3 Grammar Object Complement
I. 简单句的五种基本句型:
1）SVi 主语 + 不及物动词
2）SLP 主语 + 连系动词 + 表语
3）SVO 主语 + 及物动词 + 宾语
4）SVOO 主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语
5）SVOC 主语 +及物动词 十宾语 十宾语补足语
II. 判断下列句子属于哪种句型：
1. We arrived in Loulan after several days of travelling. _____1_____
2. Tomorrow we are visiting Pompeii. _____3_____
3.He told us that the city was destroyed long ago. _____4_____
4.Tomorrow we are off to Naples. ____2______
5. We found the ruins most interesting. _____5_____
6. The desert was once a green land with enormous trees. _____2_____
7. We find it hard to decide which words or phrases to use. _____5_____
8. People started to dig in the area for treasure. _____3_____
III. What can be object complement
1. They made him director of the Pompeii dig. 名词或名词短语
2. The heat almost drove me crazy. 形容词
3. Please show him out. 副词
4. You should keep the books on the desk. 介词短语
5. Mother made Charles tidy his bedroom before he went out. 不带to不定式短语
6.The boss ordered the typist to have all the documents ready. 动词不定式短语
7.Through the window, I could see the rain coming down heavily. 现在分词
8. When he woke up, he found himself covered with a coat. 过去分词
IV. 小结： 1. 宾语补足语是补充宾语的成分,通常置于宾语之后。 宾语+宾语补足语=>复合宾语。
2. 可以用作宾补的有名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式、现在分词和过去分词。
3. 能带宾补的动词一定是及物动词。
4. 主动语态句子中的宾语在被动语态句子中是主语，相应的宾补就成为主补。常跟宾语补足语的动词：
第一类, 感官动词, 所接的宾补可以是不带to的动词不定式，也可以是现在分词或过去分词。
feel, hear, listen to, notice, observe, see, watch, look at
I saw him cross/crossing the road. => He was seen to cross/ crossing the road.
但变为被动语态时,不定式的to要还原。
第二类, 使役动词, 所接的宾补多为动词不定式或过去分词。如：let, have, get, make, would like, want等。
This makes people know the importance of protecting environment.
If you are back, will you please make yourself known to me
The machine doesn’t work. I must have it repaired right now.
第三类, 含命名意义的动词, 所接的宾补一般是名词。如：call, name, appoint, elect, make, consider等。
Call me Joe, please.
She was elected president of the company.
复合宾语和双宾语的区别: They have made me chairman. (宾补) 使我成为主席
They have made me a nice chair. (直接宾语) 为我做了把好椅子
第四类, v + sb. + to do sth. 结构中的动词, 所接的宾补一般是不定式。
advise, allow, ask, beg, cause, expect, force, get, help, inspire, invite, order, permit, persuade, remind, request, require, teach, tell, train, urge, want, warn, wish, report等
第五类, find, keep, leave 等几个词的用法非常灵活,后面所接的宾补可以是形容词、副词、现在分词、过去分词等。
We found it very difficult to solve the problem.
How can you keep them waiting for so long
Keep the door closed.
改出一处错并指出宾补： 1. None of us think likely that anyone survived the air crash. thnk it likely
2.The government is considering a law to make it illegal advertising cigarette. to advertise
单选： 1. The missing boy was last seen ____ near the river. A. playing B. to be playing C. play D. to play
2. I feel ____ unwise to give a child whatever he or she wants. A. that B. how C. it D. what
3. It is wise to have some money ___ for old age. A. put away B. kept up C. given away D. laid up
4. He slipped into the room, without himself ____. A. seen B. being seen C. seeing D. to see
5. He found the street much ____. A. crowd B. crowding C. crowded D. crowdly
6. I think ___ necessary to learn English well. A. its B. it C. that D. that is
7. Paul doesn’t have to be made ___. He always works hard. A. learn B. to learn C. learned D. learning
8. You can’t have the horse _____ all the way. It’s too hot. A. run B. to run C. running D. to be running
9. When I came back, I found the house _____ and everything _____.
A. was broken; took away B. broken into; taken away C. had been broken; taken D. break into; take away
10. I heard that you were elected _____this time. A. monitor B. the monitor C. a monitor D. my monitor
11. For a time his grandmother found _____ accept his new idea. A. hard B. it hard C. it hard to D. it is hard to
12. When I came back, I found nobody ___. It was empty. A. on B. out C. in D. away
13. The speaker raised his voice but still couldn’t make himself ______. A. hear B. to hear C. hearing D. heard
(key: ACAAC BBCBA CCD)
Fill in each blank with the proper verb forms.
1. I saw him _enter__ (enter) the room, _take__ (take) something and _get__ (go) out.
2. Please have these boxes __carried_ (carry) to the station right now.
3. They found an old woman ____lying___ (lie) on the ground.
4. You’d better get a doctor _to_pull__ (pull) out your bad tooth.
5. He sat listening to her __climbing_ (climb) the stairs.
6. I don’t want that kind of thing __to keep__ (keep) happening.
7. He asked for the letter _to be_sent___ (send) at once.
8. The workers were made _to work__ (work) extra hours every day.
9. Returning home, I found the book __missing_ (miss ).
10.That afternoon, I found her _dressed_ (dress) in white.
高考真题
1. Don’t leave the water ______ while you brush your teeth. A. run B. running C. being run D. to run
2. ---- Is Bob still performing
---- I’m afraid not. He is said ________ the stage already as he has become an official. (05 江苏卷)
A. to have left B. to leave C. to have been left D. to be left
3. You should understand the traffic rule by now. You’ve had it_______ often enough. (05天津卷) A. explaining B. to explain C. explain D. explained
4. I really can’t understand ______ her like that. （05安徽卷）
A. you treat B. you to treat C. why treat D. you treating (BADD)
Module 3 Unit 3 Project Ancient China and Rome
1. not only…but also 引导两个并列分句，紧跟not only 的分句要部分倒装，but also后面的分句不倒装。
not only…but also 引导两个并列主语，句子不倒装。
Not only was Rome a city and a republic, but it was also to become the capital of one of the largest empires in history.
他不仅工作努力，而且很有礼貌。 Not only was he working hard, but he was also polite.
她不但很漂亮，而且还很聪明。 Not only is she very beautiful, but she is also very intelligent.
不但街道很拥挤，而且城市也被污染了。 Not only were the streets crowded, but the city was also polluted.
不仅Mike而且他的父母都对古代罗马感兴趣。 Not only Mike but also his parents are interested in ancient Rome.
2. likewise adv. -- in the same way; similarly: as well; also.
留心看着他并且照样做。 Watch him and do likewise.
玛丽现在要回家, Tony也要回去。 Mary must go home now, and Tony likewise.
3. as early as + n. 早在…时候 as many as多达… , as much as多达…, as far as远至…, as long as长达…,
人类早在几百年前就开始进行宇宙探险了。Man began his exploration of the universe as early as hundreds of years ago.
无家可归的人数达到20万之多。 The number of the people who lost homes reached as many as 200,000.
有些石头甚至重达15 吨。 Some of the stones even weigh as much as fifteen tons.
晴天你可以一直看到海边。 On a clear day, you can see as far as the sea.
他在这家公司工作长达30年。 He has worked in this company as long as thirty years.
as +adj./adv.+ as possible, as +adj./adv.+ as one can
打开笼子，让鸟儿尽可能高地飞翔。 Open the cage, let the bird fly as high as it can.
你应该尽可能多读英语。 You should read as much English as possible.
你应该尽可能多读英语。 You should read English as often as possible.
4. in return, in return for sth.
但愿我能为你做点事作为报答。 I hope I can do some service to you in return.
送她一些玫瑰以感谢她的好意。 Give her some roses in return for her kindness.
5. have a difficult/ good/ pleasant/ great time ( in doing sth.)
我们很艰难地在美国安家了。 We had a difficult time in settling down in the US.
他们在岸边冲浪玩得很开心。 They had a great time in surfing on the beach.
It’s time for sth.
It’s time for sb. to do sth.
It’s high/ about time that sb. did
该休息了。 It’s time for break.
这正是我们努力学习的时候。 It’s the right time for us to study hard.
是你戒烟的时候了。 It’s high/ about time that you gave up smoking.
It is +序数词+ that + have done/ will do. 已经是/将要是第几次做某事。
这是我第一次被父母表扬。 It’s the first time that I have been praised by my parents.
这将是我们第二次在英国留学。 It’s the second time that we will study abroad in the UK.
at one time 曾经， 一度
at a time 一次
at no time 决不
at all times 随时，永远
in time for sth./ to do sth. 赶得上做某事
in no time 马上，立刻
