动名词教案和练习[下学期]
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一. 本周教学内容：
（一）动名词
1. 动名词由动词+ing构成，具有动词和名词的性质，在句中起名词作用，可作主语、宾语、表语和定语。
1）作主语。例如：
It is no use arguing with him.
Collecting information is very important to business men.
Seeing is believing.
注意：动名词和不定式都可以作主语，动名词作主语表示一般或抽象的多次性行为，不定式作主语往往表示具体的或一次性的动作。例如：
To play with fire will be dangerous.（指一具体动作）
Playing with fire is dangerous.（泛指玩火）
但在It is no use/good, not any use/good, useless等后一般用动名词。
2）作表语。例如：
Her job is teaching.
3）作宾语。例如：
He finished reading the book yesterday.
He is fond of playing football.
注<1>：admit, appreciate, avoid, consider, delay, dislike, enjoy, escape, excuse, feel like, finish, forgive, give up, imagine, include, keep, mention, mind, miss, practise, put off, resist, risk, suggest, can’t help，can’t stand（无法忍受）等动词后面必须用动名词作宾语，不能用不定式。
注<2>：forget, go on, like, mean, regret, remember, stop, try等动词可带动名词或不定式作宾语，但意义上有区别。比较：
注<3>：在allow, advise, forbid, permit等动词后直接跟动词作宾语时，要用动名词形式；如果后面有名词或代词作宾语，然后再跟动词作宾语补足语时，其宾语补足语用带to的不定式。例如：
We don’t allow students to smoke here.
We don’t allow smoking here.
注<4>：动词need, require, want作“需要”解，其后跟动词作它的宾语时，必须用动名词，或不定式的被动式。这时，动名词的主动式表示被动意义。例如：
The window needs（requires, wants）cleaning（to cleaned）.
注<5>：下列短语中的“to”是介词，而不是不定式符号，因此后面须接名词或动名词形式。
trust to（依靠） turn to（求助于）
say yes/no to（同意/不同意） be used to（习惯于）
be sentenced to（被判刑） see to（注意处理，照料）
stick to（坚持） stand up to（勇敢面对）
be reduced to（沦为，降为） give rise to（使……发生）
pay attention to（注意） point to（指向）
object to（反对） be opposed to（反对）
lead to（导致） look forward to（盼望）
be open to（愿意接受） look up to（尊敬）
give one’s mind to（专心于） keep to（坚持）
get down to（着手做） give way to（对……让步）
be familiar to（为……所熟悉） find one’s way to（设法达到）
devote oneself to（献身于） be equal to（能胜任）
in addition to（除……外） admit to（承认）
例如：Surely she will be equal to performing her duty.
注<6>：在love, like, hate, prefer, deserve, intend等动词用动名词或不定式无多大区别。但说话人有所指的时候，通常用不定式。
注<7>：start, begin, continue在书面语中多后接动名词，在口语中多后接不定式。
注<8>：在should（would）like/love等后须用不定式。
4)作定语。例如：
He has a reading room.
（二）动名词的复合结构
动名词复合结构的一般规则是：
<1>逻辑主语是有生命的名词：作主语时，必须用名词或代词所有格，作宾语时（尤其在口语中），也可用名词普通格或人称代词宾格。例如：
They insist on Tom’s（his）staying longer.
（有生命，作宾语，用名词/代词所有格）
She didn’t mind Jack（him）coming late.
（有生命，作宾语，用名词/代词宾格）
Tom’s（His）coming is what we have expected.
（有生命，作主语，用名词/代词所有格）
<2>逻辑主语是无生命名词时，只用名词普通格。例如：
Is there any hope of our team winning the match
<3>逻辑主语是指示代词或不定代词this, that, somebody, someone, nobody, none, anybody, anyone时，只能用普通格。例如：
She was disturbed by somebody shouting outside。
（三）动名词的时态和语态
1)动名词的时态
动名词的时态分一般式和完成式两种。如果动名词的动作没有明确地表示出时间是与谓语动作同时发生或在谓语动作之前发生，用动名词的一般式。例如：
His coming will be of great help to us.
We are interested in playing chess.
如果动名词的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前，通常用动名词的完成时态。例如：
I’m sorry for not having kept my promise.
但是在某些动词或词组后，常用动名词的一般形式，尽管其动作是在谓语所表示的动作之前发生。例如：
I shall never forget seeing the Great Wall for the first time.
On hearing the bad news, she couldn’t help crying.
2）动名词的语态
动名词的被动语态也有一般式与完成式两种，当主语是这个动名词所表示的动作对象时，动名词用被动语态。被动语态由“being+过去分词”或“having been+过去分词”构成。例如：
The house showed no sign of havig been damaged.
He was afraid of being left at home.
He likes being helped.
He narrowly escaped being run over.
有些动名词在句中是主动形式，但有被动的含义。例如：
The house requires/needs/wants repairing.
注：在to be worth doing句型中，动名词doing表示的是被动意义。例如：
The book is worth reading.
【试题答案】
1. A 2. B 3. A 4. D 5. B 6. A 7. D 8. A 9. C 10. D
11. B 12. D 13. B 14. D 15. B 16. C 17. A 18. D 19. A
20. B 21. D 22. C 23. D 24. D 25. B 26. C 27. C 28. B
29. A 30. C 31. D 32. A 33. C 34. B 35. C 36. B 37. B
38. C 39. A 40. B 41. C 42. B 43. B 44. D
【模拟试题】
（四）动名词
1. 选出错误句子：
A. Reading good novels please me.
B. Taking a walk in the morning makes one healthier and happier
C. Learning foreign languages takes us lots of time.
D. Studying rules is helpful for everybody.
2. ——Why isn’t Nancy going to meet us
——It’s my fault. I forgot all about ______ her.
A. to telephone B. telephoning C. to telephoning D. the telephoning to
3. I’m not used ________ to like that.
A. to being spoken B. to be spoken C. being spoken D. to speaking
4. It is important for parents and young people to learn how to get through to each other and develop skills in understanding and _______ understood.
A. to be B. be C. are D. being
5. Would you mind _________ here
A. me smoke B. my smoking C. I smoke D. to smoke
6. There is no _______ rid of the mice in the house.
A. getting B. get C. got D. to get
7. Soon after __________ home, it began to rain.
A. I get B. me getting C. me got D. my getting
8. I can’t imagine ________ that with them.
A. doing B. do C. to do D. being done
9. He wrote letter after letter, and it was well past midnight when he finished _______ the last one .
A. to write B. written C. having written D. writing
10. ——Where are the Smiths going to live
——The Smiths are considering ______ to Chicago.
A. moved B. move C. to move D. moving
11. ——What did they struggle for
——The two men resisted ______ it.
A. to examine B. examining C. examine D. by examining
12. ——Did you say I could use your car
——Yes, certainly, but would you mind _____ just yet
A. not to take it B. taking it not C. not take it D. not taking it
13. ___________ the exam will disappoint your parents.
A. You failing B. Your failing C. You fail D. You to fail
14. ——What’s made Joan so upset
——_______ three tickets to the music concert.
A. Lose B. To lose C. Because of losing D. Losing
15. ——Why were you so late for work today
——_______ to the office was very slow this morning because of the traffic.
A. To drive B. Driving C. I drove D. That I drove
16. Sleeping soundly is better for your _______________.
A. sick than go to see the doctor B. visiting the chemist’s shop
C. illness than taking medicine D. illness treated well naturally
17. I think ___________ at the train station will surprise Aunt Kate.
A. your being B. you are C. you being D. you to be
18. ——Is Randy sick
——Yes, _______ all night in the rain caused him to catch a cold.
A. he worked B. him to work C. he working D. his working
19. I am sorry that I missed _____ you.
A. seeing B. to see C. see D. saw
20. ——How do I turn on the TV
——_______ the button at the right.
A. From pushing B. By pushing C. Your pushing D. To push
21. ——How did the prisoner escape
——By climbing a fence and _________ someone’s car.
A. steal B. from stealing C. to steal D. stealing
22. The squirrel was lucky that it just missed __________________ .
A. catching B. to be caught C. being caught D. to catch
23. They wouldn’t allow him _________ across the enemy line.
A. risk going B. risking to go C. going to risk D. to risk going
24. ——It’s difficult to make money as an artist.
——Have you considered ____________ a course in business for artists
A. to take B. about taking C. your taking D. taking
25. We can’t understand ___________ at the poor little match-girl.
A. they laugh B. their laughing C. them to laugh D. them why laugh
26. ——Do you mind ____________
——Go ahead. I don’t mind.
A. opening the window B. I open the window
C. if I open the window D. whether I open the window
27. We insisted ________ by the manager.
A. to be seen B. being seen C. on being seen D. on seeing
28. Sometimes when I look into the sky, I feel like _______ a trip somewhere.
A. to make B. making C. to go for D. make
29. You have no business _______ to me the way you did yesterday.
A. to talk B. talking C. talked D. of talking
30. Mrs. Harley has a habit of asking questions ___________ .
A. but then not listen to the answers B. and then not listen to the answers
C. and then not listening to the answers D. and then doesn’t listen to the answer
31. Miss Joan’s bad habit is ________ without thorough understanding.
A. read B. being read C. to be read D. reading
32. ——Don’t you think a trip to the ocean would be nice
——I dislike ______ in salt water.
A. swimming B. for me to swim C. to swim D. swim
33. We hoped ________ being there would make the work easier.
A. he B. him C. his D. himself
34. There is ________ what may happen.
A. not saying B. no saying C. not to say D. saying not
35. I consider __________ of every fish is a kind of murder.
A. taking B. a taking C. the taking D. to take
36. I regret ___________ harder while young.
A. not have worked B. not having worked C. not work D. not worked
37. You always hear about planes ______ because of technical faults.
A. be delayed B. being delayed C. delaying D. to be delayed
38. ——What happens to your shoes
——They want ____________.
A. to mend B. being mended C. mending D. mended
39. ——What do you expect me to do
——The house needs ___________ .
A. painting B. painted C. being painted D. to being painted
40. English is worth ____________ .
A. to learn B. learning C. to be learned D. being learned
41. My grandfather is a millionaire, but __________ money does not solve all his problems.
A. has B. to have C. having D. having had
42. _______ are allowed here.
A. No smoking and no drink B. No smoking and no drinking
C. No smoke and no drinking D. No smoking and drinking
43. ——Why aren’t you happy
——I don’t like the idea ______.
A. in getting up early B. of getting up early C. for getting up early D. to get up early
44. He has introduced a new method _______ a foreign language.
A. to teach B. teaching C. in teaching D. of teaching
（一）动名词
1. 动名词由动词+ing构成，具有动词和名词的性质，在句中起名词作用，可作主语、宾语、表语和定语。
1）作主语。例如：
It is no use arguing with him.
Collecting information is very important to business men.
Seeing is believing.
注意：动名词和不定式都可以作主语，动名词作主语表示一般或抽象的多次性行为，不定式作主语往往表示具体的或一次性的动作。例如：
To play with fire will be dangerous.（指一具体动作）
Playing with fire is dangerous.（泛指玩火）
但在It is no use/good, not any use/good, useless等后一般用动名词。
2）作表语。例如：
Her job is teaching.
3）作宾语。例如：
He finished reading the book yesterday.
He is fond of playing football.
注<1>：admit, appreciate, avoid, consider, delay, dislike, enjoy, escape, excuse, feel like, finish, forgive, give up, imagine, include, keep, mention, mind, miss, practise, put off, resist, risk, suggest, can’t help，can’t stand（无法忍受）等动词后面必须用动名词作宾语，不能用不定式。
注<2>：forget, go on, like, mean, regret, remember, stop, try等动词可带动名词或不定式作宾语，但意义上有区别。比较：
注<3>：在allow, advise, forbid, permit等动词后直接跟动词作宾语时，要用动名词形式；如果后面有名词或代词作宾语，然后再跟动词作宾语补足语时，其宾语补足语用带to的不定式。例如：
We don’t allow students to smoke here.
We don’t allow smoking here.
注<4>：动词need, require, want作“需要”解，其后跟动词作它的宾语时，必须用动名词，或不定式的被动式。这时，动名词的主动式表示被动意义。例如：
The window needs（requires, wants）cleaning（to cleaned）.
注<5>：下列短语中的“to”是介词，而不是不定式符号，因此后面须接名词或动名词形式。
trust to（依靠） turn to（求助于）
say yes/no to（同意/不同意） be used to（习惯于）
be sentenced to（被判刑） see to（注意处理，照料）
stick to（坚持） stand up to（勇敢面对）
be reduced to（沦为，降为） give rise to（使……发生）
pay attention to（注意） point to（指向）
object to（反对） be opposed to（反对）
lead to（导致） look forward to（盼望）
be open to（愿意接受） look up to（尊敬）
give one’s mind to（专心于） keep to（坚持）
get down to（着手做） give way to（对……让步）
be familiar to（为……所熟悉） find one’s way to（设法达到）
devote oneself to（献身于） be equal to（能胜任）
in addition to（除……外） admit to（承认）
例如：Surely she will be equal to performing her duty.
注<6>：在love, like, hate, prefer, deserve, intend等动词用动名词或不定式无多大区别。但说话人有所指的时候，通常用不定式。
注<7>：start, begin, continue在书面语中多后接动名词，在口语中多后接不定式。
注<8>：在should（would）like/love等后须用不定式。
4)作定语。例如：
He has a reading room.
（二）动名词的复合结构
动名词复合结构的一般规则是：
<1>逻辑主语是有生命的名词：作主语时，必须用名词或代词所有格，作宾语时（尤其在口语中），也可用名词普通格或人称代词宾格。例如：
They insist on Tom’s（his）staying longer.
（有生命，作宾语，用名词/代词所有格）
She didn’t mind Jack（him）coming late.
（有生命，作宾语，用名词/代词宾格）
Tom’s（His）coming is what we have expected.
（有生命，作主语，用名词/代词所有格）
<2>逻辑主语是无生命名词时，只用名词普通格。例如：
Is there any hope of our team winning the match
<3>逻辑主语是指示代词或不定代词this, that, somebody, someone, nobody, none, anybody, anyone时，只能用普通格。例如：
She was disturbed by somebody shouting outside。
（三）动名词的时态和语态
1)动名词的时态
动名词的时态分一般式和完成式两种。如果动名词的动作没有明确地表示出时间是与谓语动作同时发生或在谓语动作之前发生，用动名词的一般式。例如：
His coming will be of great help to us.
We are interested in playing chess.
如果动名词的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前，通常用动名词的完成时态。例如：
I’m sorry for not having kept my promise.
但是在某些动词或词组后，常用动名词的一般形式，尽管其动作是在谓语所表示的动作之前发生。例如：
I shall never forget seeing the Great Wall for the first time.
On hearing the bad news, she couldn’t help crying.
2）动名词的语态
动名词的被动语态也有一般式与完成式两种，当主语是这个动名词所表示的动作对象时，动名词用被动语态。被动语态由“being+过去分词”或“having been+过去分词”构成。例如：
The house showed no sign of havig been damaged.
He was afraid of being left at home.
He likes being helped.
He narrowly escaped being run over.
有些动名词在句中是主动形式，但有被动的含义。例如：
The house requires/needs/wants repairing.
注：在to be worth doing句型中，动名词doing表示的是被动意义。例如：
The book is worth reading.
【试题答案】
1. A 2. B 3. A 4. D 5. B 6. A 7. D 8. A 9. C 10. D
11. B 12. D 13. B 14. D 15. B 16. C 17. A 18. D 19. A
20. B 21. D 22. C 23. D 24. D 25. B 26. C 27. C 28. B
29. A 30. C 31. D 32. A 33. C 34. B 35. C 36. B 37. B
38. C 39. A 40. B 41. C 42. B 43. B 44. D
【模拟试题】
（四）动名词
1. 选出错误句子：
A. Reading good novels please me.
B. Taking a walk in the morning makes one healthier and happier
C. Learning foreign languages takes us lots of time.
D. Studying rules is helpful for everybody.
2. ——Why isn’t Nancy going to meet us
——It’s my fault. I forgot all about ______ her.
A. to telephone B. telephoning C. to telephoning D. the telephoning to
3. I’m not used ________ to like that.
A. to being spoken B. to be spoken C. being spoken D. to speaking
4. It is important for parents and young people to learn how to get through to each other and develop skills in understanding and _______ understood.
A. to be B. be C. are D. being
5. Would you mind _________ here
A. me smoke B. my smoking C. I smoke D. to smoke
6. There is no _______ rid of the mice in the house.
A. getting B. get C. got D. to get
7. Soon after __________ home, it began to rain.
A. I get B. me getting C. me got D. my getting
8. I can’t imagine ________ that with them.
A. doing B. do C. to do D. being done
9. He wrote letter after letter, and it was well past midnight when he finished _______ the last one .
A. to write B. written C. having written D. writing
10. ——Where are the Smiths going to live
——The Smiths are considering ______ to Chicago.
A. moved B. move C. to move D. moving
11. ——What did they struggle for
——The two men resisted ______ it.
A. to examine B. examining C. examine D. by examining
12. ——Did you say I could use your car
——Yes, certainly, but would you mind _____ just yet
A. not to take it B. taking it not C. not take it D. not taking it
13. ___________ the exam will disappoint your parents.
A. You failing B. Your failing C. You fail D. You to fail
14. ——What’s made Joan so upset
——_______ three tickets to the music concert.
A. Lose B. To lose C. Because of losing D. Losing
15. ——Why were you so late for work today
——_______ to the office was very slow this morning because of the traffic.
A. To drive B. Driving C. I drove D. That I drove
16. Sleeping soundly is better for your _______________.
A. sick than go to see the doctor B. visiting the chemist’s shop
C. illness than taking medicine D. illness treated well naturally
17. I think ___________ at the train station will surprise Aunt Kate.
A. your being B. you are C. you being D. you to be
18. ——Is Randy sick
——Yes, _______ all night in the rain caused him to catch a cold.
A. he worked B. him to work C. he working D. his working
19. I am sorry that I missed _____ you.
A. seeing B. to see C. see D. saw
20. ——How do I turn on the TV
——_______ the button at the right.
A. From pushing B. By pushing C. Your pushing D. To push
21. ——How did the prisoner escape
——By climbing a fence and _________ someone’s car.
A. steal B. from stealing C. to steal D. stealing
22. The squirrel was lucky that it just missed __________________ .
A. catching B. to be caught C. being caught D. to catch
23. They wouldn’t allow him _________ across the enemy line.
A. risk going B. risking to go C. going to risk D. to risk going
24. ——It’s difficult to make money as an artist.
——Have you considered ____________ a course in business for artists
A. to take B. about taking C. your taking D. taking
25. We can’t understand ___________ at the poor little match-girl.
A. they laugh B. their laughing C. them to laugh D. them why laugh
26. ——Do you mind ____________
——Go ahead. I don’t mind.
A. opening the window B. I open the window
C. if I open the window D. whether I open the window
27. We insisted ________ by the manager.
A. to be seen B. being seen C. on being seen D. on seeing
28. Sometimes when I look into the sky, I feel like _______ a trip somewhere.
A. to make B. making C. to go for D. make
29. You have no business _______ to me the way you did yesterday.
A. to talk B. talking C. talked D. of talking
30. Mrs. Harley has a habit of asking questions ___________ .
A. but then not listen to the answers B. and then not listen to the answers
C. and then not listening to the answers D. and then doesn’t listen to the answer
31. Miss Joan’s bad habit is ________ without thorough understanding.
A. read B. being read C. to be read D. reading
32. ——Don’t you think a trip to the ocean would be nice
——I dislike ______ in salt water.
A. swimming B. for me to swim C. to swim D. swim
33. We hoped ________ being there would make the work easier.
A. he B. him C. his D. himself
34. There is ________ what may happen.
A. not saying B. no saying C. not to say D. saying not
35. I consider __________ of every fish is a kind of murder.
A. taking B. a taking C. the taking D. to take
36. I regret ___________ harder while young.
A. not have worked B. not having worked C. not work D. not worked
37. You always hear about planes ______ because of technical faults.
A. be delayed B. being delayed C. delaying D. to be delayed
38. ——What happens to your shoes
——They want ____________.
A. to mend B. being mended C. mending D. mended
39. ——What do you expect me to do
——The house needs ___________ .
A. painting B. painted C. being painted D. to being painted
40. English is worth ____________ .
A. to learn B. learning C. to be learned D. being learned
41. My grandfather is a millionaire, but __________ money does not solve all his problems.
A. has B. to have C. having D. having had
42. _______ are allowed here.
A. No smoking and no drink B. No smoking and no drinking
C. No smoke and no drinking D. No smoking and drinking
43. ——Why aren’t you happy
——I don’t like the idea ______.
A. in getting up early B. of getting up early C. for getting up early D. to get up early
44. He has introduced a new method _______ a foreign language.
A. to teach B. teaching C. in teaching D. of teaching