13 菲茨杰拉德·埃拉的明星之路
DATE=3-11-01
TITLE=PEOPLE IN AMERICA #1812 - ELLA FITZGERALD
BYLINE=NANCY STEINBACH
Anncr:
Now, the voa special english program, people in america. Today, shirley griffith and steve ember tell about jazz singer, ella fitzgerald. She was known as America's first lady of song.
((cut 1: how high the moon))
Voice one:
The year was nineteen-thirty-three. The place was new york city. Ella fitzgerald was sixteen years old. She had entered a (1)competition at the apollo theater in (2)harlem. She was going to dance. But she had just watched two dancers perform. They were better dancers than she.
So, instead of dancing, she sang a song called "judy." people watching the competition urged her to sing another song. She did. She won first prize - twenty-five dollars.
That competition at the apollo theater changed ella fitzgerald's life forever. Band leader chick webb was watching the competition. He hired ella to sing with his band. He taught her about singing in public. He even showed her what kind of clothes to wear. In three years, she had her first hit (3)record, "a-tisket-a-tasket":
((cut 2: a-tisket-a-tasket))
Voice two:
Ella fitzgerald was born in the southern city of newport news, virginia in nineteen-seventeen. Her father left soon after her birth. Her mother took ella and moved to new york city. Ella's mother died when ella was fifteen years old. The next year, ella started singing with chick webb's band. She stayed with chick webb until he died in nineteen-thirty-nine. Ella kept his band together after he died until world war two started. Then most of the band (4)members joined the armed forces. While she was with the band, ella recorded almost one-hundred-fifty songs.
Voice one:
Ella fitzgerald was greatly influenced by the (5)experimental music of charlie (6)parker and (7)dizzy gillespie. It was called be-bop. She used be-bop (8)rhythms in her singing. In nineteen-forty-five, she recorded the song "flying home," using the be-bop method known as 'scat'. In scat, the singer's voice sounds like another (9)instrument in the (10)orchestra. (11)critics say it was the most (12)influential jazz record of the time.
((cut 3: flying home))
Voice two:
In nineteen-forty-nine, jazz musician (13)norman granz invited her to join his band. It was with his band in berlin, germany in nineteen-sixty that ella sang a famous song in a very different way. A man asked her if she knew the song "mack the knife." ella said she had heard it a few times but the band did not have the music for it. She said she would try to sing it anyway. This recording shows how she continued to sing "mack the knife" when she did not remember the words. The people listening loved it.
((cut 4: mack the knife))
Voice one:
Norman granz later became her (14)manager. He started a new recording company just for her. It was his idea for ella to record the now famous (15)series of record albums called the 'songbooks'. On each record, she sang works of a different songwriter. She recorded songbooks of the music of cole porter, irving berlin, duke ellington, jerome kern, johnny mercer and harold arlen. Critics say the best songbook is ella singing the songs of george and ira gershwin. Ira gershwin reportedly said, "i never knew how good our songs were until i heard ella fitzgerald sing them. Here, she sings the gershwin song, "i got rhythm":
((cut 5: i got rhythm))
Voice two:
Ella fitzgerald also appeared in movies and on (16)television. She became popular internationally. She performed in concerts around the world sometimes forty weeks a year. She also recorded for different record companies. In the nineteen-sixties, she began to sing more modern songs such as those written by the (17)beatles and burt bacharach. But she was not very successful with that kind of (18)popular music. She returned to jazz in nineteen-seventy-three, again with norman granz. She also began (19)performing with (20)symphony (21)orchestras.
Voice one:
Ella fitzgerald was married two times. Both marriages ended in divorce. She raised three children who were not her own.
Ella lived quietly in beverly hills, california. Throughout her life she was a very (22)private person. She wanted to be known only for her music. Her friends included members of the duke ellington band, count basie's band, and singers like sarah vaughn and peggy lee.
Ella fitzgerald began to have health problems during the nineteen-seventies. She had the disease (23)diabetes which caused problems with her eyes. She had a heart operation in nineteen-eighty-six. In nineteen-ninety-three, the effects of diabetes led to operations to remove both her legs. She died june fifteenth, nineteen-ninety-six.
Voice two:
People around the world loved ella fitgerald's joyful singing. Critics said she had raised the american popular song to the level of art. She won a great many awards. She received the national medal of the arts and a kennedy center honor for lifetime work. The university of maryland named a performing arts center for her.
Ella fitzgerald's wonderful voice lives on in her two-hundred-fifty (24)albums. Thirteen times she won grammy awards given each year for the best recordings. Her last (25)grammy was for the nineteen-ninety record: "all that jazz":
((cut 6: something from all that jazz))
Anncr:
This special english program was written by nancy steinbach. The announcers were shirley griffith and steve ember. I'm sarah long. Listen again next week for another people in america program on the voice of america.
(1) competition[ ??????????? ]n.竞争, 竞赛
(2) harle[????]n.麻的纤维, 羽上的细毛
(3) record[???????? ]n.履历, 档案, 诉状, 最高纪录, 唱片vt.记录, 标明, 将...录音vi.录音,
(4) member[ ?????? ]n.成员, 会员, 议员, (人或动, 植物的)一部分, [语]子句, 成分,
(5) experimental[ ?????????????? ]adj.实验的, 根据实验的
(6) parker停放车辆的人
(7) dizzy[ ????? ]adj.(指人)晕眩的, 昏乱的, (指地点, 情况)使人晕眩的
(8) rhythm[ ?????????????? ]n.节奏, 韵律
(9) instrument[ ??????????? ]n.工具, 手段, 器械, 器具, 手段
(10) orchestra[ ???????????????? ]n.管弦乐队, 乐队演奏处
(11) critic[ ??????? ]n.批评家, 评论家, 吹毛求疵者
(12) influential[ ???????????? ]adj.有影响的, 有势力的
(13) Norman[ ??????? ]n.法国诺曼第人adj.诺曼第的, 诺曼第人[语]的
(14) manager[ ???????? ]n.经理, 管理人员, 管理器
(15) series[ ???????? ]n.连续, 系列, 丛书, 级数
(16) [ ?????????? ]n.电视, 电视机, 电机学, 电视广播事业television
(17) Beatles[ ????????]n.披头士(甲壳虫)合唱队
(18) popular[ ???????? ]adj.通俗的, 流行的, 受欢迎的
(19) perform[ ??????? ]vt.履行, 执行, 表演, 演出v.完成任务
(20) symphony[ ???????? ]n.交响乐, 交响曲
(21) orchestra[ ???????????????? ]n.管弦乐队, 乐队演奏处
(22) private[ ???????? ]adj.私人的, 私有的, 私营的, 秘密的n.士兵
(23) diabetes[ ?????????????????????]n.[医] 糖尿病, 多尿症
(24) album[ ?????? ]n.集邮本, 照相簿, 签名纪念册
(25) Grammy[??????]n.格莱美奖(美国镀金唱片奖，一年一度地奖励录音工业中有特别 成就的奖，如奖给灌制唱片方面成绩卓著者的奖)
14 美国的和平志愿者团体
DATE=3-12-01
TITLE=THIS IS AMERICA #1055 - The Peace Corps
BYLINE=Jill Moss
VOICE ONE:
The (1)Peace (2)Corps is an (3)agency of the United States government. It has improved the lives of many people around the world. And, it has changed the lives of many Americans. I'm Shirley Griffith.
VOICE TWO:
And I'm Steve Ember. The story of the United States Peace Corps is our report today on the VOA Special English program, THIS IS AMERICA.
(THEME)
VOICE ONE:
The Peace Corps is (4)celebrating its fortieth (5)anniversary this year. The very first American Peace Corps workers arrived in the city of Accra, Ghana, in Nineteen-Sixty-One. They were volunteers. They had agreed to work for almost no pay. They would spend two years in Ghana helping to make life better for poor people.
The Peace Corps (6)volunteers lived and worked in much the same way as the (7)Ghanaians they helped. They ate Ghanaian food. They spoke the local language. They followed local (8)customs. And they learned what few Americans knew: the reality of life in a (9)developing country.
VOICE TWO:
In the forty years since then, more than one-hundred-sixty-thousand Americans have served as Peace Corps volunteers. They have lived in one-hundred-thirty-four developing countries.
Peace Corps volunteers have taught millions of students. They have planted crops and trees. They have started health care centers. They have built village water systems. They brought chicken farming to India. And they helped end malaria in Thailand and (10)smallpox in (11)Ethiopia.
VOICE ONE:
Today, the Peace Corps has more than seven-thousand volunteers working in seventy-six countries. They are working in (12)agriculture, (13)economic development, education, the (14)environment and health care.
Peace Corps agriculture programs are (15)designed to teach people how to grow food without (16)damaging the land and other natural (17)resources. In parts of central Africa, for example, volunteers taught farmers how to raise fish in fresh water areas. In (18)Thailand, volunteers taught farmers how to improve soil conditions.
VOICE TWO:
The Peace Corps also has economic development programs. Volunteers provide advice and training to help small businesses develop. They work with business owners, trade groups, (19)community leaders and local governments. In Albania, for example, volunteers helped small stores, eating places and hotels improve their businesses.
In Vanuatu, volunteers helped develop a new computer system for the country's main bank. Almost forty percent of Peace Corps volunteers serve as teachers. In Armenia, for example, a volunteer worked with a local radio station to develop programs to teach English to more people. In Nepal, volunteers helped students write books about their lives, (20)culture and communities. The students sold their books to help earn money for school supplies.
VOICE ONE:
Peace Corps volunteers also help people protect and improve the environment. In Costa Rica, volunteers taught methods of planting trees to twenty-five-thousand farmers. In Sri Lanka, volunteers worked with a local environment organization to protect wetland areas.
Volunteers also help provide health care around the world. In Nicaragua, volunteers developed health education programs about preventing such diseases as cholera, malaria, and AIDS. In many African countries, they have organized programs to give children (21)vaccine medicines to protect them from disease.
((MUSIC BRIDGE))
VOICE TWO:
President John F. Kennedy established the Peace Corps soon after taking office in Nineteen-Sixty-One. The new program gave Americans the chance to answer the call to service that President Kennedy made in his (22)inaugural speech. He said, "Ask not what your country can do for you; ask what you can do for you country." Most of the first Peace Corps volunteers were young people. They had just completed university studies in general subjects. About half of these first volunteers taught English or health care.
The Peace Corps quickly became very popular among young people. By Nineteen-Sixty-Six, there were almost sixteen-thousand volunteers. Today, the Peace Corps is still a popular service (23)organization. But there are fewer volunteers working around the world.
VOICE ONE:
The President of the United States appoints the head of the Peace Corps. President Bush has not yet chosen who will lead the agency under his (24)administration. Until he decides, the Peace Corps acting director is Charles Baquet (ba-kay). He is a former volunteer who served in (25)Somalia in the Nineteen-Sixties.
Mister Baquet replaces Mark Schneider, who was appointed by former President Clinton. Mister Schneider launched several new programs designed to lead the Peace Corps into the twenty-first century. He called for all volunteers in Africa to be trained as educators to help people prevent the spread of the (26)AIDS virus. He also worked to expand the use of information technology and computers in volunteer projects and within communities.
((MUSIC BRIDGE))
VOICE TWO:
This month, the Peace Corps is celebrating its fortieth (27)anniversary. Many former volunteers will visit classrooms in their local communities. They will tell students about their experiences as volunteers. They will tell about the culture, customs and language of the countries they worked in. Many cities and colleges and universities around the United States will also observe the Peace Corps anniversary.
VOICE ONE:
During the Peace Corps's forty-year history, the kinds of volunteers have changed. For example, there are now more women volunteers. Today sixty-one percent of Peace Corps volunteers are women. Forty years ago, less than thirty percent were women. Another difference is that most of the volunteers today are older. Today the average age is twenty-eight. In Nineteen-Sixty-One, the average age was twenty-two.
Seven percent of Peace Corps volunteers today are older than fifty. The oldest volunteer is seventy-nine. Some people join after retiring from their jobs. They can offer knowledge and skills gained from many years of experience in business, health care, or education.
In the past few years, the Peace Corps has succeeded in getting more volunteers from minority groups in the United States. This year, fourteen percent of the total number of volunteers are African-American, Asian-American, or Hispanic- American.
((MUSIC BRIDGE))
VOICE TWO:
Working in the Peace Corps is not easy. Not everyone is able to live and work in another culture, far from home. Also, not everyone is able to deal with poor living conditions. Some Peace Corps volunteers do not finish their jobs. They return to the United States early. Many of those who served in the Peace Corps say their service was the hardest experience of their lives. Yet, they often say it was the best experience.
VOICE ONE:
Some people working at the Voice of America are former Peace Corps volunteers. In fact, Special English writer Jill Moss recently returned from the Peace Corps. She and her husband, Brad, lived in the Solomon Islands, in the South Pacific.
During her Peace Corps service, Jill taught English at a community school. Brad (28)advised local government leaders about developing businesses.
Jill says one of the best parts of her service was building close (29)relationships with her students. She still writes to many of them and urges them to work hard at school. She says teaching in a developing country was difficult. But she says her students were (30)intelligent and she enjoyed helping them.
VOICE TWO:
Jill says her community in the Solomon Islands became her second family. She enjoyed learning about the Solomon Islands culture and the many languages spoken in the country. In turn, the Solomon Islanders learned about the United States. Jill says this is one of the best things a Peace Corps volunteer can do -- teach people in other countries about Americans.
Jill Moss says volunteering for the Peace Corps was a great experience because it taught her about the rest of the world. Most former volunteers agree. They say that during their Peace Corps service, they (31)received far more than they gave.
(( THEME ))
VOICE ONE:
This program was written by Shelley Gollust and Jill Moss. It was produced by Cynthia Kirk. I'm Shirley Griffith.
VOICE TWO:
And I'm Steve Ember. Join us again next week for another report about life in the United States on the VOA Special English program, THIS IS AMERICA.
(1) peace[ ???? ]n.和平, 和睦, 安宁, 静寂vi.安静下来
(2) corps[???: ]n.军团, 兵队, 团, 兵种, 技术兵种, 特殊兵种, (德国大学的)学生联合会
(3) agency[ ????????? ]n.代理处, 行销处, 代理, 中介
(4) celebrate[ ?????????? ]v.庆祝, 祝贺, 表扬, 赞美, 举行
(5) anniversary[ ???????????i ]n.周年纪念
(6) volunteer[????????????]n.志愿者, 志愿兵adj.志愿的, 义务的, 无偿的v.自愿
(7) Ghanaian[ ????????? ]n.加纳人adj.加纳(人)的
(8) custom[ ??????? ]n.习惯, 风俗, <动词单用>海关, (封建制度下)定期服劳役,
(9) developing[ ?????????? ]adj.发展中的
(10) smallpox[??????????]n.[医]天花
(11) Ethiopia[ ??????????? ]n.埃塞俄比亚(非洲东部国家)
(12) agriculture[ ??????????? ]n.农业, 农艺, 农学
(13) economic[???????????k ]adj.经济(上)的, 产供销的, 经济学的
(14) environment[ ?????????????? ]n.环境, 外界
(15) design[ ??????? ]n.设计, 图案, 花样, 企图, 图谋, (小说等的)构思, 纲要v.设计, 计划,
(16) damage[ ??????? ]n.损害, 伤害v.招致损害n.[律] (用复数)赔偿金
(17) resource[???????? ]n.资源, 财力, 办法, 智谋
(18) Thailand[ ???????d ]n.泰国
(19) community[ ??????????? ]n.公社, 团体, 社会, (政治)共同体, 共有, 一致, 共同体,
(20) culture[ ??????? ]n.文化, 文明
(21) vaccine[ ???????n ]adj.疫苗的, 牛痘的n.疫苗
(22) inaugural[???????????? ]adj.就职的, 开始的n.就职演说
(23) organization[ ??????????????? ]n.组织, 机构, 团体
(24) administration[ ??????????????? ]n.管理, 经营, 行政部门
(25) Somalia[ ?????????? ]n. 索马里
(26) AIDS[????]abbr.爱滋病, 获得性免疫功能丧失综合症
(27) anniversary[ ???????????? ]n.周年纪念
(28) advise [???????? ]vt.劝告, 忠告, 警告, 建议[ Ed5vaizd ]adj.考虑过的, 细想过的
(29) relationship[ ???????????? ]n.关系, 关联
(30) intelligent[ ???????????? ]adj.聪明的, 伶俐的, 有才智的, [计]智能的
(31) receive[ ??????? ]vt.收到, 接到, 接收, 遭到, 受到, 接待, 接见
15 电视节目"生还者"大受欢迎
DATE=3-16-2001
TITLE=AMERICAN MOSAIC #809 - Reality TV
BYLINE=Paul Thompson
HOST:
Last summer, a television program called "(1)Survivor" was extremely popular in the United States. It followed several people as they tried to survive on a small island in the Pacific Ocean. A second "Survivor" is being (2)broadcast now from Australia. This kind of program is called "reality" television. Shep O'Neal tells about other "reality" programs that may be broadcast in the future.
ANNCR:
Donald Trump is one of the richest men in America. Mister Trump has an idea for a new television program. It is called "(3)Billionaire."
Mister Trump says he got the idea from a very old television program called "(4)Millionaire." On that show, a rich man gave a different person one-million dollars every week. The stories told what they did with the money or how it affected their lives.
The stories on that program were (5)imaginary. What Mister Trump wants to do will be very real! He wants to see if a person could spend one-million dollars in only thirty minutes. Four people each week would try to spend that amount during the program. The person spending as close as possible to one-million dollars could either keep what they bought or keep the money.
Spending all that money in such a short period of time may be more difficult than you might think. Mister Trump has developed several rules for this game. First, a telephone or a computer cannot be used to buy things. Only two-hundred-thousand dollars can be spent on any one thing. And the people chosen to take part will not know just when they will be asked to spend the money.
Another "reality" program being planned is called "(6)Combat (7)Missions." This program aims to create four teams of four people who are combat experts trained by the(8)military or police. The teams will compete against each other to carry out dangerous jobs. These might include rescuing a kidnap victim or saving (9)passengers on a (10)hijacked airplane. The winners will receive two-hundred-fifty-thousand dollars.
The television company that is planning the program has already accepted names of people interested in serving on the four teams.
Will "Billionaire" or "Combat Missions" ever be seen on television? We will have to wait and find out. If they do, we will tell you more about them.
外国留学生系列报道摘要（二）
DATE=3-16-2001
TITLE=AMERICAN MOSAIC #809 - Foreign Student Series: (11)Summary
BYLINE=Nancy Steinbach
HOST:
(Start at 4'38")American Mosaic has been broadcasting a series of reports for foreign students who want to attend college in the United States. This is the final program in this series.
We hope these reports helped students think about their goals and provided ways to reach them.
We explained the kinds of colleges and universities in the United States, how to get information about them and how to apply for (12)admission. We discussed admissions tests and how to prepare for them. We reported about the high cost of attending an American university and told about possible places to seek (13)financial aid. We talked about the legal (14)documents that are needed before a student can travel to the United States to attend college. We also discussed the possibility of using the computer to take classes at an American college without leaving home.
In other programs, we told about some American colleges that are not so well known. (15)Landmark College, for example, teaches students with learning disabilities. The Citadel provides a military education. Johnson and Wales University offers business studies. We also provided information about (16)community colleges, (17)agricultural colleges and the Masters of Business Administration degree.
We would like to thank everyone who wrote to us asking questions that were used in this series. They helped us explain subjects we had not considered. For example, we explained about the need for student health insurance. We reported about working as a teaching assistant. We discussed (18)dormitory life. And we told the (19)difference between an American college and a university.
All these reports can be found on the computer by going to the Special English web site. The address is www.voa.gov/special. We hope you will continue to listen to American Mosaic for reports about American life and other information about American colleges. In about two years, we will broadcast this series again to provide new (20)information. By then, another group of students will be looking for information about attending college in the United States.
新版"萨克逊之战"近日发行
DATE=3-16-2001
TITLE=AMERICAN MOSAIC - Battles of the Saxes
BYLINE=Nancy Steinbach
HOST:
(Start at 8'04")Prestige Records has just released a new album of great jazz (21)saxophone music. It is called "Battles of the (22)Saxes." Shirley Griffith has more.
ANNCR:
The eleven songs on "Battles of the Saxes" were recorded by some of the best jazz musicians in the Nineteen-Forties through the Nineteen-Sixties.
The first song is called "Battle of the Saxes." It was recorded in Nineteen-Forty-Nine. The musicians are Stan Getz, Zoot Sims, Al Cohn (CAAHN), Allen Eager and Brew Moore.
((CUT 1: BATTLE OF THE SAXES))
Other musical (23)instruments are also heard on "Battles of the Saxes." Four saxophones and a flute play the song "Groove (24)Blues". The saxophone players are Gene Ammons, Paul Quinichette (KIN-i-shet), John Coltrane and Pepper Adams. Jerome Richardson plays the (25)flute.
((CUT 2: GROOVE BLUES))
Another song on the album is a recording by two great saxophone players. John Coltrane and Sonny Rollins never made an album together. But they did record a song in Nineteen-Fifty-Six. We leave you now with that song, "(26)Tenor (27)Madness."
(1) survivor[ ???????? ]n.生还者, 残存物
(2) broadcast[ ??????????? ]n.广播, 播音v.播撒(种子), 广播(无线电或电视)
(3) billionaire[ ????????? ]n.亿万富翁
(4) millionaire[ ?????????? ]n.百万富翁, 大富豪
(5) imaginary[ ??????????? ]adj.假想的, 想象的, 虚构的
(6) combat[ ????????]n.战斗, 格斗v.战斗, 搏斗, 抗击
(7) mission[ ?????? ]n.使命, 任务, 使团, 代表团
(8) military[?????????? ]adj.军事的, 军用的
(9) passenger[ ????????? ]n.乘客, 旅客
(10) hijack[ ???????? ]vt.抢劫, 劫持, 劫机, 揩油
(11) summary[ ??????? ]n.摘要, 概要
(12) admission[ ???????? ]n.允许进入, 承认某事之陈述, 供认
(13) financial[ ??????????, ???- ]adj.财政的, 金融的
(14) document[ ?????????? ]n.公文, 文件, 文档, 档案, 文献v.证明
(15) landmark[???????:k]n.(航海)陆标, 地界标, 里程碑, 划时代的事
(16) community[ ??????:???? ]n.公社, 团体, 社会, (政治)共同体, 共有, 一致,
(17) agricultural[???^???????????? ]adj.农业的, 农艺的
(18) dormitory[ ???:????? ]n.宿舍
(19) difference[ ????????? ]n.差异, 差别, 分歧, 争论, [数]差额, 差分adj
(20) information[ ???????????? ]n.通知, 报告, 消息, 情报, 知识, 见闻,
(21) saxophone[ ?????????? ]n.[音] 萨克斯管(铜管类乐器)
(22) saxe[ ???? ]n.撒克逊蓝(一种染料), 蛋白照相纸
(23) instrument[ ??????????? ]n.工具, 手段, 器械, 器具, 手段
(24) blues[?????]n.抑郁, 沮丧,忧郁布鲁斯歌曲(蓝调音乐)
(25) flute[ ????? ]n.长笛, 笛状物, 凹槽
(26) tenor[ ????? ]n.进程, 路程, 要旨, 大意, 男高音, 誊本adj.[音] 男高音的
(27) madness[???????]n.疯狂, 愚蠢的行为
