单项填空答题六法[上学期]
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课件29张PPT。单项填空 答题六法一、排除法排除法是根据有把握的知识，逐一去掉错误选项。这是我们用的最多的一种方法。如：
1.My mind wasn’t on what he was saying so I’m afraid I ___ half of it. (2004全国卷)
A. was missing B. had missed
C. will miss D. missed
2. What surprised me was not what he said but __ he said it. (2004北京卷)
A. the way B. in the way that
C. in the way D. the way which D. missedA. the way3. He speaks English well indeed, but of course not __ a native speaker. (2004上海)
A. as fluent as B. more fluently than
C. so fluently as D. much fluently than C. so fluently as二、代入法
代入法是指把所给的选项代入题干，验证是否构成固定词组、习惯搭配或常见句型。此法也可用于有规律可循的题目。如：
4. The accident is reported to have occurred ___ the first Sunday in February. (2004上海卷)
A. at B. on C. in D. to
B. on5. According to a recent U.S. survey, children spent up to 25 hours a week ___ TV. (2004上海卷) A. to watch B. to watching
C. watching D. watch
6. ___ students are required to take part in the boat race. (2004浙江卷)
A. Ten strong young Chinese
B. Ten Chinese strong young
C. Chinese ten young strong
D. Young strong ten Chinese C. watchingA. Ten strong young Chinese三、分析法分析法是针对具体问题，灵活运用平时所掌握的语法规则，通过剖析题干结构，得出答案。此法常适用于语法考查类题目。
7. ___ Snacks and drinks, but they also brought cards for entertainment when they had a picnic in the forest. (2004上海卷)
A. Not only they brought
B. Not only did they bring
C. Not only brought they
D. Not only they did bring B. Not only did they bring 8. The new reporters hurried to the airport, only ___ the film stars had left. (2004福建卷)
A. to tell B. to be told C. telling D. told
9. Anyway, that evening, __ I’ll tell you more about later, I ended up staying at Rachel’s place. (2004浙江卷)
A. when B. where C. what D. which B. to be toldD. which 四、还原法 有些题目以疑问句、被动语态、强调句等形式出现的，这给同学们解题带来了一定的难度。但将这些题目还原，答案便一目了然。此法是解单项填空题的一把钥匙。如：10. It was ___ back home after the experiment. (2004湖北卷)
A. not until midnight did he go
B. until midnight that he didn’t go
C. not until midnight that he went
D. until midnight when he didn’t go C. not until midnight that he went He didn’t go back home until midnight after the experiment.高考一些单项选择题的测试点本来十分简单，但命题者有意把题干复杂化，改写为一个少见或陌生的结构。对于这类题，应试者可以反其道而行之把题干还原为自己熟悉的结构，这样题目就会变得简单，答案就会一目了然，具体来说，可采用以下几种方法：Instruction一、将倒装句改成陈述句二、将陈述句改为倒装句三、去掉从句或插入语四、改被动句为主动句五、改省略句为一个完整的句子Techniques 一、将倒装句改成陈述句。由于倒装句的使用，句子的结构变得陌生，对于这类题，可将题干还原成一个陈述句。如； 1.Whom would you rather have ___with you ? A.to go B. go C. gone D. going分析：本题题干改成陈述句，则应是： Would you rather have whom___with you ?这样我们一眼就可以看出答案为B。
测试的知识点是使役动词have的宾语补足语用省去to 的动词不定式，表示将要发生的动作。 2.Never ___time come back again. A.will lose B. will lost
C. will losing D. will to lose分析；本题的答案选B。如果将这个句子改为陈述句后我们便可以很容易地看出其结构为： Lost time will never come back again.由于命题时将句子改写成倒装句，题目便具有很大的迷惑性。二、将陈述句改为倒装句。我们首次接触时是一个倒装句，而命题者恰恰是有意地使用陈述句来命题。如: 1.We had ____left home than it began to rain. A.no sooner B.hardly C.almost D.nearly分析：No sooner...than是一个大家十分熟悉的句型。在考察知识点时，命题者却使用了一个陈述句。如果把题干改成：____ had we left home than it began to rain 这道题的答案A也就变得十分清楚了
2.We had ___arrived at the railway station when the train began to move. A.no sooner B.hardly C.almost D.nearly分析:如果把本题改为倒装句,句子的结构就变得很熟悉了,本题考察的是句型
hardly...when,因此，答案应为B.三、去掉从句或插入语。命题者有意地在一个句子中间插入一个从句或插入语，造成主谓隔离。如果将题干中的从句或插入语去掉，题干就会变得很简单。如：1.The person we spoke to ___no answer at first. A.make B.making
C. makes D.made分析；可以看出we spoke to是一个定语从句。将其去掉后，我们就会发现这个句子少了一个谓语动词。故本题选用答案D。2.Who do you think ___us a talk this afternoon? A.to give B.gave C.will give D.giving 分析；you think是一个插入语。如果把它去掉，那么答案C也就变得十分清楚了。 3、The days we looked forward to ____at last.
A.comes B.to come
C.came D.coming分析；本题很容易被误认为介词to的后面要接动名词（即动词-ing的形式）。实际上we looked forward to是一个宾语从句。介词to有其相应的宾语。如果将这个从句去掉，就可以看出本题缺少一个谓语。答案应选C。四、改被动句为主动句。由于被动句的使用，句子的结构相对于主动句来说就没有那么清楚。我们如果将其改为主动句，这类题就会变得清楚的多。如：1.Time should be made good use of ___our lessons well. A.learning B.learned C.to learn D.learns分析：将题干改写为主动句则：We should make good use of time ____our lesson well。
可以发现介词of 有其相应的宾语，其后不能再用动名词做宾语。应选不定式做目的状语。答案是C。
2.The little boy was caught ___in the shop. A.to steal B.stealing C.steal D.stole分析；改为主动句，则为： The salesman caught the boy ___in the shop. 很容易看出考查的知识点是catch sb doing sth.故应选B五、改省略句为一个完整的句子。省略句使考生不易看清句子的结构。对于这类试题，可恢复被省略的成分，使句子的结构变得明朗，进而选择合适的答案。如：1.——How long has this bookshop been in business? ——_____1982. A.After B.In C.Since D.From分析：将答语部分改为一个完整的句子； This bookshop has been in business___1982. 在所给的选项中只有since能同现在完成时连用。故答案为C。 2.——What made her mother so angry? ——____the exam. A.Because she did n't pass B.Her not passing C.She did n't pass
D.Because her not passing分析；将答语部分补全应为：____the exam made her mother so angry.可以看出少了一个主语。而能用作主语的是答案B.这个选项是一个动名词的复合结构. 五、化简法11. Helen was much kinder to her youngest son than to the others, ___, of course, made the others envy him. (2004天津卷)
A. who B. that C. what D. which D. whichand it/that made the others envy him.六、补全法从高考命题的趋势来看，现在更加注重考查语言的运用能力，因此，有的题目挖去了一些成分，我们只有通过实全结构，才能有效地提高答题的正确率。
12. ___ with the size of the whole earth, the biggest ocean does not seem big at all. (2004湖北卷)
A. Compare B. When comparing
C. Comparing D. When compared D. When comparedWhen it is compared …13. If you are planning to spend your money having fun this week, better ___ it – you’ve got some big bills coming. (2004广东卷)
A. forget B. forgot C. forgetting D. to forget
14. –Excuse me, but I want to use your computer to type a report.
--You __ if you don’t take care of it. (2004湖北卷)
A. shan’t B. might not
C. needn’t D. shouldn’t A. forgetA. shan’tyou had better forget it …You shall not have my computer1. Looking! There is a whole crowd of people over there. Go and see what __ if it is bargain, buy it. A. is selling B. has been selling C. is being sold D. has been sold 2. Do come in winter __ all __ you’ll see is a pool of water. A. but; what B. or;/ C. and;but D. or; what 3. –Would you mind if I sit here for a little while? --Certainly not. Just __. A. enjoy yourself B. help yourself C. express yourself D. please yourself Let’s do some exercises!C. is being soldB. or;/D. please yourself4. With a flick of his hand he sent the unfortunate scorpion ___ the table. A. fly down B. flying down C. flew on to D. flown on to 5. –May I go and play with Tom this afternoon, Mum? --No, you can’t go out __ your homework is being done. A. before B. as C. until D. unless 6. –How was your school-board meeting last night? -- ___. A. Very late B. Quite well C. Boring D. Bored B. flying downB. asC. Boring7. –You’re always working. Come on, let’s go shopping. --__ you ever want to do is going shopping. A. Anything B. Something C. All D. That 8. To our greatest joy, he has __ his long illness. A. got through B. gone through C. pulled through D. put through 9. –What’s on tonight? --__? I heard you talking about it with John in the office this morning. A. Don’t you know it yet B. Hadn’t you known it yet C. Didn’t you know it yet D. Haven’t you known it yet C. AllC. pulled throughD. Haven’t you known it yet10. With China’s official entry into __ WTO __ whole nation will face __ chance and challenges. A. the;the;/ B. /; the; / C. the; a; / D. the; /; the 11. –Mike broke his leg when he was playing football. -- __ was that? A. Since when B. Since when ago C. How long D. How long ago 12. –Mrs. White didn’t come last night, did she? --No, we __ for her. A whole night was washed. A. couldn’t have waited B. needn’t have to wait C. didn’t need to wait D. needn’t have waited A. the;the;/D. How long agoD. needn’t have waited13. A laser beam can be turned into a __ weapon. A. dead B. dying C. deathly D. deadly 14. –The boys must have gone to the gymnasium. --You say that they __ to the gymnasium. A. insist on going B. probably went C. were forced D. had better go 15. –Harry had a lot of crab salad. --__. He always has a good appetite. A. So he did B. So did he C. So he had D. So had he D. deadlyB. probably wentA. So he didWelcome again!
1.My mind wasn’t on what he was saying so I’m afraid I ___ half of it. (2004全国卷)
A. was missing B. had missed
C. will miss D. missed
2. What surprised me was not what he said but __ he said it. (2004北京卷)
A. the way B. in the way that
C. in the way D. the way which D. missedA. the way3. He speaks English well indeed, but of course not __ a native speaker. (2004上海)
A. as fluent as B. more fluently than
C. so fluently as D. much fluently than C. so fluently as二、代入法
代入法是指把所给的选项代入题干，验证是否构成固定词组、习惯搭配或常见句型。此法也可用于有规律可循的题目。如：
4. The accident is reported to have occurred ___ the first Sunday in February. (2004上海卷)
A. at B. on C. in D. to
B. on5. According to a recent U.S. survey, children spent up to 25 hours a week ___ TV. (2004上海卷) A. to watch B. to watching
C. watching D. watch
6. ___ students are required to take part in the boat race. (2004浙江卷)
A. Ten strong young Chinese
B. Ten Chinese strong young
C. Chinese ten young strong
D. Young strong ten Chinese C. watchingA. Ten strong young Chinese三、分析法分析法是针对具体问题，灵活运用平时所掌握的语法规则，通过剖析题干结构，得出答案。此法常适用于语法考查类题目。
7. ___ Snacks and drinks, but they also brought cards for entertainment when they had a picnic in the forest. (2004上海卷)
A. Not only they brought
B. Not only did they bring
C. Not only brought they
D. Not only they did bring B. Not only did they bring 8. The new reporters hurried to the airport, only ___ the film stars had left. (2004福建卷)
A. to tell B. to be told C. telling D. told
9. Anyway, that evening, __ I’ll tell you more about later, I ended up staying at Rachel’s place. (2004浙江卷)
A. when B. where C. what D. which B. to be toldD. which 四、还原法 有些题目以疑问句、被动语态、强调句等形式出现的，这给同学们解题带来了一定的难度。但将这些题目还原，答案便一目了然。此法是解单项填空题的一把钥匙。如：10. It was ___ back home after the experiment. (2004湖北卷)
A. not until midnight did he go
B. until midnight that he didn’t go
C. not until midnight that he went
D. until midnight when he didn’t go C. not until midnight that he went He didn’t go back home until midnight after the experiment.高考一些单项选择题的测试点本来十分简单，但命题者有意把题干复杂化，改写为一个少见或陌生的结构。对于这类题，应试者可以反其道而行之把题干还原为自己熟悉的结构，这样题目就会变得简单，答案就会一目了然，具体来说，可采用以下几种方法：Instruction一、将倒装句改成陈述句二、将陈述句改为倒装句三、去掉从句或插入语四、改被动句为主动句五、改省略句为一个完整的句子Techniques 一、将倒装句改成陈述句。由于倒装句的使用，句子的结构变得陌生，对于这类题，可将题干还原成一个陈述句。如； 1.Whom would you rather have ___with you ? A.to go B. go C. gone D. going分析：本题题干改成陈述句，则应是： Would you rather have whom___with you ?这样我们一眼就可以看出答案为B。
测试的知识点是使役动词have的宾语补足语用省去to 的动词不定式，表示将要发生的动作。 2.Never ___time come back again. A.will lose B. will lost
C. will losing D. will to lose分析；本题的答案选B。如果将这个句子改为陈述句后我们便可以很容易地看出其结构为： Lost time will never come back again.由于命题时将句子改写成倒装句，题目便具有很大的迷惑性。二、将陈述句改为倒装句。我们首次接触时是一个倒装句，而命题者恰恰是有意地使用陈述句来命题。如: 1.We had ____left home than it began to rain. A.no sooner B.hardly C.almost D.nearly分析：No sooner...than是一个大家十分熟悉的句型。在考察知识点时，命题者却使用了一个陈述句。如果把题干改成：____ had we left home than it began to rain 这道题的答案A也就变得十分清楚了
2.We had ___arrived at the railway station when the train began to move. A.no sooner B.hardly C.almost D.nearly分析:如果把本题改为倒装句,句子的结构就变得很熟悉了,本题考察的是句型
hardly...when,因此，答案应为B.三、去掉从句或插入语。命题者有意地在一个句子中间插入一个从句或插入语，造成主谓隔离。如果将题干中的从句或插入语去掉，题干就会变得很简单。如：1.The person we spoke to ___no answer at first. A.make B.making
C. makes D.made分析；可以看出we spoke to是一个定语从句。将其去掉后，我们就会发现这个句子少了一个谓语动词。故本题选用答案D。2.Who do you think ___us a talk this afternoon? A.to give B.gave C.will give D.giving 分析；you think是一个插入语。如果把它去掉，那么答案C也就变得十分清楚了。 3、The days we looked forward to ____at last.
A.comes B.to come
C.came D.coming分析；本题很容易被误认为介词to的后面要接动名词（即动词-ing的形式）。实际上we looked forward to是一个宾语从句。介词to有其相应的宾语。如果将这个从句去掉，就可以看出本题缺少一个谓语。答案应选C。四、改被动句为主动句。由于被动句的使用，句子的结构相对于主动句来说就没有那么清楚。我们如果将其改为主动句，这类题就会变得清楚的多。如：1.Time should be made good use of ___our lessons well. A.learning B.learned C.to learn D.learns分析：将题干改写为主动句则：We should make good use of time ____our lesson well。
可以发现介词of 有其相应的宾语，其后不能再用动名词做宾语。应选不定式做目的状语。答案是C。
2.The little boy was caught ___in the shop. A.to steal B.stealing C.steal D.stole分析；改为主动句，则为： The salesman caught the boy ___in the shop. 很容易看出考查的知识点是catch sb doing sth.故应选B五、改省略句为一个完整的句子。省略句使考生不易看清句子的结构。对于这类试题，可恢复被省略的成分，使句子的结构变得明朗，进而选择合适的答案。如：1.——How long has this bookshop been in business? ——_____1982. A.After B.In C.Since D.From分析：将答语部分改为一个完整的句子； This bookshop has been in business___1982. 在所给的选项中只有since能同现在完成时连用。故答案为C。 2.——What made her mother so angry? ——____the exam. A.Because she did n't pass B.Her not passing C.She did n't pass
D.Because her not passing分析；将答语部分补全应为：____the exam made her mother so angry.可以看出少了一个主语。而能用作主语的是答案B.这个选项是一个动名词的复合结构. 五、化简法11. Helen was much kinder to her youngest son than to the others, ___, of course, made the others envy him. (2004天津卷)
A. who B. that C. what D. which D. whichand it/that made the others envy him.六、补全法从高考命题的趋势来看，现在更加注重考查语言的运用能力，因此，有的题目挖去了一些成分，我们只有通过实全结构，才能有效地提高答题的正确率。
12. ___ with the size of the whole earth, the biggest ocean does not seem big at all. (2004湖北卷)
A. Compare B. When comparing
C. Comparing D. When compared D. When comparedWhen it is compared …13. If you are planning to spend your money having fun this week, better ___ it – you’ve got some big bills coming. (2004广东卷)
A. forget B. forgot C. forgetting D. to forget
14. –Excuse me, but I want to use your computer to type a report.
--You __ if you don’t take care of it. (2004湖北卷)
A. shan’t B. might not
C. needn’t D. shouldn’t A. forgetA. shan’tyou had better forget it …You shall not have my computer1. Looking! There is a whole crowd of people over there. Go and see what __ if it is bargain, buy it. A. is selling B. has been selling C. is being sold D. has been sold 2. Do come in winter __ all __ you’ll see is a pool of water. A. but; what B. or;/ C. and;but D. or; what 3. –Would you mind if I sit here for a little while? --Certainly not. Just __. A. enjoy yourself B. help yourself C. express yourself D. please yourself Let’s do some exercises!C. is being soldB. or;/D. please yourself4. With a flick of his hand he sent the unfortunate scorpion ___ the table. A. fly down B. flying down C. flew on to D. flown on to 5. –May I go and play with Tom this afternoon, Mum? --No, you can’t go out __ your homework is being done. A. before B. as C. until D. unless 6. –How was your school-board meeting last night? -- ___. A. Very late B. Quite well C. Boring D. Bored B. flying downB. asC. Boring7. –You’re always working. Come on, let’s go shopping. --__ you ever want to do is going shopping. A. Anything B. Something C. All D. That 8. To our greatest joy, he has __ his long illness. A. got through B. gone through C. pulled through D. put through 9. –What’s on tonight? --__? I heard you talking about it with John in the office this morning. A. Don’t you know it yet B. Hadn’t you known it yet C. Didn’t you know it yet D. Haven’t you known it yet C. AllC. pulled throughD. Haven’t you known it yet10. With China’s official entry into __ WTO __ whole nation will face __ chance and challenges. A. the;the;/ B. /; the; / C. the; a; / D. the; /; the 11. –Mike broke his leg when he was playing football. -- __ was that? A. Since when B. Since when ago C. How long D. How long ago 12. –Mrs. White didn’t come last night, did she? --No, we __ for her. A whole night was washed. A. couldn’t have waited B. needn’t have to wait C. didn’t need to wait D. needn’t have waited A. the;the;/D. How long agoD. needn’t have waited13. A laser beam can be turned into a __ weapon. A. dead B. dying C. deathly D. deadly 14. –The boys must have gone to the gymnasium. --You say that they __ to the gymnasium. A. insist on going B. probably went C. were forced D. had better go 15. –Harry had a lot of crab salad. --__. He always has a good appetite. A. So he did B. So did he C. So he had D. So had he D. deadlyB. probably wentA. So he didWelcome again!