19 一个新的美国自愿者组织成立
DATE=3-23-2001
TITLE=AMERICAN MOSAIC #810 - GeekCorps
BYLINE=Nancy Steinbach
HOST:
(Start at 57")A (1)volunteer is a person who (2)provides services without being paid. People volunteer as a way to help others. A new American volunteer organization is sending information technology experts to share their skills with people in developing countries. The group calls itself "GeekCorps." ek" is an American slang word. It (3)describes someone who is an expert in computers and technology. GeekCorps says it is giving such people a chance to help change the world. GeekCorps is based on a forty-year-old American (4)government program called the Peace Corps. The Peace Corps sends volunteers to help people in developing countries.
Ethan Zuckerman is the chief official of GeekCorps. Mister Zuckerman says the organization wants to teach the world about the Internet World Wide Web and how to use it. He says GeekCorps is looking for people who have (5)experience with information technology and want to spend three months working with small businesses in developing countries.
These volunteers are trained at the GeekCorps (6)headquarters in North Adams, Massachusetts. The ten-day training teaches volunteers about understanding people in another (7)culture. The volunteers learn how to teach their skills to other people. They also learn about the country they will be working in.
Eight volunteers went to Ghana in January. Three are Americans. Two are Dutch, one is Canadian, one is Danish and one is French. It is the second group to volunteer in (8)Ghana. The volunteers teach people in Ghana how to use computers and the World Wide Web to improve their (9)businesses.
GeekCorps wants to expand its activities in Ghana and in other African countries. Ethan Zuckerman says he would like to have twenty volunteers working in Ghana at the same time. He says GeekCorps also has plans to send volunteers to (10)Latin America later this year.
To learn more about GeekCorps, use a computer to visit its web (11)site. The address is www.geekcorps.org.
篮球运动的规则
DATE=3-23-2001
TITLE=AMERICAN MOSAIC #810 - Basketball B
YLINE=Nancy Steinbach
HOST:
(Start at 4'32")Our VOA listener question this week comes in an e-mail from China. The listener asks about the sport of basketball.
Organized basketball (12)involves two teams of five players each. The players score points by throwing a large round ball into a raised goal called a basket. One basket is at each end of the playing area, or court. Players may move the ball toward the basket only by (13)bouncing it on the floor or passing it to another team member. Each team also tries to prevent the other team from scoring. The team that scores the most points is the winner.
James Naismith invented the game of basketball in Eighteen-Ninety-One. He was a (14)physical education teacher in Springfield, Massachusetts. He wanted to create a team sport that could be played indoors during the winter.
People immediately enjoyed basketball's (15)excitement and fast action. In just a few years, both men and women were playing basketball at schools and sports centers throughout North America. It became so popular that people started paying money to watch basketball games. American soldiers took the game to Europe during World War One.
In Nineteen-Thirty-Six, basketball became part of the competition at the Olympic Games. About the same time, college basketball was becoming a (16)major national sport in the United States. The best college players went on to play for (17)professional teams.
That is still true today. Hundreds of American colleges and (18)universities have men's and women's basketball teams. The National (19)Collegiate Athletic (20)Association is a group of colleges and universities that takes part in organized sports programs.
The N-C-A-A men's (21)championship is decided by a series of games played at the end of the season. This series takes place in the month of March and is known as "March Madness." The number of teams was expanded this year from sixty-four to sixty-five.
They will continue to play until one team has won all its games and is (22)declared the champion. "March Madness" this year began last week. It will continue until the final game is played in (23)Minneapolis, Minnesota on April second.
奥斯卡提名歌曲
DATE=3-23-2001
TITLE=AMERICAN MOSAIC #810 - Oscar (24)Nominated Songs
BYLINE=Nancy Steinbach
HOST:
(Start at 8'05")People who make movies will be honored Sunday in Los Angeles, California. That is when the American Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences presents its yearly awards, the Oscars. The movie industry will honor the best work of (25)directors, actors, technical experts and songwriters.
ANNCR:
Five songs were nominated for the Oscar for the best song written for a movie last year. One is from a (26)funny movie called "Meet The Parents". The song is "A Fool In Love", performed by Randy Newman.
((CUT 1: A FOOL IN LOVE))
The second nominee for best song is "I've Seen It All" from "Dancer In The Dark." The third is "A Love Before Time" from the Taiwanese film, "Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon." It is performed here by Coco Lee. Yo-Yo Ma plays the cello.
((CUT 2: A LOVE BEFORE TIME))
The fourth nominee for best song is "My Funny Friend and Me" from the (27)cartoon movie "The Emperor's New Groove".
We leave you with the final nominee for best song written for a movie last year. Bob Dylan sings "Things Have Changed" from the movie "Wonder Boys."
(1) volunteer[????????????]n.志愿者, 志愿兵adj.志愿的, 义务的, 无偿的v.自愿
(2) provide[ ???????? ]v.供应, 供给, 准备, 预防, 规定
(3) describe[ ????????? ]vt.描写, 记述, 形容, 形容v.描述
(4) government[ ?????????? ]n.政府, <英>内阁, 政治, 政体
(5) experience[??????????????]n.vt.经验, 体验, 经历, 阅历
(6) headquarters[ ???????????? ]n.司令部, 指挥部, 总部
(7) culture[ ??????? ]n.文化, 文明
(8) Ghana[ ?????? ]n.加纳
(9) business[ ??????? ]n.商业, 买卖, 交易, 生意, 事情, 事物, 营业, 商行
(10) Latin[ ?????? ]n.拉丁文, 拉丁语, 拉丁语族的adj.拉丁文的, 拉丁语的, 拉丁人的
(11) site[ ???? ]n.地点, 场所, 遗址vt.定...的地点n.站点
(12) involve[???????? ]vt.包括, 笼罩, 潜心于, 使陷于
(13) bounce[ ????? ]v.(使)反跳, 弹起, (指支票)被银行退票, 弹跳n.(球)跳起, 弹回
(14) physical[ ???????? ]adj.身体的, 物质的, 自然的, 物理的n.体格检查
(15) excitement[???????????]n.刺激, 兴奋, 激动, 搔动
(16) major[ ??????? ]n.<美>[教]主修课, [律]成年人, [乐]大调adj.主修的, 成年的, 大调的
(17) professional[??????????? ]n.自由职业者, 专业人员, 职业运动员, 职业艺人adj.专业的,
(18) university[ ???????????????]n.(综合)大学
(19) collegiate[???????????? ]adj.学院的
(20) association[ ????????????? ]n.协会, 联合, 结交, 联想
(21) championship[ ???????????? ]n.锦标赛
(22) declared[ ???????? ]adj.公告的, 公然的
(23) Minneapolis[ ???????????? ]明尼阿波利斯(美国城市)
(24) nominate[ ????????? ]vt.提名, 推荐, 任命, 命名
(25) director[ ????????, ????????? ]n.主任, 主管, 导演, (机关)首长, (团体)理事, (公司)董事,
(26) funny[ ????? ]adj.有趣的, 好笑的, 滑稽的, 奇异的, 古怪的n.滑稽人物
(27) cartoon[ ??:???:n ]n.(报刊上的)政治性漫画, 讽刺画, 卡通画, 漫画(常有解说词)v.画漫
20 著名的舞蹈演员科利吉恩
DATE=3-25-01
TITLE=PEOPLE IN AMERICA #1814 - GENE KELLY
BYLINE=NANCY STEINBACH
VOICE ONE:
I'm shirley griffith.
Voice two:
And I'm steve ember with the v-o-a special english program, people in america. Every week we tell about a person important in the history of the united states. Today, we tell about actor and dancer gene kelly. Experts say he did more than anyone (1)else to make dance popular in america.
((cut 1: gotta dance))
voice one:
Eugene curran kelly was born in pittsburgh, (2)pennsylvania in nineteen-twelve. His mother wanted all five of her children to play music and to dance. Gene was more interested in becoming an (3)athlete. Yet he continued his dance lessons even as he became (4)successful in sports. He said later that he never started out to be a dancer. He wanted to play (5)professional (6)baseball for the (7)pittsburgh pirates baseball team. But, he said, he discovered girls liked his dancing.
Voice two:
Gene kelly graduated from the (8)university of pittsburgh in nineteen-thirty-three. He started teaching at a dancing school. He also (9)directed local plays and (10)performed with his brother fred.
He went to new york city in nineteen-thirty-eight. He was twenty-seven years old. After dancing in a few broadway shows, he got the lead part in the musical play"pal joey" in nineteen-forty.
Critics in new york praised gene kelly for his ability to sing and dance, and at the same time, create a believable (11)character on stage. Soon, he was offered work in (12)hollywood. He went to california in nineteen-forty-one. Voice one:
Gene kelly's real success in movies began in nineteen-forty-four. He and director stanley donen created a special dance for the movie,"cover girl." in it, gene kelly appears to be dancing with himself. Cameras took pictures of him doing two dances separately. Then the two pictures were placed on a single piece of film. In the movie, two gene kellys seem to chase each other up and down steps, threaten each other, and leap over each other's heads.
Gene kelly said later that he had made a huge discovery in that movie. He said dancing in a (13)movie does not look the way it does on the stage. So he tried to do things differently for the movies. He tried to invent dance movements that were especially created for cameras.
Voice two:
In nineteen-forty-five, gene kelly first used a method of filming seen often today. He shared the movie screen with a drawing. In the movie"(14)anchors (15)aweigh", he (16)appeared to dance with a (17)cartoon mouse. It cost one-hundred-thousand dollars to film the eight minute dance.
Gene kelly danced first. Then cartoon artists filmed the drawings of the mouse's movements. The two films were combined into one. In the movie, gene and the mouse are happily dancing and singing together.
Voice one:
Gene kelly was part of another movie-making first in nineteen-forty-nine. It happened in"on the town." it was the first movie musical to be filmed in a real city."on the town" is about three (18)sailors in new york. The movie shows sailors getting off their ship. Then they sing and dance (19)through the city streets.
Musicials were normally filmed on sets built in hollywood to look like other places. Gene said movie company officials at the time thought filming in the real city was (20)crazy, but it worked. It changed movie musicals forever. Gene kelly called "on the town" his (21)favorite movie. It opens with the song,"new york, new york":
((cut 2: new york, new york))
voice two:
Some critics say gene kelly's greatest success was the nineteen-fifty-one movie,"an american in paris." it won eight (22)academy awards, including best picture. Gene won a special (23)oscar for his singing, dancing, acting and creating dances. The movie ended with a seventeen minute ballet dance. It showed the effect of the city of paris on the hero. In the (24)ballet, gene kelly and leslie caron danced to george gershwin's"an american in paris": ((cut 3: an american in paris))
voice one:
Many people think the best gene kelly movie of all is"singin' in the rain." (25)experts say"singin' in the rain" was the last of the great movie (26)musicals. It was released in nineteen-fifty-two. In one part, gene kelly sings the title song while he dances. It is considered one of the best movie (27)scenes in history. In it, he shows how happy he is at the idea of being in love. He performs the song and dance while heavy rain falls on a lonely city street:
((cut 4: singin in the rain))
voice two:
Gene kelly appeared in forty-five movies. He danced and sang. He acted in movies that were not musicals. He produced movies and directed them, too. He also directed musical plays on new york city's broadway. He appeared on television, winning an (28)emmy award for the show"jack and the beanstalk." Gene kelly was in the three"that's (29)entertainment" movies. In those movies, he worked with another great dancer, fred astaire. Fred astaire was a movie star when gene kelly was just starting to dance.
Kelly said he was too big for the kind of dancing astaire did so well. He said his kind of athletic dancing was better done in pants and a shirt than in the more formal clothes astaire wore.
Voice one:
Gene kelly died on february second, nineteen-ninety-six following a series of (30)strokes. He was eighty-three years old. He had been (31)honored many times for his work. He was given awards by the kennedy center in washington d.c., and the american film (32)institute. The government of france gave him a chevalier of the legion of honor. President clinton gave him the american national medal of arts.
People said he had created a new kind of american dance by mixing modern, tap and ballet in an (33)athletic way. Gene kelly always said he was not that important. He said he really was just a song and dance man.
((cut 5: gotta dance))
voice two:
This special english program was written by nancy steinbach. It was produced and directed by lawan davis. I'm steve ember.
Voice one:
And I'm shirley griffith. Listen again next week at this time to people in america on the voice of america.
(1) else[???? ]adj.别的, 其他的adv.另外, 其他
(2) Pennsylvania[ ??????????????????? ]n.宾夕法尼亚州（美国州名）
(3) athlete[ ??????? ]n.运动员, 运动选手
(4) successful[ ?????????? ]adj.成功的
(5) professional[??????????? ]n.自由职业者, 专业人员, 职业运动员, 职业艺人adj.专业的,
(6) baseball[ ????????? ]n.棒球, 棒球运动
(7) Pittsburgh[?????????? ]n.匹兹堡
(8) university[ ?????????????? ]n.(综合)大学
(9) directed[ ???????????????? ]有指导的 有管理的 定向的 被控制的
(10) perform[ ??????? ]vt.履行, 执行, 表演, 演出v.完成任务
(11) character[????????? ]n.(事物的)特性, 性质, 特征(的总和), (人的)品质, 字符, 性格,
(12) Hollywood[ ???????? ]n.好莱坞(位于美国加利福尼亚洛杉矶城的西北), 美国电影业
(13) movie[ ?????? ]n.电影
(14) anchor[ ????? ]n.锚v.抛锚, 锚定
(15) aweigh[ ????? ]adv.离开海底
(16) appear [?????? ]vi.出现, 看来, 似乎, 公开露面, 出版, 发表(vbl.Appear) 出现,出席,发表
(17) cartoon[????????? ]n.(报刊上的)政治性漫画, 讽刺画, 卡通画, 漫画(常有解说词)v.
(18) sailor[ ?????? ]n.海员, 水手, 不大会晕船的人, 船员
(19) through[ ???? ]prep.穿过, 通过, 从开始到结束, 经由, 以adv.从头到尾, 自始至终, 直达
(20) crazy[ ??????? ]adj.疯狂的, 狂热的, (指建筑等)不安全的
(21) favorite[ ????????? ]n.特别喜欢的人(或物), 喜欢的事物, 亲信, 心腹, 幸运儿adj.喜爱的,
(22) academy[????????? ]n.(高等)专科院校, 研究院, 学会, 学术团体, 学院
(23) Oscar[ ????? ]n.奥斯卡
(24) ballet[ ?????????????? ]n.芭蕾舞, 芭蕾舞剧, 芭蕾舞乐曲
(25) expert[ ???????? ]n.专家, 行家, [军](特等)射手adj.老练的, 内行的, 专门的vt.在...
(26) musical[ ????:????? ]adj.音乐的, 悦耳的音乐喜剧
(27) scene[ ???n ]n.现场, 场面, 情景, 景色, 发生地点, [戏剧]一场, 布景, 道具布置
(28) Emmy[????? ]n.艾美奖
(29) entertainment[????????????? ]n.款待, 娱乐, 娱乐表演
(30) stroke[ ?????? ]n.击, 敲, 报时的钟声, (网球等)一击, (划船等)一划, (绘画等)一笔,
(31) honor[ ???? ]n.尊敬, 敬意, 荣誉, 光荣vt.尊敬, 给以荣誉
(32) institute[???????????? ]n.学会, 学院, 协会vt.创立, 开始, 制定, 开始(调查), 提起(诉讼)
(33) athletic[ ???????? ]adj.运动的
21 美国人对家族史及族谱感兴趣的原因
DATE=3-26-01
TITLE=THIS IS AMERICA #1057 - Genealogy
BYLINE=George Grow
VOICE ONE:
Millions of Americans are interested in the history of their families. It is an area of study called (1)genealogy. I'm Sarah Long.
VOICE TWO:
And I'm Shirley Griffith. Genealogy is our report today on the VOA Special English program THIS IS AMERICA.
((THEME))
VOICE ONE:
Americans study family (2)history or genealogy for several reasons. For some, genealogy is linked closely to (3)religious faith. This is especially true in the Mormon religion.
Genealogy also is linked to (4)membership in some (5)cultural groups or historical (6)societies. These include the General Society of Mayflower (7)Descendents and the (8)Colonial Dames of America. (9)Candidates for membership in these organizations may be asked for evidence that their families came to America at the right historical time.
Other people may want to confirm stories they heard about a family member. Or they may just want to learn more about the strange-looking people in old family pictures.
VOICE TWO:
An American television program (10)broadcast in the Nineteen-Seventies increased interest in American genealogy. It was called "Roots." It was one of the most popular programs ever broadcast in the United States."Roots" told the story of the family of African American writer Alex Haley. The story began in Africa a few hundred years ago. Slave (11)traders captured one of Mister Haley's (12)ancestors and brought him to America. The story told how the family developed after that.
After watching the program, many Americans had a (13)desire to (14)investigate their own roots. Some of the information they uncovered was unexpected.
VOICE ONE:
For example, one man learned that a member of his family had crossed the United States with members of the Mormon Church in the Eighteen-Hundreds. His ancestor was a builder and did many jobs for the group.
The early Mormon Church permitted men to marry more than one woman. An investigation showed that the (15)builder, like many(16) Mormons at the time, had more than one wife. In fact, he was married to seven women and had at least thirty children!
((MUSIC BRIDGE)) VOICE TWO:
You may wonder exactly how someone starts a (17)genealogical investigation. Experts say you should start the investigation with yourself. Then work back to (18)immediate family members like your parents and grandparents. Use proven facts first. (19)Separate these facts from stories that are not proven.
One idea is to ask your parents what they can remember about their parents or grandparents. Find out all you can about your ancestors. Where did they live? What kind of work did they do? Many genealogists find it helpful to use tape recorders. In this way, you can save your family member's own words and voice for (20)future use.
VOICE ONE:
You can find much information in pictures, letters and other (21)documents in your own home. Some of these things may be hidden in old books. You can find even more information in other places. For example, small reading centers may have books on local history. Larger (22)libraries may have hundreds of helpful books.
In the United States, several organizations also have large (23)collections of genealogical (24)materials. These include the New England Historic Genealogical Society and the Family History Library of the Mormon Church. Their collections are open to the public.
VOICE TWO:
The Family History Library in the state of Utah has about two-thousand-four-hundred visitors every day. The Library has information from almost every area of the world. Most records are from the years Fifteen-Fifty through Nineteen-Twenty. The records include the names of more than two-thousand-million people who have died.
Many people find it difficult to travel to Utah to use the Library. So, the Mormon Church has established more than three-thousand Family History Centers around the world. All of these centers are open to the public. The Mormon Church also created an Internet web site and other products to help people find and share family history (25)information. The web site, FamilySearch dot com, is (26)extremely popular.
((MUSIC BRIDGE))
VOICE ONE:
If your ancestors were members of a (27)church, you can investigate church records. Records kept by churches are among the most dependable in a family history research project. Perhaps the most helpful records (28)concern (29)marriages and deaths. However, you should examine all records from the period during which your ancestor was active in the church.
Governments usually keep official copies of birth, marriage and death records. Death records, for example, say where the person lived. They give the names of the person's parents. They tell the cause of death.
Other evidence can be found in local (30)court and (31)tax records. And local governments may have copies of wills that tell what should be done with a person's property when he or she dies. Wills often provide unusual (32)details about a person's life and (33)possessions.
VOICE TWO:
The United States government has many helpful records for genealogists. For example, the government has done population or census studies every ten years since the end of the Seventeen-Hundreds.
Early (34)census records had few details. They gave the name of the head of the family. They listed the number of people in the family. Recent census records provide more information. They show the value of a family's (35)property. They also tell where a person's parents were born.
At first, American census records were all (36)handwritten and kept on paper. Now they are kept on (37)microfilm, a photographic copy of printed material. You can find them at several government offices across the country. People with computers can use the Internet to find lists of records kept by the government.
VOICE ONE:
One of the most important places for census information is the National (38)Archives in Washington, D-C. The National Archives also keeps records on men and women who served in America's armed forces. These records can tell if an ancestor fought in any of the wars. They give details of the person's position and dates of military service.
The National Archives also has records of early settlers who received land from the government. It has lists of the many (39)immigrants who arrived in America on ships at the beginning of the century. And it has (40)current information on members of Native American Indian groups.
((MUSIC BRIDGE))
VOICE TWO:
Today, many people use their computers to find Internet web sites on genealogy. There are hundreds of web sites to help people explore their family history. Web sites include many historical records. These include information about births, deaths, marriages, military service, ship passenger lists and census information. These web sites also provide information about how to find your ancestors and how to write your family's history.
However, finding your family (41)roots is not always easy. Often, there is very little or no information about some family members. Continuing to search and investigate can produce results.
VOICE ONE:
For example, one man wanted to discover the history of his family. He knew that part of his family had lived in the same area of the state of (42)Pennsylvania for almost two-hundred years. He knew the names of many ancestors but nothing more. His investigation found no (43)additional information.
Then the man bought a copy of a map of the area printed more than one-hundred years ago. Many burial grounds at that time were near local churches. During a trip to the area, the man used the map to find these old burial grounds.
The information he found on old burial markers answered some of the questions about his ancestors. But the answers raised several new questions. This often happens in genealogy.
VOICE TWO:
People who seek their roots through genealogy say the search is a lot of work, but also a lot of fun. Many Americans say it helps them learn more about history. They say their search brings history to life by making it more personal. It gives them a better understanding of their family's place in history. And, it gives them a better understanding of themselves.
((THEME))
VOICE ONE:
This program was written by George Grow. It was produced by Cynthia Kirk. I'm Sarah Long.
VOICE TWO:
I'm Shirley Griffith. Join us again next week for another report about life in the United States on the VOA Special English program, THIS IS AMERICA.
(1) genealogy[ ?????????????? ]n.系谱, 家系, 宗谱
(2) history[ ???????? ]n.历史, 历史学, 过去的事(的记载), 来历, 历史记录
(3) religious[ ??????????]adj.信奉宗教的, 虔诚的, 宗教上的, 修道的, 严谨的
(4) membership[ ????????? ]n.成员资格, 成员人数
(5) cultural[????????????]adj.文化的
(6) society[ ????????? ]n.社会, ...会, ...社, 友伴, 交际, 社交界, 上流社会
(7) descendent[??????????? ]adj.派生的
(8) colonial[????????????]adj.殖民的, 殖民地的 n.殖民地居民
(9) candidate[ ????????? ]n.候选人, 投考者
(10) broadcast[ ??????????? ]n.广播, 播音v.播撒(种子), 广播(无线电或电视)广播播送
(11) trader[ ????????]n.商人, 商船
(12) ancestor[ ???????? ]n.祖先, 祖宗
(13) desire[???????? ]vt.想望, 期望, 希望, 请求(官方丈礼)n.愿望, 心愿, 要求v.要求
(14) investigate[ ???????????? ]v.调查, 研究
(15) builder[ ?????? ]n.建筑者, 施工人员, 营造商, 增洁剂
(16) Mormon[???????]n.摩门教徒, 一夫多妻主义者
(17) genealogical[ ????????????????? ]adj.宗谱的, 系谱的, 家系的
(18) immediate[ ????????? ]adj.直接的, 紧接的, 紧靠的, 立即的, 知觉的
(19) separate[???????????]adj.分开的, 分离的, 个别的, 单独的v.分开, 隔离, 分散, 分别
(20) future[ ???????? ]n.未来, 将来, 前途, 远景adj.未来的, 将来的
(21) document[??????????? ]n.公文, 文件, 文档, 档案, 文献v.证明
(22) library[ ??????????]n.图书馆, 藏书室, 库
(23) collection[ ????????? ]n.收藏, 征收, 搜集品, 捐款
(24) material[??????????]n.材料, 原料, 物资, 素材, 布料
(25) information[ ???????????? ]n.通知, 报告, 消息, 情报, 知识, 见闻, 资料, 起诉,信息
(26) extremely[ ??????????? ]adv.极端地, 非常地
(27) church[??????? ]n.教堂, 礼拜堂, 教会, 教派, [宗]礼拜
(28) concern[ ???????? ]vt.涉及, 关系到n.(利害)关系, 关心, 关注, 关注, 所关心的是
(29) marriage[ ??????? ]n.结婚, 婚姻, 婚姻生活, 密切结合, 合并
(30) court[ ?????]n.法院, 庭院, 朝廷, 宫庭, 球场, 奉承, 求爱, 殷勤
(31) tax[????? ]n.税, 税款, 税金vt.对...征税, 使负重担, 指控, 责备
(32) detail[ ????????????????? ]n.细节, 详情vt.详述, 细说
(33) possession[ ???????? ]n.拥有, 占有, 所有, 着迷, 领土, 财产(常用复数)
(34) census[???????? ]n.人口普查
(35) property[ ???????? ]n.财产, 所有物, 所有权, 性质, 特性, (小)道具
(36) handwrite[?????????]vt.<古>用手写 亲手写
(37) microfilm[????????????]n.[摄]缩影胶片v.缩微拍摄
(38) archives[ ???????? ]n.档案, 公文, 档案室, 案卷保管处
(39) immigrant[ ??????????]adj.(从外国)移来的, 移民的, 移居的n.移民, 侨民
(40) current[???????? ]adj.当前的, 通用的, 流通的, 现在的, 草写的, 最近的
(41) root[ ???? ]n.根, 根部, 根本, 根源v.(使)生根, (使)扎根, 使立定不动
(42) Pennsylvania[ ??????????????????? ]n.宾夕法尼亚州（美国州名）
(43) additional[????????? ]adj.另外的, 附加的, 额外的
